Illinois State Fire Exam Study
"An area surrounding the incident site (e.g., collapsed structure or trench) whose size is proportional to the hazards that exist."
"Rescue Area (or Hot, Danger, or Collapse Zone)"
Only life safety rope must be inspected after each use. (T/F)
'False'.
Every building is conmposed of the following building elements:
- Structural Frame - Floor Construction - Roof Construction
What are examples of the DOT Class 6 Hazard Class?
- Toxic Substances - Infectious Substances
What factors must fire investigators identify before classifying fire cause? a. Ignition source, material first ignited, ignition sequence b. Building construction classification, exposures, ignition source c. Ignition source, exposures, firefighting tactics used d. Scope of damage, insurance, injuries sustained
. Ignition source, material first ignited, ignition sequence
What type of fuel has a definite size and shape?
. Solid
Which type of fuel does not contain carbon? a. Inorganic b. Reactive c. Simple d. Organic
.Inorganic
Collapse Zone of a building is how many times the height of the building
1.5
The critical temperature for steel trusses is:
1000F
How many feet do vibrations need to be shut off from a Trench Rescue incident?
300
Responders should stop all vibrations for at least _____ feet from a collapse.
300
In high-value districts, fire hydrants should not be spaced more than ___ apart. (792) A. 300 feet (100 m) B. 350 feet (105 m) C. 400 feet (120 m) D. 450 feet (135 m)
300 feet (100 m)
How often should steel scba cylinders be tested?
5 years
OSHA statistics indicate that ______ of deaths in trench cave-ins are would be rescuers.
65%
to NFPA 1962 hose should be inspected and service tested within how many days before placed in service for the first time and at least once anually thereafter.
90 Days
OSHA standards indicate ____ of fatalities at confined space incidents result from hazardous atmospheres.
90 percent
Class ___ is the most stable soil.
A
Which of the following was developed to force entry on locks with collars? a. Shove knife b. K-tool c. J-tool d. A-tool
A-tool
Ladders should be inspected...
After each use and Monthly
For non permit space, an entry method called_____ is used.
Alternate Entry
Where/When does Salvage start
Anytime
highly efficient type of fire suppressant agent, used by itself to attack flammable liquid pool fires
Aqueous film Forming Foam
The location of a pretensioner might be______.
B post (low or mid-point)
Slope evacuation is not a type of rope rescue. Select one: a. True b. False
B. False
An explosion caused by the rupture of a vessel containing a pressurized liquid above its boiling point.
BLEVE
Amount of heat required to raise one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit
BTU
Intermediate partial bulkhead that reduces the surge effect ina partially loaded liquid tank
Baffle found in tanker
When raising a ladder with a one person flat-raise, the ______ is placed against the wall first
Butt
Authoritative flow of organization from bottom to top
Chain of Command
Most stable soil, cohesive, clay
Class A
Which type of ladder is designed to be used as a self-supporting stepladder and as a single or extension ladder? a. Straight ladder b. Combination ladder c. Extension ladder d. Roof ladder
Combination ladder
Geographical Destination in ICS
Division
fire service organizational principles works to prevent duplication of effort?
Division of labor
Extinguishers suitable for class A, B, or C fires
Dry Chemical Extinguishers
Which part of the facepiece assembly releases exhaled air without admitting in the contaminated outside atmosphere? a. Speaking diaphragm b. Nose cup c. Exhalation valve d. Facepiece frame
Exhalation valve
Building material typically used for insulation purposes and is located between interior/exterior walls and between ceilings and roofs, material used to bind it may be combustible and difficult to extinguish
Fiberglass
Fire Crews using a stand pipe should attack the fire at the ____________ _______________ the fire
Floor Below
Going to do your own job without command, DO NOT DO
Freelancing
Beams that may fail when exposed to fire because the glue holding the laminates together may be affected by the heat
Glulam Beams
What do modern buildings have built-in that can contribute to the spread of smoke and toxic gases throughout a structure? a. Exhaust systems b. HVAC systems c. Automatic systems d. Smoke control systems
HVAC systems
Second major cause of fire in the US
Heating
Involves venting through wall openings such as windows and doors. May be useful in single story structures when fire has not involved the attic or if the roof has been weakened, or multistory structures when fire is below the top floor.
Horizontal Ventilation
Can be used to stop the flow of water in a hose line
Hose Clamp
Petroleum based organic compound that contains only hydrogen and carbon
Hydrocarbon Fuel
condition caused by deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching body tissues
Hypoxia
An atmosphere that poses an immediate threat to life, soul cause irreversible adverse health effects, or would impair an individuals ability to self rescue from a dangerous atmosphere
IDLH
Increase the flow rate of Dump valves
Jet Dumps
Rope constructed by twisting several groups of individual strands together.
Laid Rope
The moving parts of a particular machine.
Machinery
Physical Science is the study of _____ and ______?
Matter and energy
When the natural flow of air currents and the currents created by the fire is insufficient to remove smoke, heat, and fire gases, what type of ventilation is necessary? a. Hydraulic b. Protected c. Mechanical d. Vertical
Mechanical
To make less harsh or intense, to alleviate
Mitigate
Number of times personal escape rope can be used
Oncec
What is the main duty of a Firefighter I?
Perform assigned tasks under supervision
Which of the following is an example of a push/pull tool? a. Drywall saw b. Battering ram c. Hux bar d. Pike pole
Pike pole
Rate at which energy is being transferred over time
Power
Detailed plan of step-by-step action for conducting policy
Procedure
a minimum requirement for protective clothing and equipment as established by NFPA® 1500?
Protective equipment must meet current NFPA® design standard
Steel bars that are placed in concrete forms before the cement is poured, when concrete sets (hardens) this material adds consideralbe strength
Rebar
When forcing overhead doors, which of the following is BEST to use? a. Pick-head axe b. Cutting torch c. Prying tool d. Rotary saw
Rotary saw
What is the personnel accountability system that requires the accountability officer to record an expected exit time?
SCBA tag system
Which of the following sources of energy is a form of oxidation? a. Resistance heating b. Spontaneous ignition c. Self-heating d. Sparking
Self-heating
Very strong metal box, engineered to withstand pressure of earth, protects against moving dirt
Shielding
What three indicators help determine fire behavior?
Smoke, air flow, heat and flame
This principle establishes the maximum umber of subordinates or functions that any one supervisor can control, typically three to seven Five is considered optimum
Span of Control
used to uncouple fire hose
Spanner Wrenches
What does an FDC supply
Sprinkler/Standpipe
Personnel who provide administrative and logistical support to line units.
Staff/Support Functions
Set of principles developed through consensus
Standard
A water source such as a a pond or lake
Static Water source
What does the abbreviation SARA stand for?
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act
Who must determine what effect breaching will have on making an opening in the structural integrity of interior walls? a. Insurance adjusters b. Business owners c. Firefighters d. Supervisors
Supervisors
Rope that has excellent resistance to water, mildew, mold rotting, shrinkage and the effects of ultraviolet light. Very strong but lightweight however melts when exposed to heat
Synthetic fiber rope
2 common materials salvage covers are made of
Synthetic, Natural
Which 4 types of cancers are firefighters at great risk of contracting?
Testicular, Prostate, Non Hodgkins Lymphoma and multiple myeolma
Damaged equipment marked for training can be used in:
The correct answer is: non-live fire training.
Which types of hazards involve extreme heat or cold? (1302) A. Thermal B. Biological C. Mechanical D. Radiological
Thermal
Electrical Adaptor used for Secure connection
Three-Prong Twist lock
Sum of the driver reaction distacne and the braking distance
Total Stopping Distance
What product of combustion causes the most fire deaths? a. Thermal energy b. Carbon dioxide c. Toxic smoke d. Hydrogen cyanide
Toxic smoke
Fire Resistant, ( Example a parking garage)
Type I Construction
Process of converting a liquid into a gas
Vaporizaton
Ventilation that involves cutting a hole in the roof, scuttles or skylights
Vertical
Result of sudden stop of water flow that changes direction of energy in a water system
Water Hammer
When is a placard required?
When load exceeds 1,001 pounds or more
When is no placard required?
When load is less than 1,001 pounds
the only exception to the rule: never stand on or in moving apparatus?
When loading hose and apparatus is moving forward at 5 mph [8 km/h] or less
Which type of ladder costs the most?
Wood
all the factors taken into account when establishing on-scene control zones?
Work area needed, hazard present, weather conditions
Characteristics of water that make it valuable for fire extinguishment include: (944) A. low coefficient of friction. B. a single application method. C. a greater heat-absorbing capacity than other agents. D. an ability to change to steam with little energy required.
a greater heat-absorbing capacity than other agents.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations only apply to federal employees unless
a state jurisdiction decides to adopt them as part of local regulations
Scene surveys at an auto accident should include a(n) ____ step approach? a. 6 b. 4 c. 8 d. 3
a. 8
Roof-mounted equipment such as _____ add a substantial load to the roof and increase the probability of collapse. a. HVAC units b. wired security glass c. automatic smoke vents d. dormers
a. HVAC units
How many levels of MOPP are available? Select one: a. Six b. Four c. Two d. Eight
a. Six
MOPP is used by the U.S. military to protect against: Select one: a. chemical hazards. b. mechanical hazards. c. thermal hazards. d. asphyxiation hazards.
a. chemical hazards.
Steel toe boots are not recommended for wildland protective clothing because they: a. absorb and retain heat. b. interfere with mobility. c. do not have enough grip. d. do not protect enough of the leg.
absorb and retain heat.
In the acronym LUNAR, the A stands for: a. adjustment. b. arrangement. c. awareness. d. assignment.
assignment.
In high-value districts, fire hydrants should not be spaced more than ___ apart. Select one: a. 350 feet (105 m) b. 300 feet (100 m) c. 400 feet (120 m) d. 450 feet (135 m)
b. 300 feet (100 m)
Which public protection method is usually the best protective action? Select one: a. Protection b. Evacuation c. Sheltering-in-place d. Defending-in-place
b. Evacuation
A rescue incident may also include a hazardous materials situation? a. False b. True
b. True
A metal snap link that is used to connect ropes to other mechanical gear is called a: a. pulley. b. carabiner. c. winch cable. d. hitch.
b. carabiner.
The male threads on fire hydrant discharge outlets must conform to: Select one: a. NFPA® 1001. b. those used by the local fire department. c. NFPA® 1963. d. those used by neighboring jurisdictions.
b. those used by the local fire department.
The lowest, widest section of an extension ladder is called the: a. bed section. b. fly section. c. truss block. d. halyard.
bed section.
When operating at a roadside incident, ensure that floodlights are deployed to direct light down on the scene without:
blinding passing motorists.
One-hundred percent cotton underwear is recommended for station/work uniforms to prevent:
burns
Isolation and control valves are usually constructed of: Select one: a. PVC. b. aluminum. c. brass. d. plastic.
c. brass.
Isolation valves should be tested at least: Select one: a. once a month. b. twice a year. c. once a year. d. every other year.
c. once a year.
Most fire hydrants are made of: Select one: a. cast iron. b. bronze. c. brass. d. steel.
cast iron.
Most fire hydrants are made of: (794) A. steel. B. brass. C. bronze. D. cast iron.
cast iron.
Cutting edges on axes should be inspected for:
chips, cracks, or spurs.
The Incident Commander may give orders for all personnel to exit the hazard zone if: a. conditions change rapidly. b. media are on scene. c. triage is overwhelmed. d. new teams arrive.
conditions change rapidly.
Collapse of a trench can occur in as little as______.
d. 1/10th second
Which alternative energy source will include a shutoff switch on the electric meter? Select one: a. Fuel-powered generators b. Nuclear power rods c. Hydrogen cells d. Solar panels
d. Solar panels
Storage tanks for water distribution systems are typically constructed of: Select one: a. brass. b. cast iron. c. copper. d. steel.
d. steel.
The rapid intervention crew or team (RIC/RIT) carries a hoseline to create: a. a way to follow the path taken by the RIC/RIT. b. an emergency egress path. c. defensive space. d. defensive steam.
defensive steam.
The effect or lack of effect of fire streams indicates the size and extent of the fire when observing: a. heat. b. air flow. c. smoke. d. flame.
flame.
Any power tool not marked double insulated should
have a three-prong plug
Immediate communication during a MAYDAY situation: a. decreases chances of reoccurrence. b. creates more chances for self-rescue. c. allows for better air management. d. increases chances of survival.
increases chances of survival.
Fuel particles become smaller as the ratio of surface-to-mass: a. increases. b. stays constant. c. decreases. d. fluctuates back and forth.
increases.
To prevent personal injuries, ladders should be lifted and lowered using which group of muscles? Select one: a. Arm b. Back c. Chest d. Leg
leg
which of the following BEST describes a way to secure a firefighter to a ladder while performing work. a. Leg lock b. Rope hose tool c. Ladder lock d. Butt spur
leg lock
3 tactical priorities in order of importance
life safety, incident stabilization, property conservation
What should be used to clean Synthetic fiber rope
lukewarm to warm water with midld detergent or fabric softener
The unique characteristics of a fire apparatus can
make it more difficult to handle
When a collapse is imminent, personnel ___ in the collapse zone. a. are allowed to work b. may stay for twenty minutes c. may cautiously place an unstaffed master stream d. should never work
may cautiously place an unstaffed master stream
When forcing an inward swinging door, use another technique if the door is: a. wood or plastic. b. glass or aluminum. c. metal or metal-clad. d. fiberglass or made with synthetic fiber.
metal or metal-clad.
Green wood has a high ___ that affects burn rate.
moisture content
A tighter bend in a knot leads to: a. a more secure knot. b. a less useable knot. c. more strength lost in the knot. d. more strength added by the knot.
more strength lost in the knot.
If a firefighter becomes entangled, it is easier to move back the way the firefireghter came than to: a. maneuver over obstacles. b. move the wires out of the way. c. move forward. d. break free.
move forward.
Use of smoke ejectors to expel smoke and draw fresh air into a structure is a use of: a. negative-exhaust ventilation (NEV) b. positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) c. positive-exhaust ventilation (PEV) d. negative-pressure ventilation (NPV)
negative-pressure ventilation (NPV)
Damaged equipment marked for training can be used in: (280) A. live fire training. B. any type of training. C. non-live fire training. D. training for the public, not for firefighters.
non-live fire training.
Most hinges on swinging doors are mounted on ___ that permits swinging in one or both directions. a. both sides b. inside c. one side d. outside
one side
The locations of bathrooms and mechanical spaces can be indicated by roof: a. supports. b. penetrations and openings. c. coverings. d. decks.
penetrations and openings.
What is the primary duty of Firefighter I level personnel?
perform assigned task under the supervision of a Fire Fighter II or company officer
During size-up, a firefighter should identify a building's construction type and: a. potential for collapse. b. potential for rekindling. c. location of water source. d. location of mutual aid.
potential for collapse.
The all-hazards approach means the fire service:
provides a variety of services in the community.
Prefabricated wood truss systems may ______ very quickly when exposed to fire
quickly
After entering the structure, firefighters should use their _____ to increase awareness. a. communication skills b. senses c. team's knowledge d. personal protective equipment
senses
Moisture in the shell and liner material of personal protective equipment (PPE) could result in: a. shrinkage of PPE. b. air pockets. c. serious steam burns. d. discomfort during an incident.
serious steam burns.
Moisture in the shell and liner material of personal protective equipment (PPE) could result in: (280) A. air pockets. B. shrinkage of PPE. C. serious steam burns. D. discomfort during an incident.
serious steam burns.
In a kernmantle rope, the _____ protects the core from abrasion. a. sheath b. low stretch fiber c. twisted fiber d. overlapping strand
sheath
In a kernmantle rope, the _____ protects the core from abrasion. (374) A. sheath B. twisted fiber C. low stretch fiber D. overlapping strand
sheath
Braid onbraid rope is very strong. Half of its strength is the _____ and the other half is in the _____
sheath and core
A ___ occupancy type must meet the building code for its intended use.
single-use
Firefighters should practice ___ in order to be warned of extreme fire behavior or structural collapse. a. air management techniques b. situational awareness c. forcible entry techniques d. general search methods
situational awareness
Thermal imagers allow firefighters to see: a. sources of heat through water. b. sources of heat on the opposite side of walls. c. sources of heat through thick smoke. d. sources of heat under furniture.
sources of heat through thick smoke.
In 2010 the leading causes of fire fatalities were
stress and overexertion
Isolated flames in the gas layer during the growth stage indicates: a. the temperature is only slightly above ambient. b. the concentration of combustion products is low. c. that portions of the layer are within flammable range. d. hot and cool gases are mixing together.
that portions of the layer are within flammable range.
Latent Heat of Vaporization is: (944) A. the temperature at which a substance turns to steam. B. the temperature at which the rate of vaporization begins to decrease. C. the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree. D. the amount of heat required to convert a unit mass of a liquid into a vapor without temperature change.
the amount of heat required to convert a unit mass of a liquid into a vapor without temperature change.
Never assume all occupants are out of a structure until:
the building is searched.
Size-up is initially performed by: a. the escaped occupants. b. the reporting witnesses. c. the first firefighter on scene. d. the highest ranking officer on scene.
the first firefighter on scene.
Ventilating a rain roof will not remove smoke until: a. security measures are removed. b. the original roof is penetrated. c. the dead load is mitigated. d. sheeting layers are pierced.
the original roof is penetrated.
Webbing care and maintenance guidelines are: a. the same as those for synthetic rope. b. the same as those for natural rope. c. the same as those for kernmantle rope. d. the same as those for life safety rope.
the same as those for synthetic rope.
Webbing care and maintenance guidelines are: (384) A. the same as those for natural rope. B. the same as those for synthetic rope. C. the same as those for life safety rope. D. the same as those for kernmantle rope.
the same as those for synthetic rope.
When leaving a room, turn _____ the direction used to enter in order to continue the search. a. left from b. the opposite way from c. the same way as d. right from
the same way as
A collapse zone for a Type IV structure should be established when: a. it has been determined that glass shards will be directed at on-scene personnel. b. the structure has been weakened by repeated fires over time. c. walls begin to shift because the building is twisting. d. its veneer begins to curtain collapse.
the structure has been weakened by repeated fires over time.
Doors are classified by: a. what material they are made of. b. who the original designer was. c. the way they operate. d. where they are located in a structure.
the way they operate.
According to NFPA® 1500 emergency operations are limited to
those that can be safely conducted by personnel on scene
The male threads on fire hydrant discharge outlets must conform to: (795) A. NFPA® 1001. B. NFPA® 1963. C. those used by neighboring jurisdictions. D. those used by the local fire department.
those used by the local fire department.
Basement fires can be challenging without effective ventilation because firefighters have to get to the seat of the fire: a. without communication with the incident commander. b. with a limited number of responding personnel. c. through intense rising heat and smoke. d. without the necessary tools.
through intense rising heat and smoke.
Using air management procedures during an air emergency can help increase: a. time to remember details of the structure's layout. b. time to refill air. c. time for escape. d. time before the point of no return.
time for escape.
Cutting around a lock is another way to open a resisting door. Select one: True False
true
No single forcible entry tool handles all situations. Select one: True False
true
Security barriers block escape routes for both firefighters and occupants. Select one: True False
true
The halyard and pulleys are components of an extension ladder. Select one: True False
true
When transporting a rotary saw or chain saw to or from the point of operation, it is safest to: a. turn it off. b. move it up or down the ladder quickly. c. carry it in its proper case. d. turn it upright.
turn it off.
A small structure fire that requires ventilation consisting of opening doors and windows requires at minimum: a. two firefighters. b. four firefighters. c. three firefighters. d. five firefighters.
two firefighters.
During a search, close doors to rooms not involved in a fire unless the doors are: a. used for shelter. b. used for egress. c. used for ventilation. d. used for escape.
used for ventilation.
Firefighters should avoid _____ in order to prevent grinding dirt and debris into ropes. a. walking on rope b. exposing rope to rust c. exposing rope to sustained loads d. allowing rope to come into contact with chemicals
walking on rope
Forward lay
water to fire
When entering a building, carefully reposition pike pole and carry it: a. ahead of body. b. with head upright. c. blade forward and toward ground. d. on shoulder.
with head upright.
Which of the following statements about tying the extension ladder halyard is MOST accurate? a. The halyard should be tied using a figure-eight on a bight. b. The halyard should be tied to prevent the fly from slipping. c. The halyard should be tied differently for closed- and for open-ended halyards. d. The halyard should be tied before resting the ladder against the structure.
The halyard should be tied to prevent the fly from slipping
Factors to consider when deciding where to place a ladder include: a. the distance the ladder will be carried from the apparatus. b. the number of firefighters who will likely use the ladder. c. the structural features of the building. d. the estimated time required for the task.
The structural features of the building.
Type of damage on a fire hose that includes exposure to fire, high heat, or freezing temperatures.
Thermal Damage
What product of combustion may heat adjacent fuels, making them susceptible to ignition? a. Thermal energy b. Hydrogen cyanide c. Toxic smoke d. Carbon monoxide
Thermal energy
Which of the following statements regarding rural water supply operations is MOST accurate? (800) A. They require frequent practice. B. They are only necessary in rural areas. C. They are simple to perform and require little planning. D. They require at least three municipal fire departments.
They require frequent practice.
What does the abbreviation THIRA stand for?
Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment
Easiest type of Forcible Entry
Through the lock
What are the steps to hoisting a rotary saw or chain saw?
Tie a bowline or figure eight on a bight throughout the closed handle then attach a tag line through the handle
When using the Federal Emergency Management Agency's Urban Search and Rescue system (FEMA US&R), what does the mark above the X indicate? a. Hazards b. Victims and condition c. Time of completion d. Search unit
Time of completion
Why was the National Commission on Fire Prevention and Control established?
To determine how to reduce fire loss
What is the goal of the International Association of Fire Chiefs annual safety stand-down?
To focus on firefighter safety
When operating at an emergency scene, why should a firefighter scan the outside of a building before entry?
To locate possible escape routes
Why must the open areas around a smoke ejector be properly sealed? a. To prevent overheating of the smoke ejector and causing a fire. b. To prevent expelling fire gases from the building. c. To prevent air from recirculating back into the building. d. To prevent smoke from being exhausted through the roof.
To prevent air from recirculating back into the building.
When is a K-tool used? a. To cut a padlock b. To cut a section out of a panel c. To pull lock cylinders d. To make an opening near a lock
To pull lock cylinders
What is the mission of the fire service?
To save lives and protect property
What is the mission of the fire service? (21) A. To provide a variety of services B. To determine how fire loss occurs C. To save lives and protect property D. To regulate training of emergency responders
To save lives and protect property
How may elevators be used at fires in upper levels of structures? (1016-17) A. To transport equipment to the fire floor B. To transport personnel to the staging area C. To transport empty SCBA to the staging area D. To transport firefighting tools to the fire floor
To transport personnel to the staging area
What product of combustion causes the most fire deaths? (215) A. Toxic smoke B. Thermal energy C. Carbon dioxide D. Hydrogen cyanide
Toxic smoke
What piece of personal protective equipment (PPE) can be worn to increase visibility at roadway incidents?
Traffic vests with retroreflective trim
Oversees all training activities and supervises personnel assigned to the training division. Must be certified to Firefighter II or higher, based on the requirement so f NFPA 1041
Training officer/Chief of Training
What common element of flashover represents the shift from growth stage to fully developed stage? a. Transition in fire development b. Compartment c. Ignition of all exposed surfaces d. Rapidity
Transition in fire development
What type of cut is used to create a fire break that stops the spread of fire in common attic structures or large structures? a. Vertical cut b. Trench cut c. Offensive cut d. Exhaust cut
Trench cut
What type of company is responsible for forcible entry?
Truck company
What type of company is responsible for forcible entry? (26) A. Truck company B. Brush company C. Engine company D. Special rescue company
Truck company
Air-purifying respirators (APRs) are classified in three categories of filter degradation: N, R, and P. (T/F)
True
An easy way to determine the proper distance between the ladder butt and the building is to divide the working length of the ladder by four. Select one: True False
True
Before entry into an immediately dangerous to life and health area, firefighters should be aware of alternate means of egress. (T/F)
True
Buildings are composed of the same materials, all of which can prevent or contribute to fire growth.( (T/F)
True
During the primary search, firefighters check both known and likely locations of victims and fire conditions. (T/F)
True
If there is a possibility of extreme fire behavior, a firefighter should not attempt entry until coordinated fire control and ventilation is implemented. (T/F)
True
Nontraditional types of locks provide a higher level of security. Select one: True False
True
One of the goals of a fire and life safety initiatives program is to encourage and empower citizens to act in a safe manner to reduce the potential for fires, accidents and injuries. T/F
True
Size and moisture content affect how wood reacts to fire. (T/F)
True
Smoke control systems usually have a system diagram in the same location as the control panel, indicating where the alarm originated. Select one: True False
True
Synthetic rope is resistant mildew, mold, and rotting. (T/F)
True
T/F - Hoisting SCBA cylinders is prohibited by the OSHA because it is unsafe
True
T/F - Rope must be dried immediately after it has been washed and rinsed
True
T/F - Utility rope should never be used during rescue operations
True
T/F A FF must be able to answer questions on fire and life safety topics not traditionally covered under the title of fire prevention
True
T/F Can combustion occur without fire?
True
T/F Carbon monoxide is a flamable product?
True
T/F Codes are only enforceable when the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) adopts them
True
Tactical ventilation should only be performed when the fire attack hoselines and teams are in place and ready to advance toward the fire. Select one: True False
True
The exterior of a building can make it appear more substantial than it is. (T/F)
True
The fire service uses an organizational structure based on rank T/F
True
The inspection period for protective breathing apparatus is established by NFPA® 1852. (T/F)
True
The risk management model developed by the Phoenix (AZ) Fire Department is focused on behaviors that support a safety-first mindset (T/F)
True
The two general types of tactical ventilation used for structure fires are horizontal and vertical. Select one: True False
True
True or False : Tactical Ventilation should only be performed when the fire attack hoselines and teams are in place and ready to advance toward the fire.
True
True or False: Smoke control systems usually have a system diagram in the same location as the control panel, indicating where the alarm originated.
True
True or false: Restoring the HVAC system to operation after a fire is the responsibility of the building engineer or maintenance superintendent.
True
True or false: The two general types of tactical ventilation used for structure fires are horizontal and vertical.
True
What should you do before you force a door or window?
Try Before you Pry
How should forcible entry to open a door begin? a. Force a window to access lock b. Remove the hinge pins c. Try to open door in normal fashion d. Pry the door from the jamb
Try to open door in normal fashion
What type of webbing is mainly used for rescue applications? a. Flat webbing b. Utility webbing c. Life safety webbing d. Tubular webbing
Tubular webbing
How many rescuers may be needed to safely carry an adult? a. One to two b. Two to four c. One to three d. One
Two to four
Which of the following statements about tying in the most accurate? a. Tying in requires a great deal of time and is not recommended in emergency situations. b. Tying in is the process of securing a firefighter to the ladder while performing work. c. Tying in frees personnel who would otherwise be holding the ladder in place. d. Tying in is a complex process that can be performed only by experienced technicians.
Tying in frees personnel who would otherwise be holding the ladder in place.
Any source used to refill SCBA must provide what type of air quality? a. Type 1 Grade C b. Type 1 Grade B c. Type 1 Grade D d. Type 1 Grade A
Type 1 Grade D
For which type of construction is flying glass the primary collapse zone hazard concern? a. Type V b. Type III c. Type I d. Type IV
Type I
What type of construction is known as Fire resistive due to having a high level of protection from fire development and spread as well as Collaspe
Type I
Which of the following construction types has walls, floors, and ceilings that must be able to resist fire for three to four hours? a. Type V b. Type IV c. Type I d. Type III
Type I
Which of the following construction types is considered to be the most collapse resistant? a. Type I b. Type IV c. Type V d. Type II
Type I
Construction Type also known as non combustible or limited combustible construction, composed of materails that will not contribute to fire development or spread.
Type II
Construction normally used when fire risk is expected to be low
Type II
What construction type is composed of materials that will not contribute to fire development or spread?
Type II
Which Type of Structure is prone to collaspe due to only being constructed of lighter weight materials with lower fire residtance ratings?
Type II
Noncombustible Construction ( Example Metal Building)
Type II Construction
Which type of construction have voids inside the wooden channels created by roof and truss systems and between wall studs that will allow for spread of a fire
Type III
This style construction requires that exterior walls and structural members be constructed of noncombistible materials, Interior walls, columns, beams, floors and roofs are completely or partally constrcuted of wood
Type III (Ordinary Construction)
Ordinary Construction (Example building with stone on the outside)
Type III Construction
The interior elements in what type of construction are made of solid or laminated wood with no concealed space? a. Type V b. Type II c. Type III d. Type IV
Type IV
This type of structure is extremely stable and resistant to collaspe due to the sheer mass of their structural members, the heavy timber elements form an insulating effect derived from timbers own char that reduces heat penetration to the inside of the beam
Type IV
What type of construction is known as heavy timber/mill construction characterized by the use of large dimensioned lumber
Type IV
Heavy Timber Building
Type IV Construction
In what construction type are exterior load-bearing walls composed entirely of wood?
Type V
In which construction type is collapse influenced by the style of construction? a. Type IV b. Type II c. Type I d. Type V
Type V
Type of construction consists of framing materials that include wood 2x4, or 2x6 inch studs?
Type V
Which of the following construction types offers the appearance of Type III construction? a. Type I b. Type IV c. Type V d. Type II
Type V
Wood Frame Construction (Example a House)
Type V Construction
Which of the following must be considered when deciding the size of a collapse zone? a. Number of personnel on-scene and type of building construction b. Local adopted building codes c. Type of building construction and safest location for personnel d. Number of personnel on-scene
Type of building construction and safest location for personnel
3 factors to consider when forcing a swinging door
Type of door, how it is hung, how it is locked
Requries all personnel at roadway incidents to wear high visibility vests with reflecting trim
US Dept of Transportation (DOT)
Factory built homes, mobile or manufactured homes are generally exempt from local building codes and are instead regulated by _____?
US Federal government through the Dept of Housing and Urban Development
Where might a firefighter find wear due to friction during a routine personal protective equipment (PPE) inspection? a. Under arms, in crotch, at knee and elbow joints b. Where SCBA contacts the protective coat c. Along the path of a zipper d. Where SCBA facepiece and mask connect
Under arms, in crotch, at knee and elbow joints
Proper way to carry a Flat Head Axe
Under the Armpit
_______________ allows agencies with different legal, geographic, and functional authorities and responsibilities to work together effectively without affecting individual agency authority, responsibility, or accountability.
Unified Command
Which of the following limitations of respiratory protection may affect the ability to get a complete facepiece seal? a. Psychological limitations b. Lack of physical condition c. Unique facial features d. Inadequate pulmonary capacity
Unique facial features
______________ means that each individual has a designated supervisor to whom they report to at the scene of the incident.
Unity Of Command
This principle means that each employee reports directly to just one supervisor, Essentially all report to the fire chief
Unity of Command
Everyone only answers to one person or officer
Unity of command
What fire behavior can be the result of wind from outside the structure? a. Oxygen exclusion b. Unplanned ventilation c. Temperature reduction d. Chemical flame inhibition
Unplanned ventilation
Most common type of tool, most are designed to be carreid and used by one person although some may require two
Unpowered tool or Hand tool
Which of the following are components that have not been protected from rust or corrosion? a. Power tools b. Fiberglass handles c. Unprotected metal surfaces d. Plated surfaces
Unprotected metal surfaces
At what point do appropriate salvage procedures begin at a fire incident? (1106) A. After all fire personnel are on the scene B. Once the Company Officer determines it is time C. Once the last visual scan for remaining fire is complete D. Upon arrival, continuing until the last unit leaves the scene
Upon arrival, continuing until the last unit leaves the scene
Vapors, things lighter then air come into the respiratory into the aveli of the lungs, causing O2 getting into the blood
Upper Respiratory Issues
Which characteristic of modern construction produces large quantities of toxic, combustible gases during a fire? a. Treated wood components b. Use of plastics and other synthetic materials c. Lightweight structural components d. Energy efficient designs
Use of plastics and other synthetic materials
Which of the following statements provides the BEST guideline for lifting and lowering ladders? a. Keep knees straight and locked when lifting or lowering ladders. b. When lowering a ladder, keep feet perpendicular to the ladder. c. Use the correct number of firefighters for the length and type of ladder to be lifted or lowered. d. When lifting or lowering with a team, any member may start when ready, knowing the team will follow their lead.
Use the correct number of firefighters for the length and type of ladder to be lifted or lowered.
During hoisting, which of the following actions is the BEST way to help prevent damage to the equipment? a. Hoisting SCBA first b. Using proper knots and securing procedures c. Using the same hoisting method for all types of equipment d. Hoisting all equipment at once
Using proper knots and securing procedures
Rope used in any situation that does not involve life safety
Utility Rope
Rope used to hoist equipment, secure unstable objects or cordon off an area
Utility Rope
Which of the following types of rope is only used in situations not involving life safety? a. Utility rope b. Escape rope c. Life safety rope d. Water rescue rope
Utility rope
Which of the following types of rope is only used in situations not involving life safety? (371) A. Utility rope B. Escape rope C. Life safety rope D. Water rescue rope
Utility rope
What type of webbing is best suited for use as a part of a search line system? a. Life safety Class I webbing b. Utility webbing c. Life safety Class II webbing d. Life safety Class III webbing
Utility webbing
This collapse pattern occurs when the outer walls remain in tact and the upper floors and/or roof structure fail in the middle. This pattern offers a good chance of habitable void spaces being created along the outer walls.
V shaped Collapse
Which of the following situational awareness clues alert firefighters to the possibility a building may be occupied? a. Exterior indications of size of fire b. Types of landscaping near the structure c. Structural integrity of building based on age d. Vehicles in the driveway
Vehicles in the driveway
This allows for smoke to be removed and allows cool air into the compartment
Ventilation
A fire with limited ventilation in which the heat release rate or growth is limited by the amount of oxygen available to the fire.
Ventilation Controlled
Where may ladders be mounted on aerial or quint apparatus? a. Vertically, on the left or right side of the apparatus bed b. In a mechanically operated rack that lowers the ladder from the top of the hose bed c. Horizontally, in a fixed rack mounted above the hose bed d. Horizontally, in a compartment accessed from the right side compartment door
Vertically, on the left or right side of the apparatus bed.
Which of the following is an advantage of synthetic fiber rope? a. Very strong yet lightweight b. Resistant to sunlight c. Holds a knot firmly d. Does not melt when exposed to heat
Very strong yet lightweight
Which of the following is an advantage of synthetic fiber rope? (373) A. Holds a knot firmly B. Resistant to sunlight C. Very strong yet lightweight D. Does not melt when exposed to heat
Very strong yet lightweight
Which of the following BEST describes why firefighters must use SCBA during overhaul? a. Hazardous concentrations are typically below short-term exposure limits. b. Volume and density of smoke may be reduced, but the hazard is not eliminated. c. Hazardous concentrations of smoke are only present outside the structure. d. Smoke is not like other flammable gases; it will not burn or explode.
Volume and density of smoke may be reduced, but the hazard is not eliminated.
type of staffing performs required functions for minimal or no pay?
Volunteer
What building component may be an assembly of studs with exterior materials on the outside and an interior covering on the inside?
Wall
A patient is not dead until the patient is?
Warm and dead
What should be used to lcean a fire extingusiher?
Warm water and soap avoid using solvents
Signal Word for Moderate Toxicity
Warning
Which of the following is the BEST way to clean a fire service ground ladder? a. Wipe with a cloth soaked in a solvent, such as kerosene or turpentine. b. Wipe with a soft dry cloth, never expose to water. c. Wash with a soft bristle brush and running water and use mild soap as needed. d. Wash with a pressure washer, stiff scrub brush, and automotive detergent.
Wash with a soft bristle brunch and running water and use mild soap as needed.
preferred knot for joining two pieces of webbing, or the end so f the same piece when a loop is needed.
Water Knot
Any underground water pipe
Water Main
Which of the following involves hauling water from a supply source to the incident scene? (801) A. Water shuttle B. Relay pumping C. Supply operation D. Pumping operation
Water shuttle
Which of the following materials are salvage covers for loss control typically made of? (1109) A. Plywood B. Heat resistant foam C. Waterproof canvas or vinyl D. Heavy-weight treated leather
Waterproof canvas or vinyl
Where is the title of the shipping papers for rail cars?
Waybill/Consist
What is an individual's responsibility in the prevention of respiratory diseases?
Wear appropriate level of respiratory protection
Which of the following rescue methods is useful when heat and smoke require the firefighter to stay low? a. Incline drag b. Cradle-in-arms lift/carry c. Webbing drag d. Seat lift/carry
Webbing drag
Drags you can do by yourself
Webbing drag, clothing drag, fireman's carry
Hydrants that are filled with water so that they will not freeze
Wet Barrel Hydrant
Extinguishing system that uses a wet chemical solution as the primary extinguishing agent; usually installed in range hoods and associated ducting where grease may accumulate
Wet Chemical System
When is a collapse zone established?
When a defensive strategy is adopted
Which of the following should be indicated by a smoke control system control panel? a. Where the alarm originated b. What initiated the fire c. Who activated the alarm d. When the system will turn off
Where the alarm originated
Which of the following weather conditions has the most influence on ventilation operations? a. Precipitation b. Atmospheric pressure c. Wind d. Temperature
Wind
Which of the following weather conditions has the most influence on ventilation operations? (740) A. Wind B. Precipitation C. Temperature D. Atmospheric pressure
Wind
Which of the following is a characteristic of older structure construction? a. Larger structure sizes b. Smaller lot sizes c. Windows that could be opened for ventilation d. Wall cavities filled with synthetic insulation
Windows that could be opened for ventilation
When cutting a hole on a roof, stand on this side
Windward
The side or direction from which the wind is blowing
Windward Side
Which of the following prevents glass from shattering and falling out of frame? a. Fixed b. Wire glass c. Multiple panel d. Multi-pane
Wire glass
Alarm Boxes on street corners that allowed citizens to report a fire, Pressing a lever on the door transmits a unique telegraph code that identifies location of the activated box.
Wired Telegraph Circuit Box
What action should a firefighter take if thermal radiant heat burns develop while wearing personal protective equipment (PPE)?
Withdraw from area immediately
What action should a firefighter take if thermal radiant heat burns develop while wearing personal protective equipment (PPE)? (280) A. Move farther back from fire B. Withdraw from area immediately C. Shift to get a different angle on the fire D. Inform supervisor before continuing work
Withdraw from area immediately
Most common building material used in North America?
Wood
Which of the following is the most common building material in North America? a. Wood b. Lath and Plaster c. Masonry d. Metal
Wood
Which of the following statements BEST describes wood ladders? a. Wood ladders are light and easy to handle. b. Wood ladders have the lowest cost of all fire service ladders. c. Wood ladders can fail suddenly when exposed to heat in excess of 200° F (93.33° C). d. Wood ladders offer better resistance to flexing and bouncing when being climbed
Wood ladders offer better resistance to flexing and bouncing when being climbed.
Which of the following BEST describes SCBA safety precautions to take in an IDLH atmosphere? a. Work in teams of two or more b. Remove SCBA if atmosphere appears safe c. Check air supply when there is down time d. Exit IDLH atmosphere after low air alarm activates
Work in teams of two or more
Which part of the rope is used to tie a knot or hitch? a. Knot b. Standing c. Running d. Working
Working
Which part of the rope is used to tie a knot or hitch? (384) A. Knot B. Working C. Running D. Standing
Working
Building material used for decorations in the construction of gates,fences and balcony railings. Usually riveted or welded together.
Wrought Iron
takes one hoseline and divides it into two or more hoselines
Wye appliance
Which section of the ERG lists products by UN ID Number?
Yellow Pages
Class D Fire extinguisher Symbol
Yellow Star
A collapse zone must be established when:
a defensive strategy has been adopted.
The use of prefabricated wood truss systems in Type V construction creates: a. a closed channel system between floors. b. holes for utility lines. c. a large, open void between floors. d. small openings for crawl spaces.
a large, open void between floors.
The risk management model assumes that responders will risk their lives ___ to save savable lives.
a lot
The risk management model assumes that responders will risk their lives ___ to save savable lives. (62) A. a lot B. a little C. not at all D. sometimes
a lot
When using the wide-area-search method, the lead is accompanied by: a. an attendant for communication. b. a rapid intervention crew or team. c. a navigator. d. a safety officer.
a navigator.
A striking tool is a basic hand tool with: a. a single-piece of high-carbon steel. b. a handle made of wood or fiberglass. c. a weighted head attached to handle. d. one end beveled into single wedge or fork.
a weighted head attached to handle.
