HLTH 231 Exam 2 (Ch. 8-12, & 16)
A driver is "usually impaired" at a blood alcohol concentration of
0.05 to 0.07 percent.
A driver is always impaired when he or she has a blood alcohol concentration of
0.08 percent or higher.
Earth's average temperature has risen by how much in the past 100 years?
1.5 F
Climate scientists project that Earth's average temperature could rise by a maximum of how much in the next 100 years?
11.5 F
One standard drink equals
12 ounces of beet or 1.5 ounces of 80 proof liquor.
The 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommend what minimum amount of moderate-intensity exercise for adults?
150 minutes per week
How many Americans suffer from health disorders caused by tobacco?
16 million
What percentage of Americans abstain from drinking alcohol?
21 percent
An average adult has
25 to 35 billion fat cells.
Which of the following people would be most likely to notice the effects of an age-related decline in metabolic rate?
30-year-old computer programmer
Which of the following waist measurements indicates an increased health risk?
38 inches in a female
How long does it take for the average adult to metabolize four 12-ounce beers?
4 hours
Binge drinking is defined for the typical adult as
4 or more drinks for females or 5 or more drinks for males in about two hours.
Approximately what percentage of Americans consume alcoholic beverages regularly?
50 percent
What is the percentage of alcohol in 100 proof whiskey?
50 percent
What percentage of a person's body weight is water?
50 to 70 percent
In hypothermia, death usually occurs when body core temperature drops to
75-80 F
What percentage of fruits and vegetables is water?
80 to 95 percent
According to experts, up to what percentage of trash is recyclable?
90 percent
Which of the following statements about dietary supplements is true?
A majority of Americans takes at least one dietary supplement.
What is the difference between a portion and a serving?
A serving is the recommended amount to be consumed, and a portion is the amount you choose to eat.
Stimulants such as Ritalin or Adderall are commonly prescribed to treat
ADHD
Which of the following is TRUE about steroids?
Adverse effects include mood swings, elevated cholesterol levels, acne, and hypertension
Which of the following is TRUE with respect to global health and alcohol use?
Almost 4 percent of all deaths worldwide are attributed to alcohol.
Which of the following is TRUE about environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)?
Between 1988 and 2008, detectable levels of nicotine exposure in nonsmokers decreased.
An NIAAA approach to reducing alcohol consumption on campus is
Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students.
Which of the following is a good tip for simple, healthy eating while going to college?
Bring along snacks such as dried fruit, nuts, or a banana.
How can you eat well and save money when living as a student on a tight budget?
Buy and eat fruit and vegetables when they are in season.
Which of the following is TRUE about calories?
Calories are a unit of measure of the energy obtained from food.
Which of the following is TRUE with respect to genetics and obesity?
Certain genes might influence obesity by altering regulation of a hormone called ghrelin.
Which of the following countries has the largest population?
China
Which of the following is an FDA-approved prescription weight loss drug?
Contrave
Taking a large amount of this vitamin can be toxic because excess amounts can accumulate in the liver.
D
When a clinician measures a person's body fat by using x-rays to differentiate between bone, lean, and fat tissue, the process being used is the
DXA method.
Which of the following is TRUE about inhalants?
Doses are difficult to control because of individual lung capacities
If you know you will be at an event where alcohol will be served, what can you do to drink responsibly?
Eat shortly before you go and alternate alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks.
Which of the following statements about college drinking is TRUE?
Female college students' alcohol consumption is close to that of male college students.
The following are all tips for mindful eating EXCEPT:
Finish all of the food on your plate.
Which of the following statements about food waste is TRUE?
Food waste is the largest source of U.S. municipal solid waste.
High blood levels of this type of cholesterol appear to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, or cholesterol-clogged arteries.
HDL
Which of the following statements about hookas is true?
Hooka use has been linked to an increased risk for periodontal disease.
Which of the following is TRUE about routes of drug administration?
Intravenous injection is the most dangerous method of administration.
Which of the following is TRUE about psilocybin?
It can cause hallucinations
Which of the following statements about acid deposition is TRUE?
It causes lakes and ponds to turn a crystal-clear deep blue.
What effect does carbon monoxide have on the body?
It diminishes the oxygen-carrying capacity of the red blood cells.
Which of the following statements about the 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act is TRUE?
It established a Superfund to clean up hazardous waste sites throughout the United States.
