History Exam 3
The cotton gin: A. made possible efficient separation of seeds from fiber B. was an engine that manufactured cloth C. made the South the wealthiest part of the country D. had no significant effect on the North's economy E. resulted from a government bounty paid to its inventor
A. made possible efficient separation of seeds from fiber
The textile plant established in Waltham, Massachusetts, in 1813: A. manufactured finished cloth B. was owned by the state government C. was destroyed by the British in the War of 1812 D. closed because of the panic of 1819 E. manufactured thread, which it then sold to weavers
A. manufactured finished cloth
Trade associations, or guilds, formed by artisans in the early 1800s attempted to do all the following EXCEPT: A. recruit unskilled workers B. improve working conditions C. influence politicians to support protective tariffs D. uphold standards of quality production E. maintain decent wage levels
A. recruit unskilled workers
The Know-Nothings proposed to: A. send immigrants back to Europe B. ban the use of all languages except English C. lengthen the time required to become a citizen D. stop all immigration E. build a fence along U.S. borders
A. send immigrants back to Europe
The new Bank of the United States created in 1816: A. served as a depository for federal funds B. was opposed by President Madison C. was totally owned by the government D. would be located in Washington, D.C. E. would be forbidden to issue paper money
A. served as a depository for federal funds
By the 1820s, the fastest way to travel from New Orleans to Pittsburgh was by: A. steamboat B. stagecoach C. railroad D. flatboat E. horseback
A. steamboat
A radical wing of the Jackson Democratic Party was also known as: A. the Locofocos B. Tammany Hall C. the National Trades' Union D. the Industrial Workers of the World E. the Sons of the Revolution
A. the Locofocos
The most popular form of indoor entertainment in the first half of the nineteenth century was: A. theater B. cockfighting C. prizefighting D. dog fighting E. ballet
A. theater
The Know-Nothing party: A. was strongest in the 1850s B. was weakest in New England C. was based on prejudice against blacks D. opposed the spread of public education E. elected two presidents in its brief history
A. was strongest in the 1850s
Which of the following opposed a national bank in 1816? A. John C. Calhoun B. Daniel Webster C. Henry Clay D. James Madison E. John Quincy Adams
B. Daniel Webster
Following the expiration of the first Bank of the United States in 1811, state banks: A. guaranteed a stable economy B. issued an excess of paper money C. minted their own gold and silver coins D. were closely regulated by the federal government E. cut way back on credit
B. Issued an excess of paper money
The Preemption Act of 1830: A. gradually raised the price of unsold public lands B. allowed squatters to stake out claims ahead of the land surveys C. limited the amount of cotton exported per year D. set guidelines for the construction of new roads E. gave veterans lands taken away from Indians
B. allowed squatters to stake out claims ahead of the land surveys
By the 1830s, most western products reached New Orleans by: A. steamboat B. flatboat C. mule train D. wagon E. railroad
B. flatboat
In terms of political behavior, the Irish: A. seldom voted B. generally supported Democrats C. idolized John Quincy Adams D. started a new party for immigrants E. were easily manipulated into voting against their interests
B. generally supported Democrats
The cotton gin's invention: A. meant that fewer slaves were needed B. made cotton a major export item C. spurred immigration to the South D. caused slavery to spread to Ohio and Illinois E. increased imports from Britain
B. made cotton a major export item
. By the early 1800s, the five largest American cities were all major: A. military centers B. seaports C. iron-producing centers D. cotton exporters E. state capitals
B. seaports
The advantage clipper ships had over traditional merchant vessels was their: A. greater cargo space B. speed C. ability to sail up rivers D. comfort for passengers E. durability
B. speed
By the 1840s, a communications revolution had been triggered by the development of the: A. telephone B. telegraph C. Pony Express D. railroad E. post office
B. telegraph
One striking aspect of the Lowell factories was: A. the happiness of their workers B. their employment of young single women C. the superior quality of their products D. their minimal impact on natural surroundings E. that they paid workers in stocks
B. their employment of young single women
