HTN

the nurse is caring for a client with accelerated hypertension. which body system would the nurse assess to identify early signs of blood pressure progression? a. eyes b. heart c. musculoskeletal system d. kidney

a. eyes

a nurse notes a bp of 205/115. the client has had BP's within normal limits up until this time. the client reports a sudden onset severe headache. the nurse recognizes this as a probable malignant hypertension. what would be the nurse's first action? a. administer the ordered antihypertensive b. notify the health care provider c. wait 15 min and reassess d. call a code

b. notify the health care provider

according to the DASH diet, how many servings of meat, fish, and poultry should the client consume per day? a. 2 or fewer b. 2-3 c. 4-5 d. 7-8

a. 2 or fewer

the nurse is evaluating the types of medications prescribed for a client's hypertension. which of the following medication classifications an action on vasoconstrictive hormones in the blood stream? a. ACE inhibitor b. beta blocker c. CCB d. loop diuretic

a. ACE inhibitor

A patient is being discharged home on Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) for treatment of hypertension. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates they understood your discharge teaching about this medication? a. I will make sure I consume foods high in potassium b. I will only take this medication if my blood pressure is high c. I understand a dry cough is a common side effect with this medication. d. I will monitor my glucose levels closely because this medication may mask symptoms of

a. I will make sure I consume foods high in potassium

what lifestyle factors will the nurse discuss with the client who has a bp of 130/88? SATA a. alcohol moderation b. dietary sodium c. DASH diet d. weight reduction e. physical activity

a. alcohol moderation b. dietary sodium c. DASH diet d. weight reduction e. physical activity

the nurse is caring for an elderly client with a diagnosis of htn who is taking several antihypertensive medications. which safety precaution is the nurse most likely to reinforce? a. changing positions slowly related to possible hypotension b. eating extra potassium due to loss of potassium related to medications c. walking as far as the client is able every day d. being sure to keep follow-up appointments

a. changing positions slowly related to possible hypotension

the nurse is performing an assessment on a patient to determine the effects of htn on the heart and blood vessels. what specific assessment data will assist in determining this complication. SATA a. character of apical and peripheral pulses b. heart rhythm c. respiratory rate d. heart rate e. lung sounds

a. character of apical and peripheral pulses b. heart rhythm d. heart rate

a nurse is caring for a client with htn and diabetes mellitus. client's BP this morning was 150/92. when the client asks what their BP should be, what is the nurse's most appropriate response? a. clients with diabetes should have a lower BP goal, strive for 120/80 b. current recommendation is for everyone to be 140/90 or lower c. the lower the better, 130/80 is best for everyone d. your BP is fine, just keep doing what you're doing

a. clients with diabetes should have a lower BP goal, strive for 120/80

a client has severe CAD and hypertension. which medication order should the nurse consult with the health care provider about that is contraindicated for a client with severe CAD? a. clonidine b. bumetanide c. amloride d. methyldopa

a. clonidine

a patient with htn is waking up several times a night to urinate. the nurse knows that what lab studies may indicate pathologic changes in the kidneys due to htn? SATA a. creatinine b. urine for culture and sensitivity c. AST and ALT d. complete blood coount e. BUN

a. creatinine e. BUN

when measuring blood pressure in each arm of a healthy adult, the nurse recognizes that the pressures a. differ no more than 5 mm Hg between arms b. may vary, with the high pressure found in the left arm c. must be equal in both arms d. may vary 10 mm Hg or more between arms

a. differ no more than 5 mm Hg between arms

during a routine exam, the nurse assesses a bp reading of 150/90. the patient's blood work indicates several abnormal results. the health care provider informs the nurse that he suspects that the patient has metabolic syndrome. the nurse knows that this diagnosis is associated with what classic signs/symptoms? SATA a. dyslipidemia and/or abdominal obestiy b. insulin resistance c. increased BUN and creatinine levels d. bp reading greater than 130/85

a. dyslipidemia and/or abdominal obestiy b. insulin resistance d. bp reading greater than 130/85

the patient has a bp of 126/78. what would the nurse identify this bp as? a. elevated b. stage 2 c. stage 1 d. normal

a. elevated

a client with high BP is receiving an antihypertensive drug. when developing a teaching plan to minimize orthostatic hypotension, what should the nurse include? a. flex your calf muscles, avoid alcohol, change positions slowly b. avoid drinking alcohol and straining at stool, eat a low-protein snack at night c. wear elastic stockings, change positions slowly, hold onto a stationary object when rising d. rest between demanding activities, eat plenty of fruits/veggies, drink 6-8 cups of fluid da

