History of Rock Final
Public Enemy
"Fight the Power" (1989), black power movement, influential rap group, music is often chaotic featuring heavy layers or samples, drum beats, and "hype man" Flavor Flav -
Dave Grohl advocated for
"human elements" and "imperfections" in music performed on old-fashioned instruments and recorded in garages with tape machines
Desert Trip
"oldchella", older musicians from classic rock era, expensive tickets for baby boomers
Artists such as ____ and _____ reinvented the teen idol approach, while singers ___ and ___ became pop sex symbols.
*NSYNC the Spice Girls Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera
Indigo Girls
-Atlanta based -Openly gay women -Duet singing and acoustic guitar accompaniment
Tori Amos
-Baltimore to LA -Harmonies, melodies, and classical piano playing
Beyonce
-Beat-based performer of the 2000s -lead member of Destiny's Child -first solo album 2003 -both R&B and pop charts -
Matchbox 20
-Blended grunge energy with Beatles-esque sensibility -second half of 90s -Lead singer Rob Thomas
Oasis
-Britpop, influenced by British invasion of the 60s (Beatles)
Despite origins as industry outsiders, indie rock labels became very popular after ____, and indie-oriented artists were often popular with mainstream audiences.
2000
"neo-soul"
2000s revival and recontextualization of 1960s soul style -connected rock audiences with musical and cultural themes popular among the R&B and hip-hop communities
When was streaming first introduced?
2006
"No wave"
A punk reaction against against the commercial rise of new wave -Sonic Youth
Bon Iver
Album in 2011 was important for modern folk revival
"End of the Road"
Boyz II Men (1992) -simple verse chorus -verses feature solo vocals and chorus sections highlight group vocal texture -virtuosic, melismatic vocals throughout -spoken vocal section reminiscent of 50s ballad
What developed alongside rap?
Break-dancing, graffiti, hip-hop culture
Scandinavian Metal
Dozens of bands emerged and developed a variety of metal styles since the early 1980s (ex. Mercyful Fate)
Afrika Bambaataa
Founder of Zulu Nation in the early '70s, a gang-like organization devoted to building a sense of fraternity among hip-hop artists
Other artists that combine rap, R&B and rock
Frank Ocean, Solange, Kendrick Lamar
Jam band inspirations
Grateful Dead, Allman Brothers Band
Weezer
Heavy guitar-oriented sound over a steady danceable groove
H.O.R.D.E.
Horizons of Rock Developing Everywhere -collective summer tour in '92 of new jam bands
What other bands emerged out of the Northern England heavy metal schene in the late 70s early 80s? What were they called?
Iron Maiden, Def Leppard, Judas Priest "new wave of British heavy metal"
Sheryl Crow
LA -styles ranging from country to rhythm and blues
Criticisms surrounding rap
Not really music, since they do not play instruments or sing, offensive words and images Rap was the newcomer while rock was the "old guard"
Feel-good, guitar-driven rock of artists like ____, ____, and _____ became staples of ______
Sheryl Crow, Hootie and the Blowfish, and Matchbox 20 FM radio.
"The One I Love"
Simple verse-chorus, AABA verse sections -no changing lyrics for verses
When was Bon Jovi famous? Qualities of their band?
Slippery When Wet topped the charts in 1986 High, soaring vocals of Bon Jovi and virtuosic (but often restrained) guitar work of Ritchie Rambora Bon Jovi focused more on themes of working-class youth and Americana
Compact disc technology was first introduced by ___ in ___
Sony and Philips in 1980
Other pop-punk groups
The Offspring, Blink-182
"Color Me Impressed"
The Replacements, 1983 -contrasting verse-chorus, with instrumental bridge sections -rough vocals
Other pop-alt rock bands
Third Eye Blind Sugar Ray Goo Goo Dolls Train
"Crucify"
Tori Amos 1992 -compound AABA -piano enters in first pre-chorus and vocals add echo -odd , electronic sounds during chorus -stark bass chord to accompany verses
Examples of female singer-songwriters in the 90s
Tori Amos, Ani DiFranco, Sarah McLachlan -antithesis of mass-marketed pop divas
"Industrial" style
Traced to British bands of the mid-70s -Heavily imbued with concept art and anti-conformity -Avant-garde and disturbing
College radio/underground rock culture eventually turns into....