Which statement BEST summarizes what happens when particulate matter condenses in the lungs?
It forms tar, which is a thick, brownish sludge.
Which statement about heat exhaustion is TRUE?
It is a mild form of shock.
Which of the following is TRUE about target heart rate?
It is a percentage of your maximum heart rate.
Which of the following statements about nicotine is TRUE?
It is a powerful central nervous system stimulant
Which of the following statements is TRUE of cocaine?
It is an anesthetic and a stimulant
Which of the following is FALSE about hypothermia?
It is caused by prolonged exposure to temperatures below 32 degrees Fahrenheit.
Which of the following BEST describes appetite?
It is more psychological than physiological.
Which of the following is NOT true about PCP?
It is still used for surgery in some states
Which of the following is FALSE about fiber?
It is the digestible portion of plant foods.
Which of the following is NOT true of methamphetamine?
It takes long-term use to develop tolerance
Which of the following is NOT true about a hangover?
It usually takes 1-2 hours to recover from a hangover.
Regular aerobic exercise can reduce which type of cholesterol, known as "bad cholesterol"?
LDLs
Which of the following would NOT be good advice for someone who is purchasing running shoes?
Make sure there is no extra room in the toe box.
Which of the following statement about sports-related injuries is true?
More than two-thirds of head injuries among cyclists could be prevented by wearing a helmet.
Which of the following is TRUE about gambling addictions?
Most compulsive gamblers seek a high from the excitement even more than from money
Which of the following is true about drug abuse treatment?
Only 10% of Americans addicted to drugs or alcohol receive treatment
Which of the following is TRUE of drinking and driving?
Over the last 20 years, the percentage of intoxicated drivers involved in fatal crashes has decreased.
Which of the following statements about Internet addiction is true?
People with Internet addiction tend to have lower grades and poorer job performance than others who are not addicted.
Which form of exercise helps develop core strength by combining stretching with movement against resistance, often involving the use of devices such as tension springs or heavy rubber bands?
Pilates
Which of the following is FALSE about weight management?
Short-term diets are as effective as long-term behavior modification.
Which of the following is TRUE about Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)?
They are the reference standard for intake levels necessary to meet the needs of most healthy individuals.
Which of the following is TRUE about over-the-counter drugs?
They can be abused
Psychoactive drugs have which type of effect on the body?
They enhance, suppress, or interfere with the actions of neurotransmitters
Which of the following is a TRUE statement?
Tobacco is known to cause about 20 diseases.
All of the following statements about the effects of chronic marijuana use are true EXCEPT:
Vaping marijuana is associated with fewer adverse effects on the lungs than smoking marijuana
Which of the following is TRUE about women and alcoholism?
Women get addicted faster with less alcohol use than men.
Which of the following is TRUE with respect to the health effects of smoking?
Women who smoke are more likely to have fertility problems than non-smokers.
Which of the following is FALSE about smokeless tobacco?
Young people's use of smokeless tobacco has been declining steadily since 1999.
Which of the following is a smoking cessation medication?
Zyban
Aaron is trying to lose weight but he still wants a beverage while he is studying. A good choice might be
a cup of low-sodium broth.
A substance intended to affect the structure or function of the body or mind through chemical action is
a drug
Climate change is
a shift in patterns of temperature, precipitation, and frequency of catastrophic storms.
Fossil fuels are
a significant source of carbon emissions.
An example of an exercise to build core strength would be
abdominal curl-ups.
When doing some form of aerobic exercise, you are at a moderate level of intensity when you are
able to converse with someone.
The average person in the United States generates how many pounds of municipal solid waste each day?
about 4.5
The excessive use of a drug is
abuse
The toxic chemical byproduct of alcohol metabolism that causes nausea and vomiting is called
acetaldehyde.
When an individual's body increases its metabolic rate to compensate for an increased food intake, this is the process known as
adaptive thermogenesis.
The updated Nutrition Facts panel adds information about amount of which of the following in a serving of food?
added sugars
Which inexpensive device can be attached to faucets to reduce water consumptions?
aerator
What type of exercise is BEST for improving cardiorespiratory fitness?
aerobic
Marketing of tobacco products currently targets all of the following EXCEPT
affluent citizens through community-based events.
Middle-age weight gain is attributed to all of the following factors EXCEPT
age-related appetite increase.
