HLTH 231 chapter 8

Which of the following is TRUE about routes of drug administration? Drugs can't be absorbed through the skin. Intravenous injection is the most dangerous method of administration. Drugs taken orally reach the bloodstream faster than drugs taken by inhalation. The least effective route of administration is by inhalation.

Intravenous injection is the most dangerous method of administration.

Which of the following is TRUE about psilocybin? Its physical effects wear off in 1-2 hours. It is similar to marijuana in its physical effects. It can cause hallucinations. It is the active chemical in a type of grass.

It can cause hallucinations.

Which of the following is NOT true about PCP? It can cause nausea and vomiting and reduce heart and respiratory rate. Its effects are unpredictable. It was first used as an anesthetic. It is still used for surgery in some states.

It is still used for surgery in some states.

Which of the following is true about drug abuse treatment? In most cases, an addiction to drugs or alcohol can be considered cured once detoxification has been achieved. Only 10% of Americans addicted to drugs or alcohol receive treatment. Treating drug and alcohol abuse is much more costly in the long run than not treating. One out of every 100 Americans age 12 or older needed treatment for drug or alcohol abuse in 2015.

Only 10% of Americans addicted to drugs or alcohol receive treatment.

The interaction of two or more drugs at the same receptor site in which one blocks the action of the other is cross-tolerance. intolerance. antagonism. synergism.

antagonism.

Diet pills contain ingredients such as caffeine, and can therefore act in what way on the body? as a depressant as a stimulant as a hallucinogen as a narcotic

as a stimulant

Stimulants act by increasing the activity of the central nervous system. parasympathetic nervous system. peripheral nervous system. autonomic nervous system.

central nervous system.

When drugs activate the brain's pleasure circuit, what neurotransmitter is involved? dopamine ketamine melamine amphetamine

dopamine

David spends four hours a day lifting weights and is at the point of obsession about his fitness routine to the extent that he will miss classes and outings with friends so he can go to the gym. He most likely suffers from which of the following disorders? exercise addiction bulimia anorexia nervosa bipolar disorder

exercise addiction

All of the following drugs are used to treat opioid addiction EXCEPT naltrexone (Trexan). buprenorphine (Temgesic). methamphetamine. methadone.

methamphetamine.

In a synergistic drug interaction one drug blocks the action of another drug. an individual develops a tolerance to one drug that increases his or her tolerance to another drug. two drugs multiply each other's effects. two or more drugs combine to produce extremely uncomfortable reactions.

two drugs multiply each other's effects.

All of the following statements about the effects of chronic marijuana use are true EXCEPT: The lungs of marijuana smokers are exposed to more tar per breath than the lungs of tobacco smokers. Men who use marijuana weekly or more often have about twice the risk for testicular cancer as men who do not use marijuana. Vaping marijuana is associated with fewer adverse effects on the lungs than smoking marijuana. Marijuana use during pregnancy causes subtle brain changes that increase the risk for memory and attention problems in offspring.

Vaping marijuana is associated with fewer adverse effects on the lungs than smoking marijuana.

Chemical vapors in household products such as varnish, glues, and gasoline are examples of inhalants. over-the-counter drugs. stimulants. club drugs.

inhalants.

Compulsive buying disorder is often associated with financial problems. eating. lying. exercise.

financial problems.

Using a nicotine patch for smoking cessation is an example of which route of administration? oral ingestion transdermal injection inhalation

transdermal

Which of the following is TRUE about steroids? Adverse effects include mood swings, elevated cholesterol levels, acne, and hypertension. Use in intercollegiate sports has been increasing over the past two decades. They are used to produce a lean and streamlined physique and to enhance aerobic capacity. They are used more by women than men.

Adverse effects include mood swings, elevated cholesterol levels, acne, and hypertension.

Which of the following is TRUE about gambling addictions? Most compulsive gamblers seek a high from the excitement even more than from money. Gambling problems are greater among individuals with high socioeconomic status. Gambling problems do not tend to become worse over time. People with a compulsive gambling disorder and people who abuse drugs have entirely different cravings and highs.

Most compulsive gamblers seek a high from the excitement even more than from money.

Which of the following is TRUE about over-the-counter drugs? Some require a prescription. They are monitored under the care of a physician. They cannot be abused. They can be abused.

They can be abused.

Psychoactive drugs have which type of effect on the body? They depress or slow all body functions. They speed up energy metabolism and body movements. They potentiate the effect of other drugs on the nervous system. They enhance, suppress, or interfere with the actions of neurotransmitters.

They enhance, suppress, or interfere with the actions of neurotransmitters.

The excessive use of a drug is abuse. tolerance. dependence. misuse.

abuse.

The most popular form of LSD is a powder that is snorted. blotter acid that is swallowed or chewed. a liquid that is injected into the veins. a pill that is swallowed.

blotter acid that is swallowed or chewed.

