Humanities Unit 2

Which statements describe the aria "Dovo sono" from Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro

Elegant melody, rhythm clearly marks the sung phrases, expresses emotions vividly

Which philosopher viewed reality as a process that operated on the principle of the dialectic-thesis, antithesis, and synthesis?

George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The etching of Rome's Pantheon was created by ________________

Giovanni Battista Piranesi

In the book __________________'s Travels, Jonathan Swift satirizes Human behavior

Gulliver

Which answers appropriately describe the classical style of the opening of the First Movement of Mozart's Serenade Eine Kleine Nachtmusik?

Harmony that supports the melody and never obscures it, Obvious cadences in which the music clearly stops, melody that is clear to understand and easy to sing

Which aspects can be varied in a theme and variations composition in Classical music?

Harmony, rhythm, melody

Which statement is true of Jean-Jacques Rousseau?

He argued that the natural inquisitiveness of children should be cultivated

Neoclassicism was inspired and fueled by the archaeological excavations of

Herculaneum and Pompeii

Neoclassicism was inspired and fueled by the archaeological excavations of ______________

Herculaneum and Pompeii

In what were the Transcendentalists interested?

Hinduism and Buddhism, and the belief in the oneness of spirit and nature

Which of the following statements about Voltaire are true?

His writings attacked bigotry and injustice, he was educated by jesuits

The ____________ River School was a group of American landscape painters who worked in the 1830's and 1840's

Hudson

Immanuel Kant's philosophy laid the basis for the belief that reality consists of the mind's forms of perception and understanding, or transcendental _____________

Idealism

To which of the following sources in the classical culture of antiquity can Classical music of the late Eighteenth Century be compared?

-Clear geometric forms (circles, squares) in building designs -In architecture, rows of identical columns -Three-part form: left-middle-right in architecture, beginning-middle-end in music

Which of the following statements are true about music during the classical era?

-Order and formality were emphasized over spontaneity and improvisation -Composers sought the patronage of wealthy aristocrats, at whose courts they often served

The German philosopher who defined "life-will" as an impersonal force without inherent meaning or design was

Arthur Schopenhauer

The German philosopher who defined "life-will" as an impersonal force without inherent meaning or design was ______________

Arthur Schopenhauer

Olaudah Equiano was born in the West African kingdom of

Benin

Kidnapped from Senegal, Phillis Wheatley was a slave in __________

Boston, MA

Thomas Jefferson wrote that slavery was a "____________ Evil"

Necessary

Jacques-Louis David's painting - The Death of Socrates is best described as __________________ in style

Neoclassical

American Transcendentalism emerged out of ___________

New England

Why is Couperin's "Le Croc-en-jambe" from Ordre No. 22 classified as Rococo period music?

Ornamented melodic elements, thin timbre of the harpsichord

________ declared that poets were the "unacknowledged legislators of the world."

Percy Bysshe Shelley

Sainte-Genevieve (renamed the "Pantheon" was inspired by ______

St. Peter's in Rome, St. Paul's in London, the Roman Pantheon

Which of the following groups of instruments made up early symphony orchestras?

Strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion

In the eighteenth century the primary product for which Europeans enslaved Africans was ______________

Sugar

Which industry was transformed first in the Industrial Revolution?

Textile Manufacturing

Which are characteristics of the paintings of Antoine Watteau?

The fleeting nature of love and the pursuit of pleasure

Rococo sculpture is characterized by

intimacy and spontaneity

Compared to Greuze's genre paintings, Chardin's paintings were

less sentimental and moralizing

Compared to the Baroque era, Rococo music was ____________

lighter and more melodic

Charles Darwin used the term "_________ selection" to describe the process by which evolution operates to favor traits that aid the survival of species

natural

Many romantics embraced ______________, the idea that the divine spirit pervades all things in the universe

pantheism

Jean-Antoine Houdon sculpted

portrait busts and life-sized sculptures

Marie-Louise-Elizabeth Vigee-Lebrun painted primarily

portraits of women

Neoclassicism differed from earlier revivals of classical ideals because of ____________

scientific studies of ancient ruins

Early orchestras were _______ than those of today

smaller

The ____________ is a composition for an unaccompanied keyboard instrument, or for another instrument with keyboard accompaniment

sonata

Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot called his late paintings ____________, or remembrances.

souvenirs

The instrument group that forms the nucleus of an orchestra is the _________

strings

Chinese landscape paintings typically are:

sweeping views, executed in monochrome ink

Charles Darwin's theories were developed in part because of his study of fossils on __________

the Galapagos Islands

The Arch of Triumph was inspired by the _____________

Arch of Titus

What is the other name for the Rococo style?

Galant

Who was the author of the History of Ancient Art, published in 1764?

Johann Joachim Winckelmann

Which artist wrote "the sky is the source of light in nature and governs everything?"

John Constable

Which poet proclaimed that "Beauty and truth are one"?

John Keats

In France, the lower and middle classes were known as the ______ estate

Third

The architect for the Rotunda, University of Virginia was ____________

Thomas Jefferson

_______________ proclaimed that the American Revolution had done more to enlighten the world and promote freedom than any other event

Thomas Paine

True or False: Franz Joseph Haydn's Symphony No. 94 is known as the Surprise Symphony because of an unexpected chord.

