ICT Programming Review

Consider the recipe below: 1. Heat oven to 350 2. Mix all 20 ingredients 3. Pour ingredients into dish 4. Place dish in Oven 5. Remove after 30 min Which instruction in this algorithm would be considered a loop structure?

2

Which option lists the problem-solving steps in the correct order?

4,2,1,3

A set of instructions that tells a computer what to do to accomplish a particular task is called:

A computer program

Veronica has written a computer program that locates records in a database. During testing, the program suddenly stops running. What is most likely causing the program to stop running?

A runtime error

Which of the following best defines the term "algorithm"?

A set of step-by-step instructions to solve a problem or perform a task

Katherine is creating a computer program that will allow the cursor to jump to a different location when the mouse is clicked on a certain image. Which programming component should Katherine use to tell the program what to do when the mouse is clicked on the image?

An event handler

Binary is based on which number system?

Base 2

Which term is used to describe expressions that result in the value of either true or false?

Boolean

Which term describes a series of zeros and ones that represent the basic unit of data that a computer processes?

Byte

Which type of language is translated entirely to machine language before use?

Compiled

What enables a programmer to determine the order in which instructions are executed, as well as the number of times (or even if) an instruction is executed?

Control structures

What is the process that a programmer uses to identify errors and make corrections to a program that does not perform the way it was intended or produces incorrect results?

Debugging

Which term is also used to describe the selection control structure?

Decision

Which term describes the testing method used by programmers to work through program code by hand using a pencil and paper?

Desk checking

When a computer is performing the instructions contained in a program, it is called:

Executing

Variables can hold different types of data, and they are classified based on the type of data they hold. The numbers 7.5, 2.1 and 48.6 would be stored using which variable data type?

Floating Point

What is the term for a graphical diagram that uses symbols to represent the steps contained in a program?

Flow chart

Horatio is interested in computer programming languages, but he has very little experience in using them. Which type of programming language should he explore because it is easier to learn, use, read, and modify?

High-level

Jasmine and her team are creating an animated maze game that responds to the keys pressed on the keyboard. The team meets to discuss the game objectives and key components of the program. They create a list of objectives for designing the game. Which problem-solving activity did the team complete in this first meeting?

Identify and understand the problem.

What is the first step for creating an algorithm to solve a problem?

Identify and understand the problem.

Which type of statement is an example of a selection programming structure?

If/else

Consider the loop control structure in programming. Which term describes a loop that continues repeating without a terminating (ending) condition?

Infinite Loop

Candida has added the variable names needed by her program. She must now assign an initial value to each variable. What is the term for assigning this initial value?

Initializing

Erik is using object-oriented programming to design a game. He has created a Dragon class, and he has used the Dragon class to build two Dragon objects. Which term describes the objects that Erik built using the Dragon class?

Instances

Which variable data type is used to store a whole number that does not contain a decimal?

Integer

Which program translates a number of program instructions, waits for the computer to execute them, and then translates the next series, until the program is fully executed?

Interpreter

Which statement is true regarding structured programming?

It is a set of rules for defining how declarations, functions, commands, and other statements should be arranged in a computer program.

Which term is also used to describe the loop control structure?

Iteration

Scott has written a program to add together a group of numbers and then divide the total by the number of items added to produce the average value. When he tested the program, he noticed that the program is multiplying the total by number of items, not dividing as he intended. Which type of programming error has mostly likely occurred?

Logic

Which control structure indicates the do/while statement?

Loop

Which control structure repeats a set of instructions until some condition is met?

Loop

You have written a program that asks the user for a number and then multiplies the number by 2 ten times before the program ends. Which type of control structure is this?

Loop

What is the only language that a computer can understand?

Machine

Which statement is true about objects?

Objects created using the same class must contain the same properties, however, the properties may contain different values.

Which term describes the various characteristics of an object, such as size, color and type?

Property

To focus on the logic and make refinements to a program before translating it into a programming language, a programmer often creates an outline of the program's algorithm. What is the term for this type of outline?

Pseudocode

if <this is true> do this else do something else The statements in this example show an example of:

Pseudocode

Ben wrote the following psuedocode: 1) Select a random number between 1-10 2) Store as "firstNumber" 3) Select a random number between 1-10 4) Store as "secondNumber" 5) Multiply the "firstNumber" and "secondNumber" together 6) Store the answer as ____________ If "firstNumber" selected is equal to 7, and "secondNumber" selected is equal to 9, then "Result" is equal to 63. What would fill in the blank?

Result

Which type of programming error causes a program to stop loading or executing?

Runtime

1 Input a number 2 Check to see if the number ends in 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8? 2a If yes, write "The number is even." 2b If no, write "The number is odd." This is an example of which type of control structure?

Selection

Jackson has written a section of code in his program that instructs a character to move forward unless it encounters an obstacle, such as a rock. If the character encounters an obstacle, then it should change direction before moving forward again. If it does not encounter an obstacle, it should continue moving forward. Which type of control structure has Jackson written?

Selection

Which control structure will execute an instruction only after the computer evaluates conditions to determine if a certain condition exists?

Selection

Which type of programming structure requires each instruction to be performed in order, with no possibility of skipping an action or branching off to another action?

Sequence

What are the three main programming structures?

Sequence, selection, loop

Instructions (such as a recipe) are written so that each step is performed one at a time, from top to bottom, until the task is completed. This type of instruction process is called:

Sequential

Which term describes a set of instructions that lists steps that must be followed in a particular order, starting at the beginning and continuing to the end?

Sequential

Which type of programming is designed by breaking problems into smaller, logical problems to make them easier to execute?

Structure

The set of rules that must be followed when writing program instructions for a specific programming language is called:

Syntax

Which type of error occurs when a programmer misspells a word or instruction?

Syntax

How is structured programming similar to a recipe?

The steps must be performed in a certain order to produce the proper result

During testing, your development team identified some problems in the first program draft. What is the next step you need to complete?

Use logic to plan a solution

Which of the following is used to store data in the computer's memory that the computer can access and use when running a program?

Variable

You are designing a computer program that calculates the amount of change a customer should receive. You create a program design document using the following pseudocode to demonstrate the program flow: item1 = input cost of item 1 item2 = input cost of item 2 item3 = input cost of item 3 total = item1 + item2 + item3 amtPaid = input amount paid change = ________________ Notice the blank at the end of the program. Which expression correctly completes the blank?

amtPaid - total

Which operator is an example of a Boolean operator?

ll

Using short informal phrases to describe program functions (such as "if total is more than 10, add discount") is called:

pseudocode

Aaron would like to create a program that allows the user to find the average of five numbers. He has asked for your help. Below is the pseudocode Aaron has written: Enter five numbers Add the numbers entered Multiply the sum of the numbers entered by 5 Display the result After examining the code, you determine that:

the program needs to divide the sum of the numbers entered by 5, not multiply