alternative rock in the early 1990s
CDs had become the industry standard by the ___
beginning of the 90s
The first commercial CD was issued in___
late 1982
Elliott Smith
lo-fi musician who played all of the instruments by himself -indie rocker -soundtrack to Good Will Hunting
Twin Cities Punk bands
the Replacements and Husker Du -more accessible to the average rock listener
"breaks"
the catchiest instrumental breaks or passages drawn from music to incite the dancers to greater excitement
Mumford and Sons
-"folk underground" scene in London -Fashion that evoked the depression era -references to classic authors -instrumentation encompasses rock norms and old-time styles, and bluegrass -popular around 2012
Smashing Pumpkins
-1990s -reworked aspects of progressive rock, psychedelia, and early heavy metal
Carrie Underwood
-American Idol winner in 2005 -music crosses between pop and country -female perspective in country music
Vampire Weekend
-American rock combo that emphasizes Afro-pop influences -infectious dance rhythms and witty lyrics -staple in the indie scene -mid 2000s
Evanescence
-Arkansas-based band that blended heavy music, piano-based balladry, rap, and gothic metal -2003 was Bring Me to Life -heavy distorted guitar riff and background rapping
Alanis Morissette
-Canadian -anger, frustration, outrage about past romances
Nickelback
-Canadian group -heavier forms of rock -Popular throughout the 2000s and 2010s -some country influences in the subject matter
Taylor Swift
-Debut in 2006 -2014 transitioned from country to pop -Love Story based on rock-oriented rhythm section -uses fiddle, banjo, guitar swells
Sufjan Stevens
-Detroit born -intimate music, banjo trademark -nonconventional rock instrumentation -one of the most popular indie artists during the 2000s
Pavement
-Indie scene in 90s -lo-fi music -slacker lifestyle, loose sound -half sung, half spoken words -distorted guitar
Britney Spears and Cristina Aguilera
-Late 1990s popularity -Sexual objects, unhealthy images of young women -Central role in popular music -teen idols
Magnetic Fields
-Merge band -Music highlights songs rather than performance -instrumental accompaniment -themes of gender
Counting Crows
-SF -Emerged in '94 during mainstream peak of the alternative movement
Metallica
-Started in LA and moved to SF -Influenced by Black Sabbath, Led Zeppelin, and Deep Purple -Also influenced by British heavy metal such as Motorhead -Speed metal
Ska revival
-Sublime, "What I got" -No Doubt, "Don't Speak" in mid 1990s
Spice Girls
-UK all-girl quintet -catchy music, fun-loving image, distinctive good looks -music reminiscent of R&B, up-tempo numbers and beats of Euro dance music -Madonna independence influence
The Beastie Boys
-White rappers -Transitioned from NY hardcore punk scene into the hip-hop scene in the early '80s -Among the first bands to take advantage of the new digital sampling technology
Keith Urban
-a country artist who is extremely popular among rock fans -wears cowboy hat -talented and flashy guitarist -high-energy rock style -popular during 2000s and 2010s
Sarah McLachlan
-a female pianist from Nova Scotia -Soft vocal delivery and lilting melodies
Linkin Park
-a group fully enmeshed in the Nu Metal style -popular throughout the 2000s and 2010s -accessible rap parts -rap metal (similar to Hoobastank)
Wilco
-band formed by Jeff Tweedy -major label problems -maintained loyal indie following because of the innovative quality of their music -combined alt-country, singer-songwriter tradition, and sonic atmospheres/noises
Radiohead
-came out of England during Britpop movement in 90s -Avant-garde noise, electronic effects, wide dynamic effects
Marilyn Mansen
-dressed outrageously -vulgar and satanic content -misbehavior
Norah Jones
-early 2000s -classical, jazz, album-oriented pop -nonelectric music -easy listening