Where should the perimeter be around an incident involving an explosion? a. 1.5 feet (450 mm) past the farthest piece of evidence b. 2.5 times the size of the structure affected by the blast c. 1.5 times the distance from the farthest piece of debris d. 2.5 feet (750 mm) past the structure affected by the blast
a. 1.5 feet (450 mm) past the farthest piece of evidence
When determining the correct ladder to use, the height of a residential story can be estimated as: a. 10 feet (3 m). b. 15 feet (4.5 m). c. 20 feet (6 m). d. 25 feet (7.5 m).
a. 10 feet (3 m).
Most foam concentrates are intended to be mixed with ___ percent water. Select one: a. 94 to 99.9 b. 40.5 to 50 c. 10 to 25.5 d. 0.1 to 6.0
a. 94 to 99.9
Which feature is often added to solid-core wood doors and can make forcing the door more difficult? a. A sheet metal layer added to increase security b. Interior spacers made of a grid of plastic or fiberboard c. Lexan® or Plexiglas® added to provide additional security d. Thin louvers placed within the main rectangular door area
a. A sheet metal layer added to increase security
Which of the following statements about fire fighting foams is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Air is added to the foam solution by mechanical agitation. b. Air is added to the foam solution by chemical reaction. c. When foam bubbles dissipate, no foam remains on the surface of the fuel. d. Proper aeration produces bubbles in a variety of sizes.
a. Air is added to the foam solution by mechanical agitation.
Which of the following is an ignitable liquid? Select one: a. Alcohol b. Milk c. Water d. Urine
a. Alcohol
If a vehicle using ethanol or methanol is on fire, use only ___ to extinguish. Select one: a. Alcohol Resistant Class B foam b. Class D fire extinguishers c. aqueous film forming foam d. water
a. Alcohol Resistant Class B foam
Which of the following should be established at an incident? Select one: a. All answers are correct b. Control zones c. Rescue sector d. Incident command
a. All answers are correct
Which of the following might an adjuster contact upon notification of a loss? Select one: a. Arson investigator b. Fire investigator c. Insurance investigator d. Fire marshal
a. Arson investigator
Which of the following is the main advantage to using spliced water chutes as catchalls during loss control? Select one: a. As soon as water accumulates in the catchall, it can be drained to outside the fire incident structure b. Can hold several hundred gallons of water c. Requires two submersible pumps to remove the water in carpet flooring d. Provides a water basin for immersing small burning objects
a. As soon as water accumulates in the catchall, it can be drained to outside the fire incident structure
Nozzle selection is based upon which of the following factors? Select one: a. Available water supply b. Stream reach needed c. Ease of hoseline deployment d. Size of building
a. Available water supply
In which application method does the operator direct the foam stream onto an elevated object, allowing the foam to run down and onto the surface of the fuel? Select one: a. Bank-down method b. Rain down method c. Roll-on method d. Total-flood method
a. Bank-down method
Which of the following proportioning methods makes it difficult to refill an apparatus water tank due to excessive bubbling from residual foam solution? Select one: a. Batch-mixing b. Injection c. Eduction d. Premixing
a. Batch-mixing
Which of the following should be covered in a safety briefing at incidents involving potential criminal or terrorist activities? Select one: a. Be alert for secondary devices b. Move suspicious-looking articles carefully c. Limit the number of personnel leaving the crime scene d. Enter damp, wet, or oily areas with caution
a. Be alert for secondary devices
What is a firefighter's role when working with insurance investigators? Select one: a. Be interviewed or provide testimony in court b. Collect evidence and present it in court c. Determine cause and collect information d. Clean up debris and take written notes
a. Be interviewed or provide testimony in court
How should a Class D fire be extinguished? Select one: a. By shoveling Class D extinguishing agents onto it b. By dousing it with water c. By directing hose streams onto it d. By using dry chemical extinguishers
a. By shoveling Class D extinguishing agents onto it
At fires in electrical transformers, which type of extinguisher should be used? Select one: a. CO2 extinguisher b. Water c. Class A foam d. Dry chemical extinguisher
a. CO2 extinguisher
Which of the following statements about Class A foam concentrates is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Class A foam reduces the surface tension of water, allowing better water penetration into the fuel. b. Class A foam is used for structural fires, but is not suitable for wildland fires. c. Class A foam concentrate coats and protects application equipment; equipment should not be flushed after use. d. Class A foam is used to prevent ignition of fires involving flammable and combustible liquids.
a. Class A foam reduces the surface tension of water, allowing better water penetration into the fuel.
Water as a mechanical tool can move ___ to where they can burn safely. Select one: a. Class B fuels b. Class A fuels c. Class K fuels d. Class C fuels
a. Class B fuels
Which is an example of protecting interior exposures? a. Closing a door between the fire and unaffected area b. Applying water to the hot gas layer c. Deactivating sprinklers once the fire is extinguished d. Performing negative pressure ventilation
a. Closing a door between the fire and unaffected area
Which of the following sensory clues indicates both the type of fuel and phase of a fire? Select one: a. Color of smoke b. Heat felt through doors c. Sagging support members d. Sounds that indicate the fire's intensity
a. Color of smoke
Which of the following types of fog nozzles provides a constant discharge rate throughout a range of patterns? Select one: a. Constant gallonage b. Constant/select gallonage c. Basic d. Constant pressure
a. Constant gallonage
Which of the following are located between public water supply distribution systems and private water supply distribution systems? Select one: a. Control valves b. Secondary valves c. Isolation valves d. Primary valves
a. Control valves
Which of the following is a hydrant that receives water from only one direction? Select one: a. Dead-end hydrant b. Unidirectional hydrant c. Circulating hydrant d. Limited hydrant
a. Dead-end hydrant
Which of the following defines the actions taken by the first-arriving engine company? Select one: a. Department SOPs b. Incident Commander c. Pre-incident surveys d. Chief officer
a. Department SOPs
Which method for attacking ground cover fires is action taken against flames at its edge or closely parallel to it? Select one: a. Direct attack b. Defensive attack c. Offensive attack d. Indirect attack
a. Direct attack
What can happen if excess steam is produced inside the structure as a result of applying water on the fire? a. Disruption of the thermal layering b. Pyrolysis process speeds up c. Transition from fuel-limited to ventilation-limited conditions d. Increase in the potential for backdraft or flashover
a. Disruption of the thermal layering
Which type of fire hydrants are designed for use in climates that have freezing temperatures? Select one: a. Dry-barrel hydrants b. Warm-weather hydrants c. Cold-weather hydrants d. Wet-barrel hydrants
a. Dry-barrel hydrants
Which of the following should take place before starting a search for hidden fires in a fire incident structure? Select one: a. Evaluate the structural condition of the area to be searched b. Evaluate the adjoining property of area to be searched c. Review the preincident plan d. Review possible causes of the fire
a. Evaluate the structural condition of the area to be searched
Which of the following is the FINAL part of the problem-solving process? Select one: a. Evaluating progress b. Implementing the IAP c. Planning the appropriate response d. Analyzing the situation
a. Evaluating progress
Which statement describes the protection of evidence at a fire scene? a. Evidence must not be disturbed unless absolutely necessary for extinguishment of the fire. b. Evidence like footprints and tire marks are too difficult to collect and protect, so they can be ignored. c. Charred documents should be removed from containers where they are found and bagged as evidence. d. The only type of evidence that firefighters must keep in place are items that indicate signs of arson.
a. Evidence must not be disturbed unless absolutely necessary for extinguishment of the fire.
Which of the following can be an alternative water supply? Select one: a. Farm stock tank b. Public lagoon c. Wastewater treatment plant d. Small, shallow stream
a. Farm stock tank
Which of the following is a long narrow strip of fire extending from the main fire? Select one: a. Finger b. Island c. Head d. Flank
a. Finger
Who has legal responsibility for determining origin and cause of a fire? Select one: a. Fire chief b. Police officer c. Fire investigator d. Firefighter
a. Fire chief
Which of the following are the most dependable water source for firefighters? Select one: a. Fire hydrants b. Private water supplies c. Alternative water supplies d. Water mains
a. Fire hydrants
Which of the following may damage merchandise on lower floors after the fire is controlled in a commercial building? Select one: a. Flow of water from an open sprinkler b. Salvage covers put in place c. Dewatering devices with two pumps d. Airflow from ventilation fans on floors
a. Flow of water from an open sprinkler
Which of the following slows the transfer of heat to other combustibles and reduces the chances of overhead gases igniting? Select one: a. Gas cooling b. Combination attack c. Indirect attack d. Direct attack
a. Gas cooling
Which of the following methods would MOST often be used for protecting contents in a fire incident? Select one: a. Gathered into compact piles to be covered with minimal salvage covers b. Gathered and placed in an adjacent structure c. Gathered into large piles to be covered with one large salvage cover d. Gathered and placed outside and covered with minimal salvage covers
a. Gathered into compact piles to be covered with minimal salvage covers
Which of the following is the area of unburned fuel next to the involved area? Select one: a. Green b. Finger c. Perimeter d. Spot
a. Green
What is one construction requirement of newer factory built homes that has helped to reduce fire loss and residential fatalities? a. Gypsum board instead of wood paneling as an interior finish b. Lighter fuel load than conventional structures c. Fewer internal walls to create compartmentation d. Open crawl spaces which provide an additional oxygen source
a. Gypsum board instead of wood paneling as an interior finish
Which of the following is required by OSHA of all personnel involved in a haz mat/WMD incident? Select one: a. Hazardous communication briefing b. On-scene debriefing c. Termination critique d. After action analysis
a. Hazardous communication briefing
Which type of alternative vehicle fuel is colorless, odorless, and has an invisible flame during the day? Select one: a. Hydrogen b. LNG c. CNG d. Biodiesel
a. Hydrogen
Which of the following statements regarding the operation of dry-barrel hydrants is MOST accurate? Select one: a. If not opened fully, the drain may be left partially open. b. Water remaining in the hydrant empties through discharge caps. c. If not closed fully, the drain may be left partially open. d. Water remaining in the hydrant barrel evaporates naturally.
a. If not opened fully, the drain may be left partially open.
Which of the following are National Response Framework (NRF) teams of highly trained, experienced individuals who are organized to manage large and/or complex incidents? Select one: a. Incident Management Teams b. National Medical Response Teams c. Urban Search and Rescue Teams d. Disaster Medical Assistance Teams
a. Incident Management Teams
Which method for attacking ground cover fires is used at varying distances from the advancing fire? Select one: a. Indirect attack b. Offensive attack c. Defensive attack d. Direct attack
a. Indirect attack
Which of the following is a guideline for working at terrorist and criminal incidents? Select one: a. Isolate the incident and deny entry b. Take photos of all witnesses and observers c. Allow people and animals to leave the scene as quickly as possible d. Place any possible suspects under arrest
a. Isolate the incident and deny entry
Which of the following are used to isolate sections for maintenance and repair? Select one: a. Isolation valves b. Primary valves c. Secondary valves d. Control valves
a. Isolation valves
Which of the following statements regarding the ERG is MOST accurate? Select one: a. It is a guide to aid emergency responders in quickly identifying hazardous materials. b. It is primarily used by the generic public. c. It is primarily designed for use at fixed facilities. d. It addresses all possible circumstances assoc
a. It is a guide to aid emergency responders in quickly identifying hazardous materials.
Which of the following BEST describes open communication? Select one: a. It is not meant as an opportunity for a debate or vote. b. It is a step taken to prepare for a blitz attack. c. It allows firefighters to influence the selection of attack tactics. d. It is a way to communicate the situation to other responding units.
a. It is not meant as an opportunity for a debate or vote.
Which of the following examples of salvage equipment is driven into walls or wooden framing to hang salvage covers on walls to protect wall-mounted book cases or shelving units? Select one: a. J-hook b. Wooden sprinkler wedge c. Pikepole d. S-hook
a. J-hook
Depending on the size and organization of a fire department, salvage operations are generally assigned to which of the following? Select one: a. Ladder companies and specially designed salvage or overhaul companies b. Engine companies that carry hand tools and buckets c. Arson investigation companies d. Smoke management companies
a. Ladder companies and specially designed salvage or overhaul companies
How large should the perimeter outside a structure fire be? Select one: a. Large enough to surround the building and all potential evidence outside the building b. A minimum of 250 feet (75 m) in every direction from the building c. A minimum of 100 feet (30 m) in every direction from the building d. Large enough to surround the building and any adjacent exposure buildings
a. Large enough to surround the building and all potential evidence outside the building
Which of the following BEST describes the flash point of flammable liquids? Select one: a. Less than 100°F (38°C) b. Each varies, but it is always higher than 50°F (10°C) c. Greater than 100°F (38°C) d. Each varies, but it is never less than 50°F (10°C)
a. Less than 100°F (38°C)
Which EPA level of protection includes SCBA or SAR and provides protection against splashes from a hazardous chemical? Select one: a. Level B b. Level C c. Level A d. Level D
a. Level B
Which topography features may alter air flow and cause turbulence? Select one: a. Local terrain b. Drainages c. Chutes d. Aspect
a. Local terrain
Which of the following foam generators is typically associated with total-flooding applications? Select one: a. Mechanical blower generator b. Fog nozzle c. Water-aspirating type nozzle d. Air-aspirating type nozzle
a. Mechanical blower generator
Which of the following should be provided when contacting an emergency response center? Select one: a. Name and identification number of material(s) involved b. Latitude and longitude coordinates of the location c. Number and types of casualties d. Caller's name and email address
a. Name and identification number of material(s) involved
What Command approach is used when the problem is not obvious to the first-arriving unit? Select one: a. Nothing showing b. Fast-attack c. Formal d. Combat
a. Nothing showing
Which of the following BEST describes a hazard particular to carbon dioxide fixed suppression systems? Select one: a. Oxygen depletion b. Skin irritation c. Depletion of water supply d. Increased visibility
a. Oxygen depletion
Which of the following is the BEST way to position a ladder that has been flat-raised parallel to the building a. Pivot the ladder 90 degrees on the beam closest to the building b. Lower the ladder, change position, and raise perpendicular c. Shift the ladder to the side until it touches the building d. Walk the ladder from one beam to the other into the desired position
a. Pivot the ladder 90 degrees on the beam closest to the building
Which of the following BEST describes safety considerations during a blitz attack? Select one: a. Poorly directed streams can force teams to retreat. b. Steam can assist in suppression efforts. c. This type of attack is only coordinated with the Incident Commander. d. Specialized rescue tools can injure teams.
a. Poorly directed streams can force teams to retreat.
Which mechanical ventilation method uses higher pressure inside a building to force smoke through openings to the lower-pressure area outside? Select one: a. Positive-pressure ventilation b. Negative-pressure ventilation c. Positive-hydraulic ventilation d. Negative-hydraulic ventilation
a. Positive-pressure ventilation
Which type of indicating valve is a hollow metal post that houses the valve stem? Select one: a. Post indicator valve b. Backflow valve c. Waterflow valve d. Outside stem and yoke
a. Post indicator valve
Which section of the Initial Action Guides should be consulted first? Select one: a. Potential hazards b. Emergency response c. First aid d. Public safety
a. Potential hazards
Which of the following is required for firefighters participating in ground cover fire fighting? Select one: a. Protective footwear b. Bunker gear c. Nomex hood d. Web belt
a. Protective footwear
Which of the following is the primary application technique used on aboveground storage tank fires? Select one: a. Rain down metho b. Total-flood method c. Roll-on method d. Bank-down method
a. Rain down metho
Which of the following helps prevent damage to furniture during salvage operations? Select one: a. Raising furniture off floor with water resistant materials b. Wetting with a hose stream and scrubbing with a broom c. Spraying lightly with a hand held fire extinguisher d. Keeping it untouched and unmoved
a. Raising furniture off floor with water resistant materials
What fireground role is defined as the one that works to locate and assist firefighters trapped during operations? Select one: a. Rapid intervention crew/team b. Incident Commander c. Fireground support company d. Second-arriving company
a. Rapid intervention crew/team
What fireground role should be two or more members wearing complete PPE and respiratory protection, with the purpose of locating firefighters incapacitated during operations? Select one: a. Rapid intervention crew/team b. Incident Commander c. Fireground support company d. Second-arriving company
a. Rapid intervention crew/team
Which of the following is a general guideline for decontamination operations? Select one: a. Remove as much clothing as possible b. Start decontamination operations several hours after exposure c. Decontaminate responders and victims together d. Decontaminate anyone who moves from the cold zone to the hot zone
a. Remove as much clothing as possible
Which victim removal method is required when victims are directly threatened? Select one: a. Rescue b. Escape c. Shelter-in-place d. Self-evacuation
a. Rescue
Which of the following is used only on a pool of ignited or unignited fuel on open ground? Select one: a. Roll-on method b. Total-flood method c. Bank-down method d. Rain down method
a. Roll-on method
Which of the following is the first consideration to make before beginning the overhaul procedures after a fire incident? Select one: a. Safety b. Weather conditions c. Overhaul plan d. Preincident plan
a. Safety
Which of the following procedures includes moving contents to a safe location in the fire incident structure? Select one: a. Salvage b. Overhaul c. Primary d. Secondary
a. Salvage
What is the purpose of a gusset plate? a. Serve as a connection point for wood trusses b. Prevent the spread of fire from the roof to interior spaces c. Align pieces of roof decking and finishing materials d. Provide a stable surface from which firefighters may work
a. Serve as a connection point for wood trusses
Which of the following tasks works to test air consumption rates? Select one: a. Simulate emergency conditions during training b. Estimate point of no return based on lowest cylinder gauge c. Check your air gauge regularly d. Take time to activate your PASS device
a. Simulate emergency conditions during training
Which of the following is a limitation of structural fire fighting protective clothing? Select one: a. Some materials can permeate and remain in the equipment. b. It can contribute to cold disorders. c. It requires frequent and extensive training for efficient and safe use. d. It cannot withstand fire conditions.
a. Some materials can permeate and remain in the equipment.
Which of the following can jeopardize legal proceedings if evidence is damaged during cause determination? Select one: a. Spoliation b. Search and seizure c. Chain of custody d. Right of entry
a. Spoliation
Which of the following are broad statements of what must be done to resolve the incident? Select one: a. Strategic goals b. Modes of operation c. Tactical objectives d. Incident action plans (IAPs)
a. Strategic goals
Which of the following statements about response to a terrorist or criminal incident is MOST accurate? Select one: a. The response must include protection and preservation of evidence. b. The response should include EMS and a haz mat team. c. The response is very different from any other haz mat incident. d. The response should include a bomb squad and a SWAT team.
a. The response must include protection and preservation of evidence.
Why is it dangerous to work below the hot gas layer without attempting to cool it? a. The smoke contains fuel, and it may ignite at any time. b. The hot gas layer will continue to raise and cause damage to the ceiling and floors above. c. The hotter the gas layer is, the more toxic the fumes are. d. The hot gas layer can break open windows, creating ventilation issues.
a. The smoke contains fuel, and it may ignite at any time.
Which is a characteristic of outside screw and yoke (OS&Y) valves? Select one: a. The threaded portion of the screw is visible beyond the yoke when the valve is open. b. They have a circular disk on top of the valve housing that indicates the valve's operation. c. The threaded portion of the screw disappears below the yoke when the valve is open. d. They have a plate with the words OPEN or SHUT to indicate the valve's operation.
a. The threaded portion of the screw is visible beyond the yoke when the valve is open.
Which of the following BEST describes ignition of combustible liquids? Select one: a. These must be heated above the flash point before igniting. b. These need pre-heating and vapor for ignition. c. These can be ignited without pre-heating. d. These require foam and an external fuel source for ignition.
a. These must be heated above the flash point before igniting.
Which of the following statements is MOST accurate about containers? Select one: a. They could be found in a structure b. They cannot hold ignitable liquids c. They are used as timing devices d. They can be used as trailers
a. They could be found in a structure
Which of the following is a guideline for electrical emergencies? Select one: a. Use lockout/tagout devices when working on electrical equipment b. Move any vehicles that are in contact with electrical wires c. Cut power lines upon arrival d. Stay at least 20 feet (6 m) from power lines when raising ladders
a. Use lockout/tagout devices when working on electrical equipment
Which type of control valve extends horizontally through the wall with a target and valve operating nut on the outside of building? Select one: a. Wall post indicator valve b. Post indicator valve c. Outside stem and yoke d. Post indicator valve assembly
a. Wall post indicator valve
Which of the following is one of the most practical methods of removing water coming through a ceiling from an upper floor? Select one: a. Water chutes b. Drain runoffs c. Floor runners d. Water vacuums
a. Water chutes
Which of the following may occur when covers for water chutes and catchalls are limited during loss control? Select one: a. Water must be routed to the floor to be removed later b. Water must be clean and free of any debris c. Water must be less than 500 gallons total d. Water must be sent directly down the closest storm drain
a. Water must be routed to the floor to be removed later
Which of the following foam generators produces foam by pumping foam solution through the nozzle in a fine spray? Select one: a. Water-aspirating type nozzle b. Fog nozzle c. Mechanical blower generator d. Air-aspirating type nozzle
a. Water-aspirating type nozzle
Which of the following is an influence on ground cover fires? Select one: a. Weather b. Size of fire c. Cause of fire d. Ignition sources
a. Weather
Which of the following factors affect the rate and direction of the spread of exterior fires? Select one: a. Wind direction b. Time of day c. Basic fire behavior d. Unburned material
a. Wind direction
Which type of fuel source would require the greatest amount of heat to ignite because it must undergo pyrolysis in order to burn? a. Wood b. Hydrogen c. Gasoline d. Diesel fuel
a. Wood
For a fire scene to be secure, it needs to have: a. a recognizable perimeter with someone assigned to maintain the perimeter. b. a specialized team of law enforcement personnel assigned to protect it. c. perimeters that are marked differently for each varying level of access. d. perimeter markings at least every ten feet.
a. a recognizable perimeter with someone assigned to maintain the perimeter.
In most instances, triage is conducted: Select one: a. after decontamination. b. in the warm zone. c. in the hot zone. d. before decontamination.
a. after decontamination.
To determine fire cause a firefighter should look for: Select one: a. an ignition source and sequence. b. witnesses and suspicious individuals. c. evidence and debris. d. the most charring and spoliation.
a. an ignition source and sequence.
When working on interior examination a firefighter should work from: Select one: a. area of least damage to area of greatest damage. b. the right side of the structure to the left side. c. area of greatest damage to area of least damage. d. the left side of the structure to the right side.
a. area of least damage to area of greatest damage.
Factors to consider in selecting a foam proportioner include solution flow requirements, intended use, and: Select one: a. available water pressure b. stage of the fire. c. length of the discharge hose. d. proximity to bodies of water.
a. available water pressure
To ensure that rope stays in good working condition, it is important to: a. avoid abrasion and unnecessary wear. b. paint the ends of the rope. c. always coil and uncoil the rope in the same direction. d. clean the rope with strong chemicals to remove oil and grease.
a. avoid abrasion and unnecessary wear.
A barbed wired fence should be cut with a (an): Select one: a. bolt cutter. b. rotary saw. c. axe. d. cutting torch.
a. bolt cutter.
When applied to solid fuels, Class A foam blankets the fuel, controls flames, then: Select one: a. breaks down, releasing water to cool the fuel. b. dissipates into the air, leaving no residue. c. changes the pH of the water. d. expands at a ratio of 20-to-1.
a. breaks down, releasing water to cool the fuel.
Responsibility for ___ can lie with state fire marshal, state police, or other state agency. Select one: a. cause determination b. insurance information c. clean up d. amount of loss
a. cause determination
Control of all evidence must be maintained as part of the ___ required in legal cases. Select one: a. chain of custody b. fire investigation c. collection of evidence d. area of origin
a. chain of custody
In a building that is protected by control mode sprinklers, firefighters need to: a. complete suppression before turning off the system. b. perform fire attack from outside the fire compartment. c. stay back and allow the sprinklers to put out the fire. d. turn the system off before entering the building.
a. complete suppression before turning off the system.
High-expansion foam is typically used for: Select one: a. confined spaces such as mines and shipboard compartments. b. rolling on to liquid fuel fires. c. wildland and brush fires. d. suppressing vapors from hazardous materials spills.
a. confined spaces such as mines and shipboard compartments.
Lumps in the sheath of braid-on-braid rope indicate: a. core damage. b. mildew damage. c. impact loading. d. rope rot.
a. core damage.
At an emergency incident, utility rope can be used for: a. creating a control zone perimeter. b. a rescue or hoisting operation. c. supporting a firefighter who is rappelling. d. rescuing a victim from swift water.
a. creating a control zone perimeter.
HVAC equipment in windowless buildings may cause spread of smoke, heat, and fire unless specifically: Select one: a. designed for this purpose. b. inspected for high occupancy. c. inspected prior to a fire occurring. d. designed to cool building only.
a. designed for this purpose.
Insurance investigators are hired to: Select one: a. determine cause and amount of loss. b. determine the number of fatalities. c. gather information about the people involved. d. lead the investigation.
a. determine cause and amount of loss.
If there is a fire in the undercarriage of a vehicle,: a. direct a stream at the ground to deflect water upward toward the underside of the vehicle until the fire is extinguished. b. firefighters should retreat and let the fire burn itself out. c. Class A foam should be used to extinguish the fire. d. a hazardous materials team must be called before approaching the vehicle.
a. direct a stream at the ground to deflect water upward toward the underside of the vehicle until the fire is extinguished.
On a preincident survey sketch or map, the locations of all _____ should be marked. a. fire hydrants b. fire lanes c. handicapped parking spaces d. heavily traveled hallways
a. fire hydrants
Preserving evidence is the responsibility of: Select one: a. fire officers and firefighters. b. police officers only. c. firefighters only. d. fire investigators only.
a. fire officers and firefighters.
Techniques for extinguishment at bulk transport vehicle fires are similar to fires in: Select one: a. flammable fuel storage facilities. b. residential occupancies. c. high-rise structures. d. underground tunnels.
a. flammable fuel storage facilities.
The loss of water pressure in a hoseline is the most common example of: Select one: a. friction loss b. vaporization. c. breakover. d. water hammer.
a. friction loss
To prevent injury when raising or lowering an extension ladder: a. grasp the beams, rather than the rungs. b. ensure that the pawls are seated just below the rungs. c. do not shift the ladder once it is in place. d. keep the halyard tied throughout the operation.
a. grasp the beams, rather than the rungs.
When firefighters enter a home to do a residential fire and life safety survey, one of the main objectives should be to: a. help the occupant understand how to improve safety conditions. b. provide good customer service so that the occupant will consider donating to the fire department. c. repair smoke detectors, residential sprinklers, or other safety equipment. d. find causes to cite the occupant for fire safety violations.
a. help the occupant understand how to improve safety conditions.
Air bags in a vehicle fire should be: Select one: a. inoperable before beginning interior survey. b. purposely deployed for testing. c. deployed while conducting a survey. d. not handled to preserve evidence.
a. inoperable before beginning interior survey.
Roofs that may fail early in a fire and are extremely dangerous to work under are roofs supported by: Select one: a. lightweight or engineered trusses. b. heavy weight or mechanical trusses. c. heavy weight slate or tiles. d. lightweight composition shingles.
a. lightweight or engineered trusses.
Because unprotected stairs are not enclosed with fire-rated construction, they: a. may serve as a flow path for fire and smoke. b. are likely to be the area of origin for a fire. c. should be used as the first option for occupant egress. d. are the safest option for firefighters to use during a fire.
a. may serve as a flow path for fire and smoke.
During an investigation, the people present and status of doors are ___ a firefighter should take. Select one: a. mental notes b. guidelines c. legal issues d. laws
a. mental notes
When conditions are appropriate, natural horizontal ventilation operations should work with existing atmospheric conditions, taking advantage of: Select one: a. natural air flow. b. natural inlets. c. positive pressure. d. negative pressure.
a. natural air flow.
Once an LPG fire or emergency has been terminated, firefighters should NOT: a. open the LPG tank control valve. b. leave the hot zone until the utility company arrives. c. remain in the immediate incident area. d. wear SCBA.
a. open the LPG tank control valve.
A rain roof is described as a: a. pitched roof built over a flat roof for aesthetic or drainage purposes. b. pitched roof that is designed to eliminate void spaces between the ceiling and the roof. c. flat roof that replaces an original pitched roof on a residential structure. d. flat roof that is designed to direct moisture off of the roof of a commercial building.
a. pitched roof built over a flat roof for aesthetic or drainage purposes.
Firefighters should take note of _____, because it may indicate that the fire was intentionally set. a. plastic containers b. wind direction c. locked doors d. temperature
a. plastic containers
The presence of photovoltaic roofs must be identified during preincident planning because they: a. pose a significant trip and electrical hazard to firefighters working on the roof. b. create a void that may conceal fire and allow it to burn undetected. c. constitute a live load that stresses the structure of the building. d. may be beneficial during ventilation operations.
a. pose a significant trip and electrical hazard to firefighters working on the roof.
When and how built-in fire suppression systems are to be supported for loss control are identified in the: Select one: a. preincident plan. b. primary damage evaluation. c. secondary damage evaluation. d. overhaul process.
a. preincident plan.
Damage caused by fire and smoke is referred to as: Select one: a. primary damage. b. key damage. c. secondary damage. d. involuntary damage.
a. primary damage.
Stairs that are part of the required means of egress and are built to resist the spread of fire and smoke are known as: a. protected stairs. b. access stairs. c. convenience stairs. d. exterior stairs.
a. protected stairs.
A Firefighter II should use additional training to: Select one: a. recognize and predict the effects of changes on surroundings. b. predict victim responses to on-scene hazards. c. gather votes from others on-scene to select attack strategies. d. open a debate on the best attack strategy to use.
a. recognize and predict the effects of changes on surroundings.
When performing salvage operations, firefighters: Select one: a. require a specific collection of tools. b. can use whatever tools are easily available. c. assess biological monitoring results. d. should use materials and equipment in the structure.
a. require a specific collection of tools.
The area of origin will usually contain: a. the greatest amount of damage and debris. b. evidence of arson. c. an obvious ignition source and material first ignited. d. piles of stacked materials that act as fuel.
a. the greatest amount of damage and debris.
Specific leak control and containment tactics are determined by: Select one: a. the type of breach. b. mode of transport. c. wind speed and direction. d. time of day.
a. the type of breach.
Fire hydrants should be inspected and operated at least: Select one: a. twice a year. b. once every five years. c. once every other year. d. once a year.
a. twice a year.
The balloon throw is used when: a. two firefighters are deploying a large salvage cover. b. one firefighter is deploying a large salvage cover. c. covering items in a small space. d. covering items outside on a windy day.
a. two firefighters are deploying a large salvage cover.
The shutoff valves for water are located: Select one: a. underground. b. at the water department. c. inside the house. d. near the electrical meter.
a. underground.
Fire stream pattern types are defined by the specific pattern or shape of the water after it leaves the nozzle and the size of the: Select one: a. volume of water flowing from the nozzle per minute. b. type of apparatus generating the nozzle pressure. c. specific type of fuel that the fire stream is being used on. d. water source that is used for the specific fire stream.
a. volume of water flowing from the nozzle per minute.
The primary way water extinguishes fire is by: (944) A. absorbing heat. B. excluding oxygen. C. saturating dry fuel. D. neutralizing the chemical reaction.
absorbing heat.
In order to control egress passageways, firefighters should close doors to rooms adjacent to the passageway: a. to mark it as having occupants. b. to mark it as needing searched. c. before it is searched. d. after it is searched.
after it is searched.
If a trench cut is created improperly, it will place firefighters in the very dangerous position of working: If a trench cut is created improperly, it will place firefighters in the very dangerous position of working: Select one: a. on top of the fire. b. on plane with the fire. c. behind the fire. d. ahead of the fire.
ahead of the fire.
Velocity, turbulence, and direction are indicators of: a. smoke. b. air flow. c. air pressure. d. flame.
air flow.
Velocity, turbulence, and direction are indicators of: (737) A. flame. B. smoke. C. air flow. D. air pressure.
air flow.
Fuel loading is defined as the maximum heat produced if:
all combustible materials in a given area burn.
The type of cleaning required for personal protective equipment (PPE) is determined by: a. amount and type of contamination. b. local budgetary constraints. c. where the department is located. d. how long the PPE has been in use.
amount and type of contamination.
A department type is determined by how:
an organization is funded.
A firefighter experiencing light-headedness, disorientation, and rapid fatigue most likely has: a. not controlled breathing correctly. b. an oxygen deficiency. c. incorrectly cleaned PPE. d. reached a personal physical limit.
an oxygen deficiency.
Once on the fire floor, start the search: a. as close to the fire as possible. b. as far away from the fire as possible. c. on the floor above the fire. d. on the floor below the fire.
as close to the fire as possible.
When ventilating a multistory building, it is best to apply positive-pressure ventilation (PPV): a. on the floor with the most smoke. b. at the highest point of the structure. c. at the lowest point of the structure. d. on the floor with the least smoke.
at the lowest point of the structure.
Exterior walls made of wood can be cut or breached with a (an): a. jackhammer. b. hacksaw or other power tool. c. battering ram. d. axe or sledgehammer.
axe or sledgehammer.
Which of the following would be a sufficient reply for a firefighter providing a statement? Select one: a. "Firefighters and investigators are working together to determine the cause of the fire." b. "The fire is under investigation." c. "The fire is out and evidence is being collected." d. "Assistance from an insurance investigator has been requested."
b. "The fire is under investigation."
As water is vaporized into steam, it expands approximately ____ its original volume. Select one: a. 1,000 times b. 1,700 times c. 2,200 times d. 700 times
b. 1,700 times
Protective clothing used for ground cover fires should meet the requirements for NFPA®: Select one: a. 1001. b. 1977. c. 1205. d. 1799.
b. 1977.
In actual operation, fire stream angles between ___ provide maximum reach. Select one: a. 20 to 24 degrees b. 30 to 34 degrees c. 15 to 19 degrees d. 45 to 49 degrees
b. 30 to 34 degrees
Additional personnel will be required to safely handle smooth bore nozzles at nozzle pressures greater than: Select one: a. 100 psi (700 kPa). b. 65 psi (450 kPa). c. 75 psi (525 kPa). d. 50 psi (350 kPa).
b. 65 psi (450 kPa).
Which of the following BEST describes a fog-stream? Select one: a. A fire stream broken into coarsely divided droplets b. A fine spray composed of tiny water droplets c. A compact stream with little shower or spray d. A semi-solid stream
b. A fine spray composed of tiny water droplets
What is the best way to store rope? a. On reels outside the station b. A nylon or canvas storage bag c. An open-air carrying case d. In an apparatus compartment
b. A nylon or canvas storage bag
Which protection methods are a function of NIMS and are especially important when multiple agencies/organizations have responded? Select one: a. Safety officers b. Accountability systems c. Buddy systems d. Withdrawal/escape procedures
b. Accountability systems
Which of the following is a duty of the safety officer? Select one: a. Write the safety portion of the IAP b. Advise the IC of deviations from incident safety considerations c. Communicate information about injuries or illnesses to the media d. Obtain risk assessments from the IC
b. Advise the IC of deviations from incident safety considerations
Which is an example of evidence spoliation? a. Applying water to extinguish fire in the same compartment as the area of origin b. Altering evidence so that an insurance investigator cannot document it c. Covering evidence with cardboard or tarps d. Accidentally walking over suspicious footprints at the scene
b. Altering evidence so that an insurance investigator cannot document it
For non permit space, an entry method called_____ is used. Select one: a. Special entry b. Alternate entry c. Supervised d. Non-confined entry
b. Alternate entry
Which method of attack would put firefighters at the least risk when fighting a residential basement fire? Select one: a. Entering on the first floor and installing a cellar nozzle b. Applying water through an exterior basement window c. Entering through an enclosed interior stairwell d. Advancing down the stairwell while using a fog stream for protection
b. Applying water through an exterior basement window
Which of the following stream patterns is used to extinguish fires in attics, cocklofts, basements, and other confined spaces? Select one: a. Cellar stream b. Broken-stream c. Straight stream d. Solid stream
b. Broken-stream
Which of the following is a limitation of personal protective equipment (PPE)? Select one: a. Can add up to 50 pounds (23 kg) of weight b. Can reduce the wearer's mobility c. Can only protect against one chemical at a time d. Cannot be worn in oxygen-rich atmospheres
b. Can reduce the wearer's mobility
Which of the following makes faster, rougher cuts when breaching a floor? Select one: a. Cutting torch b. Chain saw c. Rotary saw d. Axe
b. Chain saw
Which type of sprinkler mechanism activates the sprinkler after the solder inside melts and releases the valve cap? a. Sprinkler deflector b. Chemical pellet c. Fusible link d. Frangible bulb
b. Chemical pellet
Which category of evidence supports inference formed from direct evidence? Select one: a. Natural b. Circumstantial c. Physical d. Indirect
b. Circumstantial
Which of the following techniques are the MOST essential part of any ground cover operation? Select one: a. Safety zones b. Communications c. Escape routes d. Lookouts
b. Communications
What is the MOST obvious sign of fire cause? Select one: a. Considerable amount of charring b. Competent ignition source c. Large amount of debris d. Consistent fire pattern
b. Competent ignition source
Which of the following is used to shut down the water supply to the entire fire protection system? Select one: a. Sprinkler head b. Control valve c. FDC d. Sprinkler system
b. Control valve
What potential problems should be looked for when inspecting fire hydrants? Select one: a. Wet rings around discharge caps b. Damp ground surrounding hydrant c. Hydrants painted by water department d. Peeling paint on hydrant bonnets
b. Damp ground surrounding hydrant
Which strategy is typically selected when property is not salvageable? Select one: a. Indirect b. Defensive c. Offensive d. Direct
b. Defensive
How are folding doors often used? a. Garage doors b. Dividers in large meeting rooms c. Freight elevator doors d. Emergency exit doors in commercial buildings
b. Dividers in large meeting rooms
Which of the following is a guideline for working at terrorist and criminal incidents? Select one: a. Carefully remove evidence from the scene as soon as possible b. Document your observations c. Do not take any pictures of the incident scene d. Contact contaminated surfaces only when absolutely necessary
b. Document your observations
Which of the following is the primary location for shutting off power? Select one: a. Power line b. Electric meter c. Transformer d. Electrical panel
b. Electric meter
Which type of decontamination removes the threatening contaminant from victims or rescuers as quickly as possible without regard for environment or property? Select one: a. Mass decontamination b. Emergency decontamination c. Chemical decontamination d. Technical decontamination
b. Emergency decontamination
Which incident command system (ICS) haz mat position supervises all companies and personnel operating in the hazardous area? Select one: a. Safe Refuge Area Manager b. Entry Team Leader c. Hazardous Materials Branch Director d. Site Access Control Leader
b. Entry Team Leader
Which of the following BEST describes actions included in incident stabilization? Select one: a. Protect all property at incident b. Establish scene perimeters and minimize property damage c. Minimize property damage and spread liquids to other areas d. Prevent all contamination
b. Establish scene perimeters and minimize property damage
Which of the following are critical to a water shuttle? Select one: a. Newest model of pumping apparatus b. Fast-fill and fast-dump capabilities c. Adequate supplies of hoseline d. Extra-large portable tanks
b. Fast-fill and fast-dump capabilities
Which knot is a good choice to use when a closed loop is needed? a. Water knot b. Figure-eight on a bight c. Clove hitch d. Overhand safety knot
b. Figure-eight on a bight
Which of the following should be used to calculate water supply volume? Select one: a. Fill time and travel time b. Fill time, travel time, and dump time c. Fill time and dump time d. Travel time, refill time, and refueling time
b. Fill time, travel time, and dump time
Which action could be considered illegal at a fire scene? a. Law enforcement officers informing a suspect of his or her Miranda rights at the scene of a fire investigation b. Fire department personnel giving up control of the scene, but then re-entering without probable cause without a warrant c. Fire department personnel searching for evidence during the course of the fire investigation d. A homeowner denying the fire department the right of entry after the fire scene has been relinquished
b. Fire department personnel giving up control of the scene, but then re-entering without probable cause without a warrant
Who may have to adjust security measures in place or implement additional measures? Select one: a. Police officers and firefighters b. Fire investigator c. Police officer d. Fire officers and firefighters
b. Fire investigator
Which of the following would be an example of physical evidence? Select one: a. Odor or smell b. Fire patterns c. Lighting d. Noise
b. Fire patterns
Which is a characteristic of fires in residential basements? a. Sounding the floor is the best way to determine whether it is safe to work on the floor above a basement fire. b. Firefighters working on the floor above the basement fire are at an increased risk of floor collapse. c. The safest path into a basement fire is through an interior enclosed stairwell. d. Residential basement fires tend to be fuel-limited rather than ventilation-limited.
b. Firefighters working on the floor above the basement fire are at an increased risk of floor collapse.