a. flex your calf muscles, avoid alcohol, and change positions slowly

a client with htn has been able to maintain a bp of 130/70 for 1 year while reducing dietaty sodium and taking hydrochlorothiazide and atenolol. what treatment plan will the nurse educate the client about? a. gradual reducing the HCTZ and the atenolol and continuing to reduce sodium intake b. discontinuing both medications and continue to reduce sodium intake c. gradually reducing atenolol and continuing thr HCTZ d. continuing both medications and reducing dietary sodium

a. gradual reducing the HCTZ and the atenolol and continuing to reduce sodium intake

it is appropriate for the nurse to recommend smoking cessation for clients with htn because nicotine a. increases the heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood b. increases the heart rate, constricts arterioles, and increases the heart's ability to eject blood c. decreases circulating blood volume d. decreases the heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood

a. increases the heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood

the nurse is discussing aging and the incidence of htn with an older adult. what lifestyle change will lower BP for the older client? a. keep weight stable b. add salt to foods to taste c. sleep 4 hours each night d. exercise once a week

a. keep weight stable

which client statement indicates a good understanding of the nutritional modifications needed to manage HTN? a. limiting my salt intake to 2 grams per day will improve my BP b. if I include less fat in my diet, I'll lower my BP c. I should eliminate caffeine from my diet to lower BP d. a glass of red wine each day will lower my BP

a. limiting my salt intake to 2 grams per day will improve my BP

The nurse encourages the client diagnosed with HTN to rise slowly from a sitting or lying position because gradual changes in position a. provide time for the heart to increase the rate of contraction to resupply oxygen to the brain b. help reduce the work required by the heart to resupply oxygen to the brain c. help reduce the BP to resupply oxygen to the brain d. provide time for the heart to reduce the rate of contraction to resupply oxygen to the brain

a. provide time for the heart to increase the rate of contraction to resupply oxygen to the brain

an older adult client has a bp of 150/90 during a work site health screening. what should the nurse do? a. recommend the client have bp rechecked within 2 weeks b. recommend the client see a health care provider immediately for further evaluation c. recommend the client have bp rechecking within 6 months d. consider this a normal finding for the client's age

a. recommend the client have bp rechecked within 2 weeks

what finding indicates that htn is progressing to target organ damage? a. retinal blood vessel damage b. chest x-ray showing pneumonia c. urine output of 60 ml over 2 hours d. blood urea nitrogen of 12 mg/dL

a. retinal blood vessel damage

what systems/organs will the nurse recognize as particularly targeted for damage due to severe hypertension? a. sensory b. integumentary c. gastrointestinal d. musculoskeletal

a. sensory

the nurse is caring for a client prescribed bumetanide for the treatment of stage 2 hypertension. which finding indicates the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication? a. serum potassium of 3.0 b. urine output of 90 ml 1 hour after medication admin c. blood glucose value of 160 d. Electrocardiogram tracing demonstrating peaked T waves

a. serum potassium of 3.0

the nurse is instructing a client who is newly prescribed an antihypertensive medication. which nursing instruction is emphasized to maintain client safety? a. sit on edge of the chair and rise slowly b. do not operate a motor vehicle c. take the medication at the same time daily d. use a pill box to store daily medication

a. sit on edge of the chair and rise slowly

a client with hypertension has a blood pressure of 132/88. for which type of hypertension will the nurse prepare teaching for this client? a. stage 1 b. prehypertension c. stage 2 d. elevated

a. stage 1

the nurse is obtaining a health history from a client with a blood pressure of 146/88. the client states that lifestyle changes have not been effective in lowering bp. which medication classification does the nurse anticipate first? a. thiazide diuretic b. beta blocker c. ace inhibitor d. calcium channel blocker

a. thiazide diuretic

which statements are true when the nurse is measuring BP? SATA a. using a BP cuff too small will give a higher BP measurement b. using a BP cuff too large will give a higher BP measurement c. client should sit quietly while BP is measured d. clients arm should be positioned at the level of the heart e. clients BP should be measured 30 minutes after any food, smoking, or caffeine

a. using a BP cuff too small will give a higher BP measurement c. client should sit quietly while BP is measured d. clients arm should be positioned at the level of the heart e. clients BP should be measured 30 minutes after any food, smoking, or caffeine