White Stripes
-emblematic of Detroit's new garage rock scene -drums and guitar duo -unconventional beat patterns -virtuoso blues guitar style, throwback to 70s arena rock -indie rock scene -lo-fi recording
Jack Johnson
-example of acoustic-oriented artist that found success during the 2000s -pop market -easy listening
OutKast
-explored hip-hop life from a southern viewpoint -Ms. Jackson in 2000 -
D'Angelo
-formative neo-soul -later music embraced rock elements -Black Messiah album with themes related to Black Lives Matter in 2014
The Roots
-formed in Philadelpha in 80s -famous hip-hop group that uses traditional rock instruments -thoughtful lyrics -heavy jazz emphasis -
Lil Wayne
-from Louisiana -rapper with southern roots
Hootie and the Blowfish
-from South Carolina -good-time, roots-rock style -Darius Rucker's soulful vocals
"emo" community
-grew during the 2000s -closely related to pop punk bands like Green Day and Blink 182 -drew from high energy punk of the 70s and 80s American hardcore -issues of self exploration -blend of heavy guitars and introspective lyrics -youth culture of the 1990s and 2000s
Black Keys
-guitar and drum duo -lo-fi records during the 2000s -most popular albums in 2010 and 2011
Superchunk
-important band from NC -Merge records in the 90s -high-energy group with roots punk
Alabama Shakes
-indie band that became popular in the mainstream during the 2010s -lyrical connections to southern gospel -blues-oriented guitar -electronic noise associated with modern indie rock
Nine Inch Nails
-industrial style -SF based -moody music, lyrics are dark
Pearl Jam
-lead singer Eddie Vedder -central to alternative rock scene -anticommercial aesthetic of the alt-rock lifestyle
Neutral Milk Hotel
-lo-fi aesthetic -cryptic instrumentation and lyrical references -avant-garde noise experiments and intimate accoustic
Kanye West
-mainstream hip hop artist -achieved success as both a producer and performer -lyrics take an openly intellectual stance -samples from rock music from the past
iTunes
-originally designed as Apple-only "jukebox software" -2003 iTunes store opened -Hot 100 chart incorporated
Jewel
-raised in Alaska -second half of 90s -acoustic guitar, prominent piano
Cee-Lo Green
-rapper from Atlanta -explored hybrids of rap, rock, and traditional R&B -expressive vocals -part of Gnarls Barkley -classic soul vocals
Boyz II Men
-return of classic Motown -Philadelphia-based vocal quartet -crafted vocal harmonies -Brill Building model of the early 60s
Spoon
-their music is often stark and direct, with danceable repetitive grooves -indie rock community
Heavy metal developed out of a return-to-heavy-rock movement in the late ____ in _____ and _____, remaining largely out of the mainstream except for a few acts such as:
1970s northern England Los Angeles Ozzy Osbourne, Black Sabbath, and Van Halen.
During the ___, programmable and computer-based methods of making music were widespread in a variety of popular music styles.
1980s
During the first half of the ____s, ___ and ____ were transforming the aspects of rock music
1980s FN radio waves and MTV
By the end of the ___, _____ and ____ both emerged into the mainstream, as reflected by the popularity of MTV shows such as ____ and ____.
1980s heavy metal rap Yo! MTV Raps and Headbangers Ball.
Second Summer of Love
1988, blend of trippy music, altered consciousness, tribal sensibilities -Ecstasy was back for dancing
The female singer-songwriter movement became prominent in the ___, led by artists such as ___ and ___ and promoted via concert events such as ____
1990s Tori Amos and Sarah McLachlan Lilith Fair.
One of the most important indie labels of the ____ was ____, which had a stocked roster of indie artists at the end of the decade and was poised for success during the indie explosion of the new millennium.
