History Social Impact of the Industrial revolution

What did john wesley stress and encourage?

He stressed the need for a personal sense of faith. He encouraged his followers to improve themselves by adopting sober, moral ways.

Eventually, what rights did labor unions win?

Labor unions won the right to bargain with employers for better wages, hours, and working conditions. Eventually working class-men gained the right to vote which gave them political power

List three reasons why factory workers hired women more than men.

-thought they could more easily adapt to machines -were easier to manage -only had to pay them half of what men were paid

Describe the positive effects of the industrial revolution.

As demand for mass-produced goods grew, new factories opened, which in turn created more jobs. Wages rose so that workers had enough left after paying rent and buying food to buy a newspaper or visit a music hall. As the cost of railroad travel fell, people could visit family in other towns

What did the "Factory Acts" attempt to do ?

Attempted to reduce a child's workday to 12 hours and remove children under the age of 8 or 9 from the cotton mills.

What did the growth of industry and rapid population growth dramatically change ?

the location and distribution of labor and people.

Urbanization

Movement of people from rural areas to cities

How old were children when they started to work in factories and mines?

seven or eight and some as young as five

Who founded the Methodist church?

John Wesley

How long were the working hours in the early factories of the industrial revolution?

12 to 16 hour long shifts 6 to 7 days a week.

Tenement

A building in which several families rent rooms or apartments, often with little sanitation or safety

Labor unions

An organization formed by workers to strive for better wages and working conditions. At the time they were illegal

Describe the negative effects of industrialization on the market town of Manchester during the 1700's

During the 1700's, small market towns grew into factories. The population soared to 40,00 by 1780 and 70,000 by 1801. People described the "cloud of coal vapor" that polluted the air, the pounding noise of steam engines, and the filthy stench of its river.

What was at the heart of the new industrial city?

Factories

What religion did working-class people find comfort in?

Methodism

What affect did methodists have on workers?

Methodist helped channel workers' anger away from the revolution and toward reform.

Describe how middle-class families lived during the industrial revolution.

Middle-class families lived in well-furnished, spacious homes on paved streets and had a ready supply of water. They wore fancy clothing and ate well. The new middle class took pride in their hard work and their determination to "get ahead". Only few had sympathy for the poor.

Who benefited the most from the industrial revolution?

The entrepreneurs

Contrast the difference between entrepenurs (middle class) and the millions of workers during the early years of the industrial revolution.

The industrial revolution brought great riches to the majority of the entrepreneurs who helped set it in motion. However, for the millions of workers who supported the industrial revolution had to crowd into the new factories with little to no reward. They often lived in poverty and had harsh living conditions.

Compare the new middle class of the industrial revolution with that of the working class.

The industrial revolution created a new middle class along with the working class. Those in the middle class owned and operated the new factories, mines, and railroads among other industries. Their lifestyle was much more comfortable than that of the industrial working class. When farm families moved to the new industrial cities, they became worker in the mines or factories. Many felt lost and bewildered. They faced tough working conditions in uncomfortable environments. In time, factory and mine workers developed their own sense of community despite the terrible working conditions.

Describe how the poor lived during the early years of the industrial revolution.

The vast number of poor struggled to survive in foul-smelling slums. They packed into tiny rooms in tenements. These tenements had no running water, only a community pump. There was no sewage or sanitation system, so wastes and garbage rotted in the streets. Sewage was also dumped into rivers, which created an overwhelming stench and contaminated drinking water. This led to the spread of disease, such as cholera.

How and why did some workers resort to violence?

Their inability to effect changes often led to frustration and violence. Groups of textile workers known as the Luddites resisted the labor-saving machines that were costing them their jobs. Some of them smashed textile machines with sledgehammers and burned factories. They usually wore masks and operated at night.

What did British lawmakers do to ensure that the factory act laws were enforced?

They formed teams of inspectors.

why couldn't labor unions effect reform of the workers' situation?

They had no political power.

Contrast how the women of the middle class and the women of the wealthy looked after their children.

Women of the middle class did not leave their home to work but instead focused their energy on raising their children. This contrasted with the wealthy, who had maidservants to look after their children.

What were the children of the working class doing?

Working

In time, what can be accurately said about all levels in society as a result of industrialization?

a. In time, reforms would curb many of the worst abuses of the early industrial age in Europe and the Americas. As standards of living increased, people at all levels of society would benefit from industrialization. Until then, working people would suffer with dangerous working conditions; unsafe, unsanitary, and overcrowded housing; and unrelenting poverty.