Hunter Safety Ch 5-Primitive Hunting Equipment and Techniques

- shaft - fletching - arrowhead - nock

4 parts of an arrow

Smokeless powders can cause serious injury if used in muzzleloaders.

Don't use modern-day smokeless powders in black powder firearms for muzzleloaders.

pitting

Firing a muzzleloader leaves a corrosive residue inside the barrel that reduces accuracy and causes

Wait until you're ready to fire before you prime or cap a muzzleloader.

Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction. Do not lean over, stand in front of, or blow down the muzzle.

crossbow

a bow with a rifle-like stock that shoots bolts or short arrows

nocking point

a certain point on the bowstring where arrows are nocked

round balls

a projectile for muzzleloaders used mainly for target practice but also can be used for hunting

nock

a slotted plastic tip located on the rear end of the arrow that snaps onto the string and holds the arrow in position.

bowstring

a strong cord with a loop or pocket at each end that fits over the limb tip of recurve bows and some longbows

covered quiver

always keep broadheads in a

JUDO point

arrowhead point designed with spring arms attached to catch in grass and leaves, preventing arrow loss; used for "stump" shooting and small game hunting

fish point

arrowhead point that is long, barbed or spring-loaded arrowhead that spears fish and secures them until landed with an attached line

blunt point

arrowhead point used for small game hunting and some types of target shooting; made of steel, hard rubber, or plastic

bullet point

arrowhead steel point used for target shooting and small game hunting

field point

arrowhead steel point used for target shooting and small game hunting

40 yards or less

bow shots are usually limited to

- longbow / stick bow - recurve bow - compound bow

common bow types

- broadhead - mechanical (expandable) blade broadhead

common types of arrowhead broadheads

- bullet point - blunt point - field point - JUDO point - fish point

common types of arrowhead points

ramrod

determine if the gun is already loaded by checking the barrel with a

rifles

guns that most muzzleloaders commonly are

3 fingers

how many fingers draw a bowstring

- Percussion Lock Muzzleloaders: Slip the discharger over the nipple - Flintlock Muzzleloader: Place the discharger against the touchhole

how to use a CO2 discharger to clear the barrel

the bow

incorrect stiffness will cause the arrow to fly erratically and inaccurately. The arrow, regardless of shaft material, must have the correct stiffness to match

calibrated powder measure

load a muzzleloader directly from a

- wood - fiberglass - aluminum - carbon

modern shafts are made of

2 triggers, allowing the shooter to fire each barrel separately

most double-barreled guns were designed with how many triggers

pure lead

most projectiles for muzzleloaders are melted as cast from

cock feather

one of the feathers of fletching that is a different color, the others are the hen feathers

- muzzleloader firearm - bow and arrow - crossbow

primitive hunting arms

- Many states have laws which limit the use of crossbows. - Never travel with a loaded, cocked crossbow. - Like conventional bows, the crossbow is limited to short-range shooting.

rules of crossbows

shotguns

smooth-bored muzzleloaders

hang fire

sometimes a muzzleloader will not fire immediately when the trigger is pulled

1. Measure powder charge. 2. Pour measured powder down barrel. 3. Place patch and ball on muzzle. 4. Tap ball into barrel with starter. 5. Take out ramrod. 6. Ram ball down barrel. 7. Be sure ball is completely seated. 8. Clear vent hole with pick if necessary. 9. On flintlock muzzleloader, pour powder into pan and close frizzen. 10. On percussion lock muzzleloader, place cap on nipple.

steps for loading a muzzleloader

- Pyrodex - Clear Shot

synthetic substitutes for black powder that can be used in muzzleloaders

muzzleloader

term given to early firearms because they are loaded from the muzzle or open end

recurve bow

this bow is popular because it's smooth and quiet

15 yards

to ensure accuracy, most bow shots are taken at

a haul line

use this to raise a bow and quiver into a tree stand to avoid serious injury

fletching

the 3+ plastic vanes or feathers on an arrow. It creates wind drag and also can cause the arrow to spin similar to a rifle bullet, providing stability and accuracy in flight

fouling

the buildup of residue, which makes loading difficult

shaft

the long spine of the arrow. As an arrow is released, this bends before straightening in flight

compound bow

the most popular bow for both hunting and target shooting

black powder

the only type of powder that should be used in muzzleloaders

arrowhead

the point of the arrow

- Grasp the arrow between the thumb and index finger of the right hand (if you're a right-handed shooter). - With your left hand, hold the bow parallel to the ground about waist high, string toward the body. - Lay the arrow shaft on the bow's arrow rest. - Align the slot in the nock with the string, while making sure that the cock feather points up (while the bow is parallel to the ground). - Pull the arrow back until the string snaps into the slot.

to nock the arrow

broadhead

used primarily for big game hunting. The number of steel blades it contains may vary. The only arrowhead that may be used for big game hunting is the broadhead. It must be solidly built and always razor-sharp. Many states have laws governing the minimum diameter and number of cutting edges of the broadhead used to hunt big game