History SOL Practice

What is a polis?

A Greek city-state.

On what continent were the earliest human fossils found?

Africa.

The dramatic changes in the Neolithic Revolution were caused mainly by the invention of?

Agriculture and farming.

Which famous Macedonian king conquered the Persian Empire?

Alexander.

Name the major scientific advancement made by the Muslims in the field of Math?

Algebra.

Which Indian ruler is famous for sending missionaries to spread Buddhism?

Ashoka.

What Greek city-state is considered to be the major influence on western political thought?

Athens.

Name the most famous Barbarian invader of the Roman Empire?

Atilla.

Who was the first emperor of Rome?

Augustus.

This central American civilization was located on a lake in the Central Valley of Mexico and was ruled by an Emperor.

Aztec.

Why were Christians persecuted by the Roman government?

Because they wouldn't convert to their religion.

This religion became popular in much of Africa after being spread from the Middle East through the trade routes.

Islam.

This prince of Moscow was the first to use the term "Czar" and successfully overthrew Mongol rule in Russia.

Ivan III.

Name the city that has the most religious importance to Jews, Muslims, and Christians?

Jerusalem.

This French peasant girl will help lead the French army to several victories and crown Charles VII the king of Frank during the 100 Years War.

Joan of Arc.

This man of the Northern Renaissance invented the moveable-type printing press and then famously printed a copy of the Bible.

Johann Gutenberg.

Which Roman general is famous for conquering Gaul, becoming "Dictator for Life" and being assassinated in the Roman senate?

Julius Caesar.

Which emperor brought the Byzantine Empire to its greatest height?

Justinian.

Which inefficient English king abused his power and was forced by nobles to sign the Magna Carta in 1215?

King John.

This multi-talented leader united his forces to fight against European Crusaders and kept control of Jerusalem.

Leonardo Da Vinci.

When a Chinese dynasty would begin to decline, it was said that the leaders of that dynasty had lost the what?

Mandate of Heaven.

What city do Muslims pray towards?

Mecca.

Where id Muhammad begin teaching Islam?

Mecca.

Where is the location of the Kaaba, the most holy Muslim shrine?

Mecca.

This artist created the sculpture "David" and famously painted the Sistine Chapel ceiling in Rome.

Michelangelo.

What is the term that describes the belief in one god?

Monotheism.

Greece did not have the best type of farmland because it was dominated by what geographic feature?

Mountains.

Who is considered the last and greatest prophet?

Muhammed.

This writer of "The Prince" believed that a ruler should do whatever is necessary to achieve his goals and to keep control.

Niccolo Machiavelli.

This rebirth of art and learning in Northern Europe included the development of the printing press, increased awareness of religious ideas, and was helped along by growing wealth in the area.

Northern Renaissance.

This English legislative body was created in the 1200's to give the people representation and it included the House of Lords and House of Commons.

Parliament.

Who is most famous for spreading Christianity after the death of Jesus?

Paul.

After Augustus takes control of Rome a period of peace and prosperity begins that will last for 200 years called the?

Pax Romana.

Which Athenian leader is famous for leading Athens through a Golden Age?

Pericles.

Who fought against who in the Persian Wars?

Persian and Greece.

What is the term that describes the belief in more than one god?

Polytheism.

This religious leader issued the call to Christian forces in 1095 to begin the Crusades against Muslim forces for the Holy Land.

Pope Urban II.

This term means "rebirth" and refers to a period of art and learning in Europe.

Renaissance.

This English king led the 3rd Crusade against Muslim forces.

Richard Lionheart.

What two sides were fighting in the Punic Wars?

Rome and Carthage.

This Muslim leader united his forces to fight against European Crusaders and kept control of Jerusalem.

Saladin.

Who was the first emperor to unite China during the Qin Dynasty, famous for building the Great Wall of China?

Shi Huang Di.

Name the two dominant religions in Japan?

Shinto and Buddhism.

Name the title for the military warlord that rules Japan in the name of the Japanese emperor?

Shogun.

Who is the Founder of Buddhism?

Siddhartha Gautama.

Identify three important inventions/trade goods that come from China?

Silk, porcelain, and paper.

Who is considered the father of Western Philosophy and was sentenced to death by his peers for corrupting the youth?

Socrates.

Which city was the most dominant cultural center of the West African Empires (Ghana, Mali, Songhai)?

Timbuktu.

What is the Holy book of the Hebrews?

Torah.

Who is the most famous Roman writer? (he wrote the Aeneid)

Virgil.

