HTN

A 66-year-old client presents to the emergency department reporting severe headache and mild nausea for the past 6 hours. Upon assessment, the client's BP is 210/120 mm Hg. The client has a history of hypertension and takes 1.0 mg clonidine twice daily. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask the client next?

"Have you taken your prescribed clonidine today?"

A nurse is educating a client about monitoring blood pressure readings at home. Which of the following will the nurse be sure to emphasize?

"Sit quietly for 5 minutes prior to taking blood pressure."

A nurse is teaching a client who is newly diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. For a client without diabetes mellitus, the target blood pressure is 140/90 or lower. Because this client has diabetes mellitus, the target blood pressure will be which of the following?

130/80 or lower

A 56-year-old man visits his primary care provider infrequently but has now presented with complaints of transient visual disturbances. Assessment of the patient has yielded few remarkable findings with the exception of blood pressure (BP) of 169/106 mm Hg. When do signs and symptoms of hypertension typically appear?

After target organ damage has occurred

The nurse is explaining the DASH diet to a patient diagnosed with hypertension. The patients inquires about how many servings of fruit per day can be consumed on the diet. The nurse would be correct in stating which of the following?

Also 4-5, like veggies

Which condition contributes to secondary hypertension?

Arterial vasoconstriction

You are teaching a health class at the local YMCA. What body system would you explain regulates arterial blood pressure?

Autonomic nervous system

A nurse is providing education to a client about monitoring blood pressure readings at home. The nurse will review all the following items except:

Avoid smoking cigarettes for 1 hour prior to taking blood pressure.

A nurse is providing education about hypertension to a community group. One client reports that his doctor has diagnosed him with hypertension, but that he feels just fine. He asks, "What would happen if I did not treat my hypertension?" Which of the following are possible consequences of untreated hypertension? Choose all that apply.

CAD, MI, stroke

When treating hypertensive emergencies, the nurse identifies the most appropriate route of administration for antihypertensive agents as being which of the following?

Continuous IV infusion

A client who is newly diagnosed with hypertension is going to be starting antihypertensive medicine. What is one of the main things the client and the client's spouse should watch for?

Dizziness

A client is being seen at the clinic for a routine physical when the nurse notes the client's blood pressure is 150/97. The client is considered to be a healthy, well-nourished young adult. What type of hypertension does this client have?

Essential (primary)

The nurse is creating a community teaching demonstration focusing on the cause of blood pressure. When completing the visual aid, which body structures represent the mechanism of blood pressure?

Heart & blood vessels

The nurse is performing an assessment on a patient to determine the effects of hypertension on the heart and blood vessels. What specific assessment data will assist in determining this complication? (Select all that apply.)

Heart rate, heart rhythm, character of apical & peripheral pulses

What response is appropriate when a client with hypertension declines to take prescribed antihypertensive medications because due to the absence of symptoms?

Inform the client that this is why hypertension is known as "the silent killer."

A client is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a diagnosis of hypertension emergency/crisis. The client's blood pressure (BP) is 200/130 mm Hg. The nurse is preparing to administer IV nitroprusside. Upon assessment, which finding requires immediate intervention by the nurse?

Numbness and weakness in the left arm

The nurse is instructing a student on the proper technique for measuring blood pressure (BP). Which of the following would indicate a need for further teaching?

Positions the arm at waist level

A patient is taking amiloride (Midamor) and lisinopril (Zestril) for the treatment of hypertension. What laboratory studies should the nurse monitor while the patient is taking these two medications together?

Potassium level

A systolic blood pressure of 135 mm Hg would be classified as:

Pre-hypertension

A patient comes to the walk-in clinic. While assessing the patient's vital signs, the nurse assesses the patient's blood pressure at 128/89 mm Hg. According to JNC7, how would this patient's blood pressure be classified?

Pre-hypertensive

The nurse is seeing a client for the first time and has just checked the client's blood pressure. The nurse would consider the client prehypertensive if:

Systolic BP is between 120 and 139 mm Hg.

A client is beginning medical management of recently diagnosed hypertension. The most important strategy in this client's treatment is reducing:

Systolic pressure below 150 mmHg.

A client in a clinic setting has just been diagnosed with hypertension. She asks what the end goal is for treatment. The correct reply from the nurse is which of the following?

To prevent complications/death by achieving and maintaining a blood pressure of 140/90 or less

A client comes to the emergency department complaining of visual changes and a severe headache. The nurse measures the client's blood pressure at 210/120 mm Hg. However, the client denies having hypertension or any other disorder. After diagnosing malignant hypertension (hypertensive emergency), a life-threatening disorder, the physician initiates emergency intervention. What is the most common cause of malignant hypertension (hypertensive emergency)?

