HY 121 Chapter 15 - Reconstruction

In 1869, - - -, who opposed granting black men the right to vote when white women could not, established the National Republicans began to face criticism from their constituencies about the cost of Reconstruction.Woman Suffrage Association. That same year, - -, who supported the Fifteenth Amendment, established the American Woman Suffrage Association.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton; Lucy Stone

How did Congress attempt to eradicate the power of the Ku Klux Klan?

Enforcement Acts

Freedmen's Bureau objected to take land from whites to give it to former slaves. True/False

False

The Republicans in Congress were unified in their vision for Reconstruction. True/False

False

The United States was the only society to experience problems with labor during the transition from slavery to freedom. True/False

False

The new state governments under the control of Republicans failed to improve life in the South during Reconstruction. True/False

False

President Grant's public denouncement of Reconstruction weakened northern support for Reconstruction. True/False

False; Grant did not denounce Reconstruction

Why did Congress bring articles of impeachment against Andrew Johnson?

He violated the Tenure of Office Act.

More than 2,000 African-American men held public office during Reconstruction. They were elected into positions at all levels of government, including the -, the U.S. Senate, and as governor of -. This represented a fundamental shift in power in the -.

House of Representatives; Louisiana; South

Why did southerners oppose Reconstruction?

Reconstruction governments were corrupt. Southern whites could not accept the idea of blacks' equality. Poor southern whites did not experience the improvement to their economic situation as they had hoped.

Why did northern Republican support for Reconstruction diminish in the 1870s?

Republicans began to face criticism from their constituencies about the cost of Reconstruction; Many of the Radical Republicans who had established the Reconstruction plan had died; Many believed that the federal government had created the conditions of freedom, and success was now up to blacks; Many northerners believed that the South should be able to solve its own problems.

In what ways does the Sharecropping Contract limit the freedom of the laborers?

The freedmen are required to compensate the landowner if they miss work for a day. The freedmen are contractually obligated to "obey" the landowner.

How did the Black Codes attempt to regulate the lives of former slaves?

They did not allow blacks to vote. They denied blacks the right to testify in court against whites. They prohibited blacks from serving on juries. They denied blacks the right to serve in state militias.

Why was education so important to freed blacks?

They wanted the opportunity to take part in politics. They wanted to be able to read the Bible. They wanted to prepare to participate in the economic marketplace.

Why did former slaves believe that landownership was the cornerstone of freedom?

They were entitled to the land because of their unpaid labor. It allowed for the development of black communities independent of white control.

Former slaves believed that their political freedom should include the right to vote. True/False

True

Former slaves worked to reunite and stabilize their families in the Reconstruction period. True/False

True

Freedmen's Bureau objected to establish schools for blacks. True/False

True

Freedmen's Bureau objected to provide aid to the poor and aged. True/False

True

Freedmen's Bureau objected to secure equal treatment for blacks before the courts. True/False

True

Freedmen's Bureau objected to settle disputes between blacks and whites. True/False

True

The Bargain of 1877 decided the election of 1876 in favor of the Republicans, while the Republicans promised to recognize Democratic control of the South, essentially ending Reconstruction. True/False

True

The Fifteenth Amendment divided the women's movement, as some of its leaders, who were disappointed that it didn't enfranchise woman, separated from their former antislavery allies, while others stayed aligned with them in support of the greater cause for equal rights for all. True/False

True

The Fifteenth Amendment prohibited the federal and state governments from denying any citizen the right to vote because of race. True/False

True

The Fourteenth Amendment established the principle of citizenship for all persons born in the United States and empowered the federal government to protect the rights of all Americans. True/False

True

The Liberal Republican Party began to side with Democrats in believing that the federal government's power had grown too much during the war and needed to be curtailed. True/False

True

The Supreme Court's failure to fully uphold the rights of blacks weakened northern support for Reconstruction. True/False

True

The economic depression of the early 1870s weakened northern support for Reconstruction. True/False

True

The growth of Democratic power in Congress weakened northern support for Reconstruction. True/False

True

In 1869, - became the first state in the Union to establish woman suffrage because of the need to -.

Wyoming; attract settlers

Their name suggests they packed all of their belongings in a suitcase and left their homes eager to take advantage of opportunities in the South; Northern whites relocated to the South after the Civil War. Southern whites believed they had come simply for economic gain.

carpetbaggers

The former slaves defined freedom as the right to mobility, education, political participation, and -. Southern whites defined freedom as -, not a right. Northern Republicans believed freedom was the right of labor to - and advance in society.

landownership; a privilege; compete

These were wartime Unionists who cooperated with the Republicans to prevent "rebels" from returning to power; Southern whites supported the Republican Party and were believed to be traitors to their race by many southern whites.

scalawags

The - survived in the rice kingdoms of South Carolina and Georgia, while - was preferred in Louisiana's sugar plantations. - came to dominate in the cotton and tobacco regions of Virginia and North Carolina.

task system; wage labor; sharecropping

an agency established by Congress in March 1865 to attempt to establish a working free labor system

the Freedmen's Bureau

The Ku Klux Klan used its tactics of terror on any - - who supported the Reconstruction effort, including -, party officials, and officeholders.

white Republicans; teachers