History Quiz 4

How did French armies during the French Revolution offer a mixed message to the people they conquered? a. They promised to retain local tradition and institutions but removed all of the older nobility and eliminated the power of the Catholic Church. b. They presented themselves as liberators to the peasants and middle class but seemed more like foreign invaders as they requisitioned food and supplies and plundered local treasure. c. They chose not to seize territory permanently for France but began to appoint French military commanders as new nobles in conquered lands. d. They spoke of peace and prosperity but instituted harsh purges of all political opponents and high new taxes to pay for the army.

b. They presented themselves as liberators to the peasants and middle class but seemed more like foreign invaders as they requisitioned food and supplies and plundered local treasure.

What was the economic effect of Napoleon's Continental System? a. French merchants and manufacturers profited from the monopoly they now held on continental trade. b. British merchants prospered, for the French merchants were now barred from British colonies. c. French artisans and the middle class suffered, for they were economically damaged by the blockade of Great Britain. d. British merchants and craftsmen lost their major market, deeply harming the British economy and the British tax base for its wars against France.

c. French artisans and the middle class suffered, for they were economically damaged by the blockade of Great Britain.

How did Napoleon consolidate his rule? a. He expanded certain civil rights, such as freedom of speech and freedom of the press. b. He presented himself as a true Son of the Revolution in contrast to the corruption of the Directory. c. He appealed both to disillusioned revolutionaries and members of the old nobility and offered them high posts in the expanding centralized state. d. He imposed harsh martial law that permitted no expression of dissent.

c. He appealed both to disillusioned revolutionaries and members of the old nobility and offered them high posts in the expanding centralized state.

Who wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Man (1790) and A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), the latter a founding text of the feminist movement? a. Olympe de Gouges b. Abigail Adams c. Mary Wollstonecraft d. Émilie du Châtelet

c. Mary Wollstonecraft

In Primary Source 19.3: Petition of the French Jews, what is the main argument for citizenship? a. If Protestants were granted civil rights, so, too, French Jews should be granted those same civil rights. b. Jews have no way to make a living unless they become citizens. c. Since civil rights are independent from religious principles, all men are equally able to serve the fatherland and should have the title of citizen. d. Extending citizenship to the French Jews would be the Christian thing to do.

c. Since civil rights are independent from religious principles, all men are equally able to serve the fatherland and should have the title of citizen.

How did the Concordat resolve the crisis over Catholicism in France in the Napoleonic era? a. The Catholic Church was again recognized as the state religion, which all citizens had to embrace or face prosecution under the law. b. The Catholic Church promised to promote French nationalism, while the French state agreed to abandon efforts to control church doctrine. c. The Catholic Church gained the right to practice religion freely, while the French state gained greater control over the nomination of church officers and church activities. d. The Catholic Church reclaimed full authority over the appointment of church officials, while the French state gained the right to oversee church finances.

c. The Catholic Church gained the right to practice religion freely, while the French state gained greater control over the nomination of church officers and church activities.

In Primary Source 19.1, what does Abigail Adams want John Adams to do when she asks him to "remember the ladies"? a. To include in the new code of laws some protection for women b. To finish his work at the Continental Congress as quickly as possible and return home c. To grant women full political rights d. To fight against the possibility of tyranny and unlimited power in politics

c. To grant women full political rights

In the summer of 1789, the National Assembly was driven toward more radical action by a. King Louis XVI's attempted flight from France. b. Maximilien de Robespierre's brilliant rhetoric. c. revolutionary actions of French peasants and the common people of Paris. d. the completion of the American constitution.

c. revolutionary actions of French peasants and the common people of Paris.

Which of the following correctly identifies Napoleon Bonaparte's background? a. He came from an impoverished Sardinian family. b. His campaign in Egypt was a great military success. c. He trained as a lawyer before joining the military. d. He won brilliant victories in Italy in 1796 and 1797.

d. He won brilliant victories in Italy in 1796 and 1797.

How did America's Constitutional Convention of 1787 deal with the discord between pro- and anti-slavery delegates? a. It decided that slavery would not be permitted in new states formed after the Constitution's ratification. b. It took no action because many delegates believed slavery would end in the near future as it became less and less profitable. c. It decided that a new state would make the decision whether to permit slavery itself before seeking admission to the Union. d. It compromised by stipulating that an enslaved person would count as three-fifths of a person for purposes of taxation and proportional representation in the House of Representatives.

d. It compromised by stipulating that an enslaved person would count as three-fifths of a person for purposes of taxation and proportional representation in the House of Representatives.

After the arrest and deportation of Toussaint L'Ouverture, how was the war of Haitian Independence resolved? a. A rival to L'Ouverture, André Rigaud, defeated the French forces and declared Haitian independence. b. The British invaded Saint-Domingue and, after defeating the French, allowed the Haitians to form the sovereign nation of Haiti. c. The Spanish invaded from their colony of Santo Domingo, defeated the French, and allowed the formation of the sovereign nation of Haiti. d. Jean-Jacques Dessalines, L'Ouverture's lieutenant, led the resistance to a crushing victory over the French and later declared Haitian independence.

d. Jean-Jacques Dessalines, L'Ouverture's lieutenant, led the resistance to a crushing victory over the French and later declared Haitian independence.

