History of Rock Test 4

Rave

Transplanted from Britain to United States. Underground dance culture involving Ecstasy Went mainstream in late 1990s Chemical Brothers Moby, Play, 1999

Napster

two music-focused online services. It was founded as a pioneering peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing Internet service that emphasized sharing digital audio files, typically songs, encoded in MP3 format. The company ran into legal difficulties over copyright infringement

MTV and the Development of music video Stars, and music "reality-TV"

used for promoition

Babyface Edmonds

songwriter and producer, worked with antonio 'LA' Reid; Created LAFace Records with Reid and Arista Records, and produced TLC, Usher, and Toni Braxton

girl groups

spice girls

Power Ballad

the emotional singing of soul artists, particularly Ray Charles, and the adaptation of this style by performers such as Eric Burdon, Tom Jones, and Joe Cocker to produce slow-tempo songs often building to a loud and emotive chorus backed by drums, electric guitars, and sometimes choirs.

Rick Rubin

American record producer; co-founder of def jam records; helped popularize hip hop music Run Dmc and Areosmiths "Walk this Way" Bloodsugarsexmagic

Suge Knight

CEO of Death Row Records gangsta rap

MTV

Cable television opened the door for this; Debate over programming; Promotional videos at record companies' expense; Experimental videos synthesizing film and music; mostly for midwestern white families

Eurythmics

Combined synthesizer-pop and soul vocals "Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)," 1983

Relationship between heavy metal and rap

Conflict between old and new styles Similar paths of commercial development

Clear Channel

Conglomerate of radio stations monopolized the air waves; parent companies were owning 500 or so more.

Important Record Labels of the last 20 years

Def Jam; Epic; Atlantic; Motown

Speed Metal

Fast tempos and blazing guitar passages

Hip Hop Cultures

Grafitti; and Break Dancing Rights

Russel Simmons

Helped run Def Jam records with Rubin; Hip Hop Mogul

Riot Grrl

an underground feminist hardcore punk movement that originated in the early 1990s in Washington State (particularly Olympia) and the greater Pacific Northwest.

U2

built on the approach of the Police, with innovative song arrangements and artistic lyrics; has remained an important band to the present day. -Bono -Simple songs arranged in innovative ways -The Joshua Tree, 1987

Indie Rock

continued as underground music; independent labels, college radio, and annual festivals played an important role. Record Labels: Matador Merge Sub Pop College radio stations "Do it yourself" aesthetic; Beck and "Loser"

garage

electronic dance music that stemmed from 1970s clubs. Mix of electronic elements and traditional; Larry Levan and Paradise Garage in New York, and the New York style is often called...

Public Enemy(Listening)

"Don't Believe the Hype;" -simple verse chorus -4/4 -electric guitars, bass, drums, lead vocal, background vocal, saxophone, vocal samples, turntable -Chuck D performs vocals for verses and Flavor Flav performs each chorus -most of the musical material is drawn from samples -politically charged lyrics

Peter Gabriel (listening)

"Sledgehammer" -draws from the roots of rock and roll -lyrics are tribute to hokum blues in Joe turners "shake,rattle,and roll" -electric guitar, bass, drums, lead vocal, piano, synthesizer, horn -Playful attitude to sexuality -double meaning of title; sexual innuendo -influence of southern soul -two-part form -reflects southern soul approach -loose jam at the end of the song

Kurtis Blow

"The Breaks"

Liz Phair

-Chicago based -Exile in Guyville -Grass roots, DIY -hero to the gay community

Alanis Morissette

-Jagged Little Pill = best-selling rock album of the 90s -womens movement within alt rock -autobiographical lyrics -singer/songwriter

neo-traditionalists

80s rockers with deep roots in 60s & 70s Ex: John Cougar, Dire Straits, Tom Petty

Bruce Springsteen

A significant rocker. Relies on image of average working class guy Born in the USA, 1984 Came out the same year as Purple Rain Gravely, honest voice and was all about getting his message out there Sparse texture.

Lilith Fair

All female concert

Brian Eno

Ambient music producer of U2

ani Difranco

American singer, guitarist, multi-instrumentalist, poet, and songwriter. Folk Rock and Alternative Rock -ran her own label, righteous babe

The Indigo Girls

Atlanta-based Swamp Ophelia, 94 "lesbian band" singing about her own experiences

teen girls

Britney Spears Christina Aguilera

Prince

Broke the mold-->focused on guitar; sexually charged and androgynous figure; businessman

Ed Knoch

Bully mayor of NY who threw lots of Black Youth into jail with few reasons

West Coast Rap

Features a gang life or anti-police sentiment environments; Features funk samples; Laid back and cool music; Tupac, Snoop Dog, and Dr. Dre

East coast rap

Features poverty and crime environments; features jazz samples; Hard hitting or aggressive music featuring deejays and MCs; Examples of rappers include Nas, Mobb Deep, Gang Starr, and Biggie, P. Diddy

Video Killed the Radio Star

First MTV Video

Culture Club

Fronted by Boy George; "Do you really want to hurt me?"