which of the following would be inconsistent with a hypertensive urgency? a.intracranial hemorrhage b.severe headache c.epitaxis d.anxiety

a.intracranial hemorrhage

a client informs the nurse, " I can't adhere to the dietary sodium decrease that is required for the treatment of my htn". what can the nurse educate the client about regarding this statement? a. if dietery sodium isnt restricted, the client will be unable to control the bp and will be at risk for stroke b. it takes 2-3 months for the taste buds to adapt to changes in salt intake c. the client should use other methods of flavoring foods d. the client can speak to the health care provider about

b. it takes 2-3 months for the taste buds to adapt to changes in salt intake

an older client has newly diagnosed stage 2 HTN. the health care provider has prescribed Chlorothiazide and Benazepril. what will the nurse monitor this client for? a. postural hypertension and resulting injury b. postural hypotension and resulting injury c. sexual dysfunction d. rebound htn

b. postural hypotension and resulting injury

a nurse is teaching a client who is newly diagnosed with HTN and diabetes mellitus. what will the nurse specify about this client's target BP? a. 125/85 or lower b. 130/80 or lower c. 145/95 or lower d. 150/95 or lower

b. 130/80 or lower

Which of the following patients does not have a risk factor for hypertension? a. 25 year old male with a BMI of 35. b. 35 year old female with a total cholesterol level of 100 c. 68 year old male who reports smoking 2 packs of cigarettes a day. d. 40 year old female with a family history of hypertension and diabetes.

b. 35 year old female with a total cholesterol level of 100

the nurse is assessing the blood pressure for a patient who has hypertension and the nurse does not hear an ausculatory gap. what outcome may be documented in this circumstance? a. a normal reading b. a high diastolic or low systolic reading c. a low diastolic reading d. a high systolic pressure reading

b. a high diastolic or low systolic reading

the nurse is conducting a project for a local elderly community group on the topic of htn. the nurse will relay which risk factors and cardiovascular problems? SATA a. decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels b. age 65 or older in women c. elevated high-denisty lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol d. smoking e. overweight/obesity

b. age 65 or older in women d. smoking e. overweight/obesity

the nurse is instructing a client with htn. what will the nurse teach the client to do before measuring the bp at home? SATA a. drink a glass of water b. avoid talking during measurement c. place forearm at heart level on a firm surface d. do not smoke for 30 min e. sit quietly for 5 min

b. avoid talking during measurement c. place forearm at heart level on a firm surface d. do not smoke for 30 min e. sit quietly for 5 min

a 66 year old client presents to the ED reporting severe headache and mild nausea for the past 6 hours. upon assessment the BP is 210/120. the client has a history of htn and takes clonidine twice daily. which question is most important for the nurse to ask the client next? a. did you take any medication for your headache? b. have you taken your prescribed clonidine today? c. are you having chest pain or sob? d. do you have a dry mouth or nasal congestion?

b. have you taken your prescribed clonidine today?

a client is placed on a low-sodium (500 mg/day) diet. which client statement indicates that the nurse's nutrition teaching plan has been effective? a. i am glad i can still have chicken bouillon b. i chose broiled chicken with baked potato for dinner c. i can still eat a ham and cheese sandwich with chips for lunch d. i chose a tossed salad with sardines and oil and vinegar dressing for lunch

b. i chose broiled chicken with baked potato for dinner

management of htn includes 3 of the following 4 goals, depending on the primary and secondary causes. SATA a. decreasing renal absorption of sodium b. impairing synthesis of norepinephrine c. modifying the rate of myocardial contraction d. increasing the force of cardiac output to overcome peripheral resistance

b. impairing synthesis of norepinephrine c. modifying the rate of myocardial contraction a. decreasing renal absorption of sodium

a nurse is educating a client about monitoring blood pressure readings at home. what will the nurse be sure to emphasize? SATA a. avoid smoking for 8 hours prior b. sit quietly for 5 minutes prior c. be sure forearm is well supported at heart level d. sit with legs uncrossed e. can eat and drink up to 5 minutes beforehand

b. sit quietly for 5 minutes prior c. be sure forearm is well supported at heart level d. sit with legs uncrossed