A measure of how to clean or polluted the air in a given region is on a particular day is the
air quality index.
Jeff has been drinking a lot over the past few months, including frequent binges. His friends are concerned that this behavior puts him at risk for a condition that involved a potentially lethal blood alcohol concentration. Which condition is this?
alchohol poisoning
When personal and health problems related to alcohol use have become severe and a person suffers withdrawal symptoms if they don't drink, they have reached the point of alcoholism or
alcohol dependence.
Urinating frequently after alcohol consumption occurs because
alcohol is a diuretic.
Molecules that are building blocks of protein are
amino acids.
The interaction of two or more drugs at the same receptor site in which one blocks the action of the other is
antagonism
Which substances protect against oxidative stress and the resultant cell damage?
antioxidants
Which of the following could be included in a vegan diet?
apples
All of the following are part of the RICE formula for treating sports- and fitness-related injuries EXCEPT
apply heat at the injury site.
Smokeless tobacco users
are significantly more likely to develop oral cancers than nonusers.
Diet pills contain ingredients such as caffeine, and can therefore act in what way on the body?
as a stimulant
Which compound that was formerly used in building materials such as insulation has been found to be the cause of certain cancers and lung diseases?
asbestos
The body's core muscles are the muscles of the
back, abdomen, and hips.
Silvio wants to eat a healthy lunch in the college dining hall. Which of the following choices is the BEST thing he can order?
baked potato with salsa
The minimum amount of energy the body uses to maintain vital functions is known as the
basal metabolic rate.
The method of body composition measurement that sends a small current through the body to measure the resistance based on percentage of body water is
bioelectrical impedance analysis.
The high rate of overweight and obesity among Americans is due to
biology, environment, and lifestyle.
The ratio of alcohol to total blood volume is the
blood alcohol concentration.
All of the following are ways to measure the intensity of cardiovascular exercise EXCEPT
blood gas analysis.
The most popular form of LSD is
blotter acid that is swallowed or chewed.
Which of the following is NOT a major health-related component of physical fitness?
body image
A measurement based on the relationship between a person's height and weight that is highly correlated to the amount of body fat is the
body mass index.
Sharon is a gymnast. A personal trainer cautioned her that her extremely low body fat might cause health problems, including an increased risk of
bone fractures.
Exercise can improve mental health by
boosting self-esteem.
People with a physiological dependence on a substance, such as an addictive drug, will experience
both tolerance and withdrawal
Bath salts
can produce anxiety, agitation, hallucinations, and paranoia when used at high doses
Which of the following provides a ready source of energy for daily activites?
carbohydrates
The primary greenhouse gas in the atmosphere is
carbon dioxide.
A standard rum and cola will be absorbed faster than a 5-ounce glass of wine because
carbonation causes the pyloric valve to relax.
All of the following statements regarding cell phones are true EXCEPT
cell phone use has been proven to pose a clear risk of human tissue damage.
Stimulants act by increasing the activity of the
central nervous system
The water that is pulled out of the body when someone drinks heavily is taken from
cerebrospinal fluid.
Which of the following foods is an example of a complete protein?
chicken breast
The compound originally contained in aerosol propellants that is thought to have contributed to the depletion of the ozone layer is
chlorofluorocarbons.
The last stage of liver disease that can result from years of heavy drinking is
cirrhosis.
The action of nicotine on the cilia of upper respiratory passages prevents them from
cleaning out foreign matter.
All of the following are examples of resources that reduce carbon emissions EXCEPT
coal.
Which of the following has the most saturated fat?
coconut oil
Foods consumed to meet emotional needs or reduce emotional insecurities are called
comfort foods.
What type of proteins contain all nine essential amino acids?
complete
The relative proportions and distribution of fat and lean tissue throughout the body is its
composition.
Marta collects kitchen scraps and yard clippings in a bin outside of her home to use in her garden. She is
composting.
Which of the following is an example of a process addiction?
compulsive gambling
A form of alcohol that metabolizes slowly and produces toxic byproducts is a(n)
congener.
Reputable certifications for fitness professionals require
continuing education to maintain the certification.
Over-the-counter drugs commonly abused by teens and young adults include
cough and cold medicines and diet and sleep aids
Which of the following would assess muscular endurance?
counting number of repeated sit-ups
Drinking games result in the consumption of larger quantities of alcohol in a short period of time and have been associated with
death from alcohol poisoning.