Which of the following foam proportioners may compromise firefighter safety since it is difficult to quickly relocate the components? Select one: a. Compressed air foam system (CAFS) b. Foam nozzle eductor c. In-line foam eductor d. Around-the-pump proportioner
b. Foam nozzle eductor
Which window component is also known as glazing? a. Hardware b. Glass c. Sash d. Side jambs
b. Glass
In which situation would fuel removal be a likely method of extinguishment? a. Warehouse fire b. Grass fire c. Fire in a one-story house d. Fire in an apartment building
b. Grass fire
Which means of moving water delivers water from the source or treatment plant to the distribution system without pumping equipment? Select one: a. Combination system b. Gravity system c. Direct pumping system d. Pumpless system
b. Gravity system
Which kind of ground cover fire is slow moving and smoldering? Select one: a. Crown fire b. Ground fire c. Surface fire d. Ladder fire
b. Ground fire
Which of the following is the side of the fire opposite the head? Select one: a. Green b. Heel c. Black d. Origin
b. Heel
Which characteristic of Type IV construction buildings can contribute to the intensity of a fire once it starts? a. Unprotected steel framing members b. High concentration of wood c. Precast concrete columns d. Many voids or concealed spaces
b. High concentration of wood
Which is a sign that an accelerant may have been used to start the fire? a. Fire that reaches the decay stage quickly b. High heat intensity c. Lack of personal possessions in the structure d. Lack of fire patterns on the floor
b. High heat intensity
Who makes the decision to make entry? Select one: a. Safety officer b. Incident commander c. First-arriving firefighter d. Rapid intervention crew
b. Incident commander
How can roof security features such as wired glass impact fire fighting operations? a. Increase the time required to conduct a primary search b. Increase the time required to create ventilation openings c. Decrease the time required to conduct a primary search d. Decrease the time required to create ventilation openings
b. Increase the time required to create ventilation openings
Which component of a fire alarm system senses products of combustion and sends a message to the control panel? a. Fire command center b. Initiating device c. Notification device d. Pull station
b. Initiating device
Which of the following determines the extent that structural members of a building are weakened? Select one: a. Amount of water used b. Intensity of the fire c. Amount of time fire burned d. Extinguishing agents used
b. Intensity of the fire
Which duty would a fire investigator perform at a fire scene investigation? Select one: a. Helping with overhaul to ensure no evidence is disturbed b. Interviewing firefighters on scene c. Cleaning up the fire scene after the investigation d. Determining a fire attack strategy that will keep evidence intact
b. Interviewing firefighters on scene
What challenge may firefighters face when performing salvage in a commercial occupancy? a. Property owners are often on site and can be a distraction. b. It can be difficult to cover large displays and stocks. c. The rooms are likely to be small and hard to maneuver. d. Valuable merchandise may be damaged by covering it.
b. It can be difficult to cover large displays and stocks.
Which of the following statements is MOST accurate about total structural fire loss? Select one: a. There is no need for a fire investigation. b. It is difficult to locate the greatest damage. c. Ventilation factors can be determined. d. Fire indicators will exist.
b. It is difficult to locate the greatest damage.
Which of the following BEST describes the rate of discharge of a low-volume stream? Select one: a. 100 to 250 gpm (380 L/m to 950 L/m) b. Less than 40 gpm (160 L/m) c. 40 to 350 gpm (160 L/m to 1 400 L/m) d. More than 350 gpm (1 400 L/min)
b. Less than 40 gpm (160 L/m)
Which of the following BEST describes emergency incident priorities? Select one: a. Extinguishment, overhaul, ventilation b. Life safety, incident stabilization, property conservation c. Incident stabilization, environmental conservation, confinement d. Property conservation, salvage, life safety
b. Life safety, incident stabilization, property conservation
What safety precaution must be taken when raising a ladder near overhead electrical wires? Select one: a. Wait for a representative from the electric company to arrive before raising the ladder. b. Look up multiple times to check for the location of the wires. c. Raise the ladder perpendicular to the building. d. Extend the fly section before raising.
b. Look up multiple times to check for the location of the wires.
Which component of a fire alarm system allows occupants to activate the fire alarm? a. Fire command center b. Manual pull station c. Rate-of-rise heat detector d. Fire alarm control panel
b. Manual pull station
Which stream is created by apparatus-mounted appliances? Select one: a. Low-volume stream b. Master stream c. Handline stream d. High-volume stream
b. Master stream
What is one disadvantage of synthetic fiber rope? a. Must be replaced often b. Melts when exposed to heat c. Cannot support heavy loads d. Prone to mold and mildew
b. Melts when exposed to heat
What material is commonly used to construct fire doors? a. Concrete b. Metal c. Wood d. Glass
b. Metal
Why should the flow of water be stopped from activated sprinklers once the fire has been extinguished? a. Reduce the wear and tear on the sprinkler system b. Minimize water damage to the structure and its contents c. Prevent reignition of the fire d. Prevent the sprinkler system from overloading
b. Minimize water damage to the structure and its contents
Which of the following statements about foam proportioning is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Most Class A foams are mixed in proportions of 3 to 6 percent. b. Mixing Class A foam at a higher recommended percentage results in a thick, dry foam. c. The percentage rate for proportioning foam is determined by the authority having jurisdiction. d. Most Class B foams are mixed in proportions of 1 percent or less.
b. Mixing Class A foam at a higher recommended percentage results in a thick, dry foam.
In a preincident plan, which of the following is a means of protecting items in a residential or business-occupied structure? Select one: a. Placing fire retardant furnishings nearby b. Moving items to unaffected area c. Monitoring a security system d. Preparing equipment for future response
b. Moving items to unaffected area
Fire hydrant tops and discharge caps should be painted as required in: Select one: a. NFPA® 71. b. NFPA® 291. c. NFPA® 1963. d. NFPA® 524.
b. NFPA® 291.
Which of the following BEST describes limitations of air-purifying respirators? Select one: a. Need for occasional atmospheric monitoring b. Need for normal oxygen content in atmosphere before use c. Limited range of mobility d. Limited market availability
b. Need for normal oxygen content in atmosphere before use
In what location are the emergency remote shutoff valves found on nonpressure liquid tanks? Select one: a. In the center of the tank near the valves and piping b. On the left front corner of the tank c. On the right front corner of the tank d. Built into the valve box
b. On the left front corner of the tank
What is the maximum number of firefighters that can use a ladder without overloading? Select one: a. Two firefighters per section b. One firefighter every 10 feet (3 m) c. One firefighter every 3 feet (1 m) d. Three firefighters on any ladder
b. One firefighter every 10 feet (3 m)
When contents of a structure have been stored outside after a fire incident during loss control, who should be made aware of the location of the contents? Select one: a. Ventilation and suppression crews b. Owners or occupants c. Local media sources d. Fire personnel on site
b. Owners or occupants
Which roof style commonly has an elevated center along a ridge line and a roof deck that slopes down to the eaves? a. Arched roof b. Pitched roof c. Mansard roof d. Flat roof
b. Pitched roof
Which types of respiratory protection use a blower to pass contaminated air through a canister or filter to remove the contaminant and supply the purified air to the full facepiece? Select one: a. Escape respirators b. Powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs) c. Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) d. Supplied-air hoods
b. Powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs)
Which type of water supply system may provide water under contract to a municipality, region, or single property? Select one: a. Industrial system b. Private system c. Public system d. Natural system
b. Private system
What should be done for a fire involving a hydrogen-fueled vehicle? Select one: a. Cut A, B, and C posts for easiest extrication b. Protect exposures and allow fuel to burn off c. Extinguish the fire immediately d. Request hazardous materials team
b. Protect exposures and allow fuel to burn off
Which of the following critical search areas is BEST defined as the areas farthest from the fire on the same level? Select one: a. Largest numbers b. Remainder of hazard zone c. Exposures d. Most severely threatened
b. Remainder of hazard zone
Which is the BEST procedure to follow when an inspection reveals possible deterioration of components? Select one: a. Mark ladder for training use only b. Remove the ladder from use until it can be service tested c. Tighten all bolts before returning the ladder to service d. Paint the components to prevent further deterioration
b. Remove the ladder from use until it can be service tested
Which is a responsibility of a Fire Fighter II concerning evidence at a fire investigation? a. Briefing the press about the cause of the fire b. Restricting access to the scene in order to protect evidence c. Detaining bystanders who may have information about evidence d. Determining which evidence is admissible in court
b. Restricting access to the scene in order to protect evidence
Which of the following examples of salvage equipment must have a horizontal ledge from which to hang salvage covers? Select one: a. Wooden sprinkler wedge b. S-hook c. Pikepole d. J-hook
b. S-hook
The fire department _____ should identify qualified rescue teams prior to incidents. a. Safety Officer b. SOP/SOG c. Awareness Responder d. Permit
b. SOP/SOG
What should be used in a confined space in order to help firefighters remain in contact with one another and find their way to the exit? a. Life safety rope b. Search line c. Tag line d. Wire rope or cable
b. Search line
What fireground role is MOST likely to finish hose lays begun by the first-arriving company? Select one: a. Incident Commander b. Second-arriving engine company c. Fireground support company d. Rapid intervention crew/team
b. Second-arriving engine company
Which action of fire fighting foam creates a barrier between the fuel and the fire? Select one: a. Cooling b. Separating c. Penetrating d. Aerating
b. Separating
Which of the following is a potential source of contamination during evidence preservation? Select one: a. Charred documents that are unreadable b. Smoking materials that have been dropped c. Clearing out loose debris d. Damaged equipment while putting out the fire
b. Smoking materials that have been dropped
Which of the following statements about fire steam nozzles is most accurate? Select one: a. Smooth bore nozzles are designed to give water a fan shape before discharge. b. Smooth bore and fog nozzles are used only on handlines. c. Fog nozzles do little to shape the fire stream. d. Broken-stream delivery devices are used to apply water in confined spaces.
b. Smooth bore and fog nozzles are used only on handlines.
Which nozzle produces a compact stream with little shower or spray? Select one: a. Piercing nozzle b. Smooth bore nozzle c. Cellar nozzle d. Constant gallonage fog nozzle
b. Smooth bore nozzle
Which fire stream pattern is produced by a fixed orifice, smooth bore nozzle? Select one: a. Broken-stream b. Solid stream c. Straight stream d. Fog-stream
b. Solid stream
Which of the following statements about fire streams is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Broken-streams have less reach and penetration than fog- streams. b. Solid streams are more likely to conduct electricity. c. Fog-streams are less affected by wind than are solid streams. d. Wide angle fog patterns have the greater forward velocity than other patterns.
b. Solid streams are more likely to conduct electricity.
Which of the following actions should firefighters do to determine the difference in feel of supported and unsupported areas of a roof? Select one: a. Bounce an item off the roof b. Sound the roof c. Step on the roof d. Cut the roof
b. Sound the roof
The energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree is called: Select one: a. Latent Heat of Vaporization. b. Specific Heat. c. Standard International Heat Unit. d. British Thermal Unit (Joule).
b. Specific Heat.
Which of the following statements about vaporization and steam is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Steam produced on contact with hot surfaces has little effect on the total volume of the upper layer of hot smoke and fire gases. b. Steam produced in the upper layer of hot smoke and fire gases will cause the upper layer to contract toward the ceiling. c. Steam produced in the upper layer of hot smoke and fire gases may cause the upper layer to expand downward. d. Steam produced on contact with hot surfaces is more likely to result in complete vaporization of the fire stream.
b. Steam produced in the upper layer of hot smoke and fire gases will cause the upper layer to contract toward the ceiling.
Which of the following fire stream patterns is usually produced by a fog nozzle? Select one: a. Broken-stream b. Straight stream c. Cellar stream d. Solid stream
b. Straight stream
Which of the following nozzle categories was established by NFPA®1963, Standard for Fire Hose Connections? Select one: a. Rockwood b. Straight tip c. Piercing d. Bresnan
b. Straight tip
Who generally places the ladder the correct distance from the building and is in charge of voicing commands when two firefighters work together to raise a ladder? a. A third firefighter nearby b. The heeler c. A company officer d. The firefighter at the tip
b. The heeler
If an IAP is successful, which of the following should occur? Select one: a. The IC will receive unfavorable reports. b. The incident should stabilize. c. The plan should be reevaluated. d. The plan should be revised.
b. The incident should stabilize.
What is the most obvious indicator that a location is the area of origin? a. It is the highest point adjacent to the damage b. The location has the most damage c. The location is furthest from the exit d. It is the location with the least amount of damage
b. The location has the most damage
Which of the following statements regarding rural water supply operations is MOST accurate? Select one: a. They require at least three municipal fire departments. b. They require frequent practice. c. They are only necessary in rural areas. d. They are simple to perform and require little planning.
b. They require frequent practice.
Which of the following statements regarding the placement of portable tanks is MOST accurate? Select one: a. They should be placed on firm, rocky terrain for best results. b. They should be placed so that the drain is located on the down-hill side of the tank. c. They should be located so that only one apparatus can off-load at a time. d. They should be placed so that the drain is located near the drafting tank.
b. They should be placed so that the drain is located on the down-hill side of the tank.
When do salvage operations take place? a. After the fire investigation has been finished b. Throughout the duration of the incident c. After extinguishment, but before the fire investigation d. Only after the fire has been extinguished
b. Throughout the duration of the incident
How may elevators be used at fires in upper levels of structures? Select one: a. To transport equipment to the fire floor b. To transport personnel to the staging area c. To transport empty SCBA to the staging area d. To transport firefighting tools to the fire floor
b. To transport personnel to the staging area
Which of the following is an atmospheric hazard that can be expected at a fire in an underground space? Select one: a. Limited means of entry and egress b. Toxic gases c. Standing water d. Cave-ins or unstable support members
b. Toxic gases
Departments or agencies are required to establish written standard operating procedures? a. False b. True
b. True
Which type of fire cause is used when specific cause has not been determined? Select one: a. Natural b. Undetermined c. Accidental d. Incendiary
b. Undetermined
At what point do appropriate salvage procedures begin at a fire incident? Select one: a. After all fire personnel are on the scene b. Upon arrival, continuing until the last unit leaves the scene c. Once the Company Officer determines it is time d. Once the last visual scan for remaining fire is complete
b. Upon arrival, continuing until the last unit leaves the scene
Where should apparatus be located at a Class B fire? Select one: a. Downwind and uphill of the incident b. Upwind and uphill of the incident c. Downwind and downhill from the incident d. Upwind and downhill of the incident
b. Upwind and uphill of the incident
Which of the following BEST describes the process taken at flammable gas incidents if gas is burning? Select one: a. Request mutual aid extrication teams b. Use hose streams to protect exposures if needed c. Extinguish burning flame d. Monitor, but do not shut off pressurized gas supply
b. Use hose streams to protect exposures if needed
Which spill control and confinement tactic is an action taken to reduce the emission of vapors at a hazardous material spill? Select one: a. Dissolution b. Vapor suppression c. Ventilation d. Vapor dispersion
b. Vapor suppression
Which of the following is a visual indicator of an alternative fuel vehicle? Select one: a. Vehicle year b. Vehicle profile c. Vehicle color d. Vehicle size
b. Vehicle profile
When does splicing covers with watertight joints becomes necessary? Select one: a. When there are not enough firefighter personnel available on the scene of the fire incident b. When objects or groupings are too large to be covered with a single cover c. When objects or groupings may be covered easily with a single cover d. When more than one floor of a fire incident structure is involved
b. When objects or groupings are too large to be covered with a single cover
Which of the following BEST describes when a chief officer may assume a role other than Incident Commander (IC) on-scene? Select one: a. When a fast-attack suppression operation is needed. b. When the original IC has made reasonable progress toward stabilization. c. When the incident organization needs to be improved. d. Never, the original IC should always stay in control of operations.
b. When the original IC has made reasonable progress toward stabilization.
Trash container fires are likely to be fought using Class A foam or: a. Halon. b. a master stream. c. Class B foam. d. Purple K.
b. a master stream.
To extinguish by cooling, the fire stream must: Select one: a. be fully vaporized into steam. b. absorb heat faster than fire generates heat. c. absorb over 50 percent of heat generated by the fire. d. fully saturate the fuel source.
b. absorb heat faster than fire generates heat.
All firefighting personnel should continue to use self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) until: Select one: a. the fire has been completely extinguished. b. air monitoring confirms SCBAs can be safely removed. c. the fire behavior has been determined. d. atmosphere has been determined toxic below 5 percent.
b. air monitoring confirms SCBAs can be safely removed.
Class A foam extinguishes and/or prevents ignition by: Select one: a. preventing air from reaching the fuel or mixing with vapors. b. allowing water to penetrate fuels. c. lowering the temperature of the fuel and adjacent surfaces. d. creating a barrier between the fuel and the fire.
b. allowing water to penetrate fuels.
Multipurpose Class B foams are normally mixed at a 6 percent rate when: Select one: a. fuel is burning near a body of water. b. applied to polar solvents c. thinner (wetter) foam is desired. d. applied to hydrocarbon fuels.
b. applied to polar solvents
A(An) _____ roof is often found on buildings that require a large open area to be covered without being supported by pillars or columns. a. pitched b. arched c. lantern d. mansard
b. arched
A master stream device should enter a structure: Select one: a. in a circular pattern. b. at an upward angle. c. at a downward angle. d. in a straight line.
b. at an upward angle.
Positive pressure ventilation is applied to a building at ground level through the use of one or more: Select one: a. exit points. b. blowers. c. entry points. d. smoke ejectors.
b. blowers.
An overhand safety knot: a. is the best knot to use for hoisting and rescue operations. b. can be used to keep the running end of the rope from slipping through the first knot that is tied. c. is not used in the fire service because of its ineffectiveness. d. must always be used in conjunction with another knot in order to be effective.
b. can be used to keep the running end of the rope from slipping through the first knot that is tied.
Class D fires involve: Select one: a. stacked and piled materials. b. combustible metals. c. energized electrical equipment. d. transportation vehicles.
b. combustible metals.
In a building that is protected by control mode sprinklers, firefighters need to: a. perform fire attack from outside the fire compartment. b. complete suppression before turning off the system. c. turn the system off before entering the building. d. stay back and allow the sprinklers to put out the fire.
b. complete suppression before turning off the system
Devices used to remove water from basements and elevator shafts are referred to as: Select one: a. sprinkler kits. b. dewatering devices. c. carryalls. d. water chutes.
b. dewatering devices.
An occupant stating that the room smelled like propane immediately before the fire started is an example of _____ evidence. a. physical b. direct c. trace d. circumstantial
b. direct
If a firefighter aims a solid stream at an item that is on fire and applies water until the item is no longer burning, he or she is using a(an): a. combination attack. b. direct attack. c. indirect attack. d. transitional attack.
b. direct attack.
Charged hoselines should be present during overhaul operations of a fire incident: Select one: a. to prevent fatigue or exhaustion in firefighting personnel. b. due to the threat of reignition. c. for unmarked potentially hazardous areas. d. in case of roof or floor collapse.
b. due to the threat of reignition.
During a fire station tour for children,: a. all personnel must be present in the same room as the tour to help supervise. b. ensure that the children are only allowed to handle clean PPE. c. the children should be allowed to explore on their own. d. the children must remain in the apparatus bay because other areas of the fire station are unsuitable.
b. ensure that the children are only allowed to handle clean PPE.
Knowledge of fire hydrant operation is necessary in order to: Select one: a. flow water to test hydrant pressure and capacity. b. flow water from hydrant discharge openings to flush sediment. c. provide water to water treatment plants. d. provide water to community storage tanks.
b. flow water from hydrant discharge openings to flush sediment.
Modern metal and fiberglass ladders are designed to be used with the: a. fly facing in. b. fly facing out. c. halyard tied to the top rung. d. halyard left untied.
b. fly facing out.
Water as a cooling agent must be combined with ___ to be effective on lighter petroleum distillates. Select one: a. carbon dioxide b. foam additives c. clean agents d. chemicals
b. foam additives
For vertical ventilation to be effective, a horizontal inlet opening at or below the level of the fire is needed to provide a flow path for: Select one: a. for fresh air to exit the structure. b. for fresh air to enter the structure. c. flames to exit the structure. d. for smoke to enter the structure.
b. for fresh air to enter the structure.
Special preincident plans for loss control are developed: Select one: a. solely by property owners. b. for high value items especially susceptible to water and smoke damage. c. by the Incident Commander on scene. d. for all items covered under insurance at the property.
b. for high value items especially susceptible to water and smoke damage.
When properly climbing a ladder, the firefighter should look: Select one: a. forward and place his or her feet toward the center of the rungs. b. forward with his or her arms straight, grasping alternate rungs. c. toward the ladder tip with feet placed toward the center of the rungs. d. toward the ladder tip and the beams.
b. forward with his or her arms straight, grasping alternate rungs.
Closing the valve on a natural gas tank to stop the emission of gaseous fuel would be an example of: a. chemical flame inhibition. b. fuel removal. c. temperature reduction. d. oxygen exclusion.
b. fuel removal.
At fires at commercial high-voltage installations, the entry team must wear: Select one: a. wildland firefighting clothing. b. full PPE, including SCBA. c. vapor protective clothing. d. chemical protective clothing.
b. full PPE, including SCBA.
Wiping off water left on cabinets or other horizontal surfaces with paper towels during loss control is done to: Select one: a. match the requirements of the preincident plan. b. guard against potential loss. c. keep the contents of the structure clean. d. guard against mold and mildew.
b. guard against potential loss.
Residential fire and life safety surveys should be conducted: a. on a surprise, random basis. b. in teams of two or more firefighters. c. by a single firefighter. d. during regular daytime business hours.
b. in teams of two or more firefighters.
If a firefighter aims a solid or straight stream at the ceiling so that water will rain down and extinguish the burning item, he or she is using a(an): a. direct attack. b. indirect attack. c. transitional attack. d. combination attack.
b. indirect attack.
The proportioning method which uses an external pump or head pressure to force foam concentrate into the fire stream is: Select one: a. eduction. b. injection. c. premixing. d. batch-mixing.
b. injection.
Salvage and overhaul are tactics: Select one: a. started only after all fire has been extinguished. b. intended to reduce property damage. c. completed when the owner/occupant can pay expenses. d. completed only when property contains known valuables.
b. intended to reduce property damage.
When salvage operations are performed and contents are removed from the structure, the salvage operations may: Select one: a. require proof of insurance from building owners/occupants. b. interfere with suppression and ventilation crews using the same doors. c. interfere with rehabilitation efforts to bring water to firefighters. d. require building owners/occupants to agree to the removal.
b. interfere with suppression and ventilation crews using the same doors.
A structure may be secured and turned over to the owner/occupant once a fire is out and: Select one: a. debris is cleared. b. investigation is completed. c. written documents are obtained. d. charred evidence is secured.
b. investigation is completed.
To safely climb an extension ladder, it is recommended to place your feet: a. in the center of the rungs with the halyard tied on the outside of the rungs near the beams. b. near the beams with the halyard tied in the center of the rungs. c. near the beams with the halyard tied on the outside of the rungs near the beams. d. in the center of the rungs with the halyard tied in the center of the rungs.
b. near the beams with the halyard tied in the center of the rungs.
Firefighters will typically begin overhaul in areas: Select one: a. containing the most valuable items. b. of most severe fire involvement. c. of least severe fire involvement. d. that are the most easily accessible.
b. of most severe fire involvement.
Leak control and containment is considered a (an): Select one: a. defensive action. b. offensive action. c. nonintervention action. d. intervention action.
b. offensive action.
Flammable liquids that mix readily with water are: Select one: a. fluorosurfactants. b. polar solvents. c. viscous liquids. d. hydrocarbon fuels.
b. polar solvents.
Air-aspirating nozzles must be used with: Select one: a. aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF). b. protein and flouoroprotein concentrates. c. compressed air foam systems (CAFS). d. high-expansion foams.
b. protein and flouoroprotein concentrates.
Interacting with the business owner or representative is a good opportunity to: Select one: a. predischarge fire extinguishing system. b. recommend continual loss control practices. c. find problems with building code violations. d. meet with their procurement unit.
b. recommend continual loss control practices.
Protecting the contents of rooms immediately below the fire floor with salvage covers while fire suppression operations are conducted is performing a: Select one: a. overhaul operations procedure. b. salvage operations procedure. c. preincident plan activity. d. fire suppression activity.
b. salvage operations procedure.
Once the control of scene has been relinquished, personnel can only re-enter after: Select one: a. logging in with the person granting access. b. securing permission from owner. c. providing valid identification. d. speaking with the insurance investigator.
b. securing permission from owner.
Firefighters can detect hidden fires by: Select one: a. sight, smell, touch, electronic sensors. b. sight, touch, sound, electronic sensors. c. sight, touch, taste, electronic sensors. d. sight, smell, taste, electronic sensors.
b. sight, touch, sound, electronic sensors.
Implementation of the incident action plan is accomplished by performing: Select one: a. ICS duties. b. tactical objectives. c. two or more modes of operation. d. strategic goals.
b. tactical objectives.
In order to provide information for the fire investigations, firefighters at a scene should: a. interview witnesses and bystanders. b. take note of any indications of unusual fire behavior. c. make a list of fire department and mutual aid resources used. d. interview the owner of the property.
b. take note of any indications of unusual fire behavior
Latent Heat of Vaporization is: Select one: a. the temperature at which the rate of vaporization begins to decrease. b. the amount of heat required to convert a unit mass of a liquid into a vapor without temperature change. c. the temperature at which a substance turns to steam. d. the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree.
b. the amount of heat required to convert a unit mass of a liquid into a vapor without temperature change.
The area of origin will usually contain: a. an obvious ignition source and material first ignited. b. the greatest amount of damage and debris. c. evidence of arson. d. piles of stacked materials that act as fuel.
b. the greatest amount of damage and debris.
The designated length of a ladder is: a. the height a ladder will reach after being set to the appropriate climbing angle. b. the total length of a single section ladder and the maximum extended length of an extension ladder. c. the same as the ladder's working length. d. always less than a ladder's working length.
b. the total length of a single section ladder and the maximum extended length of an extension ladder.
If a deceased victim is encountered during the course of an incident or during the investigation,: a. the victim should be covered and then transported as soon as possible. b. the victim should be left undisturbed and treated as evidence. c. firefighters must treat the scene as both a fire scene and a medical emergency incident. d. firefighters must leave the scene immediately and turn control over to law enforcement.
b. the victim should be left undisturbed and treated as evidence.
With regard to ground cover fires,: a. the fire will spread more quickly when it can jump between patches of fuels that are spread apart. b. tightly compacted fuels burn slower than loosely piled fuels. c. the more moisture a fuel contains, the more intensely it will burn. d. heavy fuels burn faster than light fuels.
b. tightly compacted fuels burn slower than loosely piled fuels.
Fire and life safety surveys are performed in private dwellings: a. as a way to change the public's mind about the fire department. b. to determine what hazards and what types of safety equipment are within the home. c. to determine if residents are breaking any fire codes or laws. d. in exactly the same way that they are performed in commercial or industrial occupancies.
b. to determine what hazards and what types of safety equipment are within the home.
When turning off the water to a residential structure, firefighters should: a. wear full PPE and SCBA. b. use caution because the electrical ground wire may be connected to the water pipe c. obtain a special water shut-off key from the water department. d. have a backup hoseline standing by.
b. use caution because the electrical ground wire may be connected to the water pipe.
Protecting property requires firefighters to: a. begin loss control after the fire has been extinguished. b. use good loss control techniques throughout the incident. c. stop fire suppression efforts until the area has been secured. d. prioritize property conservation over incident stabilization and life safety.
b. use good loss control techniques throughout the incident.
When attacking fire in stacked and piled materials, _____, then apply water or Class A foam until extinguished. a. advance until you are at least 5 feet (1.5 m) from the fire's edge b. use hooks or pike poles to break apart material c. advance until you are at least 10 feet (3 m) from the fire's edge d. apply Class B foam or clean agents
b. use hooks or pike poles to break apart material
To prevent injury when using a tool, position yourself so that your weight is: a. slightly forward. b. slightly backward. c. balanced on both feet. d. leaning the direction of the task.
balanced on both feet.
The lowest, widest section of an extension ladder is called the: (655) A. halyard. B. fly section. C. truss block. D. bed section
bed section.
When driving a fire apparatus, driver/operators should remember safe driving begins:
before leaving the station
The philosophy of loss control is to perform activities to minimize losses to property: (1104) A. during a fire incident. B. after a fire incident occurs. C. before a fire incident occurs. D. before, during, and after a fire incident.
before, during, and after a fire incident.
NFPA® 1901 requires that mobile water supply apparatus on level ground be capable of dumping or filling at rates of at least: Select one: a. 2,500 gpm (10 000 L/min). b. 2,000 gpm (8 000 L/min). c. 1,000 gpm (4 000 L/min). d. 1,500 gpm (6 000 L/min).
c. 1,000 gpm (4 000 L/min).
Which of the following hoseline sizes are used to supply a handline stream? Select one: a. 2½- to 3-inch (65 mm to 77 mm) hoselines b. 3½ - to 5-inch (88 mm to 125 mm) hoselines c. 1½- to 3-inch (38 mm to 77 mm) hoselines d. ¾-inch (20 mm), 1-inch (25 mm), or 1½-inch (38 mm) hoselines
c. 1½- to 3-inch (38 mm to 77 mm) hoselines
A drafting operation will require a minimum of ___ inches (mm) of water above and below the hard intake strainer. Select one: a. 6 (150) b. 12 (300) c. 24 (600) d. 36 (900)
c. 24 (600)
Floating strainers can draft water from sources as shallow as: Select one: a. 12 inches (300 mm). b. 48 inches (1 200 mm). c. 24 inches (600 mm). d. 36 inches (900 mm).
c. 24 inches (600 mm)
Backpack-type water vacuum tanks normally have a capacity of: Select one: a. 1 to 3 gallons (4 L to 11 L). b. 6 to 10 gallons (23 L to 38 L). c. 4 to 5 gallons (15 L to 20 L). d. 10 to 15 gallons (38 L to 57 L).
c. 4 to 5 gallons (15 L to 20 L).
Standard three-way fire hydrants require a ___-inch (mm) valve opening. Select one: a. 4 (100) b. 3 (75) c. 5 (125) d. 6 (150)
c. 5 (125)
What is the minimum size pipe typically used to ensure adequate quantities of water through a water distribution system? Select one: a. 10-inch (250 mm) b. 12-inch (300 mm) c. 8-inch (200 mm) d. 4-inch (100 mm)
c. 8-inch (200 mm)
Which statement about broken-streams is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Broken-streams may have sufficient continuity to conduct electricity. b. The effects of a broken-stream cannot be created by another stream type. c. A broken-stream has less reach and penetration than a fog- stream. d. Coarse droplets absorb less heat per gallon (liter) than a solid stream does.
c. A broken-stream has less reach and penetration than a fog- stream.
Which of the following may provide firefighters the BEST access to a basement fire? Select one: a. An interior open stairwell b. An interior enclosed stairwell c. A window well d. An above-ground window
c. A window well
Which would NOT be an example of physical evidence at a fire scene? a. Tire tracks outside the structure b. Debris from an explosion c. A witness's statement d. Damage to electrical wiring
c. A witness's statement
Which spill control and confinement tactic occurs when one material enters the cell structure of another and is retained within? Select one: a. Dissolution b. Dilution c. Absorption d. Adsorption
c. Absorption
Which would be potential evidence when examining the exterior of a structure for the area of origin? Select one: a. Unlocked doors or windows b. Construction type of the building c. Any indication of forcible entry d. Signs that the building is occupied
c. Any indication of forcible entry
During relay pumping, which apparatus should be located at the water source? Select one: a. Apparatus with the largest tank b. Apparatus with the most amount of supply hose c. Apparatus with the greatest pumping capacity d. Apparatus with the fastest dumping capabilities
c. Apparatus with the greatest pumping capacity
Which of the following statements about operating fog nozzles on handlines is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Fog nozzle flow rates may be adjusted quickly with no nozzle reaction. b. Fog nozzles are more difficult to handle than smooth bore nozzles. c. As the fog pattern widens, the nozzle reaction decreases and the nozzle is easier to handle. d. Adjustable fog nozzles must be turned off for the operator to adjust the flow.
c. As the fog pattern widens, the nozzle reaction decreases and the nozzle is easier to handle.
Which of the following BEST describes means of escape required when personnel are working on a roof or upper story? Select one: a. At least one ground ladder and one roof ladder b. At least two ground ladders and one aerial device c. At least two ladders at remote locations from one another d. At least two ladders no more than ten feet from one another
c. At least two ladders at remote locations from one another
Which type of window has one or more top-hinged, outward-swinging sashes that permit the window to be opened during rain? Select one: a. Projecting window b. Casement window c. Awning window d. Pivoting window
c. Awning window
How is the amount of water needed for domestic use and fire protection calculated? Select one: a. Based on minimum daily water consumption b. Based on averages and maximum daily water consumption c. Based on history of consumption and estimates of anticipated needs d. Based on anticipated needs and fire protection daily usage
c. Based on history of consumption and estimates of anticipated needs
Which type of window has one or two side-hinged sashes and usually opens outward? a. Picture window b. Display window c. Casement window d. Pivoting window
c. Casement window
Which of the following statements about cellar nozzles is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Cellar nozzle standards are established by NFPA® 1963. b. Cellar nozzles can be used to apply compressed air foam. c. Cellar nozzles are lowered into confined spaces through a hole cut in an overhead surface. d. Cellar nozzles are driven into place with a mallet, sledge hammer, or flathead axe.
c. Cellar nozzles are lowered into confined spaces through a hole cut in an overhead surface.
Which of the following is developed to ensure the integrity of evidence during collection? Select one: a. The Miranda warning b. Determining fire cause c. Chain of custody d. Modifying equipment
c. Chain of custody
Which of the following may appear on floors and indicate where fuel burned in that location? Select one: a. Fire pattern b. Debris c. Charring d. Flashover
c. Charring
Which is an example of protecting interior exposures? a. Applying water to the hot gas layer b. Deactivating sprinklers once the fire is extinguished c. Closing a door between the fire and unaffected area d. Performing negative pressure ventilation
c. Closing a door between the fire and unaffected area
Which hazard is a concern when fighting fires in exterior stacked or piled Class A materials? a. Electrocution b. Flashover c. Collapse d. Backdraft
c. Collapse
Which of the following is a responsibility of a firefighter during fire investigations? Select one: a. Determine origin and cause b. Determine amount of loss c. Collect important information d. Conduct investigation
c. Collect important information
Which action would be taken first when performing suppression operations at a structure protected by automatic sprinklers? a. Closing the main sprinkler control valve b. Testing the sprinkler system c. Connecting the pumper to the FDC d. Advancing attack hose to the fire floor
c. Connecting the pumper to the FDC
Which of the following is one of the FIRST priorities at a fire in a protected structure? Select one: a. Stopping the flow from a sprinkler b. Shutting a control valve c. Connecting to a fire department connection (FDC) d. Deploying a master stream
c. Connecting to a fire department connection (FDC)
Which of the following will be performed by the emergency response center? Select one: a. Contact local emergency services b. Record a transcript of the phone call c. Contact the shipper of the material or other experts d. Determine the material's risk factors
c. Contact the shipper of the material or other experts
Which is true when preserving the fire scene? a. Evidence should be moved to a central location as quickly as possible to facilitate efficient investigation. b. A Fire Fighter I is qualified to preserve evidence and to determine the cause of the fire in arson incidents. c. Control of evidence must be maintained as part of the chain of custody. d. Once the fire has been extinguished, firefighters must leave the scene so that fire investigators can preserve evidence.
c. Control of evidence must be maintained as part of the chain of custody.
Which of the following rescue methods is not practical for moving unconscious adults? Select one: a. Incline drag b. Seat lift/carry c. Cradle-in-arms lift/carry d. Webbing drag
c. Cradle-in-arms lift/carry
Which of the following should be done once the fire has been controlled? Select one: a. Remove air bags b. Remove fuel tanks c. Disconnect the battery d. Disconnect automatic locks and windows
c. Disconnect the battery
What are chutes designed to do? a. Cover doors and windows after openings have been made b. Carry salvage tools from the apparatus to the structure c. Drain water runoff out a window or door d. Act as a basin for storing water runoff
c. Drain water runoff out a window or door
Which of the following statements is MOST accurate about types of evidence? Select one: a. Evidence cannot speak for itself and rarely supports a testimony b. There are four primary evidence categories c. Evidence is presented to prove or disprove a hypothesis d. Physical evidence is the most important evidence
c. Evidence is presented to prove or disprove a hypothesis
Which nonfire hazard may be found around military training areas? Select one: a. Rolling or falling debris b. Animal traps c. Explosives d. Unstable trees
c. Explosives
What BEST describes the preferred method of transferring Command? Select one: a. Through the IAP protocol b. Through the NIMS protocol c. Face-to-face d. Over the radio
c. Face-to-face
NIMS-ICS is required of all state, tribal, and local organizations receiving: Select one: a. state assistance. b. property taxes. c. Federal preparedness assistance. d. grant money.
c. Federal preparedness assistance.
Which of the following decides what evidence is collected? Select one: a. Insurance investigator b. Fire chief c. Fire investigator d. Firefighter
c. Fire investigator
Which statement describes a safety guideline for operations at a multistory building? a. Firefighters must not connect the hose to the standpipe on the fire floor. b. If the standpipe is in a protected stairwell, the hose must be connected on the floor above the fire. c. Firefighters must not use an elevator to get to the fire floor. d. If the structure does not have a standpipe, firefighters must avoid using the stairwell nearest to the fire.
c. Firefighters must not use an elevator to get to the fire floor.
How does topography (the earth's surface features) affect the spread of ground cover fires? a. Fires on flat terrain are prone to the chimney effect. b. Fires in canyons tend to spread slower because of a lack of wind and air flow. c. Fires on southern exposures receive more heat from the sun and burn faster than other fires. d. Fires spread faster going downhill than they do going uphill.
c. Fires on southern exposures receive more heat from the sun and burn faster than other fires.
Which of the following statements regarding burning characteristics of ground cover fires is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Loosely piled fuels burn slower than those that are tightly compacted. b. Fuels that contain more moisture burn with greater intensity c. Fires spread faster when fuels are close together. d. Heavy fuels burn faster than lighter fuels.
c. Fires spread faster when fuels are close together.
Which of the following statements about foam concentrates is MOST accurate? Select one: a. The minimum rate of application will be marked on the foam concentrate container. b. A foam blanket is of little benefit on unignited fuels. c. Foam application rates are different for each type of polar solvent. d. Foam should be applied in short bursts, with the operator pausing to observe its effect on the fire.
c. Foam application rates are different for each type of polar solvent.
When using an in-line eductor, which of the following might cause foam concentrations to be too lean? Select one: a. Too little hose between eductor and discharge nozzle b. Solid agent stick too cold to dissolve effectively. c. Foam concentrate inlet too far above surface of foam concentrate d. Air compressor filter clogged, dirty, or water-soaked
c. Foam concentrate inlet too far above surface of foam concentrate
Which of the following fire stream patterns can be used for hydraulic ventilation? Select one: a. Solid stream b. Broken-stream c. Fog-stream d. Straight stream
c. Fog-stream
Which of the following statements about fog-streams is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Fog-streams have the greatest reach of all fire streams. b. Fog-steams have greater reach and penetration than broken-streams. c. Fog-streams may be used to cool the hot fire gas layer. d. Fog-streams are less affected by wind than are other streams.
c. Fog-streams may be used to cool the hot fire gas layer.
Which of the following reduces the volume and pressure of water available from hydrants? Select one: a. Pressure decline b. Pressure loss c. Friction loss d. Water hammer
c. Friction loss
Which size fire stream flows 40 to 350 gpm (160 L/min to 1 400 L/min)? Select one: a. High-volume stream b. Master stream c. Handline stream d. Low-volume stream
c. Handline stream
If a fire is ventilation controlled, what will happen if a door is opened? Select one: a. Fire will self-extinguish b. Overhead gas layers will cool c. Heat release rate will significantly increase d. Added oxygen will decrease fire development
c. Heat release rate will significantly increase
What is the BEST reason for removing contents from a structure during salvage procedures? Select one: a. Allow more items to be accounted for after the fire incident b. Make owner/occupant aware contents should be secured when removed from the structure c. Help protect them from further primary or potential secondary damage d. Allow better water access
c. Help protect them from further primary or potential secondary damage
Which of the following statements about water pressure is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Adjusting pump pressure has little effect in overcoming elevation loss/gain. b. Gravity has little effect on nozzle pressure. c. If the nozzle is above the fire pump, nozzle pressure is decreased. d. If the nozzle is below the fire pump, nozzle pressure is decreased.
c. If the nozzle is above the fire pump, nozzle pressure is decreased.
Which of the following BEST describes where search patterns are started? Select one: a. In areas where other exposures are at risk. b. Where specialized equipment can be used easily. c. In the area closest to the fire if it will not put firefighters at risk of severe injury. d. Where the fewest number of victims are located.
c. In the area closest to the fire if it will not put firefighters at risk of severe injury.
Preincident planning may not be your responsibility to develop, but you may be required to implement the plan as directed by the: Select one: a. Company Officer. b. home or business owner. c. Incident Commander. d. fire suppression team.
c. Incident Commander.
