HTML programming: Chapter 1: The Internet and World Wide Web Part 2

Internet Protocol (IP):

Set of rules that controls how data is sent between computers on the internet by routing a packet to the correct destination address.

Host:

A domain's web server.

Subdomain:

A separate website that is located at the same domain. Example: Gmail, google maps, etc.

Standard Generalized markup Language (SGML):

A standard for specifying a markup language or tag set. It is a description of how to specify a document language and how to create a document type definition.

Uniform Resource Locator (URL):

A type of URI that represents the network location of a resource such as a web page, graphic file, or an MP# file. Example: The URL consists of the protocol (http), the domain name ( google.com), and the hierarchal location of the file on the web server (/index)

wiki:

A website that can be updated immediately at anytime by visitors.

Web Client:

Connected to the internet when needed. Usually runs web browser software such as Firefox or Chrome Uses HTTP Requests web pages from server receives web pages from server

Web Server:

Continually connected to the Internet Runs web server software Uses HTTP Receives a request for the web pages Responds to request and transmits the status code, web page, and associated files.

(RSS) Really simple Syndication OR Rich Site Summary:

Creates newsfeeds from blog postings and other websites. It contains a summary of new items posted to the site.

(XML) Extensible Markup Language:

Developed by the W3C as a flexible method to create common info formats and share format and the info on the web. Used as an extension of HTML and can create tags to describe info.

(XHTML) Extensible Hypertext Markup language:

Developed to reformulate HTML 4.02 as an app of XML as a combination of their strengths.

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP):

Ensures the integrity of the network communication by breaking files and messages into packets.

Uniform resource Identifier (URI):

Identifies a resource on the internet.

Top- level domain ( TLD):

Identifies the rightmost part of a domain name starting with the final period. EX: .com, .org, .fr, . uk

HTML5:

Incorporates both HTML and XHTML features, adds new elements, provides new features, and is backwards compatible.

Packets:

Individual units that contain information such as destination, source, sequence number, and checksum values.

Internet Protocol Version 4 ( IPv4):

Latest IP address that uses 32- bit (binary digit) addressing, theoretically allowing 4 billion possible IP addresses.

Domain name:

Locates an organization or other entity on the internet whose purpose is to divide the internet into logical groups and understandable names by IDing the exact address and type of organization.

Client/Server:

Personal computers joined by a network OR the relationship between two computer programs- the client and the server. The client requests a service from the server and the server fulfills the request by transmitting the results to the client over a network. It is common that the client and the server are on different computers, but they can be on the same computer.

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions ( MIME):

Rules that allow multimedia documents to be exchanges among many different computers. Media types allowed: audio, video, image, application, message, multipart, and text. These types are how the web browser determines to display the document.

Protocols:

Rules that describe how clients and servers communicate with each other over a network.

IP address:

Set of 4 groups of numbers called octets.

File Transfer protocol (FTP):

Set of rules that allow files to be exchanged between computers on the Internet. FTP moves file from one computer to another.

Markup Languages:

Sets of directions that tell the browser software and other user agents how to display and manage a web document. The directions are usually called tags and perform functions like displaying graphics, formatting text, and referencing hyperlinks.

E- Commerce:

The buying and selling of goods on the Internet.

Fully qualified domain name (FQDN):

The combo of a host/ subdomain, second- level domain, and top- level domain name.

Domain Name System ( DNS):

The name associated with a numeric IP address.

IP Version 6 ( IPv6):

The next standard IP protocol, is 128 bits, and is backwardly compatible withIPv4.

Web 2.0:

The next step in the transition of the web from static isolated websites to a platform that provides rich interfaces and social networking opportunities.

Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol ( TCP/IP):

The official communication protocol of the Internet.

Cloud computing:

The on-demand use of software and other computing resources hosted at a remote data center over the internet.

(HTML) Hypertext Markup language:

The set of markup symbols or codes placed in a file for display on a web browser.