According to the DASH diet, how many servings of vegetables should a person consume each day? a. 2 or fewer b. 2-3 c. 4-5 d. 7-8

c. 4-5

which conditions indicate target organ damage from untreated or undertreated htn? SATA a. diabetes b. hyperlipidemia c. HF d. stroke e. retinal damage

c. HF d. stroke e. retinal damage

the nurse is caring for a client with essential htn. the nurse reviews lab work and assesses kidney function. what action by the kidney would the nurse evaluate as the body's attempt to regulate high BP? a. kidney retains water and excretes sodium b. kidney retains sodium and excretes water c. kidney excretes sodium and water d. kidney retains sodium and water

c. kidney excretes sodium and water

the nurse understands that an overall goal of htn management is that a. there is no report of postural hypotension b. keep the bp low c. there is no indication of target organ damage d. there are no reports of sexual dysfunction

c. there is no indication of target organ damage

the nurse is teaching a client about recommended follow-up for a person initially diagnosed with prehypertension. what time frame will the nurse advise the client to have bp rechecked? a. evaluate within 1 month b. 2 years c. confirm within 2 months d. 1 year

d. 1 year

which risk factor is not modifiable by the client? a. inactivity b. dyslipidemia c. obesity d. age

d. age

secondary htn accompanies specific conditions that create htn as a result of tissue damage. which condition contributes to secondary htn? a. hepatic function b. acid base imbalance c. calcium deficit d. arterial vasoconstriction

d. arterial vasoconstriction

nurses should implement measures to relieve emotional stress for clients with htn because the reduction of stress a. increases resistance that the heart must overcome to eject blood b. increases production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arterioles c. increases blood volume and improves the potential for greater cardiac output d. decreases the production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arteries

d. decreases the production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arteries

a diabetic client visits a walk-in clinic and asks the nurse to take a bp reading. the measurements are 150/90. which of the following would the nurse expect as the treatment to normalize this client's bp? a. low-fat diet b. smoking cessation programs c. daily exercise d. drug therapy

d. drug therapy

which term describes a situation in which blood pressure is very elevated but there is no evidence of impending or progressive target organ damage? a. secondary htn b. primary htn c. hypertensive emergency d. hypertensive urgency

d. hypertensive urgency

the nurse is caring for a client who has had 25 mg of hydroclorothiazide added to the med regimen. which instruction should the nurse give? a. take this medication before going to bed b. you may develop nasal congestion or depression while taking this c. you may drink alcohol while taking this d. increase the amount of fruits and veggies you eat

d. increase the amount of fruits and veggies you eat

a client with a history of htn is receiving client education about structures that regulate arterial pressure. which structure is a component of that process? a. parasympathetic nervous system b. limbic system c. lungs d. kidneys

d. kidneys

the nurse is planning the care of a patient admitted to the hospital with htn. what objective will help to meet the needs of this patient? a. making sure the patient adheres to the therapeutic medication regimen b. scheduling the patient for all follow-up visits and making phone calls to home to ensure adherence c. instructing the patient to enter a weight loss program and begin an exercise regimen d. lowering and controlling the BP without adverse effects and without undue cost

d. lowering and controlling the BP without adverse effects and without undue cost

the nurse is assessing a patient with severe htn. when performing a focused assessment of the eyes, what does the nurse understand may be observed related to htn? a. cataracts b. retinal detachment c. glaucoma d. papilledema

d. papilledema

the nurse is instructing on the proper technique for measuring BP; what action indicates further need for teaching? a. palpate systolic pressure before auscultating BP b. centers the BP cuff directly over brachial artery c. wraps the BP cuff firmly around the arm d. positions the arm at waist level

d. positions the arm at waist level

a 35 yr old has been diagnosed with htn; is a stock broker, smokes daily, and has diabetes. client states that visits just to check BP are time consuming. as the nurse which aspect of client teaching would you recommend? a. discussing methods for stress reduction b. advising smoking cessation c. administering glycemic control d. purchasing a self-monitoring BP cuff

d. purchasing a self-monitoring BP cuff

the nurse assesses a healthy middle-aged client with a blood pressure of 158/90. in which classification of hypertension is the client? a. normal bp b. elevated bp c. stage 1 htn d. stage 2 htn

d. stage 2 htn

a 65 year old client is beginning medical management of recently diagnosed htn. the most important strategy in this client's treatment is reducing: a. systolic pressure below 130 b. diastolic pressure below 90 c. diastolic pressure below 80 d. systolic pressure below 150

d. systolic pressure below 150

when administering benazepril with spironlactone, the nurse should be aware that which electrolyte imbalance may occur?

hyperkalemia