Which of the following are a well-thought-out, organized course of events developed to address all phases of incident control within a specified time? Select one: a. Modes of operation b. Strategic goals c. Incident action plans (IAPs) d. Tactical objectives
c. Incident action plans (IAPs)
Which of the following statements about smooth bore nozzle reaction is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Lean backward to control nozzle as action increases. b. Nozzle valves should be opened slowly to minimize water hammer. c. Increasing discharge pressure and flow rate increases nozzle reaction. d. Additional personnel are required for operating smooth bore nozzles on all hoselines.
c. Increasing discharge pressure and flow rate increases nozzle reaction.
Which type of fire attack is made through a window or other opening, directing the stream toward the ceiling to cool the room? Select one: a. Combination attack b. Gas cooling c. Indirect attack d. Direct attack
c. Indirect attack
Which of the following occupancies are non-water-based systems MOST likely to be found? Select one: a. Multi-family dwellings b. Recreational boats c. Industrial occupancies d. Covered malls
c. Industrial occupancies
Which of the following involves considering all factors that will affect an incident and response? Select one: a. Strategic goal b. Hazard and risk assessment c. Initial size-up d. Tactical objective
c. Initial size-up
What building material can retain hidden fires for prolonged periods of time during overhaul procedures? Select one: a. Sheetrock or drywall b. Asphalt shingles c. Insulation materials d. Plaster and metal lath
c. Insulation materials
Which of the following is the boundary established to prevent access by the public and unauthorized persons? Select one: a. Area of safe refuge b. Cold zone c. Isolation perimeter d. Hazard-control zone
c. Isolation perimeter
How are overhaul operations detrimental to an investigation? Select one: a. It can secure evidence. b. It can preserve evidence. c. It can destroy evidence. d. It can shelter evidence.
c. It can destroy evidence.
Which of the following should be notified and included in the response to a terrorist or criminal incident? Select one: a. Technician-level haz mat team b. Emergency medical services c. Law enforcement d. Emergency operations center
c. Law enforcement
Which incident level requires resources from state/provincial agencies, federal agencies, and/or private industry in addition to unified command? Select one: a. Level II b. Level I c. Level III d. Level IV
c. Level III
What is the first incident priority at haz mat/WMD incidents? Select one: a. Protection of the environment b. Protection of property c. Life safety d. Incident stabilization
c. Life safety
What material must be used to cover openings cut in upper stories' floors or over basements or crawl spaces during a fire incident? Select one: a. Tar paper b. Roofing paper c. Lumber or thick plywood d. Disposable rolled plastic sheeting
c. Lumber or thick plywood
In passenger compartment fires, what nozzle pattern should be used through a broken window? Select one: a. Direct straight stream pattern b. Narrow fog pattern c. Medium fog pattern d. Direct stream pattern
c. Medium fog pattern
Which classification of foam is used to suppress vapors from hazardous materials spills? Select one: a. High-expansion foam b. Minimal-expansion foam c. Medium-expansion foam d. Low-expansion foam
c. Medium-expansion foam
NFPA ____ is the standard for Fire Service Life Safety Rope and System Components. Select one: a. NFPA 1670 b. NFPA 1403 c. NFPA 1983 d. NFPA 1500
c. NFPA 1983
Notification requirements are spelled out in the: Select one: a. local emergency response plan. b. National Incident Management System. c. National Response Plan. d. incident action plan.
c. National Response Plan.
Which of the following may limit the use of water treatment facilities for fire fighting operations? Select one: a. Normal daily usage b. Rate at which impurities are removed c. Natural disaster d. Inadequate water pressure
c. Natural disaster
Which mode of operation includes actions to actively control the hazard? Select one: a. Nonintervention b. Intervention c. Offensive d. Defensive
c. Offensive
Which strategic transition may be necessary when the situation rapidly changes? Select one: a. Direct to indirect b. Indirect to direct c. Offensive to defensive d. Defensive to offensive
c. Offensive to defensive
Which of the following is the main advantage of using a one-firefighter spread with a rolled salvage cover? Select one: a. One person can remove water from basements. b. One person can reroll the salvage cover during overhaul. c. One person can quickly unroll the salvage cover across the top of an object. d. One person can log in the use of the salvage cover.
c. One person can quickly unroll the salvage cover across the top of an object.
Which portions of the ERG provide safety recommendations and general hazards information? Select one: a. Yellow pages b. Blue pages c. Orange pages d. White pages
c. Orange pages
Which of the following BEST describes where the Command Post is established at in an underground fire? Select one: a. Outside of the hot zone, 100 feet (30 m) from the entrance b. Near the hot zone, 100 feet (30 m) from the entrance c. Outside of the hot zone, near but not obstructing the entrance d. Near the hot zone, limiting entrance pathways
c. Outside of the hot zone, near but not obstructing the entrance
Where should a firefighter or investigator start searching for area of origin for a structure fire? Select one: a. Left of the burned area b. Inside the burned area c. Outside of the structure d. Right of the unburned area
c. Outside of the structure
Which of the following gives a parachute effect to float a salvage cover into place over the article to be covered during loss control? Select one: a. Warm air b. Smoke and hot air c. Pocketed air d. Heated air
c. Pocketed air
Which of the following is one of the ten standard fire fighting orders? Select one: a. Treat all incidents like a hazardous materials incident b. Wear standard firefighting structure gear at all incidents c. Post lookouts when there is possible danger d. Fight fire passively, providing for exposure protection first
c. Post lookouts when there is possible danger
Which of the following is a characteristic of nozzles designed to operate at pressures less than 100 psi (700 kPa)? Select one: a. Produce fire streams with greater velocity b. Produce droplets of smaller size c. Produce lower-density fog patterns d. Have more nozzle reaction
c. Produce lower-density fog patterns
Which of the following is not considered part of a Hazard and Risk assessment. a. Pre-Plans b. Patient Contact c. Radio-Communications d. Size-up
c. Radio-Communications
What is an example of an unapproved modification to a building that could create hazardous conditions? a. Installation of multiple fire walls in one compartment b. Removal of rack storage c. Removal of fire detection and suppression systems d. Installation of building alarms
c. Removal of fire detection and suppression systems
Which is an example of a security measure that can be put in place to protect evidence at the fire scene before suppression even begins? a. Placing a lockable trailer on site for evidence collection b. Collecting and bagging up smaller pieces of potential evidence c. Restricting access to unauthorized personnel and bystanders d. Deploying salvage covers over openings of unaffected locations
c. Restricting access to unauthorized personnel and bystanders
What is one of the major goals of recovery? Select one: a. Return the scene to its original condition b. Provide restitution for any property or environmental damage c. Return all equipment to preincident condition d. Debrief personnel upon return to the station
c. Return all equipment to preincident condition
Which of the following nozzle control valves also controls the discharge pattern of the fire stream? Select one: a. Slide valve b. Standpipe valve c. Rotary control valve d. Ball valve
c. Rotary control valve
Which of the following may delay suppression activities for a short time to remove vital contents as part of loss control? Select one: a. Overhaul procedures b. On-going size up activities c. Salvage procedures d. Risk assessment evaluations
c. Salvage procedures
Which would be classified as an incendiary fire? a. An earthquake breaking a power line, which sparks and catches a house on fire b. A piece of machinery overheats c. Setting a business on fire to collect insurance money d. Overloading an electrical circuit
c. Setting a business on fire to collect insurance money
Which public protection method involves directing people to go quickly inside a building and remain there until the danger passes? Select one: a. Protection b. Defending-in-place c. Sheltering-in-place d. Evacuation
c. Sheltering-in-place
How can firefighters identify whether or not a vehicle uses an alternative fuel? a. All alternative fuel vehicles are required to have DOT placards identifying their fuel source. b. Alternative fuel vehicles have fuel tanks that are a different shape than other vehicles. c. Some alternative fuel vehicles have a visible logo on the front or rear of the vehicle. d. Firefighters must memorize the models of cars that use alternative fuel sources.
c. Some alternative fuel vehicles have a visible logo on the front or rear of the vehicle.
Which of the following occurs when movement, change, or alteration of evidence prevents obtaining value? Select one: a. Detoxification b. Alteration c. Spoliation d. Limitation
c. Spoliation
What type of fixed system can allow deployment of attack hoselines in large area structures or industrial sites? Select one: a. Water-based system b. Foam system c. Standpipe system d. Automatic sprinkler system
c. Standpipe system
Which of the following is the term used for two boards connected with long carriage bolts? Select one: a. Shutters b. Security bars and grilles c. Strongbacks d. Hopper windows
c. Strongbacks
Which of the following signs of arson may be used to allow fire spread? Select one: a. Unusual odors b. Trailers c. Structural alterations d. Fire patterns
c. Structural alterations
Which types of respiratory protection are atmosphere-supplying respirators where the user does not carry the breathing air source? Select one: a. Air-purifying respirators (APRs) b. Powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs) c. Supplied-air respirators (SARs) d. Escape respirators
c. Supplied-air respirators (SARs)
PPE can be determined by which of the following resources? Select one: a. Shipping papers b. Preincident plans c. The ERG d. Incident action plans
c. The ERG
Which of the following statements is MOST accurate about exterior fires? Select one: a. White ash appears on the underside of remaining debris. b. All sides of grass stems and tree trunks will be burnt. c. The area of origin may display unburned materials. d. Grass will fall away from the area of origin as it burns.
c. The area of origin may display unburned materials.
Which of the following statements about foam proportioners and delivery systems is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Either a foam proportioner or a foam generating system is needed to produce a foam fire stream. b. The foam-generating system introduces the appropriate amount of foam concentrate into the water to form foam solution. c. The foam proportioner and delivery system must be compatible to produce usable foam. d. The foam proportioner adds air into the foam solution to produce finished foam.
c. The foam proportioner and delivery system must be compatible to produce usable foam.
Which of the following is the first resource if outside assistance is needed? Select one: a. The incident action plan b. The National Response Plan c. The local emergency response plan d. The National Incident Management System
c. The local emergency response plan
Which of the following BEST describes what the size and quantity of hoselines can impact on-scene? Select one: a. The location of apparatus on-scene. b. The use of the two-in, two-out rule. c. The need to pump hoselines from a hydrant. d. The need for other resources.
c. The need to pump hoselines from a hydrant.
Which statement about constant-pressure fog nozzles is MOST accurate? Select one: a. The operator can vary flow rate but must also change the nozzle pressure. b. Constant-pressure fog nozzles for handlines are only designed for low-flow rates. c. The operator can vary the flow rate while maintaining constant nozzle pressure. d. Constant-pressure fog nozzles are reliable when the operating pressure is less than 100 psi (700 kPa).
c. The operator can vary the flow rate while maintaining constant nozzle pressure.
Which of the following statements about fire streams is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Hydrant pressure determines the shape of the fire stream. b. The type of nozzle determines the critical flow rate. c. The size of the nozzle opening and the nozzle pressure determine the quantity of water flowing from the nozzle. d. The relief valve influences the reach of a fire stream.
c. The size of the nozzle opening and the nozzle pressure determine the quantity of water flowing from the nozzle.
Which of the following statements regarding commercial basements and subfloors is MOST accurate? Select one: a. They are only comprised of steel girders b. They are usually less robust than residential basements c. They may have similar construction to those in residential structures d. Those made of metal floor supports have little chance of failure
c. They may have similar construction to those in residential structures
Why are sliding doors not allowed as part of the means of egress? a. They are too expensive to be practical in most occupancies. b. They must be designed to lock automatically. c. They slow travel of people through the door opening. d. They do not effectively block the spread of smoke and fire.
c. They slow travel of people through the door opening.
How many firefighters should be used to raise ladders of 35 feet (11 m) or longer? Select one: a. One per five feet of working length b. Two c. Three d. One per ladder section
c. Three
Which action would be done when creating a fire line? a. Clear only the top layer of burned fuels from the ground. b. Stop applying water to the fire until the line is complete. c. Throw all burned material into the black. d. Scatter all unburned material into the black.
c. Throw all burned material into the black.
Which method of protection is particularly effective at incidents involving radiation? Select one: a. Accountability system b. Backup personnel c. Time, distance, and shielding d. Withdrawal/escape
c. Time, distance, and shielding
Which of the following are often cigarette-match combinations? Select one: a. Electrical sources b. Fire patterns c. Timing devices d. Separate fires
c. Timing devices
What rule can be amended if a life safety hazard to a victim that can be saved without undue risk to firefighters is present on scene? Select one: a. SAR rule b. SCBA rule c. Two-in, two-out rule d. Situational awareness rule
c. Two-in, two-out rule
Which of the following BEST describes a way to determine the nature of cargo at a bulk transport vehicle fire? Select one: a. Estimate using information from witnesses b. Estimate based on type of container c. Use bills of lading or placards d. Use past experience to predict
c. Use bills of lading or placards
What tactics should be used at incidents involving liquefied petroleum gas vehicles? Select one: a. Direct fire streams at bottom of LPG tank b. Extinguish fire immediately c. Use gas detectors to determine leaks d. Approach from a 90-degree angle
c. Use gas detectors to determine leaks
Which of the following may be used as interior exposure protection? Select one: a. Applying water spray between fire and exposure b. Proper use of forced ventilation c. Use of fire-rated walls and doors d. Opening doors between fire area and unaffected area
c. Use of fire-rated walls and doors
which of the following Best describes a method for supporting the weight of an unconscious victim. a. Victim's body secured to rescuer with ladder belt b. Victim's legs placed between ladder rungs, weight supported on victim's thighs c. Victim's body rests on rescuer's supporting knee d. Victim placed in full-body harness and life-safety rope held by rescuer at tip of ladder
c. Victim's body rests on rescuer's supporting knee
Which of the following should be used to ensure that floor assemblies over basement fires are safe for personnel to work? Select one: a. Sounding of the floor b. Thermal imager c. Visual inspection of floor joist d. Temperature check of floor joists
c. Visual inspection of floor joist
Which type of sprinkler control valve extends horizontally through the wall with the target and valve operating nut on the outside of the building? a. Outside screw and yoke valve (OS&Y) b. Post indicator valve assembly (PIVA) c. Wall post indicator valve (WPIV) d. Post indicator valve (PIV)
c. Wall post indicator valve (WPIV)
Which zone is a place to decontaminate personnel and normally requires PPE? Select one: a. Hot zone b. Hazard zone c. Warm zone d. Cold zone
c. Warm zone
Which of the following statements about water hammer is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Water hammer is caused by air and turbulence in hose lines. b. Water hammer creates a startling noise, but no real damage. c. Water hammer can damage water mains, plumbing, fire hose, hydrants, and fire pumps. d. The effects of water hammer are greater at lower flow rates.
c. Water hammer can damage water mains, plumbing, fire hose, hydrants, and fire pumps.
When is simultaneous entry performed by a fireground support company? Select one: a. When the area closest to the fire poses a severe risk to firefighters. b. When the first-arriving company has too many personnel on-scene. c. When search and rescue operations must be done at the same time as fire attack. d. When the average water pressure in the distribution system is low.
c. When search and rescue operations must be done at the same time as fire attack.
Contact information for emergency response centers is included in which pages of the ERG? Select one: a. Blue pages b. Orange pages c. White pages d. Yellow pages
c. White pages
Which tool or piece of equipment is commonly used to stop the flow of water from an activated sprinkler? a. Spanner wrench b. Halligan tool c. Wooden wedges d. Pike pole
c. Wooden wedges
When attacking a passenger vehicle fire,: a. a -inch (65 mm) or larger hoseline is required. b. firefighters should extinguish fire in the engine compartment first. c. a backup hoseline should be deployed as quickly as possible. d. firefighters should approach from downhill and downwind.
c. a backup hoseline should be deployed as quickly as possible.
Characteristics of water that make it valuable for fire extinguishment include: Select one: a. a single application method. b. low coefficient of friction. c. a greater heat-absorbing capacity than other agents. d. an ability to change to steam with little energy required.
c. a greater heat-absorbing capacity than other agents.
Under fire conditions, a green roof can: a. act as an exit point for some types of ventilation. b. present a significant electrical hazard for firefighters on the roof. c. accelerate structural failure due to the increased dead load. d. provide the most stable surface from which to ventilate.
c. accelerate structural failure due to the increased dead load.
Installed in-line eductors, around-the-pump proportioners, and balanced pressure proportioners are examples of: Select one: a. portable foam proportioners. b. master stream delivery devices. c. apparatus-mounted proportioners. d. compressed air foam systems (CAFS).
c. apparatus-mounted proportioners.
When used with a smooth bore nozzle, a nozzle control valve that causes turbulence when partially open which can affect the quality of a fire stream is the: Select one: a. standpipe valve. b. slide valve. c. ball valve. d. rotary control valve.
c. ball valve.
If you handle, move, or gather evidence, you: Select one: a. may be found guilty of a crime. b. will be responsible for filling out evidence reports about it. c. become part of the chain of custody. d. must immediately take it to the fire investigator.
c. become part of the chain of custody.
The philosophy of loss control is to perform activities to minimize losses to property: Select one: a. before a fire incident occurs. b. during a fire incident. c. before, during, and after a fire incident. d. after a fire incident occurs.
c. before, during, and after a fire incident.
In most jurisdictions, residential fire and life safety surveys are: Select one: a. performed by fire department safety officers. b. required by local fire codes. c. conducted on a voluntary basis. d. paid for by the occupants.
c. conducted on a voluntary basis.
A recommended procedure regarding decontamination is to: a. place contaminated equipment in the cab of the apparatus for travel back to the station. b. bag contaminated equipment for travel back to the station. c. ensure all equipment and PPE is thoroughly decontaminated before leaving the scene. d. leave contaminated equipment at the scene for disposal.
c. ensure all equipment and PPE is thoroughly decontaminated before leaving the scene.
At fires involving stacked and piled materials, fire streams should be directed at the: Select one: a. ground, deflecting up onto the fire. b. middle of the fire. c. extreme edge of the fire. d. exposures surrounding the fire.
c. extreme edge of the fire.
When activated clean agent systems suppress the fire by: Select one: a. blanketing the fire. b. deploying both water and another agent. c. filling the compartment with extinguishing agent. d. cooling nearby objects eliminating radiant heat.
c. filling the compartment with extinguishing agent.
Mechanical ventilation methods using fans, blowers, and smoke ejectors can be applied to horizontal and vertical ventilation, but is most often used for: Select one: a. hydraulic ventilation. b. vertical ventilation. c. horizontal ventilation. d. natural ventilation.
c. horizontal ventilation
When trying to locate the area of origin of a ground cover fire, you must know: a. the fire cause before determining the area of origin. b. construction types for buildings in the affected area. c. how wind and topography can affect fire spread. d. the precise time the fire started.
c. how wind and topography can affect fire spread.
Class B foams are especially effective on: Select one: a. fires of ordinary combustibles. b. unignited hazardous liquids. c. hydrocarbon fuels and polar solvents. d. wildland and brush fires.
c. hydrocarbon fuels and polar solvents.
Liquefied petroleum gas is stored: Select one: a. in a gaseous form. b. in its purest form as butane gas. c. in a liquid state under pressure. d. as a solid.
c. in a liquid state under pressure.
Signs of arson are determined when initial cause is indicated as: Select one: a. structure or vehicle fire. b. exterior or interior fire. c. incendiary or undetermined fire. d. natural or accidental fire.
c. incendiary or undetermined fire.
Friction loss may be overcome by: Select one: a. curving the hoseline. b. inserting in-line gauges in the layout. c. increasing pump pressure. d. decreasing hose size.
c. increasing pump pressure.
When working on a roof, firefighters should be aware that roof openings or penetrations: a. are ineffective as a ventilation exit. b. can add a significant live load to the roof. c. may be difficult to access if they are locked or secured. d. are the most stable surface to work from on the roof.
c. may be difficult to access if they are locked or secured.
A common reason for generating poor-quality foam is: Select one: a. equipment is older than five years. b. eductor and nozzle flow ratings match. c. mixing different types of foam concentrate in the same tank. d. nozzle remains fully open during the process.
c. mixing different types of foam concentrate in the same tank.
Air flow is the movement of air toward burning fuel and: Select one: a. pressure differentials inside the compartment. b. movement of smoke in to the compartment. c. movement of smoke out of the compartment. d. pressure differentials outside the compartment.
c. movement of smoke out of the compartment.
Foam lowers surface tension of water, allowing it to ___ fires in Class A materials. Select one: a. suppress b. cool c. penetrate d. smother
c. penetrate
Heeling and tying-in are two methods of: Select one: a. preventing the firefighter from falling from the ladder. b. preventing an unconscious victim from falling from the ladder. c. preventing the ladder from moving away from the building. d. preventing the fly section from retracting unexpectedly.
c. preventing the ladder from moving away from the building.
Having a lesson plan for a fire and life safety presentation is important because it: a. allows any firefighter, regardless of experience, to teach the lesson. b. ensures that the presenter will stick to the guidelines and not inject personal experiences into the presentation. c. provides a road map for a variety of people to teach the lesson and ensure that all topics are covered. d. guarantees that the presenter is prepared and the audience will learn more from the presentation.
c. provides a road map for a variety of people to teach the lesson and ensure that all topics are covered.
During overhaul, prying tools can be used to: a. move loosely piled materials. b. install temporary window coverings. c. remove baseboards and window frames. d. carry debris or smoldering materials.
c. remove baseboards and window frames.
PPE selection is determined by: Select one: a. wind speed and ambient temperature. b. time of day. c. risk and potential hazards. d. number of personnel available.
c. risk and potential hazards.
Damage resulting from fire suppression activities is referred to as: Select one: a. overhaul damage. b. primary damage. c. secondary damage. d. limited damage.
c. secondary damage.
Firefighters working on flat roofs are likely to encounter obstacles that penetrate through the roof, including: a. eaves. b. trusses. c. skylights. d. gusset plates.
c. skylights.
All hydrants must be opened and closed ___ to prevent damage. Select one: a. partially b. at least twice c. slowly d. quickly
c. slowly
When an unprotected opening for pipes or wiring is made through a fire wall,: a. a secondary fire wall must be put in place. b. the fire wall becomes more effective at blocking smoke and flames. c. the protection provided by the fire wall is reduced or eliminated. d. a fire suppression system must be installed.
c. the protection provided by the fire wall is reduced or eliminated.
When hoisting a power saw, attach the tag line: a. to the largest part of the saw. b. in a circle around the body of the saw. c. through the handle. d. to the center part of the saw.
c. through the handle.
Pulling open areas around burned windows or doors during fire overhaul to expose inner parts of the frame or casing is done to: Select one: a. feel for heat. b. listen for the cracking/popping of fire burning. c. visually verify full extinguishment. d. look for discoloration of materials or peeling paint.
c. visually verify full extinguishment.
If a ground cover fire starts near transmission lines: Select one: a. extinguish the fire using only Class A foam. b. wait for the fire to self-extinguish. c. wait for the fire to burn away from the point of contact. d. extinguish the fire immediately.
c. wait for the fire to burn away from the point of contact.
The area of origin is the location: Select one: a. where ignition took place. b. with the most charring. c. where the fire began. d. with places where fire patterns can be determined.
c. where the fire began.
When examining the interior of a structure for the area of origin,: a. work from the area of greatest damage to the area of least damage. b. charring on the floor is the strongest indicator of area of origin. c. work from the area of least damage to the area of greatest damage. d. items with charring on all sides indicate that the fire was set intentionally.
c. work from the area of least damage to the area of greatest damage.
The distance the apparatus travels from when the driver/operator realizes the need to stop, until the driver/operator's foot touches the brake pedal is:
called driver-reaction distance
When marking a room, the marks should be low so they: a. can be seen under smoke. b. are easier to make. c. last longer. d. will not smudge off during a search.
can be seen under smoke.
Positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) exhaust openings vary with the size of the entry opening and the: a. capacity of hose lines. b. number of compartments in the structure. c. capacity of the blower used. d. number of personnel on site.
capacity of the blower used.
to move a tool to a roof or upper floor during an emergency operation, a firefighter should. a. carry the tool with one hand, slide the free hand under the ladder beam. b. carry the tool with both hands, resting the tool on ladder rungs for balance. c. climb the ladder, then have another firefighter toss the tool up to the tip of the ladder. d. attach the tool to a ladder belt worn while climbing.
carry the tool with one hand slide the free hand under the ladder beam
During a structural search, firefighters should monitor radio traffic for: a. building plan layout changes. b. changes in orders. c. personnel accountability reports. d. PASS device instructions.
changes in orders.
When a substance changes from one type of matter to another, it has had a: a. physical change. b. chemical shift. c. chemical reaction. d. physical alteration.
chemical reaction.
When a substance changes from one type of matter to another, it has had a: (208) A. chemical shift. B. physical change. C. chemical reaction. D. physical alteration.
chemical reaction.
To prevent water hammer: (949) A. use ball valve controls. B. bleed air from hoselines. C. flush debris from nozzles. D. close control valves slowly.
close control valves slowly.
When encountering fire in a room during a structural search, firefighters should:
close the door and report conditions.
Collection of rules enacted by law in a particular jurisdiction
code
The area that must be kept clear in case a piece of a structure collapses during an incident is called the
collapse zone
If a firefighter uses a Z pattern to apply water to the hot gas layer and then the burning fuels at the floor level, he or she is using a(an) _____ fire attack. a. indirect b. direct c. transitional d. combination
combination
The automatic closure of doors, petitions, windows, and HVAC systems are methods of: a. verifying combustibles adjacent to the fire floor. b. compartmentalizing a structure. c. confining fire operations personnel. d. evacuating occupants of the structure.
compartmentalizing a structure.
Once an exhaust opening has been created, it is important that the cone of air from the blower: a. completely covers the doorway opening. b. blows away from the fire. c. completely blocks the doorway opening. d. blows towards the fire.
completely covers the doorway opening.
According to the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) heavy timber construction avoids: a. concealed spaces under floors and roofs. b. using noncombustible materials. c. having open crawl spaces. d. using flame-retardant materials.
concealed spaces under floors and roofs.
Deciding whether to walk upright or crawl during a structural search depends on the: a. physical capability of the firefighter. b. the type of search method used. c. conditions in the environment. d. the number of firefighters on a search team.
conditions in the environment.
Combustibles adjacent to the ductwork of an HVAC system should be checked in case ___ has caused additional fires. a. convection b. conduction c. circumvention d. concentration
conduction
Storing rope in a bag can make it easy to transport and protects it from: a. gasoline fumes. b. contamination. c. direct heat. d. moisture in the air.
contamination.
Storing rope in a bag can make it easy to transport and protects it from: (381) A. direct heat. B. contamination. C. gasoline fumes. D. moisture in the air.
contamination.
Incident stabilization means: a. increasing the number of smoke-free paths of egress. b. increasing oxygen concentration. c. reducing interior temperatures. d. controlling and extinguishing the fire in stages.
controlling and extinguishing the fire in stages.
Incident stabilization means: (733) A. reducing interior temperatures. B. increasing oxygen concentration. C. controlling and extinguishing the fire in stages. D. increasing the number of smoke-free paths of egress.
controlling and extinguishing the fire in stages.
When using a cutting torch, a charged hoseline must be in place during the cutting operation to: a. hold open an electromagnetic door. b. cool the metal and control any sparks. c. balance and weigh down the item being cut. d. force open the door or window.
cool the metal and control any sparks.
Wooden handles on tools should be inspected for: a. rust, tarnish, or chipping. b. cracks, blisters, or splinters. c. wetness, swelling, or dryness. d. paint flaws or markings.
cracks, blisters, or splinters.
When the sheath of a braid-on-braid rope slides on its core, a fire fighter should: a. record the damage in the rope log. b. destroy the rope immediately. c. store the rope in a dryer place, moisture is causing the slippage. d. cut off the end to pull off excess material.
cut off the end to pull off excess material.
Drafting hydrants are designed to supply at least: Select one: a. 250 gpm (1 000 L/min). b. 500 gpm (2 000 L/min). c. 750 gpm (3 000 L/min). d. 1,000 gpm (4 000 L/min).
d. 1,000 gpm (4 000 L/min).
According to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protection Action Distances, evacuation must always be at least: a. 50 feet (15 m) in all directions. b. 50 feet (15 m) upwind. c. 100 feet (30 m) upwind. d. 100 feet (30 m) in all directions.
d. 100 feet (30 m) in all directions.
Firefighters and the public should stay at least ___ from underground transmission lines during a fire. Select one: a. 400 feet (120 m) b. 100 feet (30 m) c. 200 feet (60 m) d. 300 feet (91 m)
d. 300 feet (91 m)
When pressure vessels are exposed to flame impingement, a minimum of ___ must be applied at each point of flame impingement. Select one: a. 2000 gpm (8 000 L/min) b. 1500 gpm (6 000 L/min) c. 1000 gpm (4 000 L/min) d. 500 gpm (2 000 L/min)
d. 500 gpm (2 000 L/min)
Which of the following BEST describes a catchall? Select one: a. A kit containing a special collection of tools stored in a designated toolbox on a firefighting apparatus b. A chute to collect and drain runoff water c. A salvage cover ballooned to float over household or commercial items to be covered d. A container constructed of a salvage cover to collect small amounts of water
d. A container constructed of a salvage cover to collect small amounts of water
Which of the following statements is MOST accurate about procedures for criminal investigation? Select one: a. As long as a log is kept, anyone can enter the perimeter scene. b. The staging area should be within the perimeters of the scene. c. Evidence should be marked after the examination, documentation, and collection has occurred. d. A log should be kept of all authorized persons who enter and leave incident perimeter.
d. A log should be kept of all authorized persons who enter and leave incident perimeter.
Which statement about water streams is MOST accurate? Select one: a. A stream broken into small droplets absorbs heat less efficiently. b. Water in a solid stream absorbs heat more rapidly. c. A solid stream has greater surface area to absorb heat. d. A stream broken into small droplets has a greater surface area.
d. A stream broken into small droplets has a greater surface area.
Which of the following compiles information obtained from debriefings, postincident reports, and critiques? Select one: a. Incident action plan b. Operational analysis c. Termination evaluation d. After action analysis
d. After action analysis
Which of the following statements about foam delivery devices is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Smooth bore nozzles are used only with Class B foam. b. Solid agent foam concentrates may be used on Class A fires only. c. Fog nozzles use an apparatus-mounted air compressor to generate foam. d. Air-aspirating foam nozzles are the most effective appliance for generation of low-expansion foam.
d. Air-aspirating foam nozzles are the most effective appliance for generation of low-expansion foam.
Which foams are required to extinguish fires of ethanol or ethanol-based fuels? Select one: a. Class A foams b. Synthetic foams c. Protein-based foams d. Alcohol-resistant foams
d. Alcohol-resistant foams
Which of the following should be included in PPE inspection records? Select one: a. Person supervising inspection b. Date of expiration c. Number of uses d. Any unusual conditions noted
d. Any unusual conditions noted
Which of the following BEST describes approach and staging techniques used at flammable gas incidents? Select one: a. Approach from and stage on the downwind side b. Approach from upwind and stage on the downwind side c. Approach from downwind and stage on upwind side d. Approach from and stage on the upwind side
d. Approach from and stage on the upwind side
Which of the following is an area to wait for evacuation and/or decontamination? Select one: a. Decontamination zone b. Isolation perimeter c. Triage/treatment area d. Area of safe refuge
d. Area of safe refuge
Which type of standpipe system contains air under pressure in the pipes, but admits water to the piping when a hose valve is opened? a. Manual dry b. Manual wet c. Automatic wet d. Automatic dry
d. Automatic dry
Which of the following is the most common method used for two- firefighter deployment of large salvage covers? Select one: a. Primary b. Secondary c. Floating throw d. Balloon throw
d. Balloon throw
Which of the following techniques for loss control allows water to run off without collecting in the depressions? Select one: a. By lifting and removing the floor covering b. By using one salvage cover for the entire room c. By putting pictures, curtains, and lamps on the bed d. By creating one high point in the furniture group
d. By creating one high point in the furniture group
Which of the following is a physical hazard that can be expected at a fire in an underground space? Select one: a. Oxygen deficiencies b. Explosive dusts c. Toxic gases d. Cave-ins or unstable support members
d. Cave-ins or unstable support members
Which characteristic must a material have to be the material first ignited? a. Far enough from windows and doors to not be disturbed by airflow b. Exist in a liquid state c. Exist in a gaseous state d. Close enough to the ignition source to receive energy from the ignition source
d. Close enough to the ignition source to receive energy from the ignition source
Which means of moving water is used by most communities? Select one: a. Pumpless system b. Direct pumping system c. Gravity system d. Combination system
d. Combination system
If there are any discrepancies between a thermal imager (TI) and the signs of a fire in a concealed place, which of the following should be done? Select one: a. Thermal imager batteries should be checked and replaced b. Concealed space should be flooded with water followed by inspection c. Thermal imager should be serviced by licensed technician d. Concealed space should be opened up and inspected visually
d. Concealed space should be opened up and inspected visually
Which of the following is a rescue action appropriate for those without specialized training? Select one: a. Perform decontamination operations b. Perform offensive activities c. Carry out IAPs d. Conduct searches on the edge of the hot zone
d. Conduct searches on the edge of the hot zone
Which of the following is a guideline for vehicle fire attacks? Select one: a. Attack the fire from a 90-degree angle b. Position hoseline behind exposures c. Rescue vehicle occupants first d. Deploy hoseline that will provide a minimum of 95 gpm (360 L/min)
d. Deploy hoseline that will provide a minimum of 95 gpm (360 L/min)
Which of the following BEST describes how operating pressure can be maintained for water-based suppression systems? Select one: a. Turning system water off and on periodically during suppression efforts b. Using the lowest possible pressure for all attack lines c. Requesting utilities shut off water to nearby structures d. Deploying supply hoses from hydrant to fire department connection (FDC)
d. Deploying supply hoses from hydrant to fire department connection (FDC)
Which of the following is a rescue action appropriate for those without specialized training? Select one: a. Perform mass decontamination for large number of people b. Act as Incident Commander c. Decontaminate personnel and equipment d. Direct people to area of safe refuge
d. Direct people to area of safe refuge
Which of the following BEST describes a use of a fire stream? Select one: a. Creating a protective curtain between bystanders and fire personnel b. Scattering heavy weight fuel loads c. Pressure-washing soot and debris from apparatus and equipment d. Dispersing hot smoke and fire gases from a heated area
d. Dispersing hot smoke and fire gases from a heated area
Which type of window has two sashes that can move past each other in a vertical plane and is commonly used in residential occupancies? a. Single-hung window b. Casement window c. Jalousie window d. Double-hung window
d. Double-hung window
Which of the following is generally located near the actual fire or incident? Select one: a. Relay apparatus b. Fill site c. Pumping apparatus d. Dump site
d. Dump site
Which type of rope is used as a belay line when there is a possibility that a victim or firefighter may fall a long distance while supported by the rope? a. Braided rope b. Static kernmantle rope c. Twisted rope d. Dynamic kernmantle rope
d. Dynamic kernmantle rope
Which of the following proportioning methods depends on the Venturi Principle to draw foam through a hose connected to the foam concentrate container and into the water stream? Select one: a. Premixing b. Injection c. Batch-mixing d. Eduction
d. Eduction
Which of the following may have a key pad, card reader, or fingerprint activated screen? Select one: a. Tubular dead bolt locks b. Multiple bolt locks c. Mortise locks d. Electronic keyless or digital locks
d. Electronic keyless or digital locks
When operating a wet-barrel hydrant, which step should be performed FIRST? Select one: a. Attach a hose to the discharge outlet. b. Tighten discharge caps that will not be used. c. Check that discharge caps are free of debris. d. Ensure that the valve is shut.
d. Ensure that the valve is shut.
Which of the following can trace how a fire spread? Select one: a. Charring b. Flashover c. Debris d. Fire pattern
d. Fire pattern
Which of the following is used to help prevent unintentional damage done by firefighters' boots and equipment during fire suppression operations? Select one: a. Sprinkler wedges b. Dewatering devices c. Carryalls d. Floor runners
d. Floor runners
Which of the following statements about compressed air foam systems (CAFS) is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Hoselines filled with CAFS are heavier than those filled with water only. b. An air-aspirating nozzle adds air to the foam solution. c. There is little to no nozzle reaction when using CAFS. d. Foam produced by CAFS adheres well to vertical surfaces.
d. Foam produced by CAFS adheres well to vertical surfaces.
Which of the following statements about fire fighting foams is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Foam works by increasing the surface tension of water, making fire streams more cohesive to reach a greater distance. b. Class A foam is especially effective on hydrocarbon fuels and polar solvents. c. The majority of fire fighting foams are Class A and Class K. d. Foam works by forming a blanket of foam on the surface of burning liquid and solid fuels.
d. Foam works by forming a blanket of foam on the surface of burning liquid and solid fuels.
Which of the following statements about fog nozzles is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Fog nozzles do not allow selection of different stream patterns. b. Fog nozzles cannot be used to apply foam. c. Fog nozzles must be turned off before flow can be adjusted. d. Fog nozzles can provide protection to firefighters with a wide fog pattern.
d. Fog nozzles can provide protection to firefighters with a wide fog pattern.
Which of the following is an indicator of fire cause? Select one: a. Water supply b. Extinguisher c. Smoke d. Fuel source
d. Fuel source
Which safety measure should be in place during overhaul? a. Hearing protection to prevent hearing loss b. Law enforcement personnel providing security protection c. A hazardous materials response team standing by d. Gloves to protect from cuts and thermal burns
d. Gloves to protect from cuts and thermal burns
Which statement about fire stream limiting factors is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Fire streams have an effective forward velocity of 40 to 60 feet per second (12.2 to 18.3 meters per second). b. Friction with air has greater effect on solid streams than on fog- streams. c. Surface tension can cause fire streams to overshoot the target. d. Gravity causes fire streams to separate and lose shape
d. Gravity causes fire streams to separate and lose shape
Which heat disorder is a combination of environmental and physical work factors that compose the heat load imposed on the body? Select one: a. Heat exhaustion b. Heat stroke c. Heat cramps d. Heat stress
d. Heat stress
Why should the bumper of a burning car be avoided? a. Items inside the bumper are prone to spontaneous ignition. b. It is the location of the vehicle that is most likely to reignite after extinguishment. c. It is the location with the highest concentration of toxic gases. d. Heated bumper struts may explode and injure those nearby.
d. Heated bumper struts may explode and injure those nearby.
Which of the following statements about smooth bore nozzles is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Smooth bore nozzles operate at high nozzle pressures. b. Smooth bore nozzles may be adjusted, resulting in different patterns. c. Smooth bore nozzles are very prone to clogging with debris. d. Hoselines may kink as smooth bore nozzles use less pressure.
d. Hoselines may kink as smooth bore nozzles use less pressure.
A Class _____ standpipe system is primarily designed to be used by fire suppression personnel who are trained in handling large hoselines. a. III b. IV c. II d. I
d. I
Type _____ construction can be expected to remain structurally stable longer than other types during a fire. a. IV b. III c. II d. I
d. I
What information should be noted about unusual odors during a fire investigation? Select one: a. If the odor is more than 20 feet (6.1 m) outside of the structure b. If the odor has an aroma of something similar to smoke c. If the odor was not present during the fire d. If the odor can be detected after coming out of the smoke
d. If the odor can be detected after coming out of the smoke
Which of the following statements about finished foam in the environment is MOST accurate? Select one: a. In the United States, Class A foams should be approved by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for environmental safety. b. Manufacturers' safety data sheets (SDS) do not contain environmental impact information. c. Generally, protein-based foams are a greater environmental hazard than other types of foam. d. In a body of water, decomposing foam can reduce oxygen available to fish and other aquatic creatures.
d. In a body of water, decomposing foam can reduce oxygen available to fish and other aquatic creatures.
Who is responsible for the authorization of when overhaul procedures should begin once the fire incident is under control? Select one: a. Fire Protection Engineers and inspection staff members b. Overhaul Operations Team c. Salvage Operations Team d. Incident Commander and individual responsible for fire investigation
d. Incident Commander and individual responsible for fire investigation
What is the purpose of the ladder positioning label? Select one: a. Indicate the balance point b. Indicate the apparatus mounting bracket position c. Indicate firefighter position for raising d. Indicate the proper climbing angle
d. Indicate the proper climbing angle
Which of the following statements regarding chemical-protective clothing is MOST accurate? Select one: a. It is designed to provide high resistance to mechanical hazards. b. It allows work in total flame environments for short periods of time. c. It provides excellent resistance to heat and flame. d. It only protects if fitted properly and worn correctly.
d. It only protects if fitted properly and worn correctly.