What were the two most famous trade goods exchanged on the Trans-Sahara trade route?

Gold and salt.

Which Mesopotamian's King developed the first code of written laws?

Hammurabi.

This English Humanist wrote the book "Utopia" about his idea of a perfect society.

Thomas More.

Who was the Duke from Normandy who led the Norman Conquest of England, in which he united the country with part of France?

William the Conqueror.

These were major items traded on the Trans-Sahara trade route connecting North Africa with the West African kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai.

Gold and salt.

After the overthrowing the monarchy, what type of government does Rome eventually become?

A Republic.

Who is the founder of Judaism?

Abraham.

This religion was spread to Japan by China and Korea.

Buddhism.

This was the new name given to Constantinople when the Ottoman Turks conquered the city in 1453.

Byzantine.

Who was considered the greatest Frankish king of the middle ages and was named emperor by the Pope in the year 800 CE?

Charlemagne.

Japan was most influenced by what civilization?

China.

Russian Princes would convert to which religion?

Christianity.

Name the first Frankish king to unite Gaul and convert to Christianity?

Clovis.

Who is China's most influential scholar?

Confucius.

Why ended the persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire?

Constantine turning into a Christian and making it the official religion.

What was the name of the new capital city of Rome after it was relocated by Constantine?

Constantinople.

What is the writing system from Sumeria, Mesopotamia called?

Cuneiform.

Which Persian king of famous for being a brilliant government administrator and creating an early Imperial Bureaucracy?

Darius.

This Humanist man of the Northern Renaissance wrote "In Praise of Folly" but was still strongly devoted to Christianity.

Desiderius Erasmus.

What is the process called when early people tame wild animals?

Domestication.

Name two tyrants attributed with making democratic reforms that helped create the first democracy in Athens.

Draco and Solon.

The Great Schism of 1054 split the Christian church into what to factions?

Easter/Greek Orthodox and Western/Roman Catholic.

What river-valley civilization is found on the Nile River?

Egypt.

What are the 5 main responsibilities of a Muslim known as in Islam?

Faith, Prayer, Alms, Fasting, Pilgrimage.

Name the political system of Europe during the Middle Ages that involves an exchange of land for loyalty and military service?

Feudalism.

These Italian city-states were major trade centers during the Middle Ages and became important during the Renaissance.

Florence, Venice, and Genoa.

What is the writing system used in Egypt?

Hieroglyphics.

What physical barrier separates the Indian subcontinent from China?

Himalayas.

Who was the most famous storyteller in Greece?

Homer.

This French king started the Capetian dynasty in France.

Hugh Capet.

This conflict was fought between England and France beginning in the 1300's over control of French territory.

Hundred Years' War.

Name the group of "successors" that ruled a united Islamic empire after the death of Muhammad?

The 4 rightly guided caliphs.

Charles Martel led the Franks to victory against the invading Muslim army in what famous battle in 732 CE?

The Battle of Tours.

This illness that swept Asia, North Africa, and Europe was also known as the Bubonic Plague and led to the final downfall of the feudal system and changes in the role of the serf/peasant.

The Black Death.

The People of Russia (and those that conquered Russia) were most influenced by what civilization/empire?

The Byzantine Empire.

Name the rigid Hindu system that determines your class by birth?

The Caste System.

This military campaign was launched by Western European Christians to regain the holy land of Jerusalem, featuring Christians fighting against Muslims.

The Crusades.

Which Native American civilization was located in the South American Andes Mountains?

The Incas.

This early American civilization was arranged in city-states on the Yucatan Peninsula in present-day Mexico and made the major contribution of an accurate calendar.

The Maya.

For over 200 years, Russia had been conquered and dominated by which invading civilization?

The Mongols.

This group came from the plains north of China to conquer an empire that included China and Russia.

The Mongols.

What is the name of the Christian Holy Book?

The New Testament.

Athens fought against Sparta in what war?

The Peloponnesian War.

What is the first Chinese Dynasty that we have written evidence of?

The Shang Dynasty.

Name the two main sects that Islam splits into?

The Shia and the Sunni.

What was the famous trade route that connected China with Rome?

The Silk Road.

Name the first written code of laws of Rome?

The Twelve Tables.

Name the two most sacred Hindu writings?

The Veda and Upanishad.

Name the "barbarian" group that invaded Europe from Scandinavia starting around 800 CE?

The Vikings.

What is the most famous contribution of the Phoenicians?

The alphabet.