A condition is which a person experiences a depletion of body fluids is
dehydration.
Jason doesn't see that his addiction to heroin is self-destructive. He is experiencing
denial
The process of freeing the body from an addictive substance in known as
detoxification
Over-the-counter weight loss aids and supplements typically contain
diuretics.
One problem with the BMI measurement is that is
does not account for varying levels of muscle mass.
When drugs activate the brain's pleasure circuit, what neurotransmitter is involved?
dopamine
Cynthia tends to sweat profusely during her 75-minute "power aerobics" class. Cynthia should
drink a sports beverage periodically throughout the class.
Using a drug for a purpose other than that which it is intended is
drug misuse
The body naturally experiences an increased metabolic rate
during pregnancy.
Which environmental factor encourages us to increase our food consumption?
easy access to high-calorie foods in stores and restaurants
One of the keys to eating well in college is to
eat a complete breakfast.
Bryan enjoys going for a 5-mile run as a way to wind down after his last class. Bryan should
eat a small carbohydrate-rich snack about an hour before he heads out for his run.
In working to improve your eating habits, one important step to take is to
eat more slowly and stop when you begin to feel full.
A disease associated with smoking in which alveoli are destroyed is known as
emphysema.
Calories from saturated fats and/or added sugars in foods that have little or no nutritional value, such as sausages and ice cream, are called
empty calories.
A muscle's ability to perform contractions for a length of time is muscle
endurance.
Anabolic steroids are a type of
ergogenic drug
An addictive drug produced by fermentation is
ethyl alcohol.
Which of the following is defined as planned, structured, and repetitive body movement?
exercise
David spends four hours a day lifting weights and is at the point of obsession about his fitness routine to the extent that he will miss classes and outings with friends so he can go to the gym. He most likely suffers from which of the following disorders?
exercise addiction
Keith is having a complete fitness evaluation done at a health center. One of the measurements being taken is how much energy he expends while jogging on a treadmill, which is his
exercise metabolic rate.
Which of the following is the most energy-dense source of calories in the human diet?
fats
The average number of births a female in a given population has during her reproductive years is the
fertility rate.
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can cause significant brain damage and other impairments in the fetus; this condition is known as
fetal alcohol syndrome.
High-fiber diets may help decrease the risk of all of the following EXCEPT
fibromyalgia.
Compulsive buying disorder is often associated with
financial problems
Which is NOT a good source of folate?
fish
One medium fruit serving is about the size of a(n)
fist.
The range of motion that a joint or series of joints can achieve is
flexibility.
The chief function of this mineral in the body is to make teeth resistant to decay and bones resistant to mineral loss.
fluoride
A sprained ankle should be iced
for 20 minutes every hour for the first 24 to 72 hours.
You have been looking at numerous newly built homes. The headaches and fatigue you are attributing to the stress of buying a new house may actually be due to exposure to
formaldehyde.
Training for muscular endurance can be done by using any of the following three methods:
free weights, weight machines, or your own body weight.
What are the components of the FITT principle that apply to all types of exercise?
frequency, intensity, time, and type
Foods believed to have addition health benefits beyond the basic nutrition they provide are known as
functional foods.
Except for physical education classes in elementary and high school, Jayleen has been sedentary all her life. Motivated by her mother's recent diagnosis of high blood pressure, Jayleen, now a junior in college, wants to improve her physical fitness. Her first step should be to
get her primary healthcare provider's clearance for exercise.
The surge in obesity rates around the world has become known as
globesity.
The body converts all forms of simple sugars into which of the following substances to provide energy to cells?
glucose
The form of a sugar that is stored in the liver and muscles and broken down when the body requires a burst of energy is
glycogen.
An Air Quality Index of 50 indicates that the air quality is
good.
As part of her fitness program, Shayna runs ten times up and down the stone steps in her campus' quad. Shayna is engaging in
green exercise.
Gases that accumulate in the atmosphere and contribute to global warming by trapping heat near Earth's surface are
greenhouse gases.
A 26-year-old male would be considered obese if he
has a body mass index of 30 or higher.
Addictive substances and behaviors
have the potential to produce a positive mood change
Multivitamin-mineral supplements are generally NOT recommended for which of the following groups of people?
healthy individuals wanting to boost their energy levels
Regular aerobic exercise improves the
heart, lungs, and blood vessels.