Which EPA level of protection is used only for nuisance contamination with no atmospheric hazards? Select one: a. Level C b. Level A c. Level B d. Level D
d. Level D
Which incident level is within the capabilities of fire or emergency services or other first responders? Select one: a. Level III b. Level II c. Level IV d. Level I
d. Level I
Which type of protective clothing is designed to protect users from chemical liquid splashes, but not against chemical vapors or gases? Select one: a. Vapor-protective clothing b. Chemical-protective clothing c. High-temperature protective clothing d. Liquid-splash protective clothing
d. Liquid-splash protective clothing
In fires in the upper levels of structures, which of the following determines the method of fire attack? Select one: a. Available hoselines b. Location of the stairway c. Available personnel d. Location of the standpipe
d. Location of the standpipe
Which of the following should be done to prevent injury when using a saw? Select one: a. Use a combination of tools with saws b. Wear two pairs of gloves when operating c. Keep blades dull to prevent chipping d. Maintain situational awareness
d. Maintain situational awareness
Which of the following guidelines should be used when switching strategies? Select one: a. Abandon hoselines when strategy change is made b. Turn off radios in order to maintain radio silence c. Split away from team in order to cover more ground d. Maintain situational awareness to recognize changes in fire behavior
d. Maintain situational awareness to recognize changes in fire behavior
Which of the following statements about maintaining nozzles is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Nozzles should be inspected after each use, and at least weekly. b. Nozzles should be thoroughly cleaned once per year with soap, water, and a soft bristle brush. c. Nozzles should be stored with the control bale in the open position. d. Maintenance, care and cleaning should be performed according to manufacturer's recommendations.
d. Maintenance, care and cleaning should be performed according to manufacturer's recommendations.
How should the fly section be positioned in relation to the structure on an extension ladder. a. Wooden ladders with rungs mounted in the top truss rail are intended to be used with the fly out, away from the structure. b. The Incident Commander on the scene will determine the fly position. c. Most metal and fiberglass ladders are designed to be used with the fly in, toward the structure. d. Most metal and fiberglass ladders are designed to be used with the fly out, away from the structure.
d. Most metal and fiberglass ladders are designed to be used with the fly out, away from the structure.
Inspection, testing, and maintenance schedules should be based on: Select one: a. EPA requirements. b. state recommendations. c. local standard operating procedures (SOPs). d. NFPA® standards.
d. NFPA® standards.
Which agency outlines first responder standards in the Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HAZWOPER)? Select one: a. National Fire Protection Association® (NFPA®) b. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) c. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) d. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
d. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
At what point should a firefighter close a sprinkler system's main control valve? a. Immediately prior to fire attack b. Once the pumper has been connected to the FDC c. Upon arrival at the structure d. Once the fire is under control and the IC gives the order
d. Once the fire is under control and the IC gives the order
Which type of factory-built homes are assembled on-site from components constructed of foam insulation sandwiched between sheets of plywood? a. Modular homes b. Mobile homes c. Pre-cut homes d. Panelized homes
d. Panelized homes
Which type of nozzle can be used to effectively control fires in concealed spaces? Select one: a. Stacked tip b. Adjustable fog c. Smooth bore d. Piercing
d. Piercing
Which of the following determines the ability of a water system to deliver a sufficient quantity of water at an adequate pressure? Select one: a. Storage tanks b. Isolation valves c. Fire hydrant locations d. Piping
d. Piping
Hoseline selection should be based on which of the following factors? Select one: a. Location of exposures b. Number of available apparatus c. Water pressure available d. Potential fire spread
d. Potential fire spread
What is the purpose of a lockout/tagout device? a. Identify the area where the main power supply is located b. Prevent automatic sprinklers from accidentally being activated c. Identify the firefighter in charge of shutting down utilities d. Prevent power from being turned back on before it is safe
d. Prevent power from being turned back on before it is safe
Which of the following pre-entry considerations is critical to firefighter safety and effectiveness? Select one: a. Identifying exposures b. Ensuring adequate water flow c. Evaluating available forcible entry tools d. Reading fire behavior indicators
d. Reading fire behavior indicators
Which of the following is an Awareness-Level role at an incident involving hazardous materials? Select one: a. Analyze an incident to determine the nature and extent of the problem b. Implement the planned response to mitigate or control a release from a safe distance and keep it from spreading c. Develop a defensive plan of action to address the problems presented by the incident d. Recognize the type of container at a site and identify the material in it if possible
d. Recognize the type of container at a site and identify the material in it if possible
What should be done if inspection on laid rope reveals that one rope has rot? a. Cut off the rotten area of the rope before returning the remainder to service. b. Remove the rotten rope and all surrounding ropes from service and destroy them. c. Clean the rotten rope and return the entire rope to service. d. Remove all surrounding ropes from service, then clean and reinspect them.
d. Remove all surrounding ropes from service, then clean and reinspect them.
Which of the following is MOST accurate about the care and maintenance of forcible entry tools? Select one: a. Test tool design and function before use b. Continue using damaged tools, avoiding damaged areas c. Keep tools freshly painted d. Report damage to tools according to department procedures
d. Report damage to tools according to department procedures
Which of the following is a natural freshwater source that may be used for water supply? Select one: a. Water treatment facility b. Swimming pool c. Ocean d. River
d. River
Which statement describes inspection of salvage covers? a. Salvage covers must be sent back to the manufacturer periodically for inspection. b. Salvage covers do not require inspection since they are disposable. c. Salvage covers must be cleaned using a special solution and then dried completely before they can be inspected. d. Salvage covers should be inspected for damage after they are dry.
d. Salvage covers should be inspected for damage after they are dry.
Which type of piping are intermediate pipes that interconnect with primary feeder lines to create a grid? Select one: a. Distributors b. Control valves c. Primary feeders d. Secondary feeders
d. Secondary feeders
Which of the following statements about slide valves is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Slide valves control both the flow of water and the discharge pattern of the fire stream. b. Slide valves use a ball with a smooth waterway that rotates 90 c. Slide valves use an exterior barrel guided by a screw and sliding along an interior barrel. d. Slide valves permit water to flow without creating turbulence.
d. Slide valves permit water to flow without creating turbulence.
If you are positioned to make fire attack, which condition would be important to communicate to your supervisor or the Incident Commander? a. Presence of bystanders at the perimeter b. Amount of radiant heat felt by firefighters c. All team members' PASS devices are functioning d. Smoke that changes from gray to black
d. Smoke that changes from gray to black
Why is it important to determine the cause of a fire? a. So the owners of the property can be fined, if necessary b. So the homeowners or occupants can have peace of mind c. So firefighters can document which occupancies will require close supervision in the future d. So that the unsafe behavior that caused the fire can be corrected through educational programs for the public
d. So that the unsafe behavior that caused the fire can be corrected through educational programs for the public
Which of the following fire stream patterns produces less steam conversion and less heat absorption per gallon (liter)? Select one: a. Fog-stream b. Straight stream c. Broken-stream d. Solid stream
d. Solid stream
Which of the following statements about foam hazards is MOST accurate? Select one: a. Most Class A and Class B foams act to lubricate and preserve pumps, eductors, and other equipment. b. There is no need to flush or wash equipment that has been used to apply foam. c. Never flush foam concentrates from exposed skin. d. Some foam concentrates and their vapors may be harmful if inhaled.
d. Some foam concentrates and their vapors may be harmful if inhaled.
_____ is the first priority at any accident involving machinery or vehicles. a. Disconnecting batteries b. Removing hazardous materials c. Removing utilities d. Stabilization
d. Stabilization
During salvage procedures, where should the contents of the structure be placed once they are removed? Select one: a. Stored in an adjacent secured building b. Placed on grass lawn to prevent reignition c. Stored on a firefighting apparatus for transport to storage d. Stacked on dry surface not near where firefighters may be collecting debris for disposal
d. Stacked on dry surface not near where firefighters may be collecting debris for disposal
What fire streams are most effective at fires involving small unattached structures? Select one: a. Master streams b. Narrow streams c. Fog streams d. Straight streams
d. Straight streams
Which kind of ground cover fire burns on the soil surface, consuming low-lying grass, shrubs, and other vegetation? Select one: a. Ground fire b. Ladder fire c. Crown fire d. Surface fire
d. Surface fire
Which kind of fuels include grass, field crops, and downed limbs? Select one: a. Subsurface fuels b. Ladder fuels c. Aerial fuels d. Surface fuels
d. Surface fuels
Which Class B foams are made from a mixture of fluorosurfactants? Select one: a. Protein-based foams b. Specialized foams c. Alcohol-resistant foams d. Synthetic foams
d. Synthetic foams
What should be done with large smoldering items during overhaul procedures after a fire incident? Select one: a. Moved to the center of the room involved b. Placed directly under an overhead sprinkler c. Drenched with hose streams d. Taken outside of the structure for thorough extinguishment
d. Taken outside of the structure for thorough extinguishment
Which would be appropriate to do during a presentation to a class of preschool children? a. Practice changing the batteries in a smoke detector b. Train them in how to perform CPR on another child c. Provide examples of things not to do during a fire d. Teach students that the firefighter is a friendly helper
d. Teach students that the firefighter is a friendly helper
Thermal imagers (TIs) used for overhaul operations after a fire incident are used to identify which of the following? Select one: a. Where the fire originated b. Any extinguishment evidence c. The type of building construction d. The heat signature of items
d. The heat signature of items
Which of the following statements about friction loss is MOST accurate? Select one: a. The larger the hose, the higher the friction loss. b. Friction has little effect on the rate of water flow. c. Friction increases pressure at the nozzle. d. The longer the hose lay, the higher the friction loss.
d. The longer the hose lay, the higher the friction loss.
Which of the following statements about fire stream types is MOST accurate? Select one: a. The pattern must supply at least 50 percent of the critical flow rate. b. The pattern must maintain its shape at least 50 percent of the reach of the fire stream. c. The pattern type must be correctly matched to the pattern size. d. The pattern must be compact enough for the water to reach the burning material.
d. The pattern must be compact enough for the water to reach the burning material.
What would be the proper placement for a ground ladder that will be used to perform ventilation on a second story window? a. The tip of the ladder is raised to the mid-point of the window on the upwind side of the window. b. The ladder is raised a minimum of three rungs above the roof's edge. c. The tip of the ladder is raised to just below the window sill. d. The tip of the ladder is raised to the mid-point of the window on the downwind side.
d. The tip of the ladder is raised to the mid-point of the window on the downwind side.
Which of the following statements regarding ground cover fires is MOST accurate? Select one: a. They are very slow moving. b. They are always caused by natural events. c. They are usually very small in size. d. Their characteristics are very different from fires in burning buildings.
d. Their characteristics are very different from fires in burning buildings.
Which condition should be noted because it may be a potential sign of arson? a. It is cold outside, and the furnace is operating. b. The fire occurs in the middle of the night. c. There are many bystanders at the scene. d. There is a car blocking access to the fire hydrant.
d. There is a car blocking access to the fire hydrant.
How may gravity, friction of air, and wind act on a solid fire stream? Select one: a. They may cause the steam to remain compact for too long. b. They may alter the rate of vaporization. c. They may make the stream more conductive to electricity. d. They may decrease the reach of the stream.
d. They may decrease the reach of the stream.
What is the purpose of decontamination? Select one: a. To completely rid victims from all levels of contamination b. To remove and destroy victims' clothing as quickly as possible c. To evacuate victims as quickly as possible from the area of contamination d. To reduce contamination to a level that is no longer harmful
d. To reduce contamination to a level that is no longer harmful
Which of the following should a firefighter know when dealing with ground cover fires? Select one: a. Time of day b. Manmade barriers c. Number of people involved d. Topography
d. Topography
Which of the following ensures control of a large-scale incident involving multiple agencies with overlapping authority and responsibility? Select one: a. National Response Framework (NRF) b. National Incident Management System-Incident Command System (NIMS-ICS) c. Multiagency incident action plan d. Unified Command
d. Unified Command
Which of the following statements about foam concentrates is MOST accurate? Select one: a. A thick, viscous foam can form a heat-resistant blanket over burning liquid surfaces. b. The US Department of Agriculture Forest Service requires specialized foams for hazardous materials. c. The roll-on method is ineffective for hazardous liquids. d. Unignited chemicals tend to change the pH of water or remove the water from fire fighting foam, making the foam ineffective.
d. Unignited chemicals tend to change the pH of water or remove the water from fire fighting foam, making the foam ineffective.
Which type of sprinkler control valve extends horizontally through the wall with the target and valve operating nut on the outside of the building? a. Outside screw and yoke valve (OS&Y) b. Post indicator valve assembly (PIVA) c. Post indicator valve (PIV) d. Wall post indicator valve (WPIV)
d. Wall post indicator valve (WPIV)
Which of the following involves hauling water from a supply source to the incident scene? Select one: a. Supply operation b. Relay pumping c. Pumping operation d. Water shuttle
d. Water shuttle
Which of the following materials are salvage covers for loss control typically made of? Select one: a. Plywood b. Heavy-weight treated leather c. Heat resistant foam d. Waterproof canvas or vinyl
d. Waterproof canvas or vinyl
What should be done if smoke is visible at an electrical vehicle incident? Select one: a. Chock wheels b. Secure vehicle c. Turn off ignition d. Wear full PPE and SCBA
d. Wear full PPE and SCBA
How can heat exposure be prevented? Select one: a. Drink warm water to regulate the body's internal temperature b. Consume generous amounts of caffeinated drinks before work c. Receive cool fluids intravenously, if necessary d. Wear long cotton undergarments
d. Wear long cotton undergarments
Which of the following BEST describes when to withdraw when using the fast-attack command approach? Select one: a. When the incident is finalized and the Incident Command Post is no longer needed. b. When formal command ends. c. When combat command is required. d. When the incident is not stabilized, but but the establishment of an ICP outside of the hazardous area is required.
d. When the incident is not stabilized, but but the establishment of an ICP outside of the hazardous area is required.
Which of the following is a factor that may affect a fire stream? Select one: a. Compartment temperature b. Location of control zones c. Steam conversion rate d. Wind direction and velocity
d. Wind direction and velocity
Which of the following may have an effect on the natural path of fire spread? Select one: a. Containers or cans b. Time of arrival and extent of fire c. Burglary tools d. Wind direction and velocity
d. Wind direction and velocity
Which type of ladder is likely to be affected by water damage? a. Fiberglass ladder b. Steel ladder c. Aluminum ladder d. Wooden ladder
d. Wooden ladder
Which portions of the ERG display the four-digit UN/NA identification number of a material followed by the assigned emergency response guide and material's name? Select one: a. Blue pages b. Green pages c. Orange pages d. Yellow pages
d. Yellow pages
If enough personnel are available to have four firefighters raise a ladder,: a. the ladder should be raised at the corner of the building. b. a beam raise is normally used. c. the ladder should be raised at a 60-degree angle. d. a flat rise is normally used.
d. a flat rise is normally used.
Trash container fires are likely to be fought using Class A foam or: a. Halon. b. Class B foam. c. Purple K. d. a master stream.
d. a master stream.
The primary way water extinguishes fire is by: Select one: a. neutralizing the chemical reaction. b. excluding oxygen. c. saturating dry fuel. d. absorbing heat.
d. absorbing heat.
Medical monitoring of responders should occur: Select one: a. every 30 minutes during the incident. b. every 60 minutes during the incident. c. before entering the cold zone. d. after leaving the hot zone.
d. after leaving the hot zone.
Poor-quality foam may result from: Select one: a. a short hose lay on the discharge side. b. the nozzle being located too far below the eductor. c. high pressure in the supply line. d. air leaks at fittings causing a loss of suction.
d. air leaks at fittings causing a loss of suction.
The perimeter of a structure fire may be expanded to encompass the area surrounding the building and: Select one: a. where odors are most prominent. b. most of the inside of the structure. c. the farthest piece of debris found. d. any potential evidence that is located outside.
d. any potential evidence that is located outside.
Limited means of egress and limited ventilation are two reasons that fires are more dangerous in _____ than in other compartments. a. stairways b. attics c. kitchens d. basements
d. basements
Because the foam solution goes through the pump, the ___ proportioning method may cause the pump to require additional maintenance. Select one: a. injection b. eduction c. premixing d. batch-mixing
d. batch-mixing
To keep the exit route from being blocked with falling debris, the best place to position yourself when pulling down any ceiling during fire overhaul is: Select one: a. where water is being drained from the room. b. directly under the area to be opened. c. where water has pooled on the floor. d. between the area being pulled down and the doorway.
d. between the area being pulled down and the doorway.
Rolled salvage covers: a. require more than one person to spread. b. can become damaged more easily than folded covers. c. are much more difficult to spread than folded covers. d. can easily be spread by one person.
d. can easily be spread by one person.
To prevent water hammer: Select one: a. use ball valve controls. b. flush debris from nozzles. c. bleed air from hoselines. d. close control valves slowly.
d. close control valves slowly.
Ladders are most stable and offer the easiest climbing position when placed at a: a. 55-degree angle from the building. b. distance to the building equal to two-thirds the ladder's working length. c. 35-degree angle from the building. d. distance from the building equal to one-fourth the ladder's working length.
d. distance from the building equal to one-fourth the ladder's working length.
Special loss-control-related concerns are identified and addressed: Select one: a. during postincident planning. b. after overhaul operations begin. c. after salvage operations begin. d. during preincident planning.
d. during preincident planning.
Class C fires are those involving: Select one: a. stacked and piled materials. b. combustible metals. c. transportation vehicles. d. energized electrical equipment.
d. energized electrical equipment.
When gusset plates are exposed to fire, they: a. reinforce the truss components. b. are largely unaffected by the increased temperatures. c. expand and strengthen the connection between components. d. fall out after the wood burns away and no longer provide structural support.
d. fall out after the wood burns away and no longer provide structural support.
Fire hydrant markings can be used to designate: Select one: a. distance from nearest fire department. b. distance from the next hydrant. c. typical water pressure. d. flow capacity.
d. flow capacity.
If a firefighter is inside the gradient field of a grounded power line or feels a tingling in the legs, they should ___ away from the area. Select one: a. run b. walk c. crawl d. hop
d. hop
The events that lead up to a fuel package being ignited and starting a fire are known as the: a. decay stage. b. combustion chain reaction. c. growth stage. d. ignition sequence.
d. ignition sequence.
Fuel tanks on a natural gas vehicle are often located: Select one: a. under the vehicle. b. under the hood. c. behind the rear tires. d. in the trunk area.
d. in the trunk area.
Clean agents extinguish fire by: a. cooling the burning material. b. removing oxygen from the compartment. c. removing the burning fuel. d. interrupting the combustion reaction.
d. interrupting the combustion reaction.
Clean agents extinguish fire by: a. cooling the burning material. b. removing oxygen from the compartment. c. removing the burning fuel. d. interrupting the combustion reaction.
d. interrupting the combustion reaction.
When establishing a perimeter, firefighters must remember that: a. the perimeter should start small and then be enlarged as needed. b. the perimeter cannot be established until uniformed law enforcement personnel are on scene. c. it is more important to focus on fire suppression than it is to put up scene boundaries. d. it is easier to start with a larger perimeter and downsize it later than to start small and enlarge it later.
d. it is easier to start with a larger perimeter and downsize it later than to start small and enlarge it later.
A fire stream is a stream of water or extinguishing agent after it: Select one: a. comes in contact with the desired target. b. is pressurized by the pump and passes into the fire hose. c. is fully vaporized by the heat of the fire. d. leaves the fire hose nozzle until it reaches the desired target.
d. leaves the fire hose nozzle until it reaches the desired target.
In order to maintain the integrity of a protected stairwell during a fire, firefighters should: Select one: a. rely on installed pressurization systems. b. use a different stairwell instead. c. use an elevator instead. d. maintain door control.
d. maintain door control.
Private home fire safety surveys must be well documented because they: a. will help the department secure more funding. b. will be distributed to other residents in the neighborhood to help them identify possible hazards in their own homes. c. can reduce the amount of paperwork the code enforcement division will need if they can be used by both departments. d. may be needed as evidence if there is a fire in the home.
d. may be needed as evidence if there is a fire in the home.
In its pure form, natural gas is: Select one: a. ethanol. b. propane. c. butane. d. methane
d. methane
The degree of foam expansion depends on the type of foam concentrate, accurate proportioning, quality of the foam concentrate and: Select one: a. outside air temperature. b. length of discharge hose. c. wind direction and velocity. d. method of aeration.
d. method of aeration.
When performing forcible entry to open a door begin with: Select one: a. sizing up windows in the structure. b. maximum damage and proceed to minimum damage. c. breaking window near a door to reach lock inside. d. minimum damage and proceed to maximum damage.
d. minimum damage and proceed to maximum damage.
In order to ensure firefighter safety in case of rapid egress, window security bars and grilles: Select one: a. can be used to aid in emergency escape. b. should be removed after completing a primary search. c. are prohibited by building codes in most jurisdictions. d. must be removed or disabled when interior operations begin.
d. must be removed or disabled when interior operations begin.
Lightning striking a tree and setting it on fire would be an example of a(an) _____ fire. a. incendiary b. accidental c. undetermined d. natural
d. natural
When a shed or other unattached structure is on fire, the primary objective is to: a. remove the fuel source. b. fight the fire from the interior. c. save the contents of the building. d. protect exposures.
d. protect exposures.
When firefighters apply water to the hot gas layer in a compartment, it will: : a. increase the potential for flashover. b. increase the radiant heat flux from the upper layer. c. push fire into adjacent rooms. d. reduce the radiant heat flux from the upper layer.
d. reduce the radiant heat flux from the upper layer.
Vulnerability to weather and vandalism following fire suppression activities are forms of: Select one: a. specification damage. b. involuntary damage. c. primary damage. d. secondary damage.
d. secondary damage.
At a fire scene, firefighters should NOT: a. keep a written record of on-scene observations. b. ask permission from owners before removing evidence from the building. c. enter the scene during a fire investigation without a warrant,. d. share their opinion of the probable fire cause with media or bystanders.
d. share their opinion of the probable fire cause with media or bystanders.
Automatic sprinkler tongs, stoppers, and wedges are tools used to: Select one: a. stop the flow of water going down the structure's drain. b. remove water from lower floors of the fire incident structure. c. route water out of the fire incident structure. d. stop the flow of water from an open sprinkler.
d. stop the flow of water from an open sprinkler.
Termination cannot occur until all: Select one: a. personnel have left the scene. b. tactical objectives have been met. c. equipment has been returned to preincident condition. d. strategic goals have been met.
d. strategic goals have been met.
Life safety rope must be removed from service if it has been: a. used more than ten times. b. subjected to temperatures below freezing. c. used for a water rescue. d. subjected to an impact load.
d. subjected to an impact load.
When three firefighters work together to raise a ladder, one is at the tip, one is at the butt, and the third is positioned: a. at the tip. b. to the side to give commands. c. as a heeler at the butt of the ladder. d. supporting the beam.
d. supporting the beam.
When a large smoldering item, such as a mattress, is encountered during overhaul, it is often most effective to extinguish it by: a. using Class B foam. b. applying water to it using a straight stream. c. leaving it in place and covering it to smother the oxygen. d. taking it outside the structure to extinguish.
d. taking it outside the structure to extinguish.
When responding to a fire in a Type I construction building, firefighters should be aware that: a. the building will be vulnerable to rapid structural collapse. b. industrial glues used in the construction process are highly flammable. c. steel structural members are likely to fail quickly under fire conditions. d. the roof may be extremely difficult to penetrate.
d. the roof may be extremely difficult to penetrate.
A catchall may be temporary to control large amounts of water until chutes are constructed: Select one: a. on the lowest floor of the fire incident structure. b. on all floors. c. to route water to a water vacuum. d. to route water outside.
d. to route water outside.
The deployment of a master stream device requires a minimum of: Select one: a. four firefighters. b. three firefighters. c. one firefighter. d. two firefighters.
d. two firefighters.
Increased intensity of sound or fire from a relief valve indicates that the: Select one: a. vessel is releasing vapor to prevent overloading. b. valve is reacting to the change of a gas to liquid. c. valve is safely relieving excess pressure. d. vessel is overheating and a rupture is imminent.
d. vessel is overheating and a rupture is imminent.
When establishing a perimeter around a fire scene, the perimeter must be: a. continuously staffed by a law enforcement officer. b. as small as possible, with room to expand if necessary. c. marked using permanent barriers. d. visible and recognizable.
d. visible and recognizable.
Water vacuums are used: Select one: a. where the water is too deep to be picked up by a submersible pump. b. to dry sheetrock and plaster walls. c. to drain water chutes when they become clogged. d. where the water is not deep enough to be picked up by a submersible pump.
d. where the water is not deep enough to be picked up by a submersible pump.
A thermal imager screen may white out when it: a. is exposed to glass. b. detects low levels of heat. c. detects high levels of heat. d. is exposed to water.
detects high levels of heat.
An inspection hole should be cut before cutting any type of ventilation hole in the roof in an attic or cockloft fire to: a. determine at least two means of egress from the roof. b. ensure minimal secondary damage. c. determine the fire location and direction of travel. d. ensure roof is safe.
determine the fire location and direction of travel.
In which type of fire attack is water applied directly onto burning fuels until the fire is extinguished? Select one: a. Gas cooling b. Direct attack c. Indirect attack d. Combination attack
direct attack
When using the wide-area-search method, knots tied behind each ring indicate: a. distance from end of the line. b. distance from beginning of the line. c. distance left before a ring is needed. d. distance left before a new knot is needed.
distance from beginning of the line.
Forcing the wrong window in a structure can: a. further injure victims inside. b. draw fire to uninvolved sections. c. decrease fire growth. d. help with ventilation.
draw fire to uninvolved sections.
Removing the slack in rope after tying a knot is called: a. standing. b. running. c. dressing. d. working.
dressing.
Removing the slack in rope after tying a knot is called: (384) A. dressing. B. working. C. running. D. standing.
dressing.
When drying a rope, firefighters should avoid: a. drying rope in the direct sunlight. b. suspending rope in a hose tower. c. loosely coiling rope in a hose dryer. d. spreading out rope on hose drying rack.
drying rope in the direct sunlight.
When drying a rope, firefighters should avoid: (381) A. suspending rope in a hose tower. B. drying rope in the direct sunlight. C. loosely coiling rope in a hose dryer. D. spreading out rope on hose drying rack.
drying rope in the direct sunlight.
the Occupational Health and safety Administration requires ladders be kept a distance of at least 10 feet. a. sidewalks. b. flammable materials. c. charged hose lines. d. electrical lines.
electrical lines
When using wire rope or cable from a winch, rescuers must: a. avoid tying the rope or winch cable to a stationary object. b. ensure that personnel are clear from the operating area. c. use a redundant utility rope system in case of failure. d. use a tag line to help stabilize the rope or cable.
ensure that personnel are clear from the operating area.
Both before and during interior operations, firefighters should anticipate how fire dynamics may be affected by: a. past incidents at the same scene. b. occupant escape. c. environmental conditions. d. initial control efforts made by occupants.
environmental conditions.
The International Building Code (IBC©) and National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®) define construction type based on the performance of the construction when: a. exposed to an earthquake. b. a sprinkler system is activated. c. exposed to fire. d. a fire alarm system is activated.
exposed to fire.
Pumper apparatus are required by NFPA 1901 to carry one folding ladder, one roof and one... a. one extension ladder. b. two extension ladders. c. one combination ladder. d. one single ladder.
extension ladder
Offensive vertical ventilation is intended to aid in reaching and: a. extinguishing the fire. b. stopping the spread of fire. c. containing the fire to one area of the structure. d. determining the effect on exposures to the fire.
extinguishing the fire.
In the rapid intervention crew or team (RIC/RIT) acronym AWARE, the E stands for: a. extrication. b. escape. c. entry. d. entangle.
extrication.
Gates should be pried or cut when forcing entry to cause less damage. Select one: True False
false
Interior pocket doors can be forced with the same technique used for sliding doors. Select one: True False
false
Interior walls are more difficult to breach than exterior walls. Select one: True False
false
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations relate to
federal and private-sector employees who fight fires
Manufactured homes built before 1976 have less ___ than those of current construction: a. content load b. fire resistance c. lightweight construction d. building restrictions
fire resistance
Liquids with a specific gravity of less than 1 will:
float on the surface
Fire hydrant markings can be used to designate: (795) A. flow capacity. B. typical water pressure. C. distance from the next hydrant. D. distance from nearest fire department.
flow capacity.
Hydraulic ventilation involves using a spray nozzle set on a ___ pattern to draw the smoke out an opening such as a window or door. a. fog b. horizontal c. vertical d. fan
fog
Special preincident plans for loss control are developed: (1106) A. solely by property owners. B. by the Incident Commander on scene. C. for all items covered under insurance at the property. D. for high value items especially susceptible to water and smoke damage.
for high value items especially susceptible to water and smoke damage.
Sufficient heat during flaming combustion causes fuel and oxygen to form: a. free radicals and interferes with a reaction. b. stable product and initiates a reaction. c. stable product and interferes with a reaction. d. free radicals and initiates a reaction.
free radicals and initiates a reaction.
The means of mechanical ventilation involve pulling the smoke and fire gases out through an opening and pushing ___ into the structure and displacing the smoke and fire gases. a. a roof hook b. oxygen c. fresh air d. a rotary saw
fresh air
The loss of water pressure in a hoseline is the most common example of: (948) A. breakover. B. friction loss. C. vaporization. D. water hammer.
friction loss.
When donning SCBA, all straps on the harness assembly and facepiece should be:
fully extended.
When donning SCBA, all straps on the harness assembly and facepiece should be: (298) A. fully extended. B. partially extended. C. adjusted individually. D. adjusted per local SOPs.
fully extended.
Any power tool not marked double insulated should: (76) A. have a two-prong plug. B. have a three-prong plug. C. not ever be used outside. D. not ever be used with an extension cord.
have a three-prong plug.
Three categories of hazards that can benefit from fire and life safety education are unsafe behaviors, unsafe conditions, and ________
hazardous processes
When crawling on stairs, proceed _____ first when ascending and _____ first when descending. a. hands/feet b. feet/hands c. head/feet d. feet/head
head/feet
Allowing natural air currents and pressure differences to move smoke and heat out of the building is natural: a. exhaust ventilation. b. hydraulic ventilation. c. vertical ventilation. d. horizontal ventilation.
horizontal ventilation.
Tactical ventilation reduces fire damage in structures and limits water damage because it: a. increases speed with which interior fires can be extinguished. b. focuses on the use of foam to fight interior fires. c. allows for the use of fire streams with lower pressures. d. allows salvage operations to begin simultaneously with fire attack.
increases speed with which interior fires can be extinguished.
4 Routes of Exposures
ingestion, injection, absorption, inhalation
Firefighters should ___ and put all tools in a ready state before storing
inspect, clean
Firefighters should ___ and put all tools in a ready state before storing. (76) A. inspect, clean, B. modify, clean, C. modify as needed D. inspect as needed
inspect, clean,
The neutral plane in the growth stage is the: a. interface of hot and cool layers at an opening. b. point where thermal layering begins. c. opening in the hot and cool layers. d. beginning of rapid transition layers.
interface of hot and cool layers at an opening.
Which of the following BEST describes when structural collapse may occur? a. It can only occur during fire suppression. b. It can occur when all the factors are met. c. It can only occur before fire suppression. d. It can occur well after the fire is extinguished.
it can occur well after the fire is extinguished.
Which of the following statements about ladder climbing position is the Most accurate. a. Reach overhead, using arms to pull body upward. b. Keep arms straight (horizontal) during the climb. c. Keep eyes focused upward, fixed on the tip of the ladder. d. Lean into ladder, bringing body as close to rungs as possible.
keep arms straight during the climb
The energy possessed by a moving object is called: a. kinetic energy. b. potential energy. c. mechanical energy. d. thermal energy.
kinetic energy.
The energy possessed by a moving object is called: (209) A. kinetic energy. B. thermal energy. C. potential energy. D. mechanical energy.
kinetic energy.
Term used for tying a rope around itself
knot
NFPA 1932 contains requirements for: a. ground ladder carrying, placement, and raising. b. ground ladder technique, training, and practice. c. ladder design, construction, and testing specifications. d. ladder use, care, maintenance and service testing.
ladder use, care, maintenance and service testing.
NFPA® 1932 contains requirements for: (655) A. ground ladder technique, training, and practice. B. ground ladder carrying, placement, and raising. C. ladder use, care, maintenance and service testing. D. ladder design, construction, and testing specifications.
ladder use, care, maintenance and service testing.
which of the following statements about removing large victims is most accurate? a. Large victims typically do not require more personnel or equipment than other victims. b. Large victims are lowered by two rescuers on ladders placed side by side. c. Large victims are lowered by two rescuers on the same ladder, one above the victim and one below. d. Large victims can be cradled across the rescuer's arms.
large victims are lowered by two res recuers on ladders placed side by side.
A double swinging door secured by a mortise lock can be pried to: a. break open. b. operate with doorknob or lever. c. turn knob to retract latch bolt. d. let the bolt slip past receiver.
let the bolt slip past receiver.
When performing tactical ventilation, the highest incident priority is: a. risk mitigation. b. extinguishment. c. incident stabilization. d. life safety.
life safety.
When performing tactical ventilation, the highest incident priority is: (733) A. life safety. B. risk mitigation. C. extinguishment. D. incident stabilization.
life safety.
To force entry on a sliding door, break the glass with an axe or: a. lift sliding panel up and out of track. b. cut lock with saw. c. pry door from side frame. d. use Halligan to spread door panels apart.
lift sliding panel up and out of track.
The load ability of a rope: a. must exceed weight of object hoisted b. must match the weight of object hoisted. c. relates only to the type of rope used. d. relates only to hoisting conditions.
must exceed weight of object hoisted.
Opening doors or windows is an example of: a. natural ventilation. b. vertical ventilation. c. hydraulic ventilation. d. mechanical ventilation.
natural ventilation.
Type III construction requires exterior walls and structural members to be constructed of: a. wood and metal. b. steel and masonry. c. large-dimension lumber. d. noncombustible materials.
noncombustible materials.
During a secondary search, a firefighter should: a. volunteer to conduct search, even after participating in primary search. b. search the structure quickly for rekindled fire. c. not remove SCBA, even if building appears free of smoke. d. work independently to cover the area faster.
not remove SCBA, even if building appears free of smoke.
When following a hoseline during escape, remember the female coupling is on the _____ side and the male coupling is on the _____. a. nozzle/water source b. farthest/closest c. closest/farthest d. water source/nozzle
nozzle/water source
Ground ladders should be service tested before being placed in service, ___ while in service, and after use that exposes the ladder to high heat or rough treatment. (665) A. after cleaning B. once each year C. once each week D. according to the manufacturer's schedule
once each year
Pumper apparatus are required by NFPA® 1901 to carry one folding ladder, one roof ladder, and: (661) A. one single ladder. B. one extension ladder. C. two extension ladders. D. one combination ladder.
one extension ladder.
When three firefighters carry a ladder, how should they be positioned. a. One firefighter at each end on one side of the ladder, the third on the other side in the middle b. Three firefighters equally spaced on the same side of the ladder c. One firefighter on each side behind the ladder, the third at the center at the front of the ladder d. One firefighter on each side at the front of the ladder, the third at the center behind the ladder
one firefighter at each end on one side if the ladder, the third on the other side in the middle
Operating built-in smoke control systems in a high-rise or a shopping mall with open atria should be the responsibility of: a. any firefighter on the scene. b. only building engineers or maintenance superintendents. c. only code enforcement officers. d. any security officer on duty.
only building engineers or maintenance superintendents.
An open-circuit SCBA air cylinder control valve should be _____ when in use.
opened fully
The type of forcible entry used on fire doors is similar to forcing: a. swinging doors. b. padlocks. c. security gates and doors. d. overhead or sliding doors
overhead or sliding doors
The primary oxidizing agent in most fires is: a. oxygen. b. nitrogen. c. carbon. d. hydrogen.
oxygen.
Security gates may contain ___ that slow down entry. a. guard dogs b. electric fences c. padlocks d. civilians
padlocks
Pattern can occur when exterior walls collapse simultaneously causing the roof and upper floors to collapse on top of each other (like stack of pancakes)
pancake collapse
Additions to the structure, replacing fire escapes with enclosed stairways, and removing non-load-bearing walls are all types of: a. security measures. b. nonpermitted structural modifications. c. permitted structural modifications. d. roof obstructions.
permitted structural modifications.
NFPA® 1500 requires that departments develop ___, including an annual medical verification of duty fitness
physical performance standards for personnel participating in emergency operations
When and how built-in fire suppression systems are to be supported for loss control are identified in the: (1106) A. preincident plan. B. overhaul process. C. primary damage evaluation. D. secondary damage evaluation.
preincident plan.
Heeling the tying in are two methods of: a. supporting an unconscious victim while lowering down a ladder. b. securing a firefighter to a ladder while performing work. c. preventing movement of the ladder away from the building. d. securing the fly section in an extended position.
preventing movement of the ladder away from the builing.
Damage caused by fire and smoke is referred to as: (1104) A. key damage. B. primary damage. C. secondary damage. D. involuntary damage.
primary damage.
The all-hazards approach means the fire service: (21) A. resists changes that may occur. B. requires personal accountability. C. uses established organizational structure. D. provides a variety of services in the community.
provides a variety of services in the community.
Interacting with the business owner or representative is a good opportunity to: (1106) A. meet with their procurement unit. B. predischarge fire extinguishing system. C. find problems with building code violations. D. recommend continual loss control practices
recommend continual loss control practices
When using the oriented-search method, the team leader: a. follows team members around the room, helping where needed. b. remains anchored at the door, wall, or hoseline. c. moves with the searchers through the room. d. directs search movements from outside the structure.
remains anchored at the door, wall, or hoseline.
When caring for an unprotected metal surface, use a metal file to: a. remove dirt and rust. b. make blade edge sharp. c. remove burrs from cutting edge. d. hide defects.
remove burrs from cutting edge.
Once a search is complete, a firefighter should: a. report promptly to RIC/RIT. b. report promptly to decontamination. c. report promptly to the supervisor. d. report promptly to recovery.
report promptly to the supervisor.
When performing salvage operations, firefighters: (1110) A. require a specific collection of tools. B. assess biological monitoring results. C. can use whatever tools are easily available. D. should use materials and equipment in the structure.
require a specific collection of tools.
Ventilation that causes heat, smoke, and fire to be discharged through wall openings below the highest point of the building creates danger because: a. rising gases will ignite portions of the building above exhaust point. b. multiple ventilation points will be created from the openings. c. fire streams will be unable to reach the higher levels of the fire. d. oxygen levels will be increased for the upper levels of the fire.
rising gases will ignite portions of the building above exhaust point.
The concept of risk management is based on an assessment of benefits gained compared to the ___:
risks involved
The ignition of unburned fire gases at the top of the compartment is known as: a. flashover. b. rollover. c. combustion. d. smoke explosion.
rollover.
Ensuring the only required openings for ventilation are made is the responsibility of the: a. code enforcement officer. b. company officer. c. roof ventilation team leader. d. incident commander.
roof ventilation team leader.
A chain-link fence should be cut quickly with a (an): a. axe. b. cutting torch. c. rotary saw. d. bolt cutter.
rotary saw.
Which of the following topics is MOST appropriate for high school students? a. careless smoking b. safe driving habits c. stop, drop, and roll d. residential sprinklers
safe driving habits
what is the function of a ladder belt? a. Secure a ladder to an outside rack on an apparatus. b. Safely secure firefighter to a ladder while performing work. c. Prevent a raised ladder from moving away from a building. d. Support weight of large, heavy ladders during carries.
safely secure firefighter to a ladder while performing work
Protecting the contents of rooms immediately below the fire floor with salvage covers while fire suppression operations are conducted is performing a: (1106) A. fire suppression activity. B. preincident plan activity. C. salvage operations procedure. D. overhaul operations procedure.
salvage operations procedure.
Damage resulting from fire suppression activities is referred to as: (1104) A. limited damage. B. primary damage. C. overhaul damage. D. secondary damage.
secondary damage.
Cutting padlocks is a proper way to force entry on: a. sliding doors. b. double swinging doors. c. security doors. d. swinging doors.
security doors.
Damage when forcing a door can be justified by severity of emergency and: a. manpower available. b. speed needed for entry. c. seriousness of injury. d. tools needed for the job.
speed needed for entry.
When cutting a lock with a power saw, one firefighter should ___ the lock with a set of locking pliers and chain. a. breach b. stabilize c. cut d. move
stabilize
In 2010 the leading causes of fire fatalities were: (46) A. live fire training. B. overexertion and falls. C. stress and overexertion. D. overexertion and being struck by an object.
stress and overexertion.
Renovation, age of the structure, weather, and loads are all: a. structural collapse factors. b. impossible to estimate the impact of on a structure. c. building construction hazards. d. renovations hazards.
structural collapse factors.
Which of the following BEST describes a situation where a raised ground ladder may be shifted. a. Fire personnel are ceasing operations and leaving the scene. b. The Incident Commander has ordered the ladder be relocated on the opposite side of the building. c. The ladder was raised with the fly the incorrect position for deployment. d. The ladder needs to be moved a short distance to align with a window.
the ladder needs to be moves a short distance to align with a window
The potential chemical energy of fuel in fire behavior is converted to: a. electrical energy. b. thermal energy. c. mechanical energy. d. sound energy.
thermal energy.