The men elected to represent the third estate at the Estates General were primarily a. lawyers and government officials. b. wealthy peasants. c. provincial nobles. d. businessmen.

a. lawyers and government officials.

In the summer of 1789, the National Assembly was driven toward more radical action by a. the completion of the American constitution. b. King Louis XVI's attempted flight from France. c. revolutionary actions of French peasants and the common people of Paris. d. Maximilien de Robespierre's brilliant rhetoric.

c. revolutionary actions of French peasants and the common people of Paris.

Who predicted in Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790) that reform like that occurring in France would lead only to chaos and tyranny? a.Abbé de Sieyès b. Mary Wollstonecraft c. Thomas Paine d. Edmund Burke

d. Edmund Burke

Why did the French commissioners in Saint-Domingue abolish slavery in 1793? a. They were desperate to rally the rebel slaves to the French cause against the Spanish and English forces on the island. b. They were captured by slave armies and forced to issue the edict abolishing slavery. c. They were required by the Committee of Public Safety to apply the principles of liberty and equality to all French lands. d. The British and Spanish had already outlawed slavery; the French commissionaires feared a rebellion if they did not do likewise.

a. They were desperate to rally the rebel slaves to the French cause against the Spanish and English forces on the island.

In the wake of the Great Fear in the summer of 1789, the National Assembly restored order by a. reducing taxes on agricultural products. b. calling up army and militia units to suppress the rebellious peasants. c. abolishing all of the old noble and church privileges. d. promising to reestablish the control on bread prices.

c. abolishing all of the old noble and church privileges.

In the 1780s, over 50 percent of France's annual budget was expended on a. bread subsidies for the poor. b. the military. c. interest payments on the debt. d. the royal court.

c. interest payments on the debt.

By July 1794, how had the central government in Paris managed to reassert control over the provinces and gain momentum against the First Coalition? a. It harnessed the explosive forces of a planned economy, revolutionary terror, and modern nationalism into a total war effort. b. It used its control over bread supplies to starve the provinces into obedience. c. It bribed local officials by placing them into high government offices. d. It negotiated peace arrangements with all of the provinces, offering them control over conquered foreign territories.

a. It harnessed the explosive forces of a planned economy, revolutionary terror, and modern nationalism into a total war effort.

Who forced the king and the royal family to abandon Versailles and return to Paris? a. The peasants involved in the Great Fear b. The rioters of the Bastille c. The National Assembly d. Several thousand Parisian women

d. Several thousand Parisian women

Why was the Declaration of Independence so important to the American Revolution? a. It universalized the traditional rights of English people and made them the rights of all mankind. b. It was a brilliant summation of the ideas in Thomas Paine's Common Sense. c. It emphasized the unyielding response of the British government to American protests. d. It was a stirring indictment of the Loyalists and their failure to support the revolution.

a. It universalized the traditional rights of English people and made them the rights of all mankind.

What two fundamental principles of the French Revolution were incorporated into the Napoleonic Code? a. The rejection of monarchy and the adoption of republicanism b. The ideal of nationalism and the guarantee of civil rights to all people c. The abolition of slavery and the recognition of freedom of religion d. The equality of all male citizens before the law and the absolute security of wealth and private property

d. The equality of all male citizens before the law and the absolute security of wealth and private property

How did the delegates to the Legislative Assembly that convened in October 1791 differ from the delegates to the Estates General/National Assembly? a. They were drawn mostly from the provinces and rural countryside. b. They were younger and less cautious; many joined political clubs. c. They were more experienced politicians with a strong commitment to reforming the nation. d. They were more sympathetic to the monarchy.

b. They were younger and less cautious; many joined political clubs.

Why did Great Britain seek to raise taxes on its American colonies in the 1760s? a. Great Britain sought to prepare the colonies for eventual independence by establishing local governments with existing systems of taxation. b. After doubling its national debt in the Seven Years' War, Great Britain sought to tax the American colonies to fund the further defense of the colonies. c. British merchant shipping to the colonies was under increased attack from pirates and hostile forces, requiring the British to provide expensive naval convoys. d. The rising cost of increasingly elaborate court ceremonies forced the government to seek tax increases on all its territories.

b. After doubling its national debt in the Seven Years' War, Great Britain sought to tax the American colonies to fund the further defense of the colonies.x

In Primary Source 19.2: What Is the Third Estate?, what does the Abbé de Sieyès say about the third estate? a. The third estate is much larger than the first and the second estates. b. The third estate contains everything that pertains to the nation, and thus it is everything. c. The third estate wants to have the same privileges the second estate has. d. The first and second estates have always unfairly dominated the third estate.

b. The third estate contains everything that pertains to the nation, and thus it is everything.

According to Olympe de Gouges, a. women should enjoy special rights and privileges. b. men and women should be equal in the eyes of the law. c. it was natural to exclude women from the political process. d. monarchy was the most oppressive form of government.

b. men and women should be equal in the eyes of the law.