West Coast gangsta rap

Ice-T/N.W.A.; Social criticism; Boogie Down Productions; Public Enemy; Queen Latifah Controversy over rap Criticized as not being "music" Racial and class-based tensions; Misogynistic

Sound Collage

In music, montage (literally "putting together") is a technique where newly branded sound objects or compositions, including songs, are created from collage, also known as montage.

house

In the 70's, Chicago DJs developed a style called.... which emphasizes the drum machine, synthesizers, and sequencers. Frankie Knuckles; Four on the floor Brass: Minimalistic=Few Elements

Tears for Fears

Influenced by primal scream therapy Serious lyrics, complicated music, long tracks "Everybody Wants to Rule the World," 1985; Synthesizer and guitar-heavy new wave sound

Jam Bands

Influenced by the Grateful Dead underground culture: phish blues traveler spin doctors dave matthews band

Kool Herc

Jamaican American DJ who is credited for originating hip hop music in the early 1970s in The Bronx, New York City First known DJ Use MC in performance

Hip Hop innovators

Kool Herc, Grandmaster Flash; Sugar Hill Gang; Public Enemy

Madonna(Listening)

Like a Virgin; Professional dancer "boy toy" image cast her as a sex object; Symbolic Videos; Popular NY club scene; Changed her image routinely; toed line between sacred and profane influence on spice girls

Bob Geldof

Live aid the event to bring awareness to famine in Ethiopia

Droptuning

Lowest string lowered one octave; Generally done in Grunge bands

Music Video Stars

Michael Jackson; Madonna; Prince; Janet Jackson; Duran Duran; Culture Club; Eurythmics; Tears for Fears

Mainstream EDM

Moby; Fatboy slim; Chemical Brothers; Good as recorded music, sometimes awkward to perform

Varese

Poeme Electronique; writing music with electronic sources

U2 (listening)

Pride (In the Name of Love); redefined the guitar and the sounds it can make; operatic voice -repeated-note guitar figured soaked in echo -lyrics about people who have given their lives in the name of love; social issues -repeated note guitar sound throughout -wailing chorus

Michael Jackson

Producer was Quincy Jones; Epic Records and ambitious music videos; Had highest selling album of all time; Songwriter was Rod Temperton

Women in Alternative Rock

Riot grrl; Alanis Morissette; Tori Amos; Indigo Girls; Annie Delfranco; The Indigo Girls.

electronic

Roots of this type of music are based in classical.

Def Jam Records

Run by Rubin and Simmons; Bigterm-81gest artists were the Beastie Boys and LL Cool J

Uncle Tupelo (listening)

Screen Door indie alternative country

Divas

Singing styles that showcased technical dexterity, ornamentation and expression; Whitney Houston and Mariah Carey

Duran Duran

Synthesizer and guitar-heavy new wave sound "The Reflex," 1983

Sampling

Taking bits and peices from another song Used with turn tables formed the basis for rap Beastie Boys "(You Gotta) Fight For Your Right (to Party!)," 1987

Scratching

The record is quickly and repeatedly rotated forward and reverse This creates a distinctive rhythm DJ and turntabling technique using to produce distinctive percussive or rhythmic sounds and sound effects by moving a vinyl record back and forth on a turntable while optionally manipulating the crossfader on a DJ mixer.

Female Pop Acts

The spice girls, Brittney Spears, Mariah Carey

Music Reality Shows

VH1 and MTV

Vocal Fry

Voice Creak in Christina Agulera's voice and Britney Spears'

Rod Temperton

Wrote many of Michael Jackson's songs

John Mellencamp

a Neo-traditionalist rocker that enjoyed commercial success beginning with his third album, American Fool (1982); he was from Indiana and crafted a small-town, midwestern image on stage and in his music.

Tom Petty

a neo-traditionalist rocker that had a 1960s-inspired style became more closely aligned with the new traditionalism approach in the 1980s;

Grunge

a style of rock music characterized by a raucous guitar sound and lazy vocal delivery; messy and raw, came from garage band sound

Hall and Oates

had connections with the rhythm and blues scene of the 1960s and '70s, particularly in Philadelphia, where ___ grew up.

Tori Amos

little earthquakes , 1991 singing about her own experiences "crucify"

heavy metal lyrics

macho attitude drug addiction death

Lou Pearlman

manager of NSYNC and Backstreet Boys. Was a con artists manipulator. Tipping point for when the music industry crashed.

Music Censorship

pmrc Parents music resource center is the new music bad for youth

British Heavy Metal

reacted to mainstream rock with a "return to heavy rock and roll," and they were often from working-class sections of England. Many English bands developed their music under the pop-industry radar; examples include: Judas Priest Iron Maiden (Mr. Page's Personal Favorite). Number of the Beast Ozzy Osbourne Solo -Blizzard of Ozz, 1980 Judas Priest -Breaking the law, 1980 Def Leppard Photograph, 1983 Musical features: Guitar-driven sound Pyrotechnical solos Relentless, heavy drumbeats

Sarah mclachlan

she was an innovator who came up with Lilith fair. Lilith fair: traveling female driven festival tour

wham

was successful in both the United States and the United Kingdom, as was Michael when he became a solo artist; George Michael and Michael Bolton both drew on the singing styles of 1960s black pop.

LA Reid

worked with boyz ii men; CEO of Def Jam for 5 years; Worked with Babyface Edmunds and Arista Records to create LAFace Records and produce TLC, Usher, and Toni Braxton; Helped Mirah Carey's career immensely