The least serious form of heat-related illness is
heat cramps.
Which of the following is the most serious form of heat-stress illness?
heatstroke
All of the following are scientific methods for determining body composition EXCEPT
height and weight tables.
Glenna is trying to determine her healthy weight. She should assess
her percentage of body fat and how her weight is distributed.
Chemicals used to kill weeds and other vegetation are
herbicides.
The ideal cholesterol ratio for an individual would include
high HDL and low LDL.
Heroin has a
high potential for addiction and no medical use
After warming up, Ling alternated two minutes of moderate jogging with one minute of running as fast as she can, five times. She then cools down. The type of fitness routine Ling is engaging in is known as
high-intensity interval training.
All of the following are consequences of population growth EXCEPT
higher carrying capacity of the earth.
When developing a strength-training program, if you want to increase muscular strength, you need
higher intensity and fewer repetitions and sets.
On a food product label, the amount shown as % Daily Value shows
how much of an average adult's allowance for a nutrient is in one serving.
The physiological need to eat to sustain life is
hunger.
John underwent a body composition test that involved being submerged to compare his underwater weight with land weight to determine his level of body fat. This method of assessment is known as a
hydrostatic weighing.
A condition is which a person has an excessive number of fat cells is
hyperplastic obesity.
The process that occurs when fat cells swell and enlarge is
hypertrophy.
Two hours in to a six-hour hike on a cool fall day, it begins to rain. Helena has no rain jacket or poncho, and is wearing only lightweight clothing. Helena is at increased risk for
hypothermia.
Regular exercise
improves concentration.
In which of the following regions is smog most likely to be a concern?
in the San Fernando Valley
The safest way to thaw frozen food is
in the refrigerator.
The ozone layer is
in the stratosphere and protects the planet from UVB radiation.
Countries with the largest per capita "ecological footprint"
include the United States.
As compared to today, by the year 2050, the world's population is expected to
increase by 2 to 3 billion people.
Which of the following is a concern in regard to overpopulation?
increased amount of land used for agricultural purposes
Over the last twenty years, the Americans' calorie intake has increased. This is due in part to
increased availability of extremely large serving sizes of foods.
An increase in the spread of foodborne illness could be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT
increased consumption of locally grown or raised food.
A large dose of cocaine can cause
increased heart rate and blood pressure
Problems associated with severe caloric restriction include all of the following EXCEPT
increased tolerance for cold.
A person's exercise metabolic rate (EMR) will increase if he or she
increases the activity level from light to moderate.
Exercise can reduce the risk of heart disease by all of the following EXCEPT
increasing LDL levels.
Climate change is evidenced by which of the following?
increasingly extreme swings in precipitation levels over the last three decades
Chemical vapors in household products such as varnish, glues, and gasoline are examples of
inhalants
The over-the-counter version of the drug orlistat, marketed as Alli, has a number of unpleasant side effects but works to promote weight loss by
inhibiting the digestion of fat.
The amount of effort needed during a workout to improve some aspect of fitness is exercise
intensity.
To help him fight his addiction to alcohol, Andy's physician has prescribed a drug that will make him feel intensely uncomfortable if he drinks alcohol. This type of response is called
intolerance
The release of particles and electromagnetic rays from atomic nuclei during the normal process of disintegration produces
ionizing radiation.
The most common nutrient deficiency in the world is
iron deficiency.
Gastric bypass
is a restrictive and malabsorption surgery.
The so-called pleasure circuit
is also known as the mesolimbic dopamine system
Mescaline
is derived from a cactus
What percentage of adult Americans engage in aerobic physical activity that meets the national guidelines?
just over 50 percent.
One dangerous consequence of very-low-calorie diets is that they increase the individual's risk for a condition in which the blood levels become acidic. This is known as
ketoacidosis.
The milk sugar that some people can't digest properly is
lactose.
Marijuana today is
legal for medical purposes in 28 states
All of the following are overuse injuries EXCEPT
ligament sprain.
The human body does not excrete polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) but instead stores them in the
liver.
The main site of alcohol metabolism is the
liver.
Regular physical activity has been linked to all of the following EXCEPT
lower life expectancy.
The purpose of hydrogenating unsaturated fats is to
make them more solid at room temperature.
The effects of fetal alcohol syndrome include
mental retardation.
