IDG1362 Introduksjon til brukersentrert design

What are field studies?

Field studies is a user research activity that takes place in the user's context rather than in your office or lab. The range of possible field-study methods and activities is very wide. Field studies also vary a lot in terms of how the researcher interacts (or doesn't) with participants.

What are Jakob Nielsen's 10 heuristics?

#1 Visibility of system status. #2 Match between system and the real world. #3 User control and freedom. #4 Consistency and standards. #5 Error prevention. #6 Recognition rather than recall. #7 Flexibility and efficiency of use. #8 Aesthetic and minimalist design. #9 Help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors. #10 Help and documentation.

What are the four questions asked in order to setup an Evaulation Plan?

(Why) Purpose, goals, and objectives of the test • Exploration, assessment, validation, comparison (What) Method (test design) • Formative or summative evaluation techniques (How) Tasks, Moderator role, Test environment, Equipment, and logistics • Practical testing consideration (Who) Participant recruitment • Who and how many should you involve in the evaluation (Results): Data to be collected and evaluation measures

Name nine methods for creating in the ideation phase.

1. Brainstorming 2. Brainwriting 3. HMW Questions (How Might We) 4. Crazy 8 5. 6-3-5 method (brainwriting) 6. Attribute listing: Participants emphasise ideas based on the perspective of different attributes (such as physical, social, procedural, or psychological) of a problem or idea. 7. 5 Ws + H: Invites participants to ask themselves six questions and look at variations of the answers to each of those. who, where, what, why, when, and how 8. 10 plus 10 - deep sketching: Everyone makes one sketch. One of these are chosen for the starting point of the second round. Everyone sketches based on the chosen one. Each group ends up with 10 +10 sketches. 9. Creative matrix: The Creative Matrix is a grid where each cell represents the intersection of two different categories. Columns can be problem statements or subproblems from HMW questions. Rows can be enabling solutions (e.g., technologies, environments, or policies)

Name 6 methods that can be used to carry out user research.

1. Diary studies 2. Interviews 3. Surveys 4. Card sorting 5. Focus groups 6. Field studies

What are the four phases in the double diamond design process?

1. Discover (explore the problem): Understand the issue rather than merely assuming it. It involves speaking to and spending time with people who are affected by the issues. 2. Define (decide what to fix): The insight gathered from the discovery phase can help to define the challenge in a different way. 3. Develop (test potential solutions): Give different answers to the clearly defined problem, seeking inspiration from elsewhere and co-designing with a range of different people. 4. Deliver (refine final solution): Involves testing out different solutions at small-scale, rejecting those that will not work and improving the ones that will.

What are the three steps to a general process of user research?

1. Doing. 2. Documenting. 3. Joint summary and analysis.

Name five voting ranking(reducing) methods. One has been mentioned earlier.

1. Dot-voting (previous time) 2. Nose-picking 3. Raise of hands 4. Barometer 5. Four categories method Benny hill is just for sorting/grouping, not reducing.

What are the three appropriate techniques in applied research?

1. Evaluation Research 2. Research and Development 3. Action Research

What are the three activities we have learned to use in the "understanding phase"?

1. Exploration of the problem space: This activity is about working in a team and reflecting on ideas and seeing multiple perspectives on the problem area. 2. Desk research: Get informed about the problem by doing academic research, look at already existing practical solutions (applied research), or look at what other designers in the same problem space have chosen to do to solve the problem (competetive analysis). 3. User research: Gives us the ability to achieve a precise and intuitive understanding of people's needs, actions and attitudes (insights).

Name atleast five types of interface.

1. Graphical (Your computer) 2. Command based (Linux terminal) 3. Speech (Hey Siri) 4. Tangible (VR) 5. Mobile 6. Touchless 7. Wearable (Apple Watch)

Name atleast three methods of evaulation. (Formative or Summative)

1. Heuristic evaulation (Formative method) 2. Cognitive Walkthrough (Formative method) 3. Usability testing in-person (It depends) 4. Eye tracking (Summative method) 5. RITE (Formative method) 6. Desirability testing (Summative method) 7. Remote testing (Summative method) 8. Live experiments (Summative method)

Name three methods for reducing in the ideation phase. (max 8)

1. Idea portfolio 2. Dot voting 3. Octopus clustering See image

Name the four interaction types.