The potential chemical energy of fuel in fire behavior is converted to: (209) A. sound energy. B. thermal energy. C. electrical energy. D. mechanical energy.
thermal energy.
Portable fire extinguishers should be chosen based on the: (340) A. heat of the fire. B. type of fuel that is burning. C. amount of agent required to extinguish the fire. D. distance required between the extinguisher and the fire.
type of fuel that is burning.
The shutoff valves for water are located: (1026) A. underground. B. inside the house. C. at the water department. D. near the electrical meter.
underground.
description of the main cause of injuries suffered in fire stations and facilities?
unsafe behavior
Firefighters should keep evidence ___ until investigator arrives. Select one: a. untouched b. hidden c. clean d. under lock and key
untouched
When striking surfaces may cause metal chips or splinters to fly into the air, firefighters should: a. use proper eye protection. b. stand to one side when striking. c. cover item with a drop cloth. d. use small movements not large ones.
use proper eye protection.
Noncombustible construction as defined by the National Building Code of Canada achieves fire safety by: a. using noncombustible materials for structural members and other building assemblies. b. placing limitations on sizes of wood structural methods. c. avoiding concealed spaces under floors and roofs. d. using fire-resistant materials.
using noncombustible materials for structural members and other building assemblies.
The process of ignition causes pyrolysis in solid fuels and ___ in liquid fuels. a. kinetic reaction b. melting c. freezing d. vaporization
vaporization
The process of ignition causes pyrolysis in solid fuels and ___ in liquid fuels. (210) A. melting B. freezing C. vaporization D. kinetic reaction
vaporization
Cutting a hole in the roof above the fire or opening existing roof access doors, scuttles, or skylights are all examples of: a. vertical ventilation. b. horizontal ventilation. c. outlet ventilation. d. inlet ventilation.
vertical ventilation.
Crawling in heavy smoke or extreme heat can increase: a. chances of finding victims. b. visibility. c. risk of falling. d. useable oxygen.
visibility.
Device used for creating anchors and lashings or for packaging patients and rescuers; typically constructed from the same material as synthetic rope
webbing
When entering a building, carefully reposition pike pole and carry it: (593) A. on shoulder. B. ahead of body. C. with head upright. D. blade forward and toward ground.
with head upright.
how do you stop for railroad crossings?
within 50 feet but no closer than 15 feet
Ladders constructed of ___ retain strength when exposed to heat and have better resistance to bouncing when climbed. Select one: a. fiberglass b. aluminum c. wood d. brass
wood
How much clearance is needed when using a K-tool? a. 1 ½ inches (38 mm) b. ½ inch (13 mm) c. 1 inch (25 mm) d. 2 inches (51 mm)
½ inch (13 mm)
Termination Documentation should include:
- Documentation - Debriefing - Critique - Date & Location - Description of the Initial incident and sequence of events - People involved - victims, witnesses and other responders -Actions you took - Concerns Any possible health effects experienced
What are examples of the DOT Class 4 Hazard Class?
- Flammable Solids - Spontaneously combustible materials - Water-reactive substances/Dangerous when wet materials
What is the 5 Step Process to a hazardous material incident?
- Isolate - Identify - Notify - Mitigate - Terminate
NFPA 1901 "Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus" sets the minimum lengths and types of ladders to be carried on pumper/Engine apparatus as follows:
- One single (roof) ladder equipped with roof hooks - One extension ladder - One folding ladder No lengths specified other then recommendation of a 35 ft extension ladder in areas where no ladder trucks are in service
What are the 5 basic elements to the communication model?
- Sender - Message - Receiver - Feedback to the Sender - Interference
Which of the following is defined as the tendency of gases to form into layers according to temperature? a. Location of ignition b. Location of fuel package c. Thermal layering d. Type of fuel
. Thermal layering
The NFPA® 704 system rates the severity of hazards on a scale from: (1369) A. 0 to 4. B. 4 to 0. C. 1 to 10. D. 10 to 1.
0 to 4.
Vapor Density of air
1
How far must a collaspe zone extend?
1 1/2 times the height of teh structure
What is the manufactured diameter for an attack line?
1 1/2 to 3 inch diameter
What is the proper distance when speaking into a radio?
1 to 2 inches
Dry hydrants are designed to supply at least: (800) A. 250 gpm (1 000 L/min). B. 500 gpm (2 000 L/min). C. 750 gpm (3 000 L/min). D. 1,000 gpm (4 000 L/min).
1,000 gpm (4 000 L/min).
What is the ignition temperature of Carbon Monoxide
1,128 F
As water is vaporized into steam, it expands approximately ____ its original volume. (944) A. 700 times B. 1,000 times C. 1,700 times D. 2,200 times
1,700 times
Middle school children guidelines
1. Burn care and prevention 2. Fire science, making the connection between fire behavior and classroom science 3. Health and safety education such as CPR training 4. Cooking safety 5.n Babysitting classes 6. Firesetting and other risky activities 7. Importance of home exit drills
The National Building Code of Canada defines three types of building construction:
1. Combustible Construction 2. Non combustible Construction 3. Heavy Timber Construction
What are the five components of program delivery?
1. Education 2. Enforcement 3. Economic incentives 4. engineering 5. emergency response
What are the exceptions of not having a placard under 1,001 pounds and must be placard at any quantity?
1. Explosives with a mass explosion hazard 2. Explosives with a projection hazard 3. Explosives with predominantly a fire hazard 4. Toxic gases 5. Water reactive substances 6. Organic Peroxides 7. Toxic Substances 8. Radioactive Yellow III
The 5 steps of THIRA are:
1. Identify the threats and hazards 2. Give the threats and hazards context 3. Examine the core capabilities 4. Set capability targets 5. Apply the results
Fire and Life Safety topics for preschool children include:
1. Match and lighter safety 2. Stop, drop, roll 3. Home escape 4. Firefighters as helpers 5. Bicycle helmets 6. Poison prevention
Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA) threats and hazards are divided into which three categories?
1. Natural Hazards 2. Technological hazards 3. Threats or human-caused hazards
The 4 categories of fire and life safety messages:
1. Prevent (fires and burns) 2. Prepare (for a fire emergency) 3. Protect (yourself in an emergency) 4. Persuade (others to be safe)
High school students guidelines
1. Safe driving habits 2. Smoke alarm safety 3. Fire service careers 4. Preparation for living independently 5. College dormitory fire safety
Sample age-appropriate messages for elementary age students
1. Smoke alarm response 2. Survival skills 3. Use and misuse of fire 4. home escape plan
What are the the 3 protection principles of Radiation?
1. Time 2. Distance 3. Shielding
Three categories of hazards that can benefit from fire and life safety education:
1. Unsafe behaviors 2. Unsafe conditions 3. hazardous processes
What is required in pipleline Transportation?
1. Warning 2. Prouduct 3. Owner 4. Emergency Contact number
What is the manufactured diameter for a booster line?
1/2 - to 1 inch
When operating power tools, a firefighter should never carry the tool more than: a. 15 feet (4.6 m). b. 20 feet (6.1 m). c. 10 feet (3 m). d. 5 feet (1.5 m).
10 feet (3 m).
When operating power tools, a firefighter should never carry the tool more than: (593) A. 5 feet (1.5 m). B. 10 feet (3 m). C. 15 feet (4.6 m). D. 20 feet (6.1 m).
10 feet (3 m).
When using the wide-area-search method, using individual tethers allow firefighters to sweep a _____ arc at the midpoint. a. 25 foot (7.6 m) b. 15 foot (4.5 m) c. 20 foot (6 m) d. 10 foot (3 m)
10 foot (3 m)
PFD'S must be word when how close to water?
10 ft
1 cubic foot of dirt = how many pounds?
100
A shock-absorbing bumper may fly up to _____ feet if involved in a fire
100
The weight of one cubic foot of soil is ___ pounds.
100 pounds
Steel structural members lengthen as much as 4 inches (100 mm) when heated to:
1000F
What NFPA® standard establishes basic training criteria for Firefighter I and Firefighter II?
1001
What NFPA® standard establishes basic training criteria for Firefighter I and Firefighter II? (27) A. 1001 B. 1002 C. 1021 D. 1582
1001
What is the ignition temperature of Natural gas (methane)
1004 degrees F
How many feet of ground ladders must an aerial apparatus carry?
115 Feet
Live fire training must be conducted according to the requirements of which NFPA® standard
1403
Which NFPA® standard defines safe training practices and programs?
1403
Additional apparatus can fom a second barrier ________ feet behind the first
150-200 ft
Which NFPA® standard specifies the minimum requirements for department safety and health programs?
1500
When was the first fire engine purchased in Colonial North America?
1653
When converted to steam, a cubic foot of water expands to this many times it's original volume
1700
Which NFPA® standard sets requirements for care and maintenance of personal and respiratory protection equipment?
1851
Which NFPA® standard establishes the inspection period for protective breathing apparatus? a. 1971 b. 1500 c. 1982 d. 1852
1852
Which NFPA® standard requires seat-mounted SCBAs be held in place by a mechanical latching device? a. 1971 b. 1901 c. 1500 d. 1982
1901
Structural fire fighting protective clothing must meet what NFPA® standard?
1971
Structural fire fighting protective clothing must meet what NFPA® standard? (261) A. 1500 B. 1971 C. 1977 D. 1982
1971
Which NFPA® standard specifies requirements for station/work uniforms? a. 1977 b. 1975 c. 1500 d. 1982
1975
Which NFPA® standard establishes the design criteria for protective clothing and equipment?
1977
Which NFPA® standard outlines the specifications for wildland personal protective clothing?
1977
Which of the following NFPA® standards establishes the design criteria for protective clothing and equipment? (55) A. 1403 B. 1582 C. 1851 D. 1977
1977
What is the manufactured diameter for a Supply line?
2 1/2 in - 6 inch
As a general rule how long is the fire resistance rating of Type IV lumber?
2 hours
What is the minimum overlap between coat and trousers when the wearer is bent over to a 90 degree angle?
2 inches
What is the minimum overlap between coat and trousers when the wearer is bent over to a 90 degree angle? (280) A. 2 inches (50 mm) B. 3 inches (76 mm) C. 5 inches (127 mm) D. 6 inches (152 mm)
2 inches (50 mm)
The vehicle systems reserve energy supply lasts anywhere from _____ to _____ minutes?
2 to 60 mins
How many feet should a hose clamp be placed behind the apparatus
20 Ft
When using the wide-area-search method, a steel ring is tied to the search line every: a. 25 feet (7.6 m). b. 10 feet (3 m). c. 20 feet (6 m). d. 15 feet (4.5 m).
20 feet (6 m).
OSHA provides guidelines for the general construction of trenches up to_____ deep and ____ wide.
20 feet deep and 15 feet wide
What dimensions require a registered professional engineer to excavate?
20' deep and 15' wide
What is the normal oxygen in air
21 percent
Water is converted to steam at: a. 212°F (100°C). b. 190°F (88 °C). c. 230°F (110°C). d. 300°F (149°C).
212°F (100°C).
Body heat is lost to still water _____ times as fast as to still air of the same temperature.
25 times
Current estimates indicate that manufactured homes make up ______ percent of all housing sales in the US
25%
What is the average property loss in fires set by juveniles in apprxopimately how many incidents and monetary amount?
250,000 incidents at 20,000 dollars
Percent of fires that are outdoor fires
29
How often Composite SCBA cylinders should be tested
3 years
How many rungs should a ladder be extended above the roof line?
3-5 rungs
Time it takes for a PASS device to activate if the firefighter stops moving
30 Seconds
When the main body of the fire is too great to extinguish, and only after the offensive vertical ventilation opening has been made, a trench cut must be created ahead of the advancing fire by at least: Select one: a. 20 feet. b. 10 feet. c. 40 feet. d. 30 feet.
30 feet.
Firefighters and the public should stay at least ___ from underground transmission lines during a fire. (1033) A. 100 feet (30 m) B. 200 feet (60 m) C. 300 feet (91 m) D. 400 feet (120 m)
300 feet (91 m)
A hydraulic spreader tip can be spread as much as: a. 28 inches (711 mm). b. 36 inches (914 mm). c. 32 inches (800 mm). d. 48 inches (1219 mm).
32 inches (800 mm).
How many firefighters are needed to bring a victim down a ladder?
4 Firefighters Two inside the building, one or two on the ladder and one heeling the ladder
Water type extinguishers should be protected against freezing if they are going to be exposed to temperatures lower than ____ degrees?
40 degrees
How many feet should a hose clamp be placed behind the nearest coupling
5 Feet
Natural Gas is explosive between ____ and _____ percent on air.
5, 15
The goal of the National Fallen Firefighters Foundation is to reduce fatalities by twenty- five percent within five years and by ___ in ten years.
50%
Children under the age of 18 years account for ___ % of all arson arrests
54
The blades of a rotary saw may spin at more than: a. 8,000 rpm. b. 10,000 rpm. c. 4,000 rpm. d. 6,000 rpm.
6,000 rpm.
At water rescue incidents Cold Water is to be considered below___.
70 degrees
percent of structural fires that are residential fires
74
Proper climbing angle for a ladder
75
What is the optimum climbing angle for a ladder against a building?
75 degrees
NFPA® 1931 requires that single, roof combination and extension ladders must support a maximum load of: (655) A. 200 lbs. (91 kg) B. 300 lbs. (136 kg) C. 600 lbs. (272 kg) D. 750 lbs. (340 kg)
750 lbs. (340 kg)
NFPA 1931 requires that single, roof combination and extension ladders must support a maximum load of: Select one: a. 600 lbs. (272 kg) b. 200 lbs. (91 kg) c. 300 lbs. (136 kg) d. 750 lbs. (340 kg)
750 lbs. (340kg)
There are ____ areas covered in the Technical Rescue Awareness Program?
8
What is the minimum size pipe typically used to ensure adequate quantities of water through a water distribution system? (790) A. 6-inch (150 mm) B. 8-inch (200 mm) C. 10-inch (250 mm) D. 12-inch (300 mm)
8-inch (200 mm)
Every U.S. gallon (SI liter) of water used to suppress fire adds ___ to the weight of floors. a. 7.22 pounds (3.27 kilograms) b. 12.23 pounds (5.55 kilograms) c. 10.33 pounds (4.68 kilograms) d. 8.33 pounds (3.69 kilograms)
8.33 pounds (3.69 kilograms)
To perform hydraulic ventilation, a fog nozzle should be set on a wide fog pattern to cover what percent of the opening through which the smoke will be drawn or pulled? a. 85 to 90 b. 55 to 60 c. 45 to 50 d. 15 to 20
85 to 90
NFPA 1901 requires quint fire apparatus to carry a minimum of (. ) of ground ladders of the same types required for pumper apparatus a. 115 feet (35 m) b. 100 feet (30 m) c. 85 feet (26 m) d. 50 feet (15 m)
85ft
To overcome physical barriers, you may need to turn your body ___ degrees, lift the radio higher, or ______ the antenna straight
90 degrees, raise antenna
You should consider changing your incident from rescue mode to recovery mode if a victim has been submerged under water for more than _____ minutes.
90 minutes
Fire service ladders meeting the requirements of NFPA 1931 are required to have: a. a locally assigned apparatus designation and inventory number. b. a label indicating the position of the ladder when properly racked on the apparatus. c. a certification label indicating the ladder meets NFPA® 1931. d. a mark indicating the balance point of ladders less than 24 feet (7 m).
A certification label indicating the ladder meets NFPA 1931
How are wooden handles of forcible entry tools preserved? a. Application of chromium or metal surface b. A coat of paint or varnish c. Washing with mild detergent and wiping dry d. A coat of boiled linseed oil
A coat of boiled linseed oil
When selecting a ladder to access a specific point, which of the following is MOST accurate regarding estimated distances and ladder reach? a. A residential story averages about 12 feet (4 m). b. Extension ladders' maximum extended length may be as much as 6 inches (150 mm) more than the designated length. c. A commercial story averages 12 feet (4 m). d. For ladders over 35 feet (11 m) in length, the reach is approximately 1 foot (300 mm) less than the designated length.
A commercial story averages 12 feet (4m)
which of the following statements about handling ladders is MOST accurate? a. Firefighters should never secure themselves to a ladder; they must be able to quickly retreat while working. b. A firefighter should relocate a positioned ladder only when ordered to do so. c. Ladder stability should be checked during training by climbing several rungs and shifting left and right. d. Ladders should never carry a load greater than one firefighter every 20 feet (6 m).
A firefighter should relocate a positioned ladde only when ordered to do so.
When using the Federal Emergency Management Agency's Urban Search and Rescue system (FEMA US&R), what does a diagonal mark from upper right to lower left indicate? a. A search is underway b. A search is needed in that location c. A search is not needed in that location d. A search has been performed
A search is underway
What are the most effective tools for cleaning ladders?
A soft bristle brush and running watter
Type of forcible entry tool that works on just the cylinder
A tool
Why is gross decontamination after overhaul important? a. Contaminated PPE can lead to carcinogens being absorbed through the skin. b. Dirty PPE makes firefighters appear unprofessional to the public. c. Failure to perform decontamination may void PPE warranties. d. Contaminants on PPE can alter the fit of the garments.
A. . Contaminated PPE can lead to carcinogens being absorbed through the skin.
It is the responsibility of the AHJ to preplan your response area to identify hazards of potential rope rescue incidents. Select one: a. True b. False
A. True
Positive pressure ventilation is applied to a building at ground level through the use of one or more: A: blowers B: exit points C: entry points D: smoke ejectors
A: blowers
HVAC equipment in windowless buildings may cause spread of smoke, heat and fire unless specifically: A: designed for this purpose B: inspected for high occupancy C: designed to cool building only D: inspected prior to a fire occuring
A: designed for this purpose
Which mechanical ventilation method uses higher pressure inside a building to force smoke through openings to the lower pressure area outside? A: positive-pressure ventilation B: positive- hydraulic ventilation C: negative- pressure ventilation D: negative- hydraulic ventilation
A: positive- pressure ventilation
Which fire extinguisher is a corrosive and can remove paint from tools and apparatus
AFFF
Extinguishers suitable for Class A and B fires
AFFF Extinguishers
What type of stairs typically connects no more than two levels if not required as part of the means of egress? a. Access stairs b. Unprotected stairs c. Protected stairs d. Exterior stairs
Access stairs
How is control of a saw maintained? a. More than one firefighter should handle the saw b. Strap tools together c. Account for the twisting caused by spinning blade d. Carry tool away from the body
Account for the twisting caused by spinning blade
How is control of a saw maintained? (593) A. Strap tools together B. Carry tool away from the body C. More than one firefighter should handle the saw D. Account for the twisting caused by spinning blade
Account for the twisting caused by spinning blade
What are the ABC's of good Communications
Accurate Brief Concise
Which of the following actions should a firefighter immediately take after transmitting a MAYDAY report? a. Turn off PASS device b. Move toward exit twenty feet (6 m) at time c. Activate PASS device d. Attempt self-rescue
Activate PASS device
Which of the following factors determines the initial severity and extent of a fire? a. Availability of a water supply for suppression b. Adjacent exposures c. Activation of fire detection and suppression systems d. Number of responding units
Activation of fire detection and suppression systems
Which health effects are short-term conditions that appear within hours or days? (1301) A. Acute B. Lethal C. Chronic D. Recurring
Acute
Develops very quickly, usually after exposure at high concentrations of hazardous substance?
Acute Exposure
the difference between acute and chronic illness?
Acute is short term, chronic is long lasting
Which of the following BEST describes where the collapse zone is established? a. Adjacent to any exposed interior walls b. Near any area that is 10 feet (3.04 m) from exterior walls c. Adjacent to any exposed exterior walls d. Near any area that is 20 feet (6.09 m) from exterior walls
Adjacent to any exposed exterior walls
What type of NFPA® defined cleaning may be done in a washing machine designed to handle heavy loads?
Advanced cleaning
When is the secondary search performed? a. Immediately after the primary search is complete b. After initial fire suppression is complete c. During initial fire suppression d. Approximately thirty minutes after the primary search
After initial fire suppression is complete
When should the middle of a room be searched? a. After searching the perimeter b. Intermittently with the perimeter search c. Before searching the perimeter d. At the same time as searching the perimeter
After searching the perimeter
Type of fire hose damage that includes cracking at points where hose is folded and seperation of inner liner from exterior covering.
Age deterioration
What is the title of the shipping papers for Air Trasnsportation?
Air Bill with Shipper's certification for Restricted Articles
Which of the following types of respiratory protection uses visual ESTIs only? a. Atmosphere-supplying respirators b. Closed-circuit SCBAs c. Air-purifying respirators d. Open-circuit SCBAs
Air-purifying respirators
Which of the following respiratory hazards can be protected against using high-efficiency particulate (HEPA) filters? a. Gases and vapors b. Elevated temperatures c. Airborne pathogens d. Oxygen levels
Airborne pathogens
Predetermined number and type of fire units assigned to respond to an emergency.
Alarm Assignment
Many fire departments take the ___ approach by providing a variety of services to their communities
All Hazards
A must a fire department's safety and health program address?
All anticipated hazards to which members may be exposed
Provides a coordinated approach to a wide variety of incidents; all responders use a similar coordinated approach with a comon set of authorities, protections and resources
All-Hazard Concept
Substance or mixture composed of two or more metals (or a metal and nonmetallic elements) fused together and dissolved into each other to enhance the properties or usefulness of the base metal.
Alloy
Ladders made of ( ) Conduct heat, cold and electricity, and may accumulate ice on the rungs in cold weather. a. carbon fiber b. fiberglass c. wood d. aluminum
Aluminum
Material that increased in the 20th Centruy and is used for roofing, flashing, gutters, downspouts, window and door frames and exterior curtain wall panels
Aluminum
Material used in construction of sun rooms, screened porches, car ports and awnings found on residential structures
Aluminum
Metal that will be more rapidly affected by heat then steel?
Aluminum
What is the most common material used for fire service ladders? a. Aluminum b. Steel c. Fiberglass d. Wood
Aluminum
Which of the following metals will be affected by heat more rapidly than steel? a. Aluminum b. Lead c. Tin d. Copper
Aluminum
Such as high humidity and cold temperatures can slow the natural movement of smoke
Ambient Conditions
What fire development factor includes cold temperature, strong winds, and wind direction? a. Compartment volume and ceiling height b. Ambient conditions c. Fuel type d. Availability and location of additional fuel
Ambient conditions
Which federal law affects hiring practices and building accessibility?
American with disabilities act
Which of the following statements about ladder placement is MOST accurate. a. An easy way to determine the proper distance between the butt and the building is to divide the working length of the ladder by four. b. If the butt is placed too far from the building, the weight of a person tends to cause the tip to pull away from the building. c. Between the ladder and ground, the desired angle of inclination is about 45 degrees. d. When the ladder is at the proper angle, a firefighter standing straight on the bottom rung should be able to rest an elbow on the rung directly in front.
An easy way to determine the proper distance between the butt and the building is to divide the working length
Which of the following BEST describes what the fire tetrahedron represents? a. The relationship between fuel, oxygen, heat b. An uninhibited chemical chain reaction c. The process of autoignition d. A transfer of sound energy
An uninhibited chemical chain reaction
The greatest angle above the horizontal plane at which loose material (such as soil) will lie without sliding.
Angle of Repose
In which roof style does the design depend on exterior walls to support its weight?
Arched
The type of building construction used in a structure is determined by the _______, ______ _____, or _______
Architect, Structural engineer or contractor
What method of electrical energy occurs when a high-temperature luminous discharge crosses a gap? a. Resistance heating b. Overcurrent c. Arcing d. Sparking
Arcing
primary cause of commercial fires
Arson
How much does pressure treating weaken the wood's load carrying ability?
As much as 25%
What is the first step to locating information in your department's regulations?
Ask your supervisor
Fatal condition caused by severe oxygen deficiency and an excess of carbon monoxide and or other gases in the blood
Asphyxiation
An occupancy used for a gathering of 50 or more persons for deliberation, worship, entertainment, eating, drinking, amusement, awaiting transportation, or similar uses. Used as a special amusement building regardless of occupant load
Assembly Occupancy
Which of the following is a nonemergency exit indicator? a. Assignment completed b. Change in concentration of respiratory hazards c. Change in oxygen level d. SCBA failure
Assignment completed
In a type IV structure how long does the fire reistance rating need to be for any materials used in construction that is not composed of wood?
At least 1 hour
How often should unused rope be inspected?
At least once a year
How often should unused rope be inspected? (376) A. Every month B. Every six months C. At least once a year D. At least twice a year
At least once a year
Which of the following BEST describes the two means of escape required when personnel are working on a roof or upper story? a. At least two ladders located no more than ten feet apart b. At least one ground ladder and one escape rope c. At least one ground ladder and one roof ladder d. At least two ladders at remote locations from one another
At least two ladders at remote locations from one another.
Which of the following BEST describes the frequency with which personal protective equipment (PPE) should be inspected? a. At the beginning of shift and after every use b. As dictated by manufacturers c. When there is down time at the fire station d. As a firefighter feels there is need
At the beginning of shift and after every use
A term used to describe U.S. federally regulated industrial workers who are qualified to be stationed outside one or more confined spaces, who monitor authorized entrants, and who perform all of the following duties:
Attendant
A term used to describe U.S. federally regulated industrial workers who are designated to enter confined spaces and who meet the following training requirements for each specific space they enter:
Authorized Entrant
Occurs without any external flame or spark to ignite the fuel gases or vapors. Fuel surface is chemically heated to the point at which the combustion reaction occurs
Autoignition
Minimum temperature to which a fuel in the air must be heated in order to start self sustained combustion, Always higher then its piloted igntion temperature
Autoignition Temperature
Enhanced 9-1-1 feature that displays the address of the party calling 9-1-1 on a screen for use by the public safety telecommunicator. This feature is also used to route calls to the appropriate public safety answering point and can even store information in its database regarding the appropriate emergency services that respond to that address.
Automatic location identification (ALI)
Which of the following is the most important survival technique for firefighters? a. Communication b. Recognition c. Prevention d. Avoid potential hazards
Avoid potential hazards
How should an axe blade be carried if not in a scabbard? a. Behind the body b. Away from the body c. Tool head close to the ground d. Over the shoulder
Away from the body
How should an axe blade be carried if not in a scabbard? (593) A. Behind the body B. Over the shoulder C. Away from the body D. Tool head close to the ground
Away from the body
Which of the following types of windows has double-strength glass? a. Awning b. Casement c. Jalousie d. Sliding
Awning
Which of the following is the most common type of cutting tool? a. Axe b. Halligan tool c. Handsaw d. Power saw
Axe
Air flow is the movement of air toward the burning fuel and: A: movement of smoke in to the compartment B: movement of smoke out of the compartment. C: pressure differentials inside the compartment D: pressure differentials outside the compartment
B: movement of smoke out of the compartment
When conditions are appropriate, natural horizontal ventilation operations should work with existing atmospheric conditions, taking advantage of: A: natural inlets B: natural air flow C: positive pressure D: negative pressure
B: natural air flow
Which of the following actions should firefighters do to determine the difference in feel of supported and unsupported areas of roof? A: cut the roof B: sound the roof C: step on the roof D: Bounce an item off the roof
B: sound the roof
What aspect of fire development is a result of an increase in low-level ventilation prior to upper level ventilation? a. Smoke explosion b. Combustion c. Backdraft d. Rollover
Backdraft
What fire behavior is the result of an increase in low-level ventilation prior to upper level ventilation?
Backdraft
Compartment doors may interfere with what type of SCBA mount? a. Backup mount b. Seat mount c. Unmounted d. Rear external mount
Backup mount
Which of the following is the most common method used for two- firefighter deployment of large salvage covers? (1114) A. Primary B. Secondary C. Floating throw D. Balloon throw
Balloon throw
Fixed, nonmobile radio at a central location
Base Station Radio
What part of the fire service is composed of a variety of companies located in a response area?
Battalion
Which of the following is used as the traditional approach to breaching a brick wall? a. Axe b. Battering ram c. Crow bar d. Sledgehammer
Battering ram
Term for side rails of ladder
Beams
What part of the roof extends from wall to wall on a flat roof? a. Beams b. Horizontal joists c. Top and bottom chords d. Webbing
Beams
Also known as the sheet bend used for joining two ropes of unequal diameters or joining a rope and a chain. Unlikely to slip when the rope is wet. Not suitable for life safety applications
Becket Bend
Which type of knot is used for joining two ropes of unequal diameter? a. Figure-eight b. Handcuff c. Bowline d. Becket bend
Becket bend
Type of knot used to join two ropes of unequal diameters
Beckett Bend
Term for extension ladder with the fly sections fully retracted
Bedded Position
Which type of radiation is emitted from the nucleus of radioactive elements such as tritium, carbon-14, and strontium-90? (1303) A. Alpha B. Beta C. Gamma D. Neutron
Beta
Which bend is formed by bending a rope back on itself while keeping both sides parallel? a. Round turn b. Loop c. Bight d. Knot
Bight
Proper way to carry a Pike Pole
Blade Up inside, Down outside
Minimum number of experienced rescuers that are sent out to locate the victim.
Blitz or Hasty Team.
Method of manufacturing rope without any knots or splices; a continuous strand of fiber runs the entire length of the ropes core
Block Creel Construction
Class C Fire extinguisher Symbol
Blue Circle
Which section of the ERG lists products alphabetically by name?
Blue Pages
The hydraulic backwash below a dam, sometimes described as a vertical whirlpool. Boil Line. A point, below a dam, where the current splits, flowing upstream and downstream.
Boil
Which city became the first ever paid fire company in 1678?
Boston
Where on a door should a firefighter strike to break a tempered plate glass door? a. Top corner b. Eye-level c. Middle d. Bottom corner
Bottom corner
Knot that is easily tied and untied and is good for forming a single loop that will not constrict
Bowline
What type of knots can be used to lift roof ladders?
Bowline or a figure eight
Which type of roof is used whenever large open floor spaces with limited interior support is needed? a. Bowstring truss b. Lantern c. Sawtooth d. Mansard
Bowstring truss
Which of the following types of rope is constructed of a braided core enclosed in a braided, herringbone-pattern sheath?
Braid-on-braid rope
Which of the following types of rope is constructed of a braided core enclosed in a braided, herringbone-pattern sheath? (375) A. Braided rope B. Braid-on-braid rope C. Static kernmantle rope D. Dynamic kernmantle rope
Braid-on-braid rope
Which of the following types of rope is less likely to twist during use than laid rope? a. Braid-on-braid rope b. Braided rope c. Dynamic kernmantle rope d. Static kernmantle rope
Braided rope
Which of the following types of rope is less likely to twist during use than laid rope? (375) A. Braided rope B. Braid-on-braid rope C. Static kernmantle rope D. Dynamic kernmantle rope
Braided rope
De the apparatus travels from when the driver touches the brake pedal until the vehicle is completely stopped
Braking Distance
When performing forcible entry on casement windows, the first step is to: a. Remove screen b. Break lowest pane of glass c. Cut screen in area d. Unlock and operate crank
Break lowest pane of glass
Which piece of protective breathing apparatus has the hand wheel checked for damage during weekly inspection? a. Hoses b. Backplate and harness assembly c. Breathing air cylinder assembly d. Facepiece
Breathing air cylinder assembly
What 2 types of material is used to create veneer walls?
Brick and Stone
What type of company protects structures in the wildland/urban interface?
Brush company
What type of company protects structures in the wildland/urban interface? (26) A. Truck company B. Brush company C. Engine company D. Special rescue company
Brush company
What should be used to clean natural fiber ropes?
Brush the rope do not use water
Which nonemergency exit technique may require a second team member to remain outside monitoring a search line?
Buddy system
Roofs that may fail early in a fire and are extremely dangerous to work under are roofs supported by: A: heavy weight slate or tiles B: lightweight composition shingles C: lightweight or engineered trusses D: heavy weight or mechanical trusses
C: lightweight or engineered trusses
Most Fire Deaths occur from
CO Poisoning
Extinguishers most effective in extinguishing class b and class c fires?
CO2 Extingiisher
Which of the following factors is a primary reason that firefighters should not create tactical ventilation openings in an uncoordinated manner? a. Can cause fire streams to have negative affect on fire b. May damage roof of structure by creating openings c. Creating openings does unnecessary damage to the structure d. Can spread fire to uninvolved areas
Can spread fire to uninvolved areas
This collapse occurs when one or more walls of a multistory building collapse leaving the floors attached to an supported by the remaining walls. Offers a good chance of habitable voids, but it is the most vulnerable to secondary collapse
Cantilever collapse
Which of the following should be used to force entry with a rotary saw on a high-security window? a. Aluminum oxide blade b. Large-tooth blade c. Carbide-tipped, medium-toothed blade d. Masonry blade
Carbide-tipped, medium-toothed blade
Extinguishers suitable for class B and C fires
Carbon Dioxide Extinguishers
What product of combustion is the most common product in structure fires? a. Carbon monoxide b. Thermal energy c. Hydrogen cyanide d. Toxic smoke
Carbon monoxide
What product of combustion is the most common product in structure fires? (215) A. Toxic smoke B. Thermal energy C. Hydrogen cyanide D. Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide
What two respiratory hazards are responsible for the majority of fire-related fatalities? a. Carbon monoxide and phosgene b. Phosgene and ammonia c. Hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen chloride d. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide
Carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide
What two respiratory hazards are responsible for the majority of fire-related fatalities? (285) A. Phosgene and ammonia B. Carbon monoxide and phosgene C. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide D. Hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen chloride
Carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide
What disease is the leading cause of firefighter fatalities, accounting for 45 percent of line of duty deaths
Cardiovascular
Obesity, tobacco use and lack of physical fitness are all non job related cuases of what disease
Cardiovascular Disease
Heat stress and smoke exposure contribute to what type of disease?
Cardiovascular disease
Which of the following are used to catch and carry debris or work as a water basin to immerse small burning objects? Select one: a. Salvage covers b. Dewatering devices c. Carryalls d. Sprinkler kits
Carryalls
Which of the following are used to catch and carry debris or work as a water basin to immerse small burning objects? (1111) A. Carryalls B. Sprinkler kits C. Salvage covers D. Dewatering devices
Carryalls
What type of movable window has a side-hinged sash, usually installed to swing outward? a. Double-hung b. Casement c. Horizontal sliding d. Single-hung
Casement
Which type of couplings are very weak and only found on occupant use fire hose. Often crack if reattchement to the hose is attempted
Cast Coupling
What building material is usually bolted or screwed?
Cast Iron
What building material stands up well to fire and intense heat, but may crack or shatter when rapidly cooled with water?
Cast iron
What are the 2 types of iron that can be found in buildings in North America?
Cast iron and Wrought
What a catch-all is used for
Catching Water
Signal Word for Low Toxicity
Caution (Yellow)
"The separation of a mass of soil or rock material from the side of an excavation or trench, or the loss of soil from under a trench shield or support system, and its sudden movement into the excavation, either by falling or sliding, in sufficient quantity so that it could entrap, bury, or otherwise injure and immobilize a person."
Cave-In
The slipping or non.development of the thrust produced by a boat's propeller.
Cavitations
fire service organizational principle is described as a formal line of authority?
Chain of command
Which of the following should be equipped with kickback protection and brakes for safety? a. Chain saw b. Reciprocating saw c. Rotary saw d. Circular saw
Chain saw
Which of the following should be equipped with kickback protection and brakes for safety? (586) A. Chain saw B. Rotary saw C. Circular saw D. Reciprocating saw
Chain saw
Which of the following is an emergency exit indicator? a. Changes in operational strategy b. Change in oxygen level c. Necessary to replace air cylinder d. Situation is stabilized
Change in oxygen level
Which of the following is MOST accurate about the care and maintenance of power equipment? a. Replace ground prong on three prong plugs b. Check electrical cords for damage c. Repair blades that are damaged or worn d. Ensure tools will start automatically
Check electrical cords for damage
Which of the following must be done before raising a ladder? a. Place the ladder flat on the ground. b. Wrap and tie the halyard. c. Check for overhead wires or electrical equipment. d. Secure the ladder.
Check for overhead wires or electrical equipment
First thing to do on the scene of an accident
Check victims for injuries
Type of damage to a fire hose that includes deterioration due to solvent action on synthetic materials and natural fibers.
Chemical Damage
What is the most common source of heat in combustion reactions? a. Chemical energy b. Radiant energy c. Mechanical energy d. Electrical energy
Chemical energy
What source of thermal energy is the most common source of heat in combustion reactions? a. Radiant energy b. Electrical energy c. Mechanical energy d. Chemical energy
Chemical energy
What source of thermal energy is the most common source of heat in combustion reactions? (217) A. Radiant energy B. Electrical energy C. Chemical energy D. Mechanical energy
Chemical energy
What suppression method uses extinguishing agents to stop flame production? a. Chemical flame inhibition b. Ventilation c. Oxygen exclusion d. Temperature reduction
Chemical flame inhibition
Which of the following BEST describes the method used by a firefighter heeling from outside the ladder. a. Slide leg over and behind a rung, rest weight on thigh. b. Chock butt end with one foot, grasp beams, and press ladder against building. c. Stand with feet shoulder-width apart, grasp beams at eye level, and pull backward. d. Place foot on bottom rung, grasp halyard, and rest weight against halyard rope.
Chock butt end with one foot, grasp beams,, and press ladder ahainst haylard rope.
Takes a long time to develop or requires exposure over a long period of time usually at low conentrations
Chronic
In the general population, respiratory diseases are typically caused by?
Cigarette Smoking
Which the following comes in small battery-powered units? a. Circular saw b. Rotary saw c. Chain saw d. Hacksaw
Circular saw
is the application of one material over another to provide a skin or layer
Cladding
Fires that involve Ordinary Combustibles such as paper, plastics, rubber, and wood
Class A Fires
Dry chemical wheeled units are similar to the handheld units but are larger, Which Class fires are they rated for?
Class A,B and C fires
Somewhat cohesive soil
Class B
Rating from 1B-640B; Rating is based on approximate square food of flammable liquid fire that a non-expert can extinguish
Class B Extinguisher Rating
Fires that involve Involve Flammable and Combustible Liquids and Gases such as Gasoline
Class B Fires
What portable fire extinguisher rating is based on the approximate square foot (square meter) area of flammable liquid a nonexpert operator can extinguish? (352) A. Class A rating B. Class B rating C. Class K rating D. Multiple markings
Class B rating
Sandy Soils, Gravel, wet soils
Class C
Fires caused by Energized Electrical Equipment
Class C Fires
What classification of portable fire extinguisher is used for fires that involve combustible metals and alloys? (341) A. Class A B. Class B C. Class D D. Class K
Class D
Fires involving combustible metals such as lithium and magnesium
Class D Fires
What type of webbing is rated for loads up to 600 pounds (2.67 k/N) and fastens around the waist and thighs or under buttocks?
Class II life safety webbing
What type of webbing is rated for loads up to 600 pounds (2.67 k/N) and fastens around the waist and thighs or under buttocks? (382) A. Utility webbing B. Class I life safety webbing C. Class II life safety webbing D. Class III life safety webbing
Class II life safety webbing
Fires that involve Combustible Cooking Oils
Class K Fires
Where should the blades of a saw be stored? a. On the ground to lower injury risk b. Open space for quick retrieval c. Placed in a closed area, but at eye level d. Clean and dry environment
Clean and dry environment
Where should the blades of a saw be stored? (593) A. Clean and dry environment B. Open space for quick retrieval C. On the ground to lower injury risk D. Placed in a closed area, but at eye level
Clean and dry environment
one way firefighters can reduce exposure to carcinogens present in fires?
Clean helmet liners
Use of plain language including certain standard words and phrases
Clear Text
What should be used to clean woven jacket fire hose?
Clear water with a stiff brush
which of the following described the best the technique for ascending a ladder with the least amount of bounce and sweat. a. Climb smoothly and rhythmically. b. Move hands and feet independently. c. Climb quickly, with precise movements. d. Straighten knees to quickly shift weight to each rung.
Climb smoothly and rhythmically
which of the following BEST describes the way to carry a roof ladder when using an extension ladder to access the roof? a. Shoulder the roof ladder 3-4 rungs from the tip while on the ground, then climb the extension ladder to the roof. b. Lift and slide the roof ladder onto the roof from the ground, then climb the extension ladder to deploy the roof ladder. c. Climb the extension ladder, shoulder the roof ladder 3-4 rungs from the tip, and carry the rest of the way to deploy on the roof pitch. d. Climb the extension ladder to the roof, then have another firefighter pass the roof ladder up from the ground.
Climb the extension ladder to the roof, shoulder the roof ladder 3-4 rungs from the tip, and carry the rest of the way to deploy on the roof pitch.
Essentially consists of two half hitch
Clove Hitch
Essentially consists of two half hitches. Used to attach rope to an object such as a pole, post or hoseline not appropriate for life safety
Clove Hitch
Which of the following commonly causes slips, trips, and falls in the fire station?