A large strike led by Massachusetts shoemakers in early 1860: A. caused unions to be outlawed B. won higher wages and union recognition C. shut down the North's whole economy D. resulted in widespread property destruction E. showed the continuing weakness of unions
B. won higher wages and union recognition
The largest group of immigrants living in America in 1860 was: A. British B. Chinese C. Irish D. Scandinavian E. German
C. Irish
Steamboats: A. were commercially profitable by the 1790s B. generally had at least twelve-foot drafts C. brought cheaper and faster two-way traffic to the Mississippi Valley D. were usually built of steel E. soon made railroads obsolete
C. brought cheaper and faster two-way traffic to the Mississippi Valley
Jefferson's embargo in 1807 and the War of 1812: A. almost destroyed American manufacturing B. had little effect on the growth of textile manufacturing in America C. encouraged rapid growth in American manufacturing D. restricted exports and thereby hurt the growth of American manufacturing E. encouraged Americans to live more simply because consumer goods were scarce
C. encouraged rapid growth in American manufacturing
John C. Calhoun accepted the Tariff of 1816 because he: A. saw it as a way to lessen the importance of slavery to southern planters B. saw it as a means to protect slavery in the South C. expected the South would become a manufacturing center D. sympathized with New England shippers and southern farmers E. argued that the Constitution required it
C. expected the South would become a manufacturing center
Physicians in the early 1800s: A. were required to go to medical school B. were closely regulated by the government C. included very few women D. were experts in modern medical science E. provided roughly the same services as nurses
C. included very few women
The settlement of the West was accelerated by Cyrus McCormick's invention of the: A. steel plow B. grain elevator C. mechanical reaper D. chainsaw E. tractor
C. mechanical reaper
Samuel Slater's contribution to the economy was that he: A. invented the steam engine B. was the first to employ child labor C. opened a successful textile mill in Rhode Island D. started the Industrial Revolution in England before he moved to the United States E. convinced President Jefferson of the benefits of manufacturing
C. opened a successful textile mill in Rhode Island
Lyman Beecher's anti-Catholic sermons in 1834: A. were met with great praise throughout the United States B. provoked mob attacks on many churches in New York C. provoked a mob to attack the Ursuline Convent in Charlestown, Massachusetts D. were endorsed by Congress E. caused the northern and southern Baptists to reunite
C. provoked a mob to attack the Ursuline Convent in Charlestown, Massachusetts
The Germans who came to the United States: A. were overwhelmingly Catholic B. were poor and uneducated C. settled mainly in rural areas D. were highly individualistic E. for religious reasons, did not drink beer
C. settled mainly in rural areas
In the antebellum era, prizefights lasted: A. a set number of rounds B. as long as the crowd demanded C. until one fighter could not continue D. a set number of minutes E. until one fighter drew blood on the other
C. until one fighter could not continue
The idea of federal support for internal improvements: A. was explicitly authorized by the Constitution B. lost popularity due to the War of 1812 C. was represented by the construction of the National Road D. was equally popular in all sections of the country E. was one of Madison's key proposals in his reelection campaign
C. was represented by the construction of the National Road
__ patented a process for vulcanizing rubber
Charles Goodyear
As a territory, Missouri had not allowed slavery.
F
As late as 1860, three fourths of the American people lived within twenty-five miles of the Atlantic Ocean.
F
Because they too had suffered discrimination, Irish immigrants tended to be sympathetic to blacks.
F
Before 1845, steamboats were used more for transportation on the ocean than on internal waterways.
F
By the 1850s, trains traveled an average of forty miles an hour.
F
During the 1820s, the tariff level generally declined.
F
Irish immigrants to the United States tended to join the Republican Party.
F
James Monroe was the first president from New York.
F
John Quincy Adams displayed superb political skills during his term as president.
F
Support for the Tariff of 1816 came primarily from the South.
F
The Bank of the United States quickly ended the Panic of 1819 by making credit more easily available.
F
The Second Bank of the United States was chartered in 1826.
F
The United States had caught up with Britain's textile production by 1815.
F
The greatest proportionate influx of immigrants in the history of the United States came in the 1820s.