1990s was Merge Records
VH-1
A channel on MTV targeted to baby boomers Developed a quasi-historical series in '97 focusing on famous rock musicians and their careers
"College rock"
A scene that developed on U.S. college campuses in the late '80s, small independent labels on college radio stations and live performances
"Hold On"
Alabama Shakes 2012 -compound AABA -few chord changes -partial reprise of bridge and chorus -distorted guitar adds tension at dramatic peak
Queen Latifah
All Hail the Queen in 1989 debut album, strong female voice in hip-hop, lyrics about womanhood and dismissing prejudices that women can't rap
Lilith Fair
All-female music festival from 1997-1999, created by Sarah McLaughlan in response to the unspoken idea that more than one woman could not be on the same performance bill.
Def Jam Records
An early hip-hop label, released music by LL Cool J, the Beastie Boys, and Public Enemy -instrumental in helping popularize rap music in the mainstream
Grandmaster Flash
Another important early hip-hop DJ responsible for mixing turntables
Where did college rock originate?
Athens, Georgia at the University of Georgia with R.E.M. in the second half of the 1980s
Important female artists of the 2000s
Avril Lavigne (wrote her own music) P!nk Lady gaga Kelly Clarkson
Important Boy Bands of the 90s
Backstreet Boys and NSYNC, all male vocal groups modeled on Boyz II Men
Washington D.C. hardcore
Bad Brains, Teen Idols, Minor threat -doctrinaire attitudes towards substance abuse, racial tolerance, intellectual debate
Minutemen
Based in San Pedro, a different form of hardcore that lacked the distortion and anarchistic attitude, seemed closer to hippie aesthetic than hardcore punk, spoken word vocal element
"Loser"
Beck, 1993 -simple verse-chorus -entire song built on one chord -rapped vocals in verses and sung vocals in chorus -instrumental parts come in and out of texture according to 4 bar structure
Other HORDE bands
Blues Traveler, Spin Doctors
Similarities between rap and rock
Both styles maintain an "outsider" status depending on class differences Both emblematic of lower end of class spectrum, which is part of their appeal
The Smiths
British underground scene in 1984, college radio popular in the U.S.
Korn
Brought the sound of the seven-string guitar (throwback to jazz) into rap-rock -lyrics are often rapped but sometimes screamed
LL Cool J
Career jump-started in 1985, crossed over and made a rap ballad, the album reached #1 on the rhythm and blues album chart
Alternative aesthetic
Casually dressed, amateur instrumentalists, rejected major labels and worked with smaller indie labels -DIY aesthetic
How did heavy metal relate to hippie aesthetic?
Classical music models, extended forms, virtuosic solos, concept albums devoted to serious-minded issues
"Viva La Vida"
Coldplay 2008 -compound AABA -initial 8 measure idea used throughout most of the song -use of orchestral percussion -thwarted ending
N.W.A.
Controversial album in 1989 called Straight Outta Compton with track **** Tha Police -engagement in social and political criticism
Examples of post-grunge bands that were successful in the mainstream using the heavy sound of alternative rock
Creed, Lifehouse, explored conservative themes - emergence of Christian rock in the American mainstream during the the 90s
Run-DMC
Cross-over between rap and mainstream, in 1986 were thrusted into the center of the American music scene
R.E.M.
Cryptic, energetic rock and roll
"Really Love"
D'Angelo and the Vanguard 2015 -AABA -Curtis Mayfield sample -AABA form sits between lengthy intro and postlude jam -extensive background vocal tracks
Examples of emo bands of the 2000s
Dashboard Confessional, Get Up Kids, Jimmy Eat World
_______, led by Russell Simmons and Rick Rubin, helped rap cross over to a ____ audience by employing ______ and enlisting ____ to record with _____.
Def Jam rock electric guitar hooks and enlisting Aerosmith to record with Run-DMC
Other college radio bands:
Depeche Mode, the Cure
"Nuthin' But a "G" Thang"
Dr. Dre 1993 Gangsta Rap -simple verse chorus -rapped vocals are sometimes double-tracked -high keyboard sound -samples taken
Describe Black Sabbath
Driving riffs, dark themes, extended guitar solos
Rap continued to develop into the 1990s, with a strong division emerging within gangsta rap between ____ and ___ artists. ____ emerged as an often-controversial artist.