What substance in certain cigarettes numbs the throat to allow for deeper inhalation?
menthol
Exercise helps with weight control by increasing the body's
metabolic rate.
All of the following drugs are used to treat opioid addiction EXCEPT
methamphetamine
Ecstasy is a stimulant and a(n)
mild hallucinogen
All the following are good sources of complex carbohydrates EXCEPT
milk.
An individual whose BMI is 42 would be classified as
morbidly obese.
What percentage of adult Americans are obese?
more than 30 percent but less than 40 percent
The amount of force that a muscle is capable of exerting is referred to as
muscular strength.
Opioids are also called
narcotics
What substance in cigarettes is a highly addictive stimulant?
nicotine
Which nicotine replacement product requires a prescription?
nicotine nasal spray
When trying to ensure clean air in your home, sources of pollution to look for include all of the following EXCEPT
nitroglycerine.
Which of the following populations in the United States has to highest prevalence of overweight or obesity?
non-Hispanic black women
The science that studies food and nourishment, including food composition and the physiological effects of food on the body, is
nutrition.
Common food allergens include all of the following EXCEPT
oats.
A 20-year-old female with a BMI of 34 would be categorized as
obese.
Melinda baked a piece of salmon for dinner. On the side, she had a large mixed-green salad topped with toasted walnuts. This meal is rich in
omega-3 fatty acids
To check your pulse and determine your heart rate during aerobic exercise, it is best to place your index and middle fingers on arteries located
on the side of neck or inside the wrist.
In strength training, which of the following represents the amount of weight or resistance that can be moved only once?
one repetition maximum (1 RM)
The principle of fitness training that holds that the body should be gradually required to do more than it is used to doing is
overload.
In a fitness program, lifting an amount of weight that is moderately greater than what you are accustomed to is an example of
overloading.
A person with a body weight that is 15% higher than recommended is considered
overweight.
Smog is sometimes called
ozone pollution.
According to research, each of the following factors increases the risk of substance abuse among students EXCEPT
participation in college sports
Chemicals used to kill insects, rodents, weeds, and certain microorganisms are called
pesticides.
Walking to class or up a flight of stairs would be examples of
physical activity.
If you can perform regular moderate to vigorous levels of physical activity without excessive fatigue, you are considered to be
physically fit.
Tomi cooked a vegetarian stir-fry for dinner. He included slices of shallots, red pepper, carrots, spinach, and brown rice. This meal is rich in
phytochemicals.
The two general types of water pollution are described as
point source and nonpoint source.
The term for an environmental contaminant that causes potential harm to living organisms is
pollutant.
Terence takes several vitamin supplements as well as a prescribed cholesterol medication and an over-the-counter pain reliever for his arthritis. Terence is exhibiting
polydrug use
Bidis are becoming increasingly popular because they are viewed as safer than regular cigarettes. Research shows that bidis
produce three times more nicotine than cigarettes.
When eating a very-low-calorie diet for prolonged periods, the body may begin to obtain fuel from
protein in lean body tissue.
Which of the following play a role in developing and repairing bone, muscle, skin, and blood cells?
proteins
Cap and trade policies
provide incentives to industrial polluters to limit their carbon emmissions.
Which type of drug is defined as having the potential to alter a person's mood or behavior?
psychoactive drug
Radiation exposure is measured in which of the following units (also called roentgens)?
radiation absorbed doses.
Which naturally occurring odorless, colorless gas seeps into homes and is a leading cause of lung cancer?
radon
Most experts agree that a key step in slowing climate change is to
reduce consumption of fossil fuels.
Therapeutic communities are a type of
residential treatment
The measure of energy expended while a person is engaged in sedentary activities, such as sitting on a sofa or digesting food, is the
resting metabolic rate.
In a fitness program, the slogan "use it or lose it" applies to which principle?
reversibility
Allen has just eaten a large meal and pushes his plate away, unable to eat any more. He is experiencing
satiety.
Dietary fats that are solid at room temperature are made up mostly of
saturated fatty acids.
Which theory holds that our bodies fight to maintain our weight within a particular narrow range?
set point theory
General pain that occurs below the knee and above the ankle is called
shin splints.
Carbohydrates are used by the body primarily for
short-term energy.
When a clinician measures a person's body fat by pinching folds of skin at various locations on the body, the process being used is the
skinfold method.