F
_ with Boston Associates, formed the Boston Manufacturing Company
Francis Cabot Lowell
__ was America's wealthiest man in 1840s
John Jacob Astor
__invented the primitive grain reaper
Cyrus McCormick
Which of the following is NOT true of boxing in the antebellum era? A. Fighters used bare knuckles. B. The sport was imported from Britain. C. Some bouts resulted in a fatality. D. It was strictly entertainment for the lower classes. E. Fighters were often from Ireland or England.
D. It was strictly entertainment for the lower classes.
In 1816, when Congress adopted provisions for a new Bank of the United States, who protested? A. Democrats B. Whigs C. National Republicans D. Old Republicans E. Federalists
D. Old Republicans
Senator Thomas Hart Benton, in opposing the new Bank of the United States, spoke for the interests of: A. New England merchants B. Southern planters C. the West D. Old Republicans E. economic nationalists
D. Old Republicans
By 1860, one would be most likely to encounter Norwegian and Swedish immigrants in: A. New York and New Jersey B. Ohio and Pennsylvania C. California and Oregon D. Wisconsin and Minnesota E. Texas and Louisiana
D. Wisconsin and Minnesota
The major impetus for the huge Irish immigration to the United States after 1845 was: A. religious freedom in the United States B. an abundance of cheap land C. high wages in factories D. a deadly potato famine E. hatred of British rule in Ireland
D. a deadly potato famine
Following the War of 1812, President Madison endorsed: A. increasing purchases of British goods B. a return to agriculture C. reducing the size of the navy D. a national university E. abolition of slavery
D. a national university
In the case of Commonwealth v. Hunt, the Massachusetts Supreme Court ruled that: A. immigration quotas established in the late 1830s were constitutional B. immigration quotas established in the late 1830s were unconstitutional C. forming a trade union was illegal D. forming a trade union was not illegal E. employers could not hire strikebreakers
D. forming a trade union was not illegal
Ironically, the Jacksonian era was characterized by: A. an increase in tolerance for racial diversity B. the end of the western frontier C. a standard of living that fell beneath Europe's D. growing economic and social inequality E. an almost total absence of social mobility
D. growing economic and social inequality
The various Workingmen's parties failed for all the following reasons EXCEPT: A. major parties took over their issues B. labor politicians were inexperienced C. they were vulnerable to charges of radicalism D. most workers had no serious problems E. courts were often pro-management
D. most workers had no serious problems
The German migration to the United States: A. included few educated professionals or skilled workers B. peaked in 1831 C. was in most respects similar to that of the Irish D. often ended in St. Louis, San Antonio, or Milwaukee E. provoked race riots in several cities
D. often ended in St. Louis, San Antonio, or Milwaukee
Cyrus McCormick's grain reapers: A. transformed the economy of the South B. guaranteed that farmers would be successful C. were powered by gasoline engines D. were manufactured at his factory in Chicago E. had to be assembled by farmers
D. were manufactured at his factory in Chicago
The Rhode Island or Fall River systems differed from that of Lowell in that: A. workers were allowed to unionize B. hours were shorter C. employers were all-powerful D. whole families were often employed E. not just textiles were manufactured
D. whole families were often employed
Minstrel shows: A. were usually performed in saloons B. appealed primarily to elite audiences C. featured professional productions of Shakespeare D. helped whites become more racially tolerant E. employed familiar stereotypes of African Americans
E. employed familiar stereotypes of African Americans
The newest and fastest-growing profession in the United States by 1860 was: A. teaching B. medicine C. the law D. nursing E. engineering
E. engineering
By the 1850s, railroads had begun to receive encouragement from the federal government in the form of: A. military protection B. monetary backing C. a ban on further canal construction D. advertising E. land grants
E. land grants
The Know-Nothings campaigned primarily to: A. cut taxes B. establish public schools C. promote Christianity D. prohibit drinking E. limit immigrant influence
E. limit immigrant influence
The Tariff of 1816 was intended to do all of the following EXCEPT: A. raise revenue B. protect American industry C. tax imports D. promote economic independence E. lower the price of British goods
E. lower the price of British goods
In antebellum theaters, audiences: A. quietly watched performances B. were an equal mix of men and women C. preferred patriotic dramas to comedies D. were not capable of judging the quality of the acting E. responded vocally to the quality of performances
E. responded vocally to the quality of performances
All of the following were true of the trains in use by the 1850s EXCEPT: A. they were much faster than stagecoaches and steamboats B. they spurred iron production C. they reduced transportation costs D. they encouraged further expansion of farming E. they could only operate on flat terrain
E. they could only operate on flat terrain
__ invented the sewing machine
Elias Howe
__ wrote "Oh! Susanna"
Stephen Foster
Chinese immigrants to the United States often did the heavy work of construction.