Cluttered surfaces
Open space between ceiling and underside of roof
Cockloft
Which of the following MAYDAY situations is MOST common when a structure has been on fire for an extended period of time or while it is under construction? a. Entanglement b. Lost/disoriented c. Air emergencies d. Collapse/trapped
Collapse/trapped
Which type of ladder is designed to be used as a self-supporting stepladder and as a single or extension ladder? (661) A. Roof ladder B. Straight ladder C. Extension ladder D. Combination ladder
Combination ladder
Which means of moving water is used by most communities? (788) A. Gravity system B. Pumpless system C. Combination system D. Direct pumping system
Combination system
A chemical process of oxidation that occurs at a fast enough process of oxidation that occurs at a rate fast enough to produce heat and usuallly ligth in the form of either a glow or flame.
Combustion
Liason, PIO, and Safety
Command Staff
What is the basic unit of fire fighting operations?
Company
What fire development factor is based on considering how the volume of air will impact radiated heat in a fire? a. Fuel type b. Availability and location of additional fuel c. Compartment volume and ceiling height d. Ambient conditions
Compartment volume and ceiling height
One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable conditions in the surroundings or in the working area that are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate such conditions.
Competent Person.
Material manufactured by combining two or more distinctly different materials
Composite Materials
Laminated timber, medium density fiberboard (MDF), and finger-jointed timber are all examples of what common building material? a. Metal b. Lath and plaster c. Composite material d. Plastic
Composite material
Which of the following BEST describes an extension ladder? a. Designed with hinged rungs that allow the ladder to be folded so that one beam rests against the other b. Comprised of a base section and one or more fly sections, can be adjusted to specific length needed c. Designed to be used as a self-supporting stepladder, equipped with positive locking devices d. Equipped with folding hooks that anchor the ladder over the ridge of a pitched roof
Comprised of a base section and one or more fly sections, can be adjusted to specific length ladder.
Which of the following BEST describes an extension ladder? (661) A. Equipped with folding hooks that anchor the ladder over the ridge of a pitched roof B. Designed to be used as a self-supporting stepladder, equipped with positive locking devices C. Comprised of a base section and one or more fly sections, can be adjusted to specific length needed D. Designed with hinged rungs that allow the ladder to be folded so that one beam rests against the other
Comprised of a base section and one or more fly sections, can be adjusted to specific length needed
Building material that may crack but usually retain most of their strength and basic structureal stability.
Concrete Blocks
Which of the following BEST describes a primary dangerous building condition? a. Conditions that permit occupants to safely escape b. Conditions that contribute to fire spread c. Conditions that suppress fire d. Conditions that allow tactical ventilation
Conditions that contribute to fire spread
What method of heat transfer occurs when a material is heated as the result of direct contact with a heat source? a. Convection b. Conduction c. Potential d. Radiation
Conduction
What method of heat transfer occurs when a material is heated as the result of direct contact with a heat source? (220) A. Potential B. Radiation C. Conduction D. Convection
Conduction
A space that has the following characteristics: (a) Is large enough and so configured that a person can enter and perform assigned work (b) Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (e.g., tanks, vessels, silos, storage bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits) (c) Is not designed for continuous human occupancy
Confined Space
This destructive force often caused by the lack of temporary lateral bracing or inadequate vertical shoring is know as
Construction Problems
- Implies direct physical contact with a hazardous substance - May be spread from a contaminated individual to others - A person who is contaminated is being exposed
Contamination
Which of the following BEST describes the factors respiratory equipment must be protected from during storage? a. Contamination, temperature changes, gas vapors b. Contamination, temperature changes, ultraviolet light c. Ultraviolet light, contamination d. Ultraviolet light, temperature changes
Contamination, temperature changes, ultraviolet light
Which nonemergency exit technique should be practiced in training until it is second nature?
Controlled breathing
Transfer of heat energy by movement of heated liquids or gases
Convection
What heat transfer method usually occurs through movement of hot smoke and fire gases? a. Potential b. Radiation c. Conduction d. Convection
Convection
Reducing the burning material below its ignition temperature
Cooling
What type of metal is found in wiring
Copper
Type of damage to firehose that includes rusting of metal couplings
Corrosion
What are examples of the DOT Class 8 Hazard Class?
Corrosive Substances (Sulfuric Acid, Acetic Acid, Hydrochloric Acid, Sodium Hydroxide, Potassium, Hydroxide
What part of the roof is exposed to weather? a. Decks b. Penetrations and openings c. Coverings d. Supports
Coverings
Which of the following BEST describes a benefit of starting fire attack and ventilation simultaneously? a. Creates more survivable conditions b. Allows news crews time to inform public c. May confirm witness reports d. Allows teams time to gather equipment
Creates more survivable conditions
Limiting the access of nonemergency personnel to the emergency scene?
Crowd Control
Which of the following are gases that turn into liquid at or below -130°F (-90°C) at 14.7 psi (101 kPa) {1.01 bar}? (1302) A. Cryogens B. Liquefied gases C. Frozen materials D. Elevated-temperature materials
Cryogens
The four categories of juvenile firesetters are as follows:
Curiosity/experimental 2. Troubled/crisis 3. Delinquent/criminal 4. pathological/emotionally disturbed
Non load bearing wall often of glass and steel, fixed to the outside of a building and serving especially as cladding.
Curtain Wall
Why may arched roofs prevent roof ladders from lying flat? a. Roof ladders too curved. b. Lack of curvature of the roof. c. Roof ladders too long. d. Curvature of the roof.
Curvature of the roof.
How are the grates removed from Vacant Protection Systems (VPS)? a. Make opening near lock with rotary saw b. Use a sharp tool and lift out of frame c. Break and pry up out of frame d. Cut mounting tabs or bolt heads off frame
Cut mounting tabs or bolt heads off frame
Removing materials or debris to free a victim
Cutting
4 Classes of Forcible Entry Tools
Cutting, Striking, Push/Pull, Prying
Mechanical ventilation methods using fans, blowers, and smoke ejectors can be applied to horizontal and vertical ventilation, but is most often used for: A:natural ventilation B: vertical ventilation C: hydraulic ventilation D: horizontal ventilation
D: Horizontal ventilation
For vertical ventilation to be effective, a horizontal inlet opening at or below the level of the fire is needed to provide a flow path for: A: flames to exit the structure B: for smoke to enter the structure C: for fresh air to exit the structure D: for fresh air to enter the structure
D: for fresh air to enter the structure
Signal Word for High Toxicity
Danger/Poison
What is the title of the shipping papers for Water transportation?
Dangerous Cargo Manifest
Which of the following BEST describes the influence of exposed surfaces on radiant heat? a. Creating a vacuum will stop radiant heat. b. Materials that reflect radiated energy help increase radiant heat. c. Temperature differences between the heat source and exposed surface have no impact. d. Dark materials emit and absorb heat more effectively than light materials.
Dark materials emit and absorb heat more effectively than light materials.
In what fire stage is structural collapse very likely?
Decay
What fire stage occurs as the fuel is consumed and oxygen concentration falls?
Decay
Which of the following limitations of respiratory protection is created by the weight and resistance of harness straps? a. Decreased mobility b. Decreased endurance c. Poor condition of apparatus d. Decreased ability to communicate
Decreased mobility
Which strategy is typically selected when property is not salvageable? (1006) A. Direct B. Indirect C. Offensive D. Defensive
Defensive
Which of the following BEST describes the purpose of personal protective equipment (PPE) a. Designed to minimize discomfort while at incident b. Designed to isolate firefighters during incident c. Designed to minimize risk of injury or fatality d. Designed to eliminate injuries
Designed to minimize risk of injury or fatality
Earthquakes, wind and floods are descriptions of____________
Destructive Forces
Of the three types of search tactics, Type I is which phase?
Detection
What is a cultural challenge in the fire service?
Differences of personal characteristics
Which spill control and confinement tactic involves applying water to a water-soluble material in order to reduce the hazard? Select one: a. Dilution b. Ventilation c. Adsorption d. Dissolution
Dilution
Refers to the straight line travel of radio signals between the antenna connected to the receiver
Direct Communication
In which type of fire attack is water applied directly onto burning fuels until the fire is extinguished? (1013) A. Gas cooling B. Direct attack C. Indirect attack D. Combination attack
Direct attack
What is the BEST action to take when approached by media while on- scene?
Direct the media to the Public Information Officer
Which of the following statements about inspecting ladders elements is MOST accurate? a. Ladder shoes should be smooth, with rounded or mitered edges. b. Wood ladders should be inspected for cracked welds. c. An extension ladder halyard cable should be slack when the ladder is in the bedded position. d. Discoloration of fiberglass ladders could indicate heat exposure.
Discoloration of fiberglass ladders could indicate heat exposure
Which of the following BEST describes the action first taken after an alert to the station? (101) A. Recording of incident information B. Processing of post incident paperwork C. Dispatching of emergency services responders D. Training of emergency responders for annual certification
Dispatching of emergency services responders
Which type of piping serve individual fire hydrants and commercial and residential consumers? Select one: a. Secondary feeders b. Primary feeders c. Control valves d. Distributors
Distributors
Chief who supervises a group of fire companies and stations
District/Battalion Chief
Which of the following fire service organizational principles works to prevent duplication of effort? (33) A. Span of control B. Division of labor C. Unity of command D. Chain of command
Division of labor
Proper way to carry a Power Saw
Don't Carry Running, Blade away from you
Which of the following consists of a frame-mounted plate with a shaft and knob and hinged u-shaped shackle that mounts on the door? a. Surface bolts b. Drop bars c. Door limiter d. Padlocks
Door limiter
4 Different Types of Windows
Double hung, Projected, Hinged, Jalousie
Life safety rope that has been converted to utility rope is referred to as?
Downgraded
Allows you to draw water from a static source, such as a pond
Drafting
Which of the following is used to lock single or double-swinging doors? a. Surface bolt b. Chain lock c. Drop bar d. Door limiter
Drop bar
Extinguishing Agent suitable for use on combustible metal fires
Dry Powder Extinguishers
Which type of fire hydrants are designed for use in climates that have freezing temperatures? (795) A. Dry-barrel hydrants B. Wet-barrel hydrants C. Cold-weather hydrants D. Warm-weather hydrants
Dry-barrel hydrants
What are th emost common passive agents in building construction?
Drywall or gypsum board
Which of the following is inserted into a lock shackle and struck with a maul or flat-head axe until the padlock shackles break? a. Duck-billed lock breaker b. Rambar c. Pick axe d. Halligan tool
Duck-billed lock breaker
Which of the following is generally located near the actual fire or incident? (801) A. Fill site B. Dump site C. Relay apparatus D. Pumping apparatus
Dump site
Which of the following BEST describes when an SCBA cylinder needs to be replaced?
During inspection if cylinder contains less than 90% of capacity
Rope used when long falls are a possibility, such as tower rescue operations
Dynamic
Emergency alert feature that if activated sends a signal to the agency's dispatch center
Dynamic Regrouping
Rope designed to stretch under load, reducing the shock of impact after a fall
Dynamic Rope
Rope designed to stretch under load, reducing the shock of impact after a fall.
Dynamic Rope
The smaller the dimensions of the wood, the ______ it is to ignite and the faster it will loose structureal integrity.
Easier
Designed to prevent damage to rope as it is pulled over sharp or abrasive edges
Edge Roller
The time frame in which the electrical potential is completely lost in the electrical circuit.
Electrical Drain Time
Which of the following respiratory hazards causes superheated air to damage the respiratory tract? a. Elevated temperatures b. Particulate contaminants c. Oxygen levels d. Gases and vapors
Elevated temperatures
What fire service trends of change means that fire departments must provide some type of First Responder Care?
Emergency Medical Services
What organization that may be an agency of the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) or privately owned?
Emergency Medical Services
A Blitz or Hasty Team is part of a ______ .
Emergency Response
Program to help employees and their families with work or personal problems?
Employee Assistance Program (EAP)
Which of the following SCBA components warns when the system is reaching 20-25% of cylinder capacity? a. End-of-service-time indicators b. Universal air coupling c. Nose cup d. Remote pressure gauge
End-of-service-time indicators
What type of reaction absorbs energy as it occurs? a. Endothermic b. Kinetic c. Exothermic d. Potential
Endothermic
Capacity to perform work; occurs when a force is applied to an object over a distance or when a chemical, biological or physical transformation is made in a substance
Energy
Capacity to perfrom work?
Energy
Which of the following is a reason that modern construction may tend to contain fires for longer periods of time? a. Smaller lot sizes b. Energy efficient designs c. Use of real wood and granite finishings d. Increased fire load of decorative items
Energy efficient designs
Which of the following is a reason that modern construction may tend to contain fires for longer periods of time? (736) A. Smaller lot sizes B. Energy efficient designs C. Increased fire load of decorative items D. Use of real wood and granite finishings
Energy efficient designs
Which fire and life safety program component includes investigating the cause of fires, documenting results, and providing law enforcement agencies with findings?
Enforcement
What type of company performs fire suppression duties at structure, vehicle, wildland, and other types of fires?
Engine company
What type of company performs fire suppression duties at structure, vehicle, wildland, and other types of fires? (26) A. Truck company B. Brush company C. Engine company D. Special rescue company
Engine company
The surrounding and effective capture of a person by a fluid (e.g., liquid, finely divided particulate) substance that can be aspirated to cause death by filling or plugging the respiratory system or that can exert enough force on the body to cause death by strangulation, constriction, or crushing.
Engulfment.
Which of the following safety precautions taken when refilling SCBA prevents it from overheating? a. Fill cylinder slowly b. Visually inspect for damage c. Ensure cylinder is completely full but not overpressurized d. Don eye and hearing protection
Ensure cylinder is completely full but not overpressurized
A written or printed document, established by an employer, for non-rescue entry into confined spaces.
Entry Permit.
Which incident command system (ICS) haz mat position supervises all companies and personnel operating in the hazardous area? (1416) A. Entry Team Leader B. Site Access Control Leader C. Safe Refuge Area Manager D. Hazardous Materials Branch Director
Entry Team Leader
type of equipment may wear out more quickly
Equipment used for training
Which of the following types of rope is intended for self-rescue situations? a. Life safety rope b. Water rescue rope c. Escape rope d. Utility rope
Escape rope
Which of the following types of rope is intended for self-rescue situations? (371) A. Utility rope B. Escape rope C. Life safety rope D. Water rescue rope
Escape rope
Which of the following BEST describes the second step taken when a collapse appears to be imminent? a. Look for walls that appear to be leaning b. Establish a command post c. Look for loose bricks d. Establish a clear collapse zone
Establish a clear collapse zone
Which of the following BEST describes actions included in incident stabilization? (1415-1416) A. Prevent all contamination B. Protect all property at incident C. Establish scene perimeters and minimize property damage D. Minimize property damage and spread liquids to other areas
Establish scene perimeters and minimize property damage
Which types of hazards are microorganisms that cause severe illness or disease? (1309) A. Chemical hazards B. Etiological hazards C. Asphyxiant hazards D. Radiological hazards
Etiological hazards
When a reported problem is unconfirmed or seems likely to resolve itself, a ______ response occurs.
Evaluative
The 16 Firefighter Life Safety Initiatives are also known as
Everyone Goes Home
"Any man?made cut, cavity, trench, or depression in an earth surface, formed by the removal of earth."
Excavation
Which part of the facepiece assembly releases exhaled air without admitting in the contaminated outside atmosphere? (292) A. Nose cup B. Exhalation valve C. Facepiece frame D. Speaking diaphragm
Exhalation valve
What type of reaction releases energy in the form of heat and sometimes light? a. Exothermic b. Potential c. Kinetic d. Endothermic
Exothermic
Chemical reaction that releases thermal energy or heat
Exothermic Reaction
What are examples of the DOT Class 1 Hazard Class?
Explosive, Blasting Agent
What contributes to the common types of respiratory diseases for which firefighters are at risk?
Exposure to smoke and chemicals
Requests from the public for both emergency and nonemergency assistance?
External Communications
Citizens of the service area protected by the organization
External Customers
Type of harm that includes: Affecting or damages the outer tissues?
External Harm
Coupling that are usually made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, allowing for their lightweight and high strengt.
Extruded
Dry-barrel hydrants are designed to have water inside them at all times. Select one: True False
F
Fire hydrant locations are generally determined by the fire department. Select one: True False
F
Regulates all radio Communcation in the United States
FCC - Federal Communications Commission
Soot can reduce visibility on what piece of protective breathing apparatus? a. Hoses b. Low-pressure alarm c. Regulator d. Facepiece
Facepiece
Which piece of protective breathing apparatus has the frame checked weekly for deterioration, dirt, and cracks?* a. Breathing air cylinder assembly b. Hoses c. Facepiece d. Backplate and harness assembly
Facepiece
Which part of the facepiece assembly is made of clear safety plastic and mounted in a flexible rubber frame? a. Speaking diaphragm b. Exhalation valve c. Facepiece frame d. Nose cup
Facepiece frame
Which part of the facepiece assembly is made of clear safety plastic and mounted in a flexible rubber frame? (292) A. Nose cup B. Exhalation valve C. Facepiece frame D. Speaking diaphragm
Facepiece frame
What method should be used when lowering a unconsious victim down a ladder?
Facing away from the ladder, Victim's body rests on the rescuers supporting knee, with feet placed outside rails to prevent entanglement.
_____ is/are the most common hazard of a rope rescue. Select one: a. Head injuries b. Pinch hazards c. Rope overloading d. Falls
Falls
A trench cut is used to create a fire break that increases the spread of fire in a common attic structures or large structures. Select one: True False
False
After a MAYDAY transmission, the rescue intervention crew or team (RIC/RIT) should first gather needed equipment. (T/F)
False
After locating the downed firefighter, the first priority of the rescue intervention crew or team (RIC/RIT) is usually to stabilize injuries. (T/F)
False
Atmosphere-supplying respirators (ASRs) only filter particulates out of ambient air. (T/F)
False
Effective safety and health programs depend only on participation from department administrators (T/F)
False
Firefighters should never stand on or in a moving apparatus, no exceptions (T/F)
False
Heated gypsum may crack and shatter when struck by a cold fire stream. (T/F)
False
Most occupants will need assistance when evacuating a structure. (T/F)
False
Staff personnel deliver emergency services directly to external customers. T/F
False
Structural collapse does not occur without a warning. (T/F)
False
T/F Company-level preincident surveys are generally confucted on occupied private residence
False
The best entry point into a burning building is to force entry through windows. Select one: True False
False
The incipient stage is when the fire begins to influence the compartment environment. T/F
False
The ladder tip is secured and the foot anchored only during training, when the ladder may be used for repeated exercises. Select one: True False
False
The pumping mechanism for hydraulic prying tools can only be powered. Select one: True False
False
The triangle cut ventilation hole provides the least reliable information of conditions beneath the roof. Select one: True False
False
There are two parts of rope used when tying a knot. (T/F)
False
There is no standard that regulates requirements for life safety rope (T/F)
False
To climb a ladder smoothly, the right hand and foot move together, then the left hand and foot. Select one: True False
False
To exit a building, turn in the same direction you entered a room. (T/F)
False
Ultimate responsibility for size-up rests with the first arriving officer on-scene. (T/F)
False
Unprotected engineered steel and wood trusses can fail after three minutes of exposure to fire. (T/F)
False
True and false: the triangle cut ventilation hole provides the least reliable information of conditions beneath the roof.
False: provides the most reliable
True or false: A trench cut is used to create a fire break that increases the spread of fire in a common attic structures or large structures.
False: that stops the spread
Which of the following are critical to a water shuttle? (801) A. Extra-large portable tanks B. Adequate supplies of hoseline C. Fast-fill and fast-dump capabilities D. Newest model of pumping apparatus
Fast-fill and fast-dump capabilities
Which of the following regulates all radio communication in the United States? (109) A. Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) B. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) C. National Fire Incident Reporting System (NFIRS) D. Emergency Service Specific Telecommunications Center
Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
NIMS-ICS is required of all state, tribal, and local organizations receiving: (1419) A. grant money. B. property taxes. C. state assistance. D. Federal preparedness assistance.
Federal preparedness assistance.
How should conscious victims be lowered down a ladder?
Feet first (facing the building)
Which type of ladder can burn when exposed to flame?
Fiberglass
Which of the following statements about ladder materials is MOST accurate? a. Wood ladders conduct heat, cold and electricity. b. Aluminum ladders are heat-resistant. c. Fiberglass ladders can suddenly crack and fail if overloaded. d. Fiberglass ladders are the least expensive fire service ladders.
Fiberglass ladders can suddenly crack and fail if overloaded.
Which type of knot can be used as a stopper knot so rope will not pass through a rescue pulley? a. Figure-eight b. Bowline c. Handcuff d. Becket bend
Figure-eight
A rapid oxidation process which is a chemical reaction resulting in the volution of light and heat in varying intensities
Fire
Rapid chemical chain reaction that gives off energy and products of combustion
Fire
What does FDC stand for
Fire Department Connection
Which position in the fire service is responsible for supervising a fire company?
Fire Department Officer
Personnel who monitor operational safety at emergency incidents. May be assigned to any qualified fire officer during the incident. Duties are assigned in NFPA 1521
Fire Dept Incident Safety Officer
Portable fire fighting device designed to combat incipient fires
Fire Extinguisher
Rating assigned to a material or assembly after standardized testing by an independent testing organization; identifies the amount of time a material or assembly will resist a typical fire, as measured on a standard time-temperature curve.
Fire Resistance Rating
Solid materials,such as wood blocks, used to prevent or limit the vertical and horizontal spread of fire and the products of combustion in hollow walls or floors, above false ceilings, in penetrations for plmbing or electrical installations, in penetrations of a fire rated assembly, or i cocklofts and crawl spaces.
Fire Stop
What are the two models used to explain the elements of fire and how fires can be extinguished?
Fire Triangle and Fire Tetrahedron
What staff position is responsible for maintaining municipal fire alarm systems according to the requirements of NFPA® 72?
Fire alarm maintenance personnel
position belonging to the fire prevention division?
Fire and Arson Investigator
What position is trained in the operation of aerial devices according to the requirements of NFPA® 1002?
Fire apparatus driver
Which of the following is a building indicator for a possible backdraft? a. Optically dense smoke b. Fire confined to a void space c. Turbulent smoke discharge d. Little or no visible flame
Fire confined to a void space
What position is responsible for monitoring operational safety according to the requirements of NFPA® 1521?
Fire department incident safety officer
What type of door protects openings in fire-rate walls? a. Solid-core door b. Hollow-core door c. Fire door d. Metal door
Fire door
Search priorities of floors in order of importance
Fire floor, floor above, floor below
Which of the following are the most dependable water source for firefighters? (793) A. Water mains B. Fire hydrants C. Private water supplies D. Alternative water supplies
Fire hydrants
Which of the following may occur if the effects of horizontal ventilation are disturbed? a. Structure becomes unpressurized b. Fire intensity increases c. Air currents are established d. Oxygen concentration decreases
Fire intensity increases
What is one way that fire service ladders are different from ladders for private industry use? a. Fire service ladders are designed for lighter loads. b. Fire service ladders mount differently on racks. c. Fire service ladders differ in construction, shape, and design. Incorrect d. Fire service ladders provide a greater margin of safety.
Fire service ladders provide a greater margin of safety.
Which of the following is a factor that reduces effectiveness of vertical ventilation? a. Trench cuts too small b. Personnel working ahead of the fire c. Fire streams directed into ventilation openings d. Improper location of the horizontal ventilation opening
Fire streams directed into ventilation openings
Reverse Lay
Fire to water
What is the scalar organizational Structure based on rank in order?
Firefighter EMT Driver/Operator Lieutenant Captain Battalion Chief Assistant Chief Deputy Chief Chief
What groups does an Employee Assistance Program offer assistance to?
Firefighters and their families
Which of the following BEST illustrates a safety guideline for handling ladders? a. Firefighters should wear a full body harness and safety line when training on ladders. b. Ladders may not be raised within 35 feet (11 m) of electrical wires or equipment. c. Firefighters should minimize training on ladders to reduce the chance of personal injury. d. Ladders should never be tied to structures or any other object that may restrict their movement.
Firefighters should wear a full body harness and safety line when training on ladders
Which fire behavior indicator provides visual indicators such as the size and location of the fire? a. Flame b. Smoke c. Heat d. Air flow
Flame
In what mode of combustion is a visible flame produced?
Flaming
Combustion Referred to as fire because it produces a visible flame above the materials surface?
Flaming Combustion
Occurs when a gaseous fuel mixes with oxygen in the correct ratio and is heated to ignition temperature
Flaming Combustion
What are examples of the DOT Class 2 Hazard Class?
Flammable Gas, Non-Flammable Gas, Inhalation Hazard, Oxygen Toxic gases
What are examples of the DOT Class 3 Hazard Class?
Flammable liquids and combustible liquids
Minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapors to ignite but not sustain combustion
Flash Point
Which of the following terms is the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapors to ignite, but still not sustain combustion? a. Pressure point b. Vapor point c. Flash point d. Fire point
Flash point
Transition between growth and fully developed stages
Flashover
What type of rapid fire development happens when all the combustible materials and gases in a compartment ignite almost simultaneously?
Flashover
What roof type is frequently penetrated by chimneys, shafts and skylights? a. Pitched b. Flat c. Arched d. Shed
Flat
What type of webbing is mainly used for straps and harness? a. Flat webbing b. Life safety webbing c. Tubular webbing d. Utility webbing
Flat webbing
Which webbing is stiffer and more difficult to tie into knots
Flat webbing
What building component's construction varies depending on its level?
Floor/Ceiling
Which type of ladder has hinged rungs that allow the ladder to be folded so that one beam rests against the other, allowing it to be carried in narrow passageways? (661) A. Roof ladder B. Folding ladder C. Extension ladder D. Combination ladder
Folding ladder
Which type of ladder has hinged rungs that allowable ladder to be folded so that one beam rests rests against the other, allowing it to be carried in narrow passageways? a. Combination ladder b. Folding ladder c. Extension ladder d. Roof ladder
Folding ladder
What component of emergency medical protective clothing may be dual certified for use in the station as well? a. Face protection device b. Facemask c. Utility gloves d. Footwear
Footwear
Which of the following BEST describes when SARs are used? a. For confined space rescues and technical rescue incidents b. For assessing industrial accidents c. For emergency medical incidents d. For working with particulate-producing tools
For confined space rescues and technical rescue incidents
Which of the following statements about forcible entry is MOST accurate? a. Forcible entry should only be used in structural buildings. b. Forcible entry can be used even when normal means of access are available. c. Forcible entry will cause significant damage even done properly. d. Forcible entry causes minimal damage when applied properly.
Forcible entry will cause significant damage even done properly.
Which of the following statements about forcible entry is MOST accurate? (573-574) A. Forcible entry should only be used in structural buildings. B. Forcible entry causes minimal damage when applied properly. C. Forcible entry will cause significant damage even done properly. D. Forcible entry can be used even when normal means of access are available.
Forcible entry will cause significant damage even done properly.
What building component is designed to support the weight of a building and all its contents?
Foundation
What part of the window is composed of a sill, side jamb, and head jamb? a. Head b. Frame c. Sash d. Pane
Frame
Which of the following reduces the volume and pressure of water available from hydrants? (793) A. Friction loss B. Pressure loss C. Water hammer D. Pressure decline
Friction loss
The total quantity of combustible contents of a building, space or fire area is referred to as the?
Fuel load
What method of fire suppression is the simplest? a. Oxygen exclusion b. Chemical flame inhibition c. Temperature reduction d. Fuel removal
Fuel removal
Which of the following fire development factors affects heat release rate? a. Fuel type b. Ventilation c. Compartment volume and ceiling height d. Availability and location of additional fuel
Fuel type
What are the elements necessary to create fire in the model represented by the fire triangle?
Fuel, oxygen, heat
What form of compartment fire is controlled by the availability of oxygen and the configuration of fuel? a. Fuel-controlled b. Base controlled c. Ventilation-controlled d. Uncontrolled
Fuel-controlled
Which of the following should be done before and after using a saw? a. Replace blade b. Check RPM c. Tighten blade spindle d. Full inspection
Full inspection
What stage of fire development occurs when all the combustible materials in a compartment are burning?
Fully Developed
Which type of radiation has no mass and electric charge? (1303) A. Alpha B. Beta C. Gamma D. Neutron
Gamma
What type of fuel can be the most dangerous of all the types?
Gaseous
What type of fuel can be the most dangerous of all the types? (225) A. Solid B. Liquid C. Gaseous D. Chemical
Gaseous
Valve Used to control flow from a hydrant
Gate Valve
Valves that have a baffle that is moved by handles and screw management
Gate Valves
Operations, Finance/Administration, Planning and logistics
General Staff
Which of the following is the BEST way to perform a quick visual survey of conditions while on the fire floor? a. Get low to the floor b. Follow a systematic search pattern c. Control egress passageways d. Start searches as far from the fire as possible
Get low to the floor
Which of the following is more commonly found in wildland fires? Select one: a. Glass b. Bottles c. Chemicals d. Lighters
Glass
What type of door may be required by building codes to be constructed of tempered material that resists breakage? a. Metal door b. Glass door c. Panel door d. Fire door
Glass door
System for determining position on the Earths surface by calculating the difference in time for the sginal from a number of satellites to reach a receiver on the ground
Global Positioning System (GPS)
What part of wildland personal protective equipment (PPE) must meet the requirements of ANSI Z87.1? a. Goggles b. Gloves c. Trousers d. Jackets
Goggles
Which section of the ERG shows Initial Isolation and Protection Action Distances
Green Pages
Class A Fire extinguisher Symbol
Green Triangle
A slow-moving, smoldering fire that burns dead organic matter on the soil in forested areas is called a _____ fire.
Ground
Plywood or similar material used to distribute weight around a trench operation.
Ground Pads
Functional designation in ICS
Group
Material also known as drywall or sheetrock, inorganic product from which plaster and wallboards are constructed
Gypsum
Which of the following building materials absorbs heat as moisture evaporates? a. Reinforced concrete b. Metal c. Gypsum d. Lath and plaster
Gypsum
Material that have a high water content and are used to shield structural steel elements
Gypsum Boards
Which of the following is designed to resist breaching using forcible entry tools? a. Gypsum walls with Lexan® b. Lath and plaster walls with wooden frame c. Wooden walls with metal studs d. Metal walls with metal frame
Gypsum walls with Lexan®
What does lumber of smaller dimensions need to be protected by to increase its resistance to heat or fire
Gypsum, drywall or other insulation
Which of the following is a common handsaw? a. Circular saw b. Chain saw c. Reciprocating saw d. Hacksaw
Hacksaw
Knot typically used to stabilize long objects that are being hoisted; always used in conjunction with another knot
Half-Hitch
Which of the following can be nested together for tool combinations? a. Power saw and handsaw b. Halligan tool and flat-head axe c. Maul and sledgehammer d. Pike pole and hook
Halligan tool and flat-head axe
Which of the following can be nested together for tool combinations? (593) A. Pike pole and hook B. Maul and sledgehammer C. Power saw and handsaw D. Halligan tool and flat-head axe
Halligan tool and flat-head axe
How tight should couplings be tighned to avoid damage to the coupling and gasket?
Hand Tight
Which type of knot can be used to secure a victim's hands or feet to drag the victim to safety? a. Figure-eight b. Handcuff c. Becket bend d. Bowline
Handcuff
Which type of knot can be used to secure a victim's hands or feet to drag the victim to safety? (388) A. Bowline B. Handcuff C. Figure-eight D. Becket bend
Handcuff
Which size fire stream flows 40 to 350 gpm (160 L/min to 1 400 L/min)? (950) A. Master stream B. Handline stream C. Low-volume stream D. High-volume stream
Handline stream
Name of hose used for drafting operations
Hard Sleeve hose
Which of the following is MOST accurate about using a rotary saw to breach a metal wall? a. Only use conventional tools b. Cut the smallest square possible to prevent further damage c. Have charged hoseline available in case of sparks d. Leave the utilities on in the structure
Have charged hoseline available in case of sparks
Any atmosphere that could expose personnel to the risk of death, incapacitation, injury, acute illness, or impairment of the ability to self-rescue, due to one or more of the following causes: (a) Flammable gas, vapor, or mist in excess of 10 percent of its lower flammable limit (LFL) (b) Airborne combustible dust at a concentration that meets or exceeds its LFL (c) Atmospheric oxygen concentration below 19.5 percent or above 23.5 percent (d) Atmospheric concentration of any hazardous substance that could result in exposure to personnel in excess of its dose or permissible exposure limit (PEL) (e) Any other atmospheric condition that is immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH)
Hazardous Atmosphere for Confined Space
Any atmosphere that is oxygen deficient, contains a toxic or disease-producing contaminant, or is potentially explosive. A hazardous atmosphere could be immediately dangerous to life and health, but not necessarily
Hazardous Atmosphere.
Any chemical which is a physical or a health hazard to employes?
Hazardous Chemicals
A substance or material which has been determined by the Secretary of Transportation to be capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety and property when transported
Hazardous Materials
Condition substance or device that can directly cause injury or loss; the source of a risk
Hazzard
What part of structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE) is worn when noise exceeds maximum noise exposure levels? a. Protective hoods b. Personal alert safety systems c. Protective coats d. Hearing protection devices
Hearing protection devices
Which fire behavior indicator provides visual indicators such as blistering paint or crazed glass? a. Flame b. Heat c. Smoke d. Air flow
Heat
Which of the following terms is the total amount of energy released when a specific amount of fuel is burned? a. Chemical energy b. Heat of combustion c. Heat release rate d. Thermal energy
Heat of combustion
Which of the following statements about heat sensor labels is MOST accurate? a. Heat sensors are required on all wood ladders. b. Heat sensors are placed near the second rung from the base of the ladder. c. Heat sensors are preset to change color at 300° F (149° C). d. Heat sensors are required only on the bed section of extension ladders.
Heat sensors are preset to change color at 300F
Buildings with tilt-up and precast structural members are examples of
Heavy Frame Construction
What part of structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE) is intended for use in combination with a primary form of eye protection? a. SCBA facepieces b. Goggles c. Helmet-mounted faceshields d. Safety glasses
Helmet-mounted faceshields
What part of structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE) prevents scalding water and embers from reaching the ears and neck?
Helmets
What part of structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE) prevents scalding water and embers from reaching the ears and neck? (264) A. Helmets B. Wristlets C. Protective coats D. Eye protection devices
Helmets
What is the BEST reason for removing contents from a structure during salvage procedures? (1107) A. Allow better water access B. Allow more items to be accounted for after the fire incident C. Help protect them from further primary or potential secondary damage D. Make owner/occupant aware contents should be secured when removed from the structure
Help protect them from further primary or potential secondary damage
Notch on lugs of fire hose couplings
Higby Notch
Rounded head on both ends and bolted manhole at the rear, Carries products that have been liquefied by compression that may included propane, butane and anhydrous ammonia. Also has guard cage around the bottom loading / unloading piping
High Pressure Liquefied Gas Tanker (MC 331)
Which of the following is a heat indicator of a possible flashover? a. Bi-directional movement in smoke b. Darkened windows c. Darkening smoke d. High velocity and turbulent air flow
High velocity and turbulent air flow
Way to determine which way a door swings by looking at it
Hinges
Which of the following BEST describes what vapor pressure indicates? a. What direction a substance will take when released from a container b. What form the substance will take in a container c. How long it takes a substance to evaporate d. How easily a substance will evaporate
How easily a substance will evaporate
Which of the following is made of laminated glass and advanced polymer? a. Horizontal sliding windows b. High-security windows c. HUD (Department of Housing and Urban Development) windows d. Hurricane windows
Hurricane windows
Type of building construction that uses renewable, environmentally friendly or recycled materials. Also known as Natural or Green Construction
Hybrid Construction
Which of the following respiratory hazards targets the heart and brain? a. Nonfire gases and vapors b. Hydrogen cyanide c. Airborne pathogens d. Carbon monoxide
Hydrogen cyanide
Testing method that uses water under pressure to check the integrity of pressure vessels
Hydrostatic Test
Environment that is immeidiately dangerous to life and health
IDLH
Which of the following types of special protective clothing requires a personal flotation device? a. Proximity fire fighting b. Ice rescue c. Technical rescue d. Hazardous materials
Ice rescue
What are Awareness members limited to performing?
Identifying, Isolate, Mitigate and stand by a safe distance
Was designated the state emergency response commission SERC on January 27, 1987?
Illinois Emergency Management Agency (IEMA)
What does IDLH stand for?
Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health
Dynamic and sudden load placed on a rope, typically during a fall
Impact load
What type of damage must be recorded in the rope log because it cannot be detected by inspections? a. Impact loading incidents b. Exposure to chemical vapors c. Exposure to direct flame d. Sustained load incidents
Impact loading incidents
What typically causes back injuries and strains associated with fire stations and facilities
Improper Lifting
Which of the following BEST describes a common cause of firefighter injury during victim removal? a. Aggravating spinal injury b. Improper lifting technique c. Jostling of head and neck d. Heat exhaustion
Improper lifting technique
Standardized approach to incident management that facilitates interaction between cooperating agencies, adaptable to incidents of any size or type
Incident Command System (ICS)
Makes decisions about how to extinguish the fire
Incident Commander
Which of the following personnel determines if ventilation is necessary? a. Senior firefighter b. Battalion chief c. Incident Commander d. Any firefighter can make the determination
Incident Commander
Which of the following personnel determines where to perform forcible entry? a. Incident Commander b. Fire Chief c. Firefighter d. Safety Officer
Incident Commander
Which of the following personnel determines where to perform forcible entry? (574) A. Fire Chief B. Firefighter C. Safety Officer D. Incident Commander
Incident Commander
standardized approach to incident management developed by the Department of Homeland Security.
Incident Management System
Which of the following should a firefighter sign in with before entry into an immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH) area? a. Rapid intervention crew or team (RIC/RIT) b. Incident Safety Officer c. Team leader d. Supervisor
Incident Safety Officer
Who makes the decision to make entry? (1011) A. Safety officer B. Incident commander C. First-arriving firefighter D. Rapid intervention crew
Incident commander
In what stage is fire development largely dependent on the characteristics and configuration of the fuel involved? a. Growth b. Decay c. Fully Developed d. Incipient
Incipient
Starts with ignition when the three elements of the fire triangle come together and the combustion process begins. At this point the fire is small and confined to the material first ignited
Incipient Stage
4 Stages of Fire in a compartment
Incipient(ignition), Growth, Fully Developed, Decay
What type of drag enables a rescuer to move the victim up or down a stairway or incline.
Incline Drag
what's something a FF I can take to help locate children at risk of becoming juvenile firesetters?
Include juvenile firesetter information in presentations and fire station tours
What was the result of the Cocoanut Grove Nightclub Fire, Boston, Massachusetts (1942)?
Increased fire and life safety requirements in assembly-type occupancies
Which of the following factors have a bearing on deciding where to ventilate? a. Number of bystanders b. Indications of potential structural collapse c. Cost of ventilation operations d. Availability of rehabilitation facilities
Indications of potential structural collapse
What are the 4 routes for hazardous materials to enter the body?
Inhalation Absorption Ingestion Injection
Any time the surface of the skin is broken is classified what in Hazardous materials?
Injection
In a structure fire, what part of the flow path is an open doorway? a. Outlet vent b. Upper vent c. Inlet vent d. Lower vent
Inlet vent
What thermal property of a compartment contains heat within the compartment, causing localized increase in temperature? a. Insulation b. Passive agents c. Heat reflectivity d. Retention
Insulation
Following a strict ethical code and doing the right thing simply because it is right, not because it is required. - Doing the right thing even when no one else is watching
Integrity
Anything that may prevent the receiver from completely understanding the message
Interference
Which of the following can change a building's layout? Select one: a. Size-up b. Preincident surveys c. Personal observations d. Interior alterations
Interior alterations
Which of the following has one or two panels that slide into an adjacent wall? a. Interior pocket door b. Hide-away door c. Boston door d. Exterior patio door
Interior pocket door
Messages transmitted within the fire dept and between the dept and other agencies during emergencies
Internal Communciations
Employees and membership of the organization
Internal Customers
Type of harm that includes: Affecting the internal organs?
Internal Harm
Ability of two or more systems or components to exchange information and use the information that has been exchanged
Interoperability
Machine that turns AC power into DC power
Invertor
Which of the following is a combination of a flat-head axe and Halligan tool? a. Shove knife b. Irons c. Truck set d. Strongback
Irons
Which of the following is a combination of aflat-head axe and Halligan tool? (591) A. Irons B. Truck set C. Shove knife D. Strongback
Irons
Which chemical hazards cause temporary but sometimes severe inflammation to eyes, skin, or the respiratory system? (1309) A. Irritants B. Corrosives C. Convulsants D. Carcinogens
Irritants
Which of the following are used to isolate sections for maintenance and repair? (791) A. Control valves B. Primary valves C. Isolation valves D. Secondary valves
Isolation valves
Which of the following BEST describes how understanding heat transfer can help firefighters? a. It can help estimate the size of a fire after attack. b. It allows firefighters to look for rapid fire behaviors. c. It teaches firefighters how to avoid rapid fire behaviors. d. It can help estimate the size of a fire before attack.
