HST 131 Midterm Review - Ole Miss

Theodore Roosevelt's famous charge in the battle of San Juan Hill, in the Spanish-American War,

All these answers are correct.

While progressivism has many meanings, it tended in this period to be based on the central assumption that

American society was capable of improvement.

Welfare Capitalism

An approach to labor relations in which companies meet some of their workers' needs without prompting by unions, thus preventing strikes and keeping productivity high

Social Darwinism

The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle.

"Dollar Diplomacy" is associated primarily with the administration of

William Howard Taft.

The "Cross of Gold" speech was given in 1896 by

William Jennings Bryan.

During World War I, extensive systems of trenches were used by both sides

because newly improved weaponry made conventional field battles too destructive.

The political battles between Stalwarts and Half-Breeds constituted a fight

between Republican traditionalists and reformers.

In the 1931 Scottsboro court case,

black teenagers were accused of rape by two white women.

President Theodore Roosevelt defined "civilized" and "uncivilized" nations on the basis of

both race and economic development.

The federal government's response to the "Bonus Army" included

both the use of six tanks to rout the veterans from Washington, and the injuring of over 100 marchers.

In 1894, Jacob Coxey and his supporters

called for a public works program for the unemployed.

In his 1895 "Atlanta Compromise" speech, Booker T. Washington

called for tacit acceptance of the emerging system of racial segregation.

In 1914, when war erupted in Europe, President Woodrow Wilson

called on the American public to be completely impartial.

In 1933, two days after he took office, President Franklin Roosevelt

closed all banks for a short period.

As Herbert Hoover began his presidency, he

considered the country's economic future bright.

In 1865, Southern whites defined "freedom" as

controlling their future without Northern interference.

The policy idea behind "Dollar Diplomacy" was to

extend investments and influence of the United States in less-developed regions.

In the 1890s, Florence Kelley and the National Consumers League sought to

force retailers and manufacturers to improve wages and working conditions for women workers.

The National Labor Relations Act of 1935

gave government the authority to force employers to recognize and bargain with legitimate unions.

In 1920, passage of the Nineteenth Amendment

gave women the right to vote.

In the 1920s, the "flapper" lifestyle

had a particular impact on urban lower-middle-class and working-class single women.

In 1935, Senator Huey Long

had proposed a national wealth-sharing plan that involved heavily taxing the wealthiest Americans.

Prior to its annexation by the United States in 1898, Hawaii

had witnessed a revolution staged by American planters.

During Theodore Roosevelt's first three years as president,

he desired to win for government the power to investigate corporations and publicize the results.

In 1934, Dr. Francis Townsend attracted widespread national support for a plan that

helped pave the way for the Social Security system.

In 1937, President Franklin Roosevelt's call to expand the Supreme Court came from

his desire to change the ideological balance of the Court.

Jim Crow laws

imposed a system of state-supported segregation.

The Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)

included a $1.5 billion public works budget, and was created to provide federal loans to troubled banks and businesses.

The so-called "Zimmermann telegram"

included a proposal for the return of the American Southwest to Mexico.

In 1865, Southern blacks defined "freedom" as

independence from white control.

The assassination of President Abraham Lincoln

involved a larger conspiracy to kill other members of the administration.

The term "muckrakers" referred to

journalists.

In 1900, regarding work conditions in American factories,

laborers could expect to work at least ten hours a day, six days a week.

During the mid-nineteenth century, Hispanics living in California

lost ownership of large areas of lands.

The Sabotage Act and the Sedition Act of 1918

made illegal any public expression opposing the war

Upton Sinclair's 1906 novel, The Jungle, encouraged the federal government to regulate the

meatpacking industry.

In the late nineteenth century, suburbs on the edges of American cities were largely populated by

moderately well-to-do people.

In the 1840s and 1850s, in the Far West, the response by white Americans to the Chinese

moved from initial acceptance to gradual hostility.

Great Migration

movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920

Advocates of the "New South"

promoted southern industry and railroad development.

Beginning in 1933, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

protected the assets of bank depositors up to $2,500.

In the late nineteenth century, Social Darwinists argued that people who failed economically in the United States did so because

racism and other prejudices held them back.

In the late nineteenth century, urban political bosses did all of the following EXCEPT

reduce the costs of city services.

In the 1890s, Jacob Riis

reported on the living conditions of the urban poor to encourage improvements.

During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the growth of newspapers

saw circulation increase much more rapidly than the general population.

Throughout the 1920s, the federal government

saw leaders of business take prominent positions in the federal government.

Throughout the 1920s, the performance of the U.S. economy

saw nearly uninterrupted prosperity coupled with severe inequalities.

In the late nineteenth century, industry in the United States

saw the federal government eager to assist in its growth.

The settlement house movement of the early twentieth century helped spawn the profession of

social work.

The Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933

sought to raise crop prices by paying farmers not to plant.

The 1904 "Roosevelt Corollary"

stated that the U.S. had a right to intervene in the affairs of neighboring countries.

Eugenics

study of factors that influence the hereditary qualities of the human race and ways to improve those qualities

All of the following statements regarding the 1932 "Bonus Army" are true EXCEPT that

the "Army" demanded Congress create relief programs for World War I veterans.

The Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 established

the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

In 1890 at Wounded Knee, South Dakota,

the U.S. Seventh Cavalry massacred up to 200 Indians.

The immediate spark for hostilities in Europe in 1914 was

the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

In the 1890s, the black journalist Ida B. Wells devoted her writing to attacking

the crime of lynching.

One key to Henry Ford's success in the mass production of automobiles was

the moving assembly line.

One long-term consequence of the New Deal was that

the national government assumed responsibility for the basic welfare of the people.

Populism

the political doctrine that supports the rights and powers of the common people in their struggle with the privileged elite

In the late nineteenth century, political "machines" in cities owed their existence to

the rapid growth of urban America and the potential voting power of large immigrant communities.

According to the ideas expressed by Andrew Carnegie in his The Gospel of Wealth,

the rich had great responsibilities to society.

President Herbert Hoover responded to the onset of the Great Depression by

urging a program of voluntary cooperation from business leaders.

The business structure of Carnegie Steel was a good example of

vertical integration.

The "Dust Bowl" in the 1930s

was a product of changing environmental conditions.

The Tennessee Valley Authority of 1933

was an experiment in regional planning by the federal government.

During the 1920s, birth control in the U.S.

was illegal, in some form, in many states.

The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890

was indifferently enforced and weakened by the courts.

The great railroad strike of 1877

was launched in response to a wage cut.

In 1919, the Red Scare in the United States

was partly motivated by a series of bombings

The theory of Social Darwinism

was used to justify the social consequences of industrial capitalism.

After Reconstruction, political power under southern "Redeemers"

was very often restricted and conservative.

The "Open Door notes"

were directed to imperial powers in Europe and Asia.

As Republicans planned for Reconstruction,

Radicals sought a range of punishments for white Southerners.

Hoovervilles

Shanty towns that the unemployed built in the cities during the early years of the Depression; the name given to them shows that the people blamed Hoover directly for the Depression.

Crop Lien System

System that allowed farmers to get more credit. They used harvested crops to pay back their loans.

In the late nineteenth century, the popular image of the American West

All these answers are correct.

Northern commitment to Reconstruction waned as a result of

All these answers are correct.

The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887

All these answers are correct.

Prohibition

A law forbidding the sale of alcoholic beverages

Harlem Renaissance

A period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art, music and literature flourished

Taylorism

A set of ideas, also referred to as "scientific management," developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor, involving simple, coordinated operations in industry.

The Hoover administration addressed the economic situation of American farmers with the

Agricultural Marketing Act.

During the Progressive Era, the "new woman" was a product of

All these answers are correct.

During the late nineteenth century, the growth of large corporations was helped by

All these answers are correct.

In 1868, President Andrew Johnson was impeached because he

All these answers are correct.

In the early twentieth century, the United States' actions toward Mexico included

All these answers are correct.

In the late nineteenth century, crime in large American urban centers

All these answers are correct.

In the late nineteenth century, due to the growth of industrial capitalism, American workers

All these answers are correct.

The Spanish-American War began primarily because of events in

Cuba.

In March 1917, the United States moved closer to entering the Great War after

German U-boats torpedoed three American ships.

Little Big Horn

General Custer and his men were wiped out by a coalition of Sioux and Cheyenne Indians led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse

Who among the following began to develop an oil empire by taking control of competing oil companies in Ohio?

John D. Rockefeller

At the conclusion of President Andrew Johnson's impeachment trial,

Johnson was acquitted by a margin of one vote.

Yellow Journalism

Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers

Civilian Conservation Corps

New Deal program that hired unemployed men to work on natural conservation projects

Plessy v. Ferguson

a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal; "separate but equal" doctrine supreme court upheld the constitutionality of jim crow laws

Consumerism

a movement advocating greater protection of the interests of consumers

During the 1920s, the agricultural economy of the United States saw

a sharp decline in farmers' incomes.

As an environmental conservationist, President Theodore Roosevelt

added extensive areas of land to the national forest system.

In the 1850s, the U.S. policy of "concentration" for Indians

assigned all tribes to their own defined reservations.

In order to secure control of the Panama Canal zone, the United States

assisted a revolution in Panama.

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

banned Chinese in the United States from becoming naturalized citizens.

After World War I, the new Ku Klux Klan

became primarily concerned about Catholics, Jews, and foreigners

The Federal Trade Commission Act

created an agency to determine whether business practices were acceptable to the government.

The Scopes trial of 1925 was a legal battle concerning the conflict between

creationism and evolution.

To John D. Rockefeller, the great "curse" of business in the late nineteenth century was

cutthroat competition.

In the 1860s, Black Codes were

designed to give whites control over freedmen.

At the turn of the twentieth century, the leaders of the settlement house movement

directed their attention to improving urban living conditions.

The Freedmen's Bureau

distributed food to millions of former slaves.

During Reconstruction, there was a dramatic improvement in Southern

education.

Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge were similar in

their passive approach to the presidency.

The Chinese from California became the major source of labor for the transcontinental railroad in part because

they worked for lower wages than what whites would accept.

In the late nineteenth century, "range wars" in the West were often between

white American ranchers and farmers.