Eating food when drinking alcohol
slows alcohol absorption.
Marijuana use presents clear dangers to those driving motor vehicles (as well as others on the road) because it
slows reaction time and impedes decision making
The mineral necessary for the regulation of blood and body fluids is
sodium.
Which type of fiber combines with water to form a gel-like substance and can be digested by bacteria in the colon?
soluble
Liposuction is used to
spot reduce or contour body shape.
Which exercise technique involves working to slowly and gradually lengthen a muscle or group of muscles?
static stretching
Which form of exercise involves techniques that slowly and gradually lengthen a muscle or group of muscles and the associated tendons?
static stretching
A colorless gas that dissolves in water vapor to form acid and is emitted from coal-fired power plants is
sulfur dioxide.
For an aerobic exercise such as a Latin dance class, which measurement would you use to confirm that you are working at 64 percent to 96 percent of you maximal heart rate for improved cardiorespiratory fitness?
target heart rate
Smog is MOST likely to form in areas that experience
temperature inversions.
To lose weight and reduce her risk for high blood pressure, Ingrid has been following an eating plan that has been rated the number-one best overall diet. It emphasized intake of fruits and vegetables, lean protein, whole grains, and low-fat dairy. Ingrid is most likely following
the DASH Diet.
Nutrients are
the constituents in food that the body requires to function properly.
Increases in the planet's temperature over the past few decades can be attributed to
the enhanced greenhouse effect.
Experts analyze the carrying capacity of the earth to figure out
the maximum population the earth can support.
Factors affecting alcohol absorption include all of the following EXCEPT
the time of day the alcohol is consumed.
All of the following are true about suppositories EXCEPT that
they have a short life span and become inactive within an hour
To ensure safety, leftovers that have been properly wrapped and refrigerated should be eaten within
three days.
Which theory holds that some people have a genetic disposition toward fat storage and retaining weight?
thrifty gene theory
Marijuana is administered therapeutically for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
to reduce appetite for weight control
Risk for developing lung cancer varies among smokers due to all of the following EXCEPT
tolerance to nicotine.
Minerals that the body needs in very small amounts are
trace minerals.
Which form of fat poses high risks for heart disease and cardiac-related death?
trans fats
When liquid oils are hydrogenated,
trans fatty acids are produced.
Using a nicotine patch for smoking cessation is an example of which route of administration?
transdermal
Breaking a leg during a football game is an example of which type of injury?
traumatic
Emotions or situations that cause a person to make unhealthy eating choices are
triggers.
In a synergistic drug interaction
two drugs multiply each other's effects
Benefits of weight-loss surgery include the potential to reverse
type 2 diabetes.
Theodore's BMI is 18.0. Theodore is
underweight.
An important strategy for avoiding mold is to
use a dehumidifier in damp rooms.
Chelsea occasionally takes aspirin to relieve a headache. Chelsea is
using an over-the-counter (OTC) drug
A person who avoids all foods and food products of animal origin, including dairy and eggs, is a
vegan.
The MyPlate graphic encourages Americans to make which of the following food groups the largest portion of their plate at each meal?
vegetables
Cassie is morbidly obese, and is now following a medically supervised diet on which she consumes 500 calories a day in the form of a powdered supplement. What kind of diet is Cassie following?
very-low-calorie diet
Which of the following vitamins is readily excreted from the body in urine and unlikely to develop to toxic levels?
vitamin C
Potent and essential organic compounds that promote growth and help to maintain life and health are
vitamins.
Which of the following components of an exercise session prepares the body physically and mentally?
warm-up
Which of the following is the major component of blood?
water
Symptoms of nicotine withdrawal include all of the following EXCEPT
weakness is the limbs.
It is wise to deal with being outdoors in cold temperatures by
wearing layered clothing and keeping hydrated.
A grain that contains the bran, germ, and endosperm is a
whole grain.
One reason that the effects of alcohol are different for women and men is that
women have less water in their tissues than men.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of alcohol poisoning?
yellowish tint to the skin
River has been on and off four different diets in the past year, losing and then regaining weight. She now weighs more than she did when she began dieting a year ago. River is engaging in
yo-yo dieting.
Which of the following forms of exercise focuses attention on controlled breathing and employs strengthening postures known as asanas?
yoga
The reduction is alcohol-related driving fatalities since the 1980s is due to
zero tolerance laws and increased drinking age.