1. Instructing 2. Manipulating 3. Conversing 4. Exploring Instruction: Giving instructions to a system (e.g., typing, selecting from menus, touching, speaking, gesturing, pressing buttons). (Buying a coke from a soda machine) Manipulation: Interacting with system by manipulating virtual or physical objects. (Moving files on a computer) Conversing: Users have a dialog with a system. (AI shopping help). Exploring: Moving through a virtual environment or a physical space.

Brainstorming is usually carried out in workshops. There are certain steps/components to these workshops. Can you name the four covered by the lecturer?

1. Post-up (Hanging up the ideas you have come up with). 2. Idea grouping (Grouping of ideas based on similarity or themes. Similar to Affinity diagram or card sorting). 3. Mapping: Grouping of ideas based on similarity or themes. 4. Forced ranking: Identify and prioritise the best ideas democratically.

What are the three types of interview and how do they differ?

1. Structured interview: A complete script that is prepared beforehand. There is no room for improvisation. 2. Semi-structured interview: The researcher may have prepared some questions beforehand, but there is a need for improvisation. 3. Unstructured interview: A normal conversation.

Can you name three process models? And how do they fit concept wise into the double diamond framework?

1. The waterfall model is a linear, sequential approach to the software development life cycle (SDLC) that is popular in software engineering and product development. The waterfall model emphasizes a logical progression of steps. 2. The Spiral Model repeats steps of a project, starting with modest goals and expanding outward in ever-wider spirals (called rounds). Each round of the spiral constitutes a project, and each round may follow traditional software development methodology such as modified waterfall. A risk analysis is performed each round. 3. RAD Model or Rapid Application Development model is a software development process based on prototyping without any specific planning. In RAD model, there is less attention paid to the planning and more priority is given to the development tasks. It targets at developing software in a short span of time. These process models are simply alternatives to the "simple interaction design lifecycle process". They are all about actually developing the product, and therefore all fall under the 3rd phase of double diamond.

What are the four rules of the Ideation Principle?

1. There are no bad ideas. 2. Capture everything. 3. Use hybrid brainstorming (Do both individual and group brainstorming). 4. Quantity over quality.

What factors make user research difficult to carry out? (max 5)

1. Time 2. Money 3. Access (e.g., users, participants, context) 4. Bias (Personal beliefs may attain a certain outcome) 5. Legal issues (Obtaining consent)

When are Surveys the most appropriate? (3 situations)

1. When we need to say something about the entire population of something. 2. To measure differences between groups of people. 3. To identify changes over time in people's attitudes and experiences.

What is a Cognitive Walkthrough?

A cognitive walkthrough is a task-based usability-inspection method that involves a team of reviewers walking through each step of a task flow and answering a set of prescribed questions to identify those aspects of the interface that could be challenging to new users. It is a task-specific approach to usability in contrast to heuristic evaluation which is a more holistic usability inspection.

What is Hindsight bias?

A common tendency for people to perceive events that have already occurred as having been more predictable than they actually were before the events took place. (i knew it all along).

What is a focus group?

A focus group is a research method that brings together a small group of people to answer questions in a moderated setting. The group is chosen due to predefined demographic traits, and the questions are designed to shed light on a topic of interest. Focus groups are a type of qualitative research.

What is brainstorming?

A method for creating in the ideation phase that teams use to generate ideas to solve clearly defined design problems. This technique requires intensive, freewheeling discussion in which every member of the group is encouraged to think aloud and suggest as many ideas as possible based on their diverse knowledge.

What is the Six Thinking Hats method?

A method for creating in the ideation phase. Basically roleplaying. Participants are encouraged to sequentially adopt different viewpoints by changing hats and ideate based on these.

What is HMW?

A method for creating in the ideation phase. How might we questions are short questions that launch brainstorms. A How might we question can generate lots of creative ideas. Here's an example of a How might we question: How might we ensure more people pay their taxes before the deadline?

What is the 6-3-5 method?

A method for creating in the ideation phase. Is considered brainwriting. -6 team members -3 ideas each -5 other team members review each design idea -No discussions allowed during the process

What is Crazy 8?

A method for creating in the ideation phase. It is a fast sketching exercise that challenges people to sketch eight distinct ideas in eight minutes. The goal is to push beyond your first idea, frequently the least innovative, and to generate a wide variety of solutions to your challenge.