T
Church attendance and temperance were enforced among early workers at Lowell.
T
Despite the rhetoric of the era, the Jacksonian period was actually marked by rising economic and social inequality.
T
Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin on a plantation in Georgia.
T
Four presidential candidates received electoral votes in 1824.
T
Langdon Cheves was president of the Second Bank of the United States.
T
Most of the growth of the Catholic Church in America in the mid-nineteenth century can be attributed to immigration from Ireland.
T
One advantage of New England for manufacturing was a river system that provided power and transportation.
T
The "Era of Good Feelings" was marked by peace and prosperity.
T
The American party was based on nativism.
T
The Missouri Compromise was almost undone when Missouri put into its constitution a provision excluding free blacks and mulattoes.
T
The Monroe Doctrine was part of President Monroe's annual message to Congress.
T
The Monroe Doctrine's effectiveness in preventing the restoration of Spain's colonies depended upon British naval supremacy.
T
The National Road was a good example of an internal improvement because it was financed by the federal government.
T
The United States experienced a period of economic prosperity in the years after the War of 1812.
T
Theatergoers in the antebellum period often hurled insults and objects at performers.
T
By 1860, had become the largest city as its population surpassed one million. A. Boston B. Philadelphia C. Baltimore D. New Orleans E. New York
E. New York
All of the following encouraged migration to the West EXCEPT: A. cheaper prices for federal lands B. fertile soil C. advances in agricultural technology D. easy credit from state banks E. construction of numerous frontier forts
E. construction of numerous frontier forts
__ invented the telegraph
Samuel F. B. Morse
__ used his memory to bring industrial technology from Britain to the United States
Samuel Slater
The Erie Canal did all of the following EXCEPT: A. stretch from Albany to Buffalo B. dramatically reduce freight rates C. inspire more canal construction D. increase shipping through the port of New York E. bankrupt New York State with its huge cost
E. bankrupt New York State with its huge cost
The cotton gin was invented: A. by John Deere B. by John Oliver C. in England D. in the 1830s E. by Eli Whitney
E. by Eli Whitney
The first American factories produced: A. cotton textiles B. leather goods C. tobacco products D. glass products E. muskets
A. cotton textiles
The New England textile industry's use of water power: A. dramatically altered the region's ecology B. made its products more expensive C. was never a source of controversy D. largely ended by 1850 as factories switched to steam power E. dried up some rivers completely
A. dramatically altered the region's ecology
Anti-Irish prejudice was especially based upon: A. fear of growing Catholic influence B. Irish sympathy for black equality C. Irish support for trade unions D. jealousy over the fact that so many Irish were well educated E. competition for housing in industrial cities
A. fear of growing Catholic influence
Antebellum minstrel shows: A. featured the songs of Stephen Foster B. featured black performers made up as whites C. were similar to operatic shows. D. portrayed black characters positively E. were embraced by elite and educated audiences
A. featured the songs of Stephen Foster
Ironically, Thomas Jefferson's embargo in 1807: A. led to a significant increase in American manufacturing B. ended Republican control of the government C. encouraged farmers to grow less foodstuffs and more cotton D. helped perpetuate slavery E. boosted the British economy
A. led to a significant increase in American manufacturing
__ preached anti-Catholic sermons
Lyman Beecher
__improved the steamboat
Robert Fulton
German immigrants in the 1850s: A. were mostly poor and nonreligious B. almost never returned to their native country C. tended to come as groups and families D. usually spoke English already E. were not the target of the nativists
c. tended to come as groups and families