True

True or False: Leaders of the American Revolution adopted Roman phrases and symbols to demonstrate their commitment to liberty and equality

True

True or False: Over 100,00 people paid to see this painting by Frederic Church

True

Ralph Waldo Emerson was ordained as a ____________ minister

Unitarian

Henry David Thoreau's most famous book was based on the 26 months he spent living near

Walden Pond

In the eighteenth century, ____________ music was made distinct from popular or folk music

classical

In Hegel's thought, _________ consists of a thesis, which confronts its antithesis, resulting in a synthesis

dialectic

Walt Whitman wrote primarily in _________ verse

free

In addition to its broader meaning, classical music refers to music composed between approximately _______

1760 and 1820

Mozart wrote over ___________ musical compositions

650

Jonathan Swift wrote __________

A Modest Proposal, Gulliver's Travels

Which facts are true about taxation in pre-revolutionary France?

All taxes were paid by the lower and middle class, Almost four-fifth of the average peasant's income was paid in taxes

European Rococo design was most influenced by the art and design of ____________

China

Arrange the sequence of events for the American Revolution from first to last:

Declaration of independence, thirteen colonies declare,

Identify any musical element creatively used by Haydn to create a memorable aesthetic effect:

Dynamics- On the same beat, a group of tones are suddenly and unexpectedly played loudly Rhythm- There is a strong accent on a usually unaccented beat

In Critique of Practical Reason, Immanuel Kant proved that reason had little to do with morality

False

True or False: Mozart ignored classical symphonic form in his compositions

False, Mozart adhered to classical symphonic form, with exposition, development, and recapitulation

This quilt is an example of American _________________ art, made by artists who were not technically school, but who worked communally within a craft tradition

Folk

In Candide, Voltaire uses some of the following satirical techniques

Irony, understatement, overstatement

How does Neoclassical architecture compare to earlier Classical revivals?

It is austere, It is geometric

What role did Neoclassical architecture have in Napoleon's France?

It was the vehicle for French imperialism

The Swing was painted by

Jean-Honore Fragonard

Who wrote: "God makes all things good.... man meddles with them and they become evil."?

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

What were some of the social effects of early industrialization?

Long working hours under dangerous conditions, increased mass production and consumption of goods

By 1799, _________ began to break from some of the formal aspects of classical music, beginning to add tension and force to his compositions

Ludwig Van Beethoven

_________ poetry is marked by individual or personal emotin

Lyric

The voyage on which slaves were transported between Africa and America was called the ____________

Middle Passage

Match the general characteristics of landscape painting with its era and location

Renaissance: A visual record of a specific time and place French seventeenth century: An ideal landscape, and the stage for biblical or mythological subjects Dutch seventeenth century: Empirically precise views of the physical world Romantic: Landscape as a vehicle of expression of an artists' emotions

The term __________ style derives from rocaille, the French word for ornate rock or shellwork that ornamented gardens or grottoes

Rococo

What style of eighteenth-century visual art earned the disapproval of many philosophes prompting Denis Diderot to demand an art that made "virtue attractive and vice odious"?

Rococo

Voltaire was fascinated by ________________, for its blend of European and Asian culture

Russia

________ introduced indignant protest through humor and was used to point out the contradictions between Enlightenment ideals and reality

Satire

______________ Darwinism attempted to justify the alleged superiority of groups, nations, and races using the ideas of natural selection

Social

Which of the following is true about the effects of the Industrial Revolution?

The Industrial Revolution increased the population of cities, and transformed the West away from an agrarian society.

Which of the following elements of The Oath of the Horatii mark it as neoclassical in style?

The archaeological correctness of elements such as clothing and helmets, the figures stand on a horizontal line of the picture plane, the use of hard contours and somber colors

Which resulted within a few years from the end of the French Revolution?

The declaration of the rights of woman and citizen, and the execution of tens of thousands of people

Aspects of Chinese society that were the targets of Chinese satirists included _______________

The exam system of China's civil service, female footbinding

What is so surprising about Haydn's Symphony No. 94 in G Major, known as the "Surprise" Symphony?

The sudden fortissimo at the end

The most mystical of the major British Romantic poets was

William Blake

Who described poetry as "the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" which originate "from emotion recollected in tranquility"?

William Woodsworth

The following are examples of traditional Native American art:

Woodcarving, pottery

Bacchante

a female attendant or devotee of Dionysus

Satyr

a semibestial woodland creature symbolic of Dionysus

Francois Couperin's The Art of Playing the Clavecin includes instructions for playing musical ornaments known as __________________

agrements

Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro is an example of _______________

an opera buffa

Visual exaggeration of peculiarities or defects is known as ____________

caricature

Jean-Baptiste Greuze's paintings represent _______________

the simple virtues of everyday life

J.M.W. Turner's "Snowstorm" painting is an expression of _______

the sublime

In China, landscape paintings overtook figure paintings in popularity by the ________ century

thirteenth