East Coast (Puff Daddy) West Coast (Snoop Doggy Dog, Dr. Dre) Eminem
____ music developed out of late-1970s disco and 1980s regional danceclub scenes.
Electronic dance
Soundgarden
Emerged from Seattle, formed in the late 80s -blend of heavy metal, '70s blues rock, '60s psychedelia
Qualities of Motley Crue
Emerged from the LA club circuit in 1983, guitar-driven, pop-oriented metal, high screaming vocals, drumming is loud and answertive
Dave Matthews Band
Emerged out of the jam band scene, combined grass-roots touring with widespread commercial success -elements of jazz, funk, bluegrass
Speed metal/thrash metal
Fast tempos and blazing guitar passages
The Replacements
Fast, distorted, sloppy style associated with punk rock, compact song structure is deeply indebted to the pop tradition
Los Angeles hardcore bands
Fear, the X, the Germs, the Circle Jerks, and Black Flag
"Rope"
Foo Fighters 2011 -compound AABA -syncopation and anticipated phrasing make counting difficult -use of connective bridge and sectional bridge -chorus extended in final presentation
The Red Hot Chili Peppers
Formed in '83 in Hollywood -influenced by fund and punk (bassist) -innovative videos on MTV
Sonic Youth
Formed in NY, influenced by punk, avant-garde, blended pop and art -"no wave" -underground aesthetic -experimental
Widespread Panic
From Athens, Georgia -HORDE band, connections to Allman Brothers Band
Nirvana
From Seattle, released Nevermind in 1991, launched the alternative rock boom -origins in hardcore and indie rock -"grunge band" -lead singer Kurt Cobain
Power ballad
Genre that became popular in the context of metal in the late 80s Gives the singer the chance to display his sensitive side
"When I Come Around"
Green Day, 1994 -contrasting verse chorus -based mostly on repeating 2 bar chord sequence -instrumental texture remains constant -instrumental stop at end of chorus creates emphasis on vocal hook
Foo Fighters
Grew out of the ashes of Nirvana and Sunny Day Real Estate -lead singer Dave Grohl (Nirvana drummer) -less angsty than Nirvana, more light
Eminem
Grew up poor in Detroit -found by Dr Dre -Popular in late 90s -aggressive and violent content
What are the forebears of heavy metal?
Harder, more aggressive aspects of rock from the 60s and 70s Garage band music and early punk Progressive pshedelic songs Black Sabbath
Drawbacks to electronic music revolution
Illegal trading Musicians, songwriters, record companies lost revenues large scale decline of physical media
Jam band scene
In the '90s, younger generations embracing rock traditionalism -focused on live performances -highly developed musical skill, especially improv
When was Van Halen successful?
In the late 1970s - they drove aspiring rock artists to LA They had inter-band conflicts by 1984, got a new lead singer and played on through the 80s
Important middle-of-the-road male artists in the 2000s
John Mayer (intricate guitar, blues influence), Maroon 5 (R&B with funk and heavier rock), Coldplay (Britpop)
Many musicians associated with hip-hop, such as ____ and ____, also made music that incorporated rock elements.
Kanye West and the Roots
Beck Hansen
LA -indie artist who signed to a major label -blends lo-fi approach with hip-hop, country, rock, 70s soul, and even classical music -keen sense of pop hooks -full of samples and rapid shifts
Alice in Chains
Late '80s, dark lyrics dealing with drug addiction and death
When were all-night rave parties popular?
Late 80s early 90s
Examples of female artists in the indie community
Liz Phair (Chicago) Ani DiFranco (NY) Sleater-Kinney (Seattle) - riot grrrl movement of feminist punk musicians
During the 1980s, the most prominent metal scene emerged in ___
Los Angeles
The widespread use of the ___, a highly compressed format that greatly reduces the size of a music file, allowed users to send music through email or create collections of data files with hundreds of songs on a single CD.