What is the Five Whys method?

A method for creating in the ideation phase. Method made famous by Toyota, we look at a problem or fact and ask ourselves "why" five times or more. Each answer can be the starting point for ideation.

What is Octopus clustering?

A method for reducing in the ideation phase. It is a very quick group method to sort and cluster ideas in preparation for a decision. Everyone takes part, so everyone gets to know the range of ideas. A crowd of people stand in front of a wall of sticky notes. The people are arranged in rows. The front row actively sorts the notes; the rows behind them have various support or preparation functions. Every few seconds, the rows cycle so a new group of people come to the front and every row gets a new role. After a few cycles, the sticky notes are sorted and the group know the content.

What is Design? (There's no correct answer)

A plan or production to show the look and function or workings of a building, garment, or other objects before or after it is made.

What is dot voting (also called multi-voting)?

A prioritization method in which everyone gets a number of dots (or some other voting token) to distribute as they wish among the available options.

Define Prototypes.

A prototype is an early model of an object you build to test a design. Prototypes are drafts of your final version, focusing on functionality and giving your stakeholders a clear picture of your final product. Prototypes are drafts of your final version, not the final version.

What are storyboards?

A storyboard is a graphic organizer in the form of illustrations or images displayed in sequence for the purpose of prototyping when talking about the ideation process.

Name three software for Design.

Adobe Illustrator • Adobe Photoshop • Sketch

Explain advantages and disadvantages of sketching in ideation.

Advantages: Easily available, fast and efficient. Disadvantage: Not really detailed.

If you've just finished doing research on a problem space, which phase of the 4 in total (in the double diamond process) are you about to step into?

After finishing the analysis of your research, you should be deciding on your final problem statement. This would enter you into the second stage of the process. Remember: Doing research on a problem state is you exploring the problem.

What are affinity diagrams?

An affinity diagram is the organization of ideas into a natural or common relationship. For example, bananas, apples, and oranges would be grouped as fruits, while green beans, broccoli, and carrots would be grouped as vegetables.

What is the definition of applied resarch, and can you name 3 sources of applied research?

Applied research is original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. Easier explained: You do the research yourself. You do not base yourself on other people's previous research papers. 1. Other companies. Their websites might contan some information of value on the problem space. 2. Lectures. For an example TED talks on youtube. Someone with broad knowledge might hold a presentation regarding the problem space. 3. Research blogs.

Under what phase would card sorting be conducted?

As you should already have some good keywords on the notes you are going to get the user to sort, you are probably more into the development phase. You could also make use of this method during the understanding phase. Card sorting is a user research method just like: Diary studies, Interviews, Surveys, Card sorting, Focus groups and Field studies.

Name some other creating methods used in the ideation phase (max 5).

Attribute listing: Participants emphasise ideas based on the perspective of different attributes (such as physical, social, procedural, or psychological) of a problem or idea. 5 Ws + H: Invites participants to ask themselves six questions and look at variations of the answers to each of those. who, where, what, why, when, and how 10 plus 10 - deep sketching: Everyone makes one sketch. One of these are chosen for the starting point of the second round. Everyone sketches based on the chosen one. Each group ends up with 10 +10 sketches. Creative matrix: The Creative Matrix is a grid where each cell represents the intersection of two different categories. Columns can be problem statements or subproblems from HMW questions. Rows can be enabling solutions (e.g., technologies, environments, or policies)

Name five software for Prototyping.

Axure RP • Balsamiq • InVision • Adobe Xd • Figma

Why do we evaluate?

Because it is called User-Centered Design. We need to find out if the design works for the users. We haven't done that so far. Observing people using your design is the only way to learn where the issues are and how to fix them. It is cheaper to find issues with the design in this phase before going into development. The main reason is to learn, not to prove that our design is the best.

Should mockups, storyboards, sketches and picture scenarios be used before or during prototyping?

Before. But sketching (paper prototypes) can be used during the prototyping stage.

Name the sorting method named after a comedian and explain what it does.

Benny Hill sorting. Everyone stands in a group holding a piece of paper. They move through the group, exchanging papers randomly and repeatedly. Then, in pairs, they compare the two papers they're holding and assign points to each. The exercise repeats several times and the results for each paper are summed.

What are the pros of focus groups according to the lecturer?