People with a physiological dependence on a substance, such as an addictive drug, will experience neither tolerance nor withdrawal. both tolerance and withdrawal. tolerance but not withdrawal. withdrawal but not tolerance.

both tolerance and withdrawal.

Bath salts can produce anxiety, agitation, hallucinations, and paranoia when used at high doses. can cause a rapid drop in blood pressure and heart rate when ingested, snorted, or injected. are a relatively new form of MDMA. are powders that release an intoxicating fragrance when poured into hot water.

can produce anxiety, agitation, hallucinations, and paranoia when used at high doses.

Which of the following is an example of a process addiction? compulsive gambling a disciplined exercise routine alcoholism regular Internet use

compulsive gambling

Jason doesn't see that his addiction to heroin is self-destructive. He is experiencing obsession. denial. compulsion. loss of control.

denial.

The process of freeing the body from an addictive substance is known as rehabilitation. detoxification. mainlining. counseling.

detoxification.

Using a drug for a purpose other than that for which it is intended is drug abuse. drug use. drug tolerance. drug misuse.

drug misuse.

Anabolic steroids are a type of anti-psychotic drug. hallucinogenic drug. ergogenic drug. testosterone-reducing drug.

ergogenic drug.

Addictive substances and behaviors eventually lose their hold on a person over time. do not necessarily have negative consequences. involve some type of substance abuse. have the potential to produce a positive mood change.

have the potential to produce a positive mood change.

A large dose of cocaine can cause a sustained high. decreased heart rate and blood pressure. increased appetite and fatigue. increased heart rate and blood pressure.

increased heart rate and blood pressure.

To help him fight his addiction to alcohol, Andy's physician has prescribed a drug that will make him feel intensely uncomfortable if he drinks alcohol. This type of response is called synergism. antagonism. intolerance. cross-tolerance.

intolerance.

The so-called pleasure circuit is activated when the pituitary gland releases hormones related to pleasure into the bloodstream. spans the brain, sensory receptors in the skin, and motor neurons attached to muscles. is also known as the mesolimbic dopamine system. includes the central nervous system, the endocrine system, and the immune system.

is also known as the mesolimbic dopamine system.

Mescaline is a depressant. is usually dried, crushed to a powder, and smoked. is derived from a cactus. has few side effects.

is derived from a cactus.

Marijuana today is not subject to state or federal drug laws. legal for medical purposes in 28 states. not able to be orally ingested. less of a health risk than it used to be.

legal for medical purposes in 28 states.

Ecstasy is a stimulant and a(n) narcotic. anesthetic. antidepressant. mild hallucinogen.

mild hallucinogen.

Which type of drug is defined as having the potential to alter a person's mood or behavior? recreational drug psychoactive drug over-the-counter drug illicit drug

psychoactive drug

Therapeutic communities are a type of individual therapy. 12-step program. residential treatment. outpatient behavioral treatment.

residential treatment.

Marijuana use presents clear dangers to those driving motor vehicles (as well as others on the road) because it negatively affects night vision. is a known carcinogen. slows reaction time and impedes decision making. may cause seizures.

slows reaction time and impedes decision making.

Marijuana is administered therapeutically for all of the following reasons EXCEPT to reduce appetite for weight control. to reduce the muscle pain and spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis. to forestall loss of lean muscle mass due to AIDS-wasting syndrome. to control side effects of chemotherapy such as nausea and vomiting.

to reduce appetite for weight control.

Which of the following statements about Internet addiction is true? A majority of college students report that Internet use and computer games have interfered with their academic performance. An estimated 2% of Internet users experience Internet addiction. Middle-age adults are more likely to become addicted to the Internet than young adults. People with Internet addiction tend to have lower grades and poorer job performance than others who are not addicted.

People with Internet addiction tend to have lower grades and poorer job performance than others who are not addicted.

Chelsea occasionally takes aspirin to relieve a headache. Chelsea is likely to develop cross-tolerance. engaging in drug abuse. using a transdermal drug. using an over-the-counter (OTC) drug.

using an over-the-counter (OTC) drug.

Which of the following statements is TRUE of cocaine? It is a central nervous system depressant. It is available in only one form. It is sometimes prescribed in moderation as an antidepressant. It is an anesthetic and a stimulant.

It is an anesthetic and a stimulant.

Which of the following is NOT true of methamphetamine? It takes long-term use to develop tolerance. It can be snorted, smoked, injected, or orally ingested. It can produce a high lasting over 8 hours when smoked. It destroys dopamine receptors.

It takes long-term use to develop tolerance.

Over-the-counter drugs commonly abused by teens and young adults include diuretics, vitamins, and herbal supplements. pain relievers, muscle relaxants, and sleep aids. cough and cold medicines and diet and sleep aids. antacids, pain relievers, and diet aids.

cough and cold medicines and diet and sleep aids.