MP3
Merge bands
Magnetic Fields, Neutral Milk Hotel, Superchunk (Merge records was from NC)
Virtuosity
Many metal bands embraced instrumental virtuosity, especially guitar
"One"
Metallica (billboard in 1989) -Complex formal design and ambitious instrumental sections (hair bands were more pop-oriented) -Drew more from prog-rock influences -Two-part form (A is verse-chorus form, B is simple verse form) -Virtuosic guitar solo
"Straight Edge"
Minor Threat, 1981 -simple verse chorus -"no frills hardcore" -less than one minute long -fast hardcore style
Ian MacKaye
Most important figure in the D.C. hardcore scene, a guitarist/vocalist/songwriter/label owner -formed Minor Threat, most important group in the scene -swore off drugs and alcohol "straight edge"
"Shout at the Devil
Mötley Crüe 1983 -Compound AABA -A sections are verse-chorus pair -Features allow a crowd to sing along -High metal vocals without speed or virtuosity -Audibly multi-tracked guitars and background vocals -Anthemic chorus
a peer-to-peer file-sharing program that allowed users to download files quickly and easily from other users.
Napster
"In the Aeroplane over the Sea"
Neutral Milk Hotel, 1998 -simple verse -interlude and bridge share chord progression, but bridge moves half as fast -listen for musical saws -flugelhorn featured as solo instrument
Where are raps origins?
New York's African American and Latino community during the late 70s
The industrial music of ___ and ___ blended noise and avantgarde elements to produce a successful concept-driven but often disturbing new approach.
Nine Inch Nails and Marilyn Manson
"Hurt"
Nine Inch Nails, 1994 -contrasting verse-chorus -unmeasured noise used as introduction and coda -altered lyrics in final chorus
____'s _____ launched the alternative rock movement into the mainstream in ____. Alternative was a reaction to _____of the ____.
Nirvana's Nevermind 1991 the excesses of much mainstream pop and rock 1980s
"Smells Like Teen Spirit"
Nirvana, 1992 -simple verse chorus -contrast between verse and chorus -2 bar phrase in introduction is basis for song -short contrasting 4 measure section added to choruses as transition
Important locations for college radio in the 90s
Olympia, WA and Chapel Hill, NC
Rage Against the Machine
One of the first groups to successfully combine rap vocal style with rock
"gangsta rap"
Originally popularized by West Coast rappers in the 1980s, often containing "hardcore" rap lyrics related to gangs, gang members and their lifestyle
Indie-rock was prevalent in which communities?
Overwhelmingly white and upper middle class, but with varying gender perspectives
Who was the lead vocalist of Black Sabbath?
Ozzy Osbourne, quit the band in 1977 to pursue a solo career
Advantages of electronic music revolution
Peer-to-peer networking distribution at the fingertip of listeners more access suggesting music to friends
Other country-pop artists of the mid 2010s
Phillip Phillips, The Lumineers, the Avett Brothers
"Chalkdust Torture"
Phish 1992 -contrasting verse chorus -based on two measure riff -listen for ecstatic section of guitar solo contrasts between driving rock and playfulness
Kool Herc
Pioneering hip-hop DJ who first adapted the technique of "mixing" between two turntables to the hip-hop aesthetic.
An important qualities are indicative of this type of music?
Primarily guitar-driven, often featuring pyrotechnical soloing and unrelentingly heavy drumbeats
"Don't Believe the Hype"
Public Enemy - 1988 -Simple verse-chorus -drums sampled and looped with electronic whistle
As rap became more mainstream, groups such as _____, ___, ___ become more political, challenging the status quo and reflecting on the problems of urban life.
Public Enemy, KRS-One, and N.W.A
Which two bands remained close to the heavier rock marker in the 2000s and 2010s?