Untreated HTN

A client is being seen at the clinic for a routine physical when the nurse notes the client's blood pressure is 150/97. The client is considered to be a healthy, well-nourished young adult.

What type of hypertension does this client have? Essential (primary)

A client diagnosed with hypertension begins drug therapy using an antihypertensive agent. The nurse instructs the client's spouse to remove any objects in the home that can lead to falls. Which client statement confirms that the teaching has been successful?

"Antihypertensive drugs can lead to falls."

A client with high blood pressure is receiving an antihypertensive drug. The nurse knows that antihypertensive drugs commonly cause fatigue and dizziness, especially on rising. When developing a client teaching plan to minimize orthostatic hypotension, which instruction should the nurse include?

"Flex your calf muscles, avoid alcohol, and change positions slowly."

Which client statement indicates a good understanding of the nutritional modifications needed to manage hypertension?

"Limiting my salt intake to 2 grams per day will improve my blood pressure."

The nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with hypertension about the DASH diet. How many servings of meat, fish, and poultry should the client consume per day?

2 or fewer

According to the DASH diet, how many servings of vegetables should a person consume each day?

4 or 5

A nurse is caring for a client with hypertension. The physician orders furosemide (lasix) 2 mg/kg to be given intravenously. The client weighs 24 kg. The medication comes in a single-use vial that contains 40 mg in 4 mL (10 mg/mL). How much will the nurse draw up for this client's dose?

4.8 mL

A community health nurse is screening for hypertension. Which of the following clients would the nurse focus on most intensively?

A middle-aged African-American man

Nurses should implement measures to relieve emotional stress for clients with hypertension because the reduction of stress:

Decreases the production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arterioles.

A blood pressure (BP) of 140/90 mm Hg is considered to be:

Hypertensive

The staff educator is talking to a group of new emergency department nurses about hypertensive crises. The nurse educator is aware that hypertensive urgency differs from hypertensive emergency in what way?

Hypertensive emergencies are associated with evidence of target organ damage.

Which describes a situation in which blood pressure is severely elevated and there is evidence of actual or probable target organ damage?

Hypertensive emergency

Which of the following would be inconsistent as a component of metabolic syndrome?

Hypotension

Management of hypertension includes three of the following four goals, depending on the primary and secondary causes. Select all that apply.

Impairing the synthesis of norepinephrine, modifying the rate of myocardial contraction, decreasing renal absorption of sodium.

Aging is positively correlated to the incidence of hypertension. This is due to three of the following four structural or functional changes. Which choice is not considered a cause?

Increased ability to exert diastolic pressure

The nurse understands that client education related to antihypertensive medication should include which of the following?

Inform client to avoid over-the-counter cold and sinus medications

You are precepting a new graduate nurse on your unit. The two of you are caring for a client with malignant hypertension. The new nurse asks what malignant hypertension can cause. What would be your best answer?

Left ventricular failure

Papilledema is a fairly common symptom of elevated blood pressure. The best way to detect this condition is through:

Ophthalmic examination.

When measuring the blood pressure in each arm of a healthy adult client, the nurse recognizes that which statement is true?

Pressures should not differ more than 5 mm Hg between arms.

It is important for the nurse to encourage the client to rise slowly from a sitting or lying position because gradual changes in position:

Provide time for the heart to increase the rate of contraction to resupply oxygen to the brain.

A patient is flying overseas for 1 week for business and packed antihypertensive medications in a suitcase. After arriving at the intended destination, the patient found that the luggage had been stolen. If the patient cannot take the medication, what condition becomes a concern?

Rebound HTN

Which of the following is the nurse most correct to recognize as a direct effect of client hypertension?

Renal dysfunction resulting from atherosclerosis

According to the classification of hypertension diagnosed in older adults, hypertension that can be attributed to an underlying cause is termed:

Secondary

The nurse is instructing a client who is newly prescribed an antihypertensive medication. Which nursing instruction is emphasized to maintain client safety?

Sit on the edge of the chair and rise slowly.

Which diuretic medication conserves potassium?

Spironolactone

A nursing class is practicing measurement of blood pressure. One otherwise healthy participant, 46 years old, is 138/90. This man requires follow-up. In which classification of hypertension is he according to the JNC 7 (Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood pressure) recommendation?

Stage 1

The nursing student is part of a group of nursing students who are making a presentation on chronic hypertension. What is one subject the nursing student would need to include in the presentation as a possible consequence of untreated chronic hypertension?

Stroke

The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension. The nurse is correct to realize that a 24-hour urine is ordered to determine if the cause of hypertension is related to the dysfunction of which of the following?

The adrenal gland

The nurse observes a certified nursing assistant (CNA) obtaining a blood pressure reading with a cuff that is too small for the patient. The nurse informs the CNA that using a cuff that is too small can affect the reading results in what way?

The results will be falsely elevated