Can bring different individuals around the same table. You can also bring questions, probes (follow-up questions), tasks, prototypes etc

What is card sorting?

Card sorting is a research method in which study participants group individual labels written on notecards according to criteria that make sense to them.

What are the three types of card sorting called and breifly explained how the work.

Closed card sorting: Categories are provided beforehand, and participants add cards to them. Open card sorting: Categories are created by participants. Hybrid card sorting: Categories are provided beforehand, but participants can add their own.

What is the method called in which you list the features, strengths, and weaknesses of your competitors?

Competitive analysis is a major part of any comprehensive market analysis. It allows you to gather information about your competitors, assess their strengths and weaknesses and helps you build strategies to improve your competitive advantage.

What is the technique called in which you draw eight sketches in eight minutes?

Crazy8

During the ideation phase (creating different solutions to your problem statement), what are the name of two main categories of methods used?

Creating and reducing.

What is the first phase in the HCD framework?

Discovery/research Research is a systematic attempt, using socially approved methods to extend our knowledge and understanding of the world We want to endup with answers to interesting questions like: - Why is ... this a problem - Why do people do this ... instead of this... - How do people experience this ... in their live But how can we come up with these questions? - By observing the world and how people live their lives, - By focusing on specific aspects of their lives - By conducting Research HCD involves four phases of sequential work: discovery/research, design/idea generation, delivery/prototyping, and measurement/testing.

Which 2 of these 4 are considered sketch qualities? Disposable Time consuming Cheap Detailed

Disposable Cheap These are qualities of creating sketches.

Explained the Four categories method voting ranking methods.

Divide ideas according to their relative abstractness, ranging from the most rational choice to the 'long shot' Participants decide upon one or two ideas for each of these categories. This method ensures that the team covers all grounds, from the most practical to the ideas with the most potential to deliver innovative solutions.

What is the name of the design process that has taken its name from a gemstone, and what does it entail?

Double Diamond is the name of a Design framework(aka design process model). It consists of certain steps one should go through in order to carry out a design process. The two diamonds represent a process of exploring an issue more widely or deeply (divergent thinking) and then taking focused action (convergent thinking). It suggests that the design process should have four phases: Kort video om double diamond: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w0_-1RqBK_0&ab_channel=DesignogarkitekturNorge

When should you use Formative evaluation methods?

Early in the product development life cycle to discover insights and shape the design direction. They typically involve user testing with low-fidelity mocks or prototypes.

What kind of human behavior is crucial to a human-centered design process according to the lecturer?

Empathy is crucial to a human-centred design process. It helps designers to set aside their own assumptions about the world in order to gain insight into their users and their needs. This is a part of the user research which is done in the understanding phase.

How would a high fidelity Prototype behave?

May look and behave exactly like the final product but usually is developed with prototyping tools (no code).

What does HCD stand for, and what does it intale?

Human-centered design. It is a design framework. It consists of certain steps one should go through in order to carry out a design process. Can be looked upon as a problem-solving technique that puts real people at the center of the development process, enabling you to create products and services that resonate and are tailored to your audience's needs. The goal is to keep users' wants, pain points, and preferences front of mind during every phase of the process. In turn, you'll build more intuitive, accessible products that are likely to turn a higher profit because your customers have already vetted the solution and feel more invested in using it.

What are the four objectives of prototyping?

Idea validation: It can help you, and your team work out exactly what you're trying to achieve. Collaboration with others: It can help collaborate with others in the development team (e.g., explain functionality to developers). Convince stakeholders: Often you need a prototype to prove to investors and stakeholders that this idea is worth taking to the next step. Testing: Helps get a version of your design to end users to test it before development starts.

What are diary studies?

In a diary study, data is self-reported by participants longitudinally — that is, over an extended period of time that can range from a few days to even a month or longer. During the defined reporting period, study participants are asked to keep a diary and log specific information about activities being studied.

What is an Idea portfolio?

In an idea portfolio, ideas are ranked according to two variables and arranged on a portfolio or graph. Because two variables are used, the method can balance different needs and appeals to analytical mindsets. It is a great way to prepare the groundwork for an informed decision, and even allows a strategic view of the options.

What does Heuristic evaluation intale? And what kinda method is it?

It involves a number of expert evaluators examining an interface and judging its compliance with a set of recognized principles (the "heuristics"). Heuristic = guideline or rule of thumb (a well-known design principle). It's an evaulation method.