Queens of the Stone Age and the Foo Fighters
"Airbag"
Radiohead 1997 -simple verse chorus -uses three recurring sections: verse, refrain, instrumental melody -recurring riff opens song and returns a few times -experimental sounds and noise are examples of modern experimentation
Several bands such as ___ and ____ blended the straightforward approach and punk attitude of alternative with other styles, developing extensions of metal that blended in elements of ___
Rage Against the Machine and Korn rap
"Give it Away"
Red Hot Chili Peppers 1991 -compound AABA -recurring rhythmic groove established by drums, bass, and guitar -build on 4 bar phrases -backward guitar effect in bridges
Initially thought of as a Seattle style described as grunge, bands from other parts of the country also had success with this return-to-simplicity style, including the ____ and ___
Red Hot Chili Peppers and Green Day.
Western Massachusetts
Regional indie center, centered on Amherst and Northampton -heavy guitar, melodic vocal hooks, atmospheric guitar solos -Boston had the Pixies
"Walk This Way"
Run DMC video that displays a caricature of the racial tension between rock and rap during the mid-1980s
What was the first rap album to have a major impact on white audiences?
Run-DMC's Raising Hell (1986) -they used crossover techniques between rap and Aerosmith's "Walk This Way" rock song
"Rock Box"
Run-DMC, 1984 -Simple verse -Mainstream rock musical track with rap vocals -Riff-based
Examples of East Coast gangsta rappers
Sean Combs (Puff Daddy/P Diddy) Notorious BIG Wu-Tang Clan
Where was the home of the alternative movement?
Seattle
Black Flag
Seminal LA hardcore band, fast tempos, heavily distorted guitars, screaming vocals, profane lyrics
"All I Wanna Do"
Sheryl Crow 1994 -simple verse chorus -music for the intro becomes music for pre-chorus -strings in intro sound like "disco" strings -verses tell stories about LA from Crow's perspective
Examples of "feel good" rock in '94
Sheryl Crow and Hootie and the Blowfish
Qualities of American heavy metal during the 80s?
Sing-along vocals, drumming is loud and assertive, band drops out late in the track which allows the listener to focus on the vocal hook (motley crue)
Green Day
Started in SF, led by Billie Joe Armstrong -Hard driving and aggressive music (similar to 70s punk) -Strong pop vibes -Pop-punk
"Love Story"
Taylor Swift 2008 -compound AABA -several large-scale dynamic builds create tension and release throughout -repeated and altered chorus sections align with pop -banjo, fiddle, "truck driver" key change, country practices
Country musicians like ___ and____ also incorporated rock styles and were popular with mainstream audiences.
Taylor Swift and Carrie Underwood
___ dramatically changed the manner in which rock music was distributed after 2000, first with ____ and then with ___
Technology digital downloads and then through cloud-based streaming.
Which important artists were from Michigan?
The White Stripes and Sufjan Stevens
Alt-Country examples and qualities
Uncle Tupelo and Ryan Adams -a type of indie rock -college radio origins -
Phish
Vermont based jam band -incorporated jazz improv, children's fairy tales, silly rituals, high energy rock solos -mid 90s -HORDE band
Progression of physical media
Vinyl 12" album - Vinyl 7" single - 8-Track - Cassette - CD album - Digital Album - Digital Single
Kid Rock
Vocals are rapped and sung Branched into more mainstream Broad range of styles, including country rock
"break spinning"
When DJ repeats a short phrase by spinning one record backwards while the other record is playing
"Ashes of American Flags"
Wilco 2002 -contrasting verse-chorus -highly modified form that includes pre-chorus, floating vamp, and interlude -verses often feature different arangements -electronic noise is present throughout the track and is featured in the final interlude
Noise Pop bands
Yo La Tengo and My Bloody Valentine -infused noise into their music -indie-rock
Ska
a style of fast popular music having a strong offbeat and originating in Jamaica in the 1960s, a forerunner of reggae
Hardcore
a subgenre of punk rock that originated in the United States in the late 1970s and early 1980s, serving as a transition between punk and the more intense form of heavy metal known as thrash metal. - mostly underground -very associated with major cities
"Scratching"
a technique in which the record is rotated in the reverse direction and then forward, quickly and repeatedly while manipulating the record's volume, to create a distinctive rhythm.
