Human Body Systems and Health 2-1

Analyzing Ideas: Veins and arteries are everywhere in your body. When a pulse is taken, it is usually taken at an artery in the neck or wrist. Explain why.

The wrist and the neck are two places where a large artery is close to the surface of the skin and the pulse can be felt.

How does the meaning of the words systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation differ?

Blood travels to and from the lungs in pulmonary circulation. Blood travels to and from the body in systemic.

Making Comparisons: Why is the structure of arteries different from the structure of capillaries?

Arteries and capillaries have different functions: arteries carry blood under pressure away from the heart, and capillaries allow the exchange of gases, nutrients and wastes in cells.

How does the meaning of the words artery and vein differ?

Arteries have stretchy, thick walls and carry blood away from the heart. Veins have valves and carry blood toward the heart.

Describe the three types of blood vessels.

Arteries have thick,stretchy walls and carry blood away from the heart. Capillaries are tiny blood vessels that allow the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients between cells and blood. Veins are blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart.

Why is atherosclerosis dangerous?

Atherosclerosis is dangerous because it is the buildup of material inside an artery. When the artery becomes blocked, blood can't flow and can't reach the cells. In some cases, a person can have a heart attack from a blocked artery.

Making Inferences: One of aspirin's effects is that it prevents platelets from being too "sticky." Why might doctors prescribe aspirin for patients who have had a heart attack?

Example: A doctor might prescribe aspirin to keep platelets from sticking together and blocking an artery or vein, especially one in the heart. Such a blockage might cause another heart attack.

What is the difference between a heart attack and heart failure?

Example: A heart attack happens when heart muscle cells get insufficient oxygen and die, which may cause the heart to stop beating. Heart failure is when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the needs of the body.

Identifying Relationships: How is the structure of capillaries related to their function?

Example: Capillaries are very small and have very thin walls. This structure lets capillaries be near every cell and allows oxygen, nutrients, and carbon dioxide and other wastes to pass into and out of the capillaries and to and from cells

What are the four parts of the cardiovascular system? Describe the functions of each part.

Example: heart: to pump blood to lungs and to all parts of the body; arteries: to carry blood from the heart to the lungs and to all parts of the body; capillaries: to allow the exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes between cells and blood: veins: to carry blood back to the heart.

What are the four main parts of the cardiovascular system?

The four main parts of the cardiovascular system are the heart and the arteries, capillaries, and veins.

artery

a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the body's organs

cardiovascular system

a collection of organs that transport blood throughout the body

capillary

a tiny blood vessel that allows an exchange between blood and cells in other tissue

Which of the following is true of blood in the pulmonary veins? a. The blood is going to the body. b. The blood is oxygen poor. c. The blood is going to the lungs. d. The blood is oxygen rich.

d. The blood is oxygen rich.

vein

in biology, vessel that carries blood to the heart

systemic circulation

the flow of blood from the heart to all parts of the body and back to the heart

pulmonary circulation

the flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart through the pulmonary arteries, capillaries, and veins