What are Empathy Maps?

It is quite similar to personas, but you specify a little more closely what these people could say, what they think, what they do and how they feel. Briefly explained: It is a method used to visualise what the user says, does, hears and thinks. The map gives the project team a common understanding of the user in a given context.

How would you define evaluation?

It is the process of reviewing, trying out or testing a design idea, a piece of software, a product or a service to discover whether it meets some criteria. It means watching people interact with your design by asking them to do something (complete a task).

What are two types of prototypes we use? (in terms of quality)

Low fidelity and High fidelity prototypes.

Is the use of wireframes considered a low or high fidelity prototype?

Low fidelity. These are computer-based models but very stripped down, almost skeletal in their lack of detail so there is nothing to distract from the primary purpose which is to test out the working structure, architecture and functionality. Having this laid out barely without any real design or content helps to understand the working relationships within the elements and whether they work logically - and practically - to deliver outcomes to the user. Visual design (e.g. color, typography, layout) - less color and time spent on layout would be considered low fidelity. Low fidelity = placeholder text, images

Explained the barometer voting ranking methods.

Method 1: Hang or draw a simple "barometer" - say, a Likert scale from -2 to +2 - on every item. The participants go around the room and place a pen mark or dot to show their "vote" for each item. Method 2: Give everyone a bright sticky note and ask them to hold it high over their heads ("I like it"), low by their knees ("I hate it"), or somewhere in between to vote for each item. Method 1 = x-axis, Method 2 = y-axis

Are sketches prototypes?

No. But they can be (paper prototypes).

Are observations or interviews insights?

No. Only yes if the observation and interviews are analysed. Insight is a discovery about the underlying motivations and rationales that drives people´s actions. One certainly discovers motivations and drives in people by conducting interviews or observations, and then analysing these. It is important to point out here that the lecturer only believes that observations are insights if one actually analyzes the observations one has made. Just having an observation in itself is not considered insight.

Are sketches and prototypes the same thing?

No. Sketches and prototypes have a different purpose. Sketches dominate the early ideation stages, whereas prototypes are more concentrated at the later stages where things are converging within the design funnel.

Is usability and user testing the same?

Nope. Usability testing is a type of an evaluation method, but not all evaluations are usability tests. Usability is a quality attribute that assesses how easy user interfaces are to use. The word "usability" also refers to methods for improving ease-of-use during the design process. Usability is concerned with the "effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction with which specified users achieve specified goals in particular environments" (ISO 9241-11).

What are user studies?

Observation techniques used to gain an understanding of people's behaviours, needs and motivations. You create scenarios and let users accomplish tasks (without your interference) while you observe them. Using think aloud protocol. A think-aloud protocol is the process of having participants speak what they are thinking as they complete a task. User studies and user research is not the same thing.

We have mentioned both lofi and hifi prototypes. What is the names of the two other commonly used prototyping methods?

Paper prototypes: These are a rough schematic of a site produced on paper showing the relationships between the various elements. These are typically used early on in the design and development for validating the fundamental, underlying concepts and testing the logic of the design. Basic flaws in reasoning, layout, comprehension and structure can be flushed out using this method. Physical prototypes: Use of material that will allow us to create a physical representation of our design. Cardboard, glass, plastic electronics (e.g.Arduinos, sensors, servo motors), laser cut wood, 3D printed parts, lego, anything we have available.

What is the Dunning-Kruger effect?

People assess their cognitive ability as greater than it is and comes from the inability of people to recognize their lack of ability.

What are Personas?

Personas are fictional characters, which you create based upon your research to represent the different user types that might use your service, product, site, or brand in a similar way. Gathers your insights into realistic and recognisable semi-fictional characters with personality traits, needs, motivation and goals of the user in focus.

If you have just finished the ideation phase, which phase are you entering?

Prototyping phase.

Give some examples of digital artifacts (mediums).

Screen sizes, keyboards, brands, etc.

Explain the "simple interaction design lifecycle process model" (four phases), and how does this concept fit into the double diamond? It was mentioned in lecture 2.