Limp Bizkit
also used seven-string guitar (like Korn), added screaming in a vocal dimension
Ice-T
born in New Jersey, moved to LA as a child and became one of the most important reps of West Coast rap in the late '80s and early '90s
By 1990, _____ had become one of the most successful formats in radio and led the business of radio through the rest of the decade, sometimes with multiple stations in a single market competing against one another.
classic rock
The rise of the _____ format, combined with the popularity of the CD and the emergence of rock documentaries, kept ____ and ____ rock in demand among listeners.
classic rock radio format 1960s and '70s
compound AABA form
each A section contains at least one verse and a chorus section (these can be contrasting or not). After two presentations of the A form, a contrasting bridge (B) occurs, followed by a return to some version of the verse-chorus pair. Sometimes this return can only consist of the chorus and repetitions of it.
Sound City
film directed by Grohl about the use of older technology in rock recording
examples of "hair bands" and their qualities
followed the model of Alice Cooper -KISS -David Bowie -Motley Crue Wore makeup, outrageous clothes, heavily teased hair
Yngwie Malmsteen
guitar virtuoso from Sweden who moven to LA
Extending the late-1970s punk scene, _____ developed in underground regional scenes around the country, including ____, ___, and ____.
hardcore music Los Angeles, Minneapolis, and Washington, D.C.
Rap developed out of the _____, with roots in _____. DJs such as _____ and _____ developed techniques for extending songs and scratching.
hip-hop culture of New York, Jamaican music party traditions, Grandmaster Flash and Afrika Bambaataa
During the early years of hip-hop, there were no _______ - mixing records and MCing was strictly a live affair, something you had to experience in person.
hip-hop records
___ became the alternative to alternative
indie rock
Alternative emerged out of the ___ and ___ scenes of the ___. When bands from those scenes went mainstream in the wake of Nevermind, a new generation of bands emerged within the indie underground and college rock scenes, including ___
indie rock and hardcore 1980s Pavement, Liz Phair, and Beck.
New bands emerged that made use of earlier rock traditions, such as Phish leading the _____ movement and Radiohead engaging elements of ____.
jam band movement psychedelia
Heavy metal began to break into the mainstream in the ____ with the tremendous success of: _____. Bands like Metallica took metal in a more _____ direction in the _____.
mid-1980s Bon Jovi and Guns N' Roses ambitious late 1980s.
With the help of college radio, a ____ scene developed outside of the mainstream, giving listeners an alternative to FM radio and MTV. Indie and hardcore paved the way for the _____ of the _____
national indie rock alternative rock of the 1990s.
Larry Levan
one of the most important DJs in post-disco dance music
The first important method of Internet distribution was the
online sale of physical merchandise.
There were many forms of mainstream rock in the new millennium, including ____ music that was connected closely to ____.
pop oriented R&B, pop punk, blues, metal, jazz, and folk
Heavy metal music is often thought of as ___ and geared towards a ____ audience because
primitive blue-collar white audiences because their glamor was associated with strip clubs, rejecting the commercial status quo, cultural defiance
During the late 1970s in the UK, which two styles were reactions against mainstream rock?
punk and new wave
Also during the 1980s, both ___ and ___ of the underground scene were developing
rap and heavy metal
"lo-fi" aesthetic
recording style that reveals the impulsive nature of their music -lack of good recording facilities -ex. Pavement
Rock in advertising
rock musicians have grown increasingly tolerant to using their music in advertising, as well as indie music
Beastie Boys
rock-approved hip-hop -jazz and classic soul -throughout the 90s
Guns N' Roses music focused on ___. What were some qualities of their music?
the seedier side of life in LA, drug and alcohol abuse and urban chaos Rose performed in low baritone register and high, screaming vocals with length melodic guitar solos
Once considered music for ___, many important institutions after 2000 accepted rock as an important element of ___.
youthful degenerates modern culture