See image: The diamond in the top left are the two first phases of the double diamond design process. The third phase of this double diamond would be the "develop" phase. For completing this phase, you could make use of this simple iteraction lifecycle process. It's basically an indefinite cycle for how you can develop a product. You can think of this process as replacing or filling in for the 3rd phase of the double diamond framework. It's a way of carrying out the 3rd phase of the double diamond. Once the development is finished, you would enter the 4th and final phase. This simple interaction design lifecycle process consists of these four phases: 1. Establish requirements 2. Designing alternatives 3. Prototyping 4. Evaulating

Explained the raise of hands voting ranking methods.

Self explanatory. Nerd.

What is the Hawthorne effect?

The Hawthorne effect is the modification of behavior by study participants in response to their knowledge that they are being observed or singled out for special treatment. In the simplest terms, the Hawthorne effect is increasing output in response to being watched.

What are the steps in the general flow of the interaction design process?

The IxD process involves 5 stages: discovering what users need/want, analyzing that, designing a potential solution, prototyping it and implementing and deploying it. This is a more general way of thinking. It is more important to understand the double diamond process.

What is the definition of Insights according to the lecturer?

The ability to achieve a precise and intuitive understanding of people's needs, actions and attitudes. Insights can be created by analysing your findings using an affinity diagram. Insight can then be used to refine your problem statement. Once you have good insight, you can start creating personas or empathy maps.

If you've just finished the prototyping phase of the user-centered design process, what is the name of the phase you're about to enter?

The evaluation phase.

What is Gestalts Laws of Perception?

The gestalt theory of perception attempts to explain the way the human brain interprets information about relationships and hierarchy in a design or image based on visual cues like proximity, similarity, and closure.

What is the difference between academic and applied research?

The main thing about academic research is that it leads to recommendations but not necessarily to answers that solve problems. Answering problems is something that is done with applied research.

What is Ideation?

The process of creating multiple alternative solution to your problem statement. The solutions must be in the form of text, sketches or maps of ideas.

What is the advantage of interviews over surveys?

They allow you to delve deeper into particular topics of interest. And while a survey is generally static, interviewers can ask follow-up questions or clarify what the respondent meant. Also, researchers can see whether particular questions make an interview subject nervous or whether the test subject struggles to answer the question. Because of their one-on-one nature, interviews are much more time-intensive than surveys.

When should you use Summative evaluation methods?

Typically done toward the end of the product development life cycle with high-fidelity prototypes or the actual final product to evaluate it against a set of metrics (e.g., time on task, success rate).

What is braindumping?

This is like brainstorming, but done individually.

What is brainwriting?

This is like brainstorming, but everyone writes down and passes ideas for others to add to before discussing these.

What is brainwalking?

This is like brainwriting, but members walk about the room, adding to others' ideas.

Explained the nose-picking voting ranking methods.

To vote, each team member puts one finger on their nose; They count to three, and each quickly put that finger on their preferred item. Anyone who hesitates, even for a split second, has lost her vote. If there is a tie, discount all the other items, briefly discuss the favorites, and vote again on the tied items

What is the main focus behind usability tests?

Usability tests are User studies with focus on how easy it is to use our designs. It also involves observing real users use your design without prompting or help. Users are asked to complete tasks. They are usually observed by a or researcher to see where they encounter problems and experience confusion.

What does UX stand for, and what is it?

User Experience. UX includes all aspects of the end-user's interaction with the Company, its services and products. It includes the users' thoughts, feelings and attitudes about your application website or interface. It involves the users' perception of usability It is more subjective.

What are the three most important reasons we evaluate according to the lecturer?

We evaulate our design In order to understand: 1. Users. 2. Their needs. 3. Their understanding of the product.

When do surveys have advantages compared to a interview?

When we want answers from hundereds or thousands of people, we use surveys to get more generalized information and to get a broader statistic.

Can a design be usable and at the same time not useful?

Yes. - Utility = whether it provides the features you need. - Usability = how easy & pleasant these features are to use. - Useful = usability + utility. Therefore a design can be usable and at the same time not useful.

Is usability testing an evaulation method?

Yes. There are many variations of usability testing methods. - Heuristic Evaluation - Cognitive walkthrough - RITE (rapid iterative testing and evaluation) - Remote or in person tests - Lab usability study - A/B testing (experiments

Should you jump straight into high fidelity prototypes when prototyping? Why/Why not?

You shouldn't. Jumping directly into hifi prototypes may not be the best idea. People may feel its final so be reluctant to suggest changes or may fixate on aesthetic aspects.