It allows firefighters to look for rapid fire behaviors.
Which of the following BEST describes why the liner should never be removed from a protective coat? a. It allows less restrictive movement during incident. b. It traps insulating air close to the body. c. It compromises the design and increases the likelihood of injuries. d. It increases direct flame contact exposure.
It compromises the design and increases the likelihood of injuries.
Which of the following BEST describes why the liner should never be removed from a protective coat? (266) A. It traps insulating air close to the body. B. It increases direct flame contact exposure. C. It allows less restrictive movement during incident. D. It compromises the design and increases the likelihood of injuries.
It compromises the design and increases the likelihood of injuries.
Which of the following BEST describes the impact of an extinguishing agent when trying to extinguish flaming combustion? a. It forms an unstable product. b. It burns more oxygen in a short amount of time. c. It interferes with the chemical reaction. d. It speeds the combustion reaction.
It interferes with the chemical reaction.
Which of the following can be the result of rapidly cooling cast iron with water? a. It may gain tensile strength. b. It may crack or shatter. c. It may lose small portions from the surface. d. It may elongate as much as 4 inches (100 mm).
It may crack or shatter.
Which of the following is the BEST reason firefighters should not move objects during a search? a. It may disorient them during a search. b. It might change the ventilation needs of the structure. c. It can cause occupants to become confused. d. It could create more fire fuel.
It may disorient them during a search.
Which of the following BEST describes kinetic energy transfer? a. It does not move at all. b. It moves from high-temperature to low-temperature substances. c. It moves from low-temperature to high-temperature substances. d. It moves from one substance to another, no matter what the temperature.
It moves from high-temperature to low-temperature substances.
Which of the following BEST describes the complete oxidation of methane? a. It produces carbon dioxide and water. b. It produces carbon dioxide. c. It produces oxygen and water. d. It produces water.
It produces carbon dioxide and water.
Which of the following BEST describes how understanding the physical science of fire can help firefighters? a. It translates into practical knowledge of fire behavior. b. It keeps radiant heat from igniting fuel. c. It helps in stopping rapid fire behavior from developing. d. It keeps flaming combustion from beginning.
It translates into practical knowledge of fire behavior.
Type of Forcible entry tool that works on panic Hardware
J tool
Which of the following movable windows includes a large number of narrow overlapping glass sections that swing outward? a. Projecting b. Pivoting c. Awning d. Jalousie
Jalousie
The measure for energy is ?
Joules
Type of Forcible entry tool that works on the rim or cylinder
K Tool
Which of the following is a way to prevent accidents with power saws? (76) A. Use whatever saw is most convenient B. Refuel gasoline-powered saws immediately C. Store blades and cutting chains separately D. Keep blades and cutting chains well sharpened
Keep blades and cutting chains well sharpened
a way to prevent accidents with power saws?
Keep blades and cutting chains well sharpened
Rope construction that is used for life safety rope while all other types of rope are used for utility ropes
Kernmantle Construction
For which of the following types of rope are soft spots possible signs of damage to the core? a. Braid-on-braid rope b. Braided rope c. Kernmantle rope d. Laid rope
Kernmantle rope
Which of the following types of rope construction is used for life safety rope? a. Laid rope b. Braided rope c. Braid-on-braid rope d. Kernmantle rope
Kernmantle rope
Heat release rate is usually expressed in which of the following measurements? a. Kilowatts (kW) b. British thermal unit (Btu) c. Kilowatts per meter squared (kW/m2) d. Kilojoules/gram (kJ/g)
Kilowatts (kW)
Which of the following can safely secure a firefighter to the ladder while performing work? Select one: a. Halyard rope, safety knot b. Pawls, tie rods c. Rope hose tool d. Ladder belt, leg lock
Ladder belt, leg lock
Which of the following is the BEST placement for a ladder intended to be used for rescue through a narrow window? Select one: a. Ladder tip raised to just below sill b. Ladder tip on wall above window opening c. Ladder tip 3-4 rungs above roof lin d. Ladder tip even with top of window on windward side
Ladder tip raised to just below sill
Which of the following describes the BEST placement of a ladder to be used for entry or rescue from a window? (676) A. Ladder tip slightly below sill, or wedged under sill lip B. Ladder directly in front of window, tip even with top of window C. Ladder alongside window on windward side, tip even with top of window D. Ladder directly in front of window, tip extended 3-5 rungs above the roof line
Ladder tip slightly below sill, or wedged under sill lip
Which of the following describes the BEST placement of a ladder to be used for entry or rescue from a window. a. Ladder directly in front of window, tip even with top of window b. Ladder tip slightly below sill, or wedged under sill lip c. Ladder directly in front of window, tip extended 3-5 rungs above the roof line d. Ladder alongside window on windward side, tip even with top of window
Ladder tip slightly below sill, or wedged under sill lip.
Which of the following statements about ladder raises is MOST accurate? a. The firefighter at the tip of the ladder is responsible for giving commands during the raise. b. Two firefighters may raise a ladder using either the flat raise method or the heel raise method. c. Ladders may be raised parallel to the building and pivoted after they are in the vertical position. d. All ladders must be raised by two or more firefighters.
Ladders may be raised parallel to the building and pivoted after they are in the verical position.
Which of the following statements about ladder placement is MOST a. Ladders should be placed to the side of openings including doors, and paths of travel. b. Strong points in building construction should not be considered when placing ladders. c. The Incident Commander designates the exact spot where the ladder butt should be placed. d. The ladder butt should be placed as close as possible to the building to keep paths of travel clear.
Ladders should be placed to the side of opeings including doors, and paths of travel.
Which of the following statements about ladder inspection is MOST accurate? a. NFPA® 1932 requires ladders be inspected after each use, and once each week. b. Ladders must be service tested after each use, and once each month. c. Ladders must be inspected by a trained and certified ladder technician. d. Ladders that cannot be repaired must be destroyed or scrapped for parts.
Ladders that cannot be repaired must be destroyed of scrapped
Also known as plywood or glulam used for roof and floor deckings
Laminated timber
The most likely location to find a victim or object under the water obtained by witness interviews, use of reference points or objects, and/or physical evidence.
Last - Seen - Point
Material generally found in construction prior to the 1950's
Lath and Plaster
Componet of stained glass or leaded glass windows, fail when exposed to excessive amounts of heat
Lead
This collapse pattern occurs when one outer wall fails while the opposite wall remains intact. The side of the floor or roof assembly that was supported by the failed wall drops to the floor, forming a triangular void in which victims are likely to survive.
Lean to collapse
Which side of an opening should a fan be placed for negative-pressure ventilation? a. Interior b. Exterior c. Leeward d. Windward
Leeward
Protected side; the direction opposite from which the wind is blowing
Leeward Side
Where can all reporting marks be found on ALL rail cars?
Left side of car as you face it Both Ends
Type of glass that may resist being broken with conventional hand tools
Lexane
Which of the following is 30 times stronger than acrylic and impossible to break? a. Laminated glass b. Polycarbonite c. Lexan® d. Aluminum
Lexan®
Rope used to support rescuers and/or victims during emergency incidents or training exercises
Life Safety Rope
What is the first incident priority at haz mat/WMD incidents? (1415) A. Life safety B. Incident stabilization C. Protection of property D. Protection of the environment
Life safety
Which of the following types of rope is the only rope required to have a rope log?
Life safety rope
Which of the following types of rope is the only rope required to have a rope log? (381) A. Utility rope B. Escape rope C. Life safety rope D. Water rescue rope
Life safety rope
What three incident priorities are accomplished when tactical ventilation is done correctly?
Life safety, incident stabilization, and property conservation
What are the three incident priorities when performing tactical ventilation? a. Life safety, salvage operations, pumper management b. Extinguishment, personnel safety, risk mitigation c. Life safety, incident stabilization, property conservation d. Resource management, life safety, extinguishment
Life safety, incident stabilization, property conservation
What are the three incident priorities when performing tactical ventilation? (733) A. Extinguishment, personnel safety, risk mitigation B. Resource management, life safety, extinguishment C. Life safety, salvage operations, pumper management D. Life safety, incident stabilization, property conservation
Life safety, incident stabilization, property conservation
BEST describes way to prevent back and leg strains?
Lift with straight back and use legs
Raising a vehicle, vehicle component or structural member off a victim or raising the victim out of a space.
Lifting
What part of a roof's construction can be manufactured from smaller pieces of wood or light gauge steel? a. Metal gusset plates b. Lightweight construction support system c. I-beams d. Box beams
Lightweight construction support system
Which of the following limitations of respiratory protection is caused by fogging in the facepiece?
Limited visibility
The broad category for personnel that deliver emergency services directly to external customers is:
Line
What type of fuel has mass and volume but no definite shape?
Liquid
What are the two general classifications of rope in the fire service?
Live safety rope and Utility Rope
Of the four core elements, which may take the longest amount of time to conduct?
Locate
Which of the following affects the amount of air entrained in the plume during the growth stage? a. Location of fuel package b. Thermal layering c. Location of ignition d. Type of fuel
Location of fuel package
Box outside of Building that provides keys accessible to the fire department
Lockbox/Knoxbox
How to inspect life safety rope
Look and Feel
Which of the following should be done after "try before you pry"? a. Force a window to reach lock on door b. Look for lockbox near the main entrance c. Pry the door or window d. Determine correct tool to force entry
Look for lockbox near the main entrance
Which of the following should be done after "try before you pry"? (574) A. Pry the door or window B. Force a window to reach lock on door C. Determine correct tool to force entry D. Look for lockbox near the main entrance
Look for lockbox near the main entrance
Conditions for a Backdraft
Low oxygen, high heat, smoldering fire, High fuel Vapor concentration
What term defines the minimum concentration of fuel vapor and air that supports combustion? a. Vapor pressure b. Lower flammable limit c. Vaporization d. Upper flammable limit
Lower flammable limit
Which of the following guidelines should be used when switching strategies? (1007) A. Turn off radios in order to maintain radio silence B. Abandon hoselines when strategy change is made C. Split away from team in order to cover more ground D. Maintain situational awareness to recognize changes in fire behavior
Maintain situational awareness to recognize changes in fire behavior
Which of the following is most often constructed from a single-piece of high-carbon steel, approximately 30 to 36 inches (762 mm to 900 mm)? a. Pushing tools b. Striking tools c. Sharpening tools d. Manual prying tools
Manual prying tools
NFPA 1931 requires which of the following markings on fire service ladders? Select one: a. Manufacturer's name plate b. White or reflective top rung c. Local inventory number d. Apparatus designation
Manufacturer's name plate
Includes bricks, stones and concrete blocks along with reinforced concrete products
Masonry
What building material is minimally affected by fire and exposure to high temperatures?
Masonry
Which of the following BEST describes the impact of higher oxygen concentration on combustion? a. Fires may be easier to extinguish. b. Materials burn more intensely. c. Nonflaming combustion is extinguished. d. Materials that do not burn at normal levels still do not burn.
Materials burn more intensely.
The type of constrciton is determined by what 2 things
Materials used in construction and how well they resist exposure to fire
Which of the following BEST describes an advantage of trussed ladder design. a. Reduces painting and cleaning time b. Allows ladders to be more easily carried through narrow passages c. Prevents fly section of extension ladders from being extended too far d. Maximizes strength while reducing weight
Maximizes strength while reducing weight
Which of the following BEST describes why personal protective equipment (PPE) should never be altered? a. May void manufacturer's warranty and endanger lives b. May significantly increase breathing, heart rate, and skin temperature c. May create confusion at incident scene d. May cause misidentification with Incident Command
May void manufacturer's warranty and endanger lives
Type of fire hose damage that includes abrasions, cuts and tears
Mechanical Damage
Heat caused by touching forces, Example Friction
Mechanical Heat Energy
Organization that interact with the fire service can be helpful in alerting the public in large-scale evacuations?
Media
The Illinois Dept of Labor(LDL) has jurisdiction for enforcing OSHA rules for government employees
Medical Survellance
Which type of ladder can fail suddenly fail when exposed to heat in excess of 200 degrees Farenheight?
Metal
Which type of ladder material is the least expensive?
Metal
3 Types of Material for ladders
Metal, Wood, Fiberglass
Radios that have better performance than a portable radio but are not as powerful as a fixed location radio
Mobile Radios
Which type of fill station is designed to refill SCBA at emergency incidents? a. Stationary fill stations b. All types of fill stations c. Firefighter Breathing Air Replenishment Systems d. Mobile fill stations
Mobile fill stations
What is the term for a set of requirements similar to a standard, developed by a consensus group, and used as a starting point for the code adoption process?
Model code
Which of the following BEST describes how to figure out your location during a MAYDAY event? a. Look for clues left during previous incidents b. Momentarily turn off PASS device, listen for clues c. Ask for location from incident communication center d. Remember it from pre-incident surveys
Momentarily turn off PASS device, listen for clues
What type of construction materials may include small dimensioned lumber that is glued together to forma laminated structural element, Sometimes called glulam elements
Mondern Type IV
Which cultural strength within the fire service means a firefighter's behavior should involve right or just behavior with an emphasis on trust?
Moral character
What factor makes high-rise fires life safety considerations an even higher priority? a. Fewer occupants b. Fewer windows c. More occupants d. More windows
More occupants
Which type of lock is found in private residences, commercial buildings, and industrial buildings? a. Circular b. Multiple bolts c. Cylindrical d. Mortise
Mortise
What is the second leading cause of firefighter fatalities?
Motor Vehicle Accidents
In a preincident plan, which of the following is a means of protecting items in a residential or business-occupied structure? (1106) A. Monitoring a security system B. Moving items to unaffected area C. Placing fire retardant furnishings nearby D. Preparing equipment for future response
Moving items to unaffected area
Used to transmit calls to two or more talkgroups; once the connection is established the talkgroups can communicate with each other
Multi group call
Primary and Secondary feeders, along with distributors
Municipal water system
What NFPA describes procedures for the hydro-static testing of extinguisher cylinders
NFPA 10
All fire dept officers must meet the requirements of NFPA#?
NFPA 1021
What NFPA standard involves installation, maintenance and use of emergency services communications systems
NFPA 1221
NFPA standard for Fire Service Respiratory Protection Training
NFPA 1404
What NFPA outlines requirements of a training program?
NFPA 1500
Technical Rescue Awareness follows the guidelines of _______.
NFPA 1670
What NFPA standard covers the 4 types of water rescue (Dive,Ice,Surf, Swift Water)
NFPA 1670
Fire Service ground ladders are constructed of metal, wood or fiberglass. All construction material must meet the design and testing specifications of NFPA #??
NFPA 1931
NFPA _____ Requires ground ladders to be inspected after each use and on a monthly basis
NFPA 1932
What NFPA serves as the guideline for ground ladder service testing?
NFPA 1932
Fire hose is manufactured in a variety of sizes and lengths based upon the specifications for fire hose in NFPA _____?
NFPA 1961
What are the 2 major models of building codes in the United States
NFPA 5000 ( Buidling Construction and Safety Code) and the International Code Council's International Building Code (IBC)
Comprehensive standard relating to firefighter safety and health? (NFPA BLANK)
NFPA® 1500
Fire hydrant tops and discharge caps should be painted as required in: (795) A. NFPA® 71. B. NFPA® 291. C. NFPA® 524. D. NFPA® 1963.
NFPA® 291.
Which marking system is typically used in fixed-storage facilities? (1369) A. Signal words B. Military markings C. NFPA® 704 system D. Canadian Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS)
NFPA® 704 system
One of the main sources of information (data,statistics) about fires in the US; Involves local depts collecting fire incident data and sedning to a state coordinator; Coordinator develops statewide fire incident data and also forwards information to the USFA.
National Fire Incident Rporting System (NFIRS)
What organization formed in 1896 develops codes and standards to ensure fire and life safety for the public?
National Fire Protection Association
This system takes reports of incidents that could have resulted in serious injuries or fatalities as a means of increasing awareness and generating a safety based culture in the fire service
National Firefighter Near-Miss Reporting System
The use of ten-codes in radio transmissions was replaced when agencies began to adopt which of the following? (109) A. Incident Action Plan (IAP) B. Incident Command System (ICS) C. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®) D. National Incident Management System (NIMS)
National Incident Management System (NIMS)
A document that identifies responsibilities of U.S. federal agencies and serves as the basis for the National Search and Rescue Manual, which discusses search and rescue organizations, resources, methods, and techniques utilized by the federal government
National Search and Rescue Plan.
Standard fire hose thread used on couplings
National Standard Thread
Which type of fire cause occurs when humans are not involved in the ignition process? Select one: a. Accidental b. Incendiary c. Natural d. Undetermined
Natural
Type of ventilation that involves opening doors and windows to allow natural air currents and pressure differences to move smoke and heat out of the building
Natural Horizontal Ventilation
Ventilation that uses the buoyancy of heated smoke and gases to draw them out of the structure through the roof openings while entraining (pulling or drawing) fresh air into the structure
Natural Vertical Ventilation
Rope made from plant fibers such as manila, sisal and cotton. Does not melt when exposed to heat, holds a knot firmly and is resistant to sunlight. Prone to mildew and mold
Natural fiber rope
Which type of ventilation requires no additional personnel or equipment to set up and maintain? a. Natural horizontal b. Hydraulic c. Mechanical horizontal d. Vertical
Natural horizontal
Technique using smoke ejectors to develop artificial air flow and to pull smoke out of a structure. Smoke ejectors are placed in windows doors or roof vent holes to pull the smoke heat and gases from inside the building and eject them to the exterior
Negative Pressure Ventilation
The first fire organization in North America was formed in the city of?
New Amsterdam later becoming New York
Which of the following can be a source for learning about building floor plans? a. Situational awareness b. New construction surveys c. Size-up d. Clues to structural instability
New construction surveys
What type of construction contains composite building components that are made of wood fibers, plastics and other substances joined by glue, including plywood, particleboard, fiberboard OSB and may produce toxic gases or can rapidly deterioriate under fire conditions
Newer Construction
What are the 2 types of radiation?
Non-Ionizing Radiation Ionizing Radiation
What building component supports only its own weight and may divide two areas within a structure?
Non-load-bearing wall
What mode of combustion produces a smoldering glow in a material's surface? a. Kinetic b. Flaming c. Nonflaming d. Potential
Nonflaming
What type of combustion occurs when burning is localized on or near a fuel's surface? a. Nonflaming b. Endothermic c. Exothermic d. Flaming
Nonflaming
Combustion that occurs more slowly at a lower temperature producing a smoldering glow in the materials surface
Nonflaming Combustion
Occurs when burning is localized on or near the fuels surface where it is in contact with oxygen., EX: burning charcoal or smoldering wood or fabric
Nonflaming Combustion
What are the 2 modes of combustion?
Nonflaming and flaming
Which of the following is the least energetic type of radiation? (1302) A. Beta B. Alpha C. Ionizing D. Nonionizing
Nonionizing
Coupling with no distinct male or female componets. Also known Storz Coupling or sexless coupling.
Nonthreaded Coupling
Force Felt from water being discharged from the nozzle
Nozzle Reaction
Requires all states to address the risk of injury to government employees by mandating specialized training and planning for any personnel involved in hazardous waste operations or emergency response activities
OSHA and EPA
What emergency scene use for rope can help prevent a vehicle from falling when suspended over an edge? a. Object stabilization b. Control zone perimeter c. Tool hoisting d. Search lines
Object stabilization
Which of the following BEST describes the self-evacuation method of victim removal? a. Occupants are moved to protected location in structure b. Occupants are removed using a webbing drag c. Occupants are rescued using a long backboard d. Occupants evacuate on their own with minimal assistance
Occupants evacuate on their own with minimal assistance
Which of the following BEST describes the shelter-in-place method of victim removal? a. Occupants evacuate on their own with minimal assistance b. Occupants are rescued using a long backboard c. Occupants are removed using a webbing drag d. Occupants move to a protected location in structure
Occupants move to a protected location in structure
Which strategic transition may be necessary when the situation rapidly changes? (1007) A. Indirect to direct B. Direct to indirect C. Offensive to defensive D. Defensive to offensive
Offensive to defensive
ground ladders should be service tested before before being placed in service l, _ while in service, and after use that exposes the ladders to high heat or rough treatment a. once each year b. according to the manufacturer's schedule c. after cleaning d. once each week
Once each year
Which of the following is the main advantage of using a one-firefighter spread with a rolled salvage cover? (1113) A. One person can remove water from basements. B. One person can log in the use of the salvage cover. C. One person can reroll the salvage cover during overhaul. D. One person can quickly unroll the salvage cover across the top of an object.
One person can quickly unroll the salvage cover across the top of an object.
Which of the following BEST describes a single , or straight, ladder? a. Designed to be used as a self-supporting stepladder, equipped with positive locking devices b. One section, fixed length, used for quick access to roofs and windows of one- and two-story buildings c. Base section with one or more fly sections, can be adjusted to specific length needed d. Telescoping ladder made up of bed rails and hand rails separated by bracing, typically pivoted into place
One section,fixed length, used for quick access to roofs and windows of one and two story buildings
Which section of the ERG shows potential Hazards Section?
Orange Pages
Type of fire hose damage that includes attack by mold and mildew
Organic Damage
A wooden structural panel formed by gluing and compressing wood strands together under pressure. This material has replaced plywood and planking in the majority of construction applications. Roof decks, walls and subfloors are all commonly made of OSB.
Oriented Strand Board (OSB)
Where are the hinges of an outward swinging door mounted? a. Inside b. One side c. Both sides d. Outside
Outside
When performing a two-firefighter low-shoulder carry, where should the forward firefighter's free hand be placed? a. Over the upper butt spur b. Grasping the nearest rung at chest level c. Extended to the side away from the ladder d. Grasping the lower beam
Over the upper butt spur
Which type of knot eliminates the danger of the running end slipping back through the knot? a. Bowline b. Overhand safety c. Half-hitch d. Handcuff
Overhand safety
Which type of knot is used as a safety measure when tying other knots? a. Bowline b. Clove hitch c. Overhand safety d. Figure-eight
Overhand safety
Finding hidden fire after initial fire attack is complete
Overhaul
Chemical reaction involving the combination of an oxidizer such as oxygen in the air with other materials. Oxidation can be slow such as the combination of oxygen with iron to form rust or rapid as in combustion of methane.
Oxidation
What are examples of the DOT Class 5 Hazard Class?
Oxidizing substances Organic Peroxides
Which of the following respiratory hazards is most commonly caused by combustion? a. Particulate contaminants b. Oxygen deficiency c. Gases and vapors d. Airborne pathogens
Oxygen deficiency
What fire-suppression method does not work if fuel is self-oxidixing? a. Fuel removal b. Oxygen exclusion c. Chemical flame inhibition d. Temperature reduction
Oxygen exclusion
4 Components of Fire Tetrahedron
Oxygen, Fuel, Heat, Self-Sustaining Chemical Chain Reaction
Air atmospheres containing less than 19.5 percent oxygen by volume at one standard atmosphere pressure.
Oxygen-Deficient Atmosphere.
Air atmospheres containing more than 23.5 percent oxygen by volume at one standard atmosphere pressure.
Oxygen-Enriched Atmosphere
Maximum time-weighted concentration at which 95% of exposed health adults suffer no adverse effects over a 40 hr work week based on an 8 hour time weighted average concentration
PEL - Permissible Exposure Limit
Which of the following are portable or detachable locking devices? a. Drop bars b. Door limiters c. Surface bolts d. Padlocks
Padlocks
Hardware mounted on exit doors in public buildings that unlock from the inside and enable doors to be opened when pressure is applied to the release mechanism. A. Panic Equipment B. Panic Tools C. Panic Hardware D. Panic Gear
Panic Hardware
What was the result of the Iroquois Theater Fire, Chicago (1903)?
Panic hardware on exit doors
What position provides advanced emergency medical care for critical and emergent patients?
Paramedic
Very small particle of solid material such as dust that is suspended in the atmosphere
Particulate
Which of the following allows the re-use a life safety rope? a. Subjected to impact load b. Abrasions or visible damage c. Exposed to heat or direct flame d. Passed inspection by qualified personnel
Passed inspection by qualified personnel
Which of the following allows the re-use a life safety rope? (371) A. Subjected to impact load B. Abrasions or visible damage C. Exposed to heat or direct flame D. Passed inspection by qualified personnel
Passed inspection by qualified personnel
Materials that absorb heat but do not participate actively in the combustion reaction.
Passive Agents
What is the main duty of a Firefighter I? (27) A. Assume command B. Assign tasks to be performed C. Supervise performance of assigned tasks D. Perform assigned tasks under supervision
Perform assigned tasks under supervision
What does PEL stand for?
Permissible Exposure Limits
What part of structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE) is useful in total darkness and confined spaces? a. Hearing protection devices b. Eye protection devices c. Protective coats d. Personal alert safety systems
Personal alert safety systems
The layers in the fire service organizational pyramid are composed of what?
Personnel assigned by rank and duty
Effective way of lowering stress and reducing the risk of cardiac arrest and strokes?
Physical Exercise
Which of the following is an injury cost carried by an individual?
Physical Pain
Which of the following terms refers to a substance remaining chemically the same, but changing in size, shape or appearance? a. Parallel alteration b. Physical change c. Chemical shift d. Chemical reaction
Physical change
Which of the following terms refers to a substance remaining chemically the same, but changing in size, shape or appearance? (208) A. Chemical shift B. Physical change C. Chemical reaction D. Parallel alteration
Physical change
Which of the following is an example of a push/pull tool? (589) A. Hux bar B. Pike pole C. Drywall saw D. Battering ram
Pike pole
What is the most common form of ignition? a. Endothermic b. Piloted c. Autoignition d. Exothermic
Piloted
Most common ignition occurs when a mixture of fuel and oxygen encounter an external heat source with sufficient heat or thermal energy to start the combustion process.
Piloted Ignition
What are the 2 forms of ignition?
Piloted and autoignition
Turning off the gas is part of what phase of collapse rescue?
Planned Community
Powered by pressurized air from compressed air cylinders such as scba cylinders, vehicle mounted cascade system, or portable or vehicle mounted air compressors
Pneumatic Tools
Which of the following gives a parachute effect to float a salvage cover into place over the article to be covered during loss control? (1114) A. Warm air B. Heated air C. Pocketed air D. Smoke and hot air
Pocketed air
Which key air management principle can be based on the lowest cylinder gauge reading of a team member? a. Point of no return b. Check air gauge regularly c. Test air consumption rate d. Exiting structure
Point of no return
Guide to decision making in an organization
Policy
Which of the following equipment limitations of respiratory protection can result in minor leaks? a. Poor condition of apparatus b. Decreased endurance c. Decreased mobility d. Low air cylinder pressure
Poor condition of apparatus
Which of the following represents the amount of energy that an object can release in the future? a. Kinetic b. Thermal c. Mechanical d. Potential
Potential
Which of the following represents the amount of energy that an object can release in the future? (209) A. Kinetic B. Thermal C. Potential D. Mechanical
Potential
Stored energy possessed by an object that can be released in the future to perform work once released
Potential Energy
Which of the following are signs of damage in laid natural fiber rope? a. Powdering between strands b. Excessive stretching c. Irregularities in weave d. Abrasions or fuzziness
Powdering between strands
Which fire and life safety audience should be positively informed what to do, rather than being focused on what not to do?
Preschool children
Guideline for teaching preschool children
Preschool children learn by seeing and doing; what they see will last longer than what they hear and what they do lasts longer than what they see/hear
Which of the following BEST describes heavy fuel loading? a. Presence of large amounts of combustible materials in an area b. Presence of small amounts of combustible materials in an area c. The lack of combustible materials in an area d. The arrangement of combustible materials in an area
Presence of large amounts of combustible materials in an area
Primary used to transport: Flammable Gases Nonflammable gases Poison Gases
Pressure Car
Which of the following causes air flow? a. Pressure differentials inside and outside compartment b. Combustion of interior finishings c. Escape of gases and flames from burning materials d. Introduction of oxygen into the burning materials
Pressure differentials inside and outside compartment
A device attached to seat belts which will tighten during frontal impacts. This device is a pyrotechnic device designed to activate when the frontal air bags are activated.
Pretensioner
goal of fire department safety and health programs?
Prevent damage to emergency response equipment
Which of the following BEST describes a design limitation of structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE)? a. Prevents heat transfer away from body b. Provides protection from hot water c. Covers all portions of skin when moving d. Keeps coat sleeves from riding up
Prevents heat transfer away from body
What cultural strength in the fire service is based on the feelings of self-respect and personal worth?
Pride
Permits one radio to call another much like a telephone call; the conversation is private and will not be heard by others on the channel or talkgroup
Private call
Which of the following information should be gathered as a part of situational awareness? Select one: a. Location of interior alterations b. Building floor plan c. Probable structural integrity d. Types of fire detectors in use
Probable structural integrity
Materials proudced and released during burning
Products of Combustion
Which of the following types of windows requires forcible entry by breaking the glass or cutting out a panel? Select one: a. Casement b. Projecting c. Sliding d. Awning
Projecting
What is the most effective defense against heavy content fuel loading? a. Proper inspection and code enforcement b. Restricting the types of combustible materials used c. Not allowing the use of combustible materials in construction d. Adopting local standards that limit multistory buildings
Proper inspection and code enforcement
Steel structural members that are covered with either a fire resistant spray on fire proofing or fully encased in a Underwriters laboratories tested and approved system
Protected Steel
What part of structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE) must be high enough to protect the lower leg?
Protective footwear
Which of the following structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE) components must allow enough dexterity and tactile feel to perform the job required? a. Protective trousers b. Protective gloves c. Protective coats d. Protective hoods
Protective gloves
What part of structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE) is designed to fit inside a protective coat?
Protective hoods
What part of structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE) is designed to fit inside a protective coat? (266) A. Helmets B. Wristlets C. Protective hoods D. Eye protection devices
Protective hoods
What are the duties of the public works division?
Provide sand for containing spills
BEST summarizes a benefit of the National Incident Management System (NIMS)?
Provides consistent framework for agencies from multiple jurisdictions to operate together
Which of the following types of special protective clothing is designed as similar to structural personal protective equipment (PPE) but with an aluminized outer shell? a. Ice rescue b. Proximity fire fighting c. Hazardous materials d. Technical rescue
Proximity fire fighting
Which of the following limitations of respiratory protection may cause the wearer to deplete the air supply rapidly? a. Lack of agility b. Psychological limitations c. Lack of physical condition d. Inadequate pulmonary capacity
Psychological limitations
Which of the following limitations of respiratory protection may cause the wearer to deplete the air supply rapidly? (295) A. Lack of agility B. Psychological limitations C. Lack of physical condition D. Inadequate pulmonary capacity
Psychological limitations
Underwater diving, related to team operations and training, performed by any member, group, or agency of a community or government.recognized public safety diving or water rescue team.
Public Safety Diving.
PASS Acronym
Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep
What can be used to create a mechanical advantage for rope rescue or when hoisting heavy objects? a. Pulley b. Pike pole c. Figure-eight d. Lever
Pulley
Which of the following is BEST to use when creating a mechanical advantage for hoisting? a. Control line b. Pulley c. Carabiner d. Pike pole
Pulley
Which of the following pieces of equipment is best used to provide a mechanical advantage during hoisting? a. Webbing b. Carabiner c. Pulley d. Rope
Pulley
Dragging away materials to free a victim
Pulling
accumulation of fluid in the lungs
Pulmonary Edema
Process of converting a solid to a gas
Pyrolysis
The chemical decomposition of a solid material by heating. Often precedes combustion
Pyrolysis
Which of the following terms is used to refer to the process that can generate sufficient quantities of burnable vapors to ignite in the presence of a sufficient oxidizer? a. Pyrolysis b. Flash point c. Fire point d. Vapor pressure
Pyrolysis
used to save a trapped/downed firefighter
RIT team
Defined as transfer of heat through a vacuum
Radiation
Energy which is emitted, transmitted or absorbed in ave or energetic particles form
Radiation
What method of heat transfer can become the dominant mode as the fire grows in size? a. Conduction b. Potential c. Radiation d. Convection
Radiation
What are examples of the DOT Class 7 Hazard Class?
Radioactive Materials (Thorium Metal, Uranium, Hexafloride)
Breaking door glass gives the ability for a firefighter to: a. place a charged hoseline inside. b. reach inside and unlock door. c. open a window next to door. d. ventilate the structure.
Reach inside and unlock door.
The four sequential steps in water rescue with progressively more risk to the rescuer. Specifically, a "go" rescue involves physically entering the medium (e.g., in the water or on the ice).
Reach, Throw, Row, Go
Exposure to weather and physical hazards is a potential disadvantage for what type of SCBA mount? a. Backup mount b. Seat mount c. Unmounted d. Rear external mount
Rear external mount
Individual or individulas to whom the sender is attempting to communicate
Receiver
Powerful saw that is highly controllable. Has a short, straight blade that moves in and out like a handsaw
Reciprocating Saw
BEST describes the cause of apparatus collisions a driver/operator is not responsible for
Reckless driving by the public
Level of operational urgency where there is no chance of rescuing a victim alive.
Recovery Mode
Class B Fire Extinguisher Symbol
Red Square
used to connect hoselines with different diameter couplings
Reducer
Which of the following is a reason for performing tactical ventilation? a. Reducing potential extreme fire behavior b. Decreasing reliance on fire streams c. Reducing need for interior fire operations d. Decrease costs of fireground operations
Reducing potential extreme fire behavior
Which of the following is a reason for performing tactical ventilation? (733) A. Decreasing reliance on fire streams B. Decrease costs of fireground operations C. Reducing potential extreme fire behavior D. Reducing need for interior fire operations
Reducing potential extreme fire behavior
An object (like a person or a boat) that is the same size as the object that sank below the surface of the water. This reference object is used to assist a witness in describing the last seen point.
Reference Object
Which piece of protective breathing apparatus is checked for any unusual sounds during operation? a. Low-pressure alarm b. Hoses c. Facepiece d. Regulator
Regulator
Allowing firefighters to rest, rehydrate and recover during an incident
Rehab
Which of the following common building materials performs well under fire conditions but can lose strength through spalling? a. Composite material b. Lath and plaster c. Reinforced concrete d. Gypsum
Reinforced concrete
What a carry-all is used for
Removing Debris
"Those activities directed at locating endangered persons at an emergency incident, removing those persons from danger, treating the injured, and providing for transport to an appropriate health care facility."
Rescue
Which of the following is an IMS sector that must be set at a technical rescue incident?
Rescue
A level of operational urgency where there is a chance that a victim will be rescued alive.
Rescue Mode
Searches for and removes victims from areas of danger or entrapment and may perform technical rescues?
Rescue Squad/Company
Which of the following APR effectiveness clues is monitored by being aware of how labored a firefighter's breathing is? a. Time b. Taste and smell c. Resistance-to-breathing-indicators d. Weight
Resistance-to-breathing-indicators
Which of the following APR effectiveness clues is monitored by being aware of how labored a firefighter's breathing is? (295) A. Time B. Weight C. Taste and smell D. Resistance-to-breathing-indicators
Resistance-to-breathing-indicators
Body system that is most susceptible to toxins
Respiratory
Maintains temperature by absorbing and releasing large amounts of heat slowly
Retention
Where are specification markings located on tank cars?
Right Side of car as you face it
Which of the following has a variety of types available including night latch, dead bolt, and vertical dead bolt? a. Rim b. Cylindrical c. Mortise d. Multiple bolts
Rim
A measure of the probability and severity of adverse effects that result from an exposure to a hazard.
Risk
"An assessment of the likelihood, vulnerability, and magnitude of incidents that could result from exposure to hazards."
Risk Assessment
Written plan that analyzes the exposure to hazards, implements appropriate risk management techniques, and establishes criteria for monitoring their effectiveness
Risk Management Plan
A decision made by a responder based on a hazard and situation assessment that weighs the risks likely to be taken against the benefits to be gained for taking those risks.
Risk/Benefit Analysis
These are the usually rounded narrow body panels on each side of an automobile below the doors and between the kick panel and the quarter panel.
Rocker Panels
What building component is designed to provide drainage, support snow accumulation, and resist the effects of wind?
Roof
Which of the following BEST describes what could happen if a rope is subjected to a sustained load for more than two days? a. Rope strength is reduced by as much as 50 percent b. Rope may break well below the rated load limit c. Rope strands are bruised by compression d. Rope may begin to show fuzzy spots
Rope may break well below the rated load limit
Which of the following BEST describes a halyard? a. Metal rods located beneath rungs extending from one beam to another of a wood ladder b. Upper section of an extension ladder, the section that moves c. Rope or cable used for hoisting and lowering fly sections d. Device attached to the inside of beams to hold fly section in place
Rope or cable used for hoisting and lowering fly sections
Which of the following BEST describes a halyard? (657) A. Rope or cable used for hoisting and lowering fly sections B. Upper section of an extension ladder, the section that moves C. Device attached to the inside of beams to hold fly section in place D. Metal rods located beneath rungs extending from one beam to another of a wood ladder
Rope or cable used for hoisting and lowering fly sections
Which of the following makes clean cuts when breaching a floor? a. Pry bar b. Axe c. Rotary saw d. Chain saw
Rotary saw
Which of the following statements about ladder maintenance is MOST accurate. a. Routine ladder maintenance requires a trained ladder repair technician. b. Fire service ladders are moisture-resistant, and can be safely stored in damp locations. c. Routine ladder maintenance may be performed by firefighters. d. Ladders should be painted as needed, at least annually.
Routine ladder maintenance requires a trained ladder repair technician.
What is the term for the cross members that extend from one beam to the other and provide a foothold for climbing? a. Rungs b. Truss blocks c. Rails d. Protection plates
Rungs
What is the term for the cross members that extend from one beam to the other and provide a foothold for climbing? (657) A. Rails B. Rungs C. Truss blocks D. Protection plates
Rungs
Which part of the rope is used for hoisting? a. Knot b. Standing c. Running d. Working
Running
Which part of the rope is used for hoisting? (384) A. Knot B. Working C. Running D. Standing
Running
Acronym for Search and Rescue
SAR
Before doffing SCBA, ensure you are out of the contaminated area and: a. the incident is under control. b. SCBA is no longer required. c. the facepiece is not fogged. d. all members of your team are all right.
SCBA is no longer required.
personnel accountability system that uses an Accountability Officer to track expected exit times based on the pressure of the team's lowest SCBA reading
SCBA tag system
The fire department _____ should identify qualified rescue teams prior to incidents.
SOP/SOG
Which of the following BEST describes what knowing a building's construction can alert a firefighter to? a. Safe areas within the structure b. Similarities between residential and commercial structures c. Types of smoke detectors in the structure d. Possible flaws in construction methods
Safe areas within the structure
___________ is always the primary concern.
Safety
Knot that pulls the standing end of a rope away from the primary working knot to keep the working knot from falling
Safety Knot
Property Conservation, loss Control
Salvage
Necessary to build a catch all or water chute
Salvage Cover
Nonload bearing rope that is anchored to a safe exterior location and attached to a firefighter during search operations to act as a safety line
Search Line
What are the two objectives for a structural search? a. Search for witnesses; assess fire crew needs b. Search for victims; assess structural integrity c. Search for occupants; assess building conditions d. Search for life; assess fire conditions
Search for life; assess fire conditions
What emergency scene use for rope can help provide a physical means of finding an exit route? a. Control zone perimeter b. Tool hoisting c. Search lines d. Object stabilization
Search lines
Which of the following is a common safety measure taken when riding on a fire apparatus?
Secure all loose tools and equipment
Which of the following survival actions is BEST used in order to buy more time to escape? a. Escape b. Remain in place c. Seek safe haven d. Breach a wall
Seek safe haven
What survival action includes steps that can be performed before communicating a MAYDAY? a. Escape b. Seeking safe haven c. Breach a wall d. Disentangle
Seeking safe haven
Knowing types of doors and door hardware can help firefighters: a. select correct forcible entry tools. b. predict fire development. c. select the right type of vertical tactical ventilation. d. judge roof safety.
Select correct forcible entry tools.
Which of the following is the BEST way to practice safety with tools and equipment?
Select the appropriate tool for the job
The person who initiates the message using both verbal and nonverbal communication?
Sender
Structures that contain multiple occupancies or use grops must meet the requriements for each individual occupancy classification.
Seperated Use
Which of the following victim removal methods is common in both hospitals and correctional facilities? a. Escape b. Self-evacuation c. Shelter-in-place d. Rescue
Shelter-in-place
A structure that is able to withstand the forces imposed on it by a cave?in and thereby protect employees within the structures.
Shield (or Shield System)
"A structure such as a metal hydraulic, pneumatic/mechanical, or timber shoring system that supports the sides of an excavation and is designed to prevent cave-ins."
Shoring (or Shoring System)
Which of the following provides firefighters rapid access to outward swinging latch doors? a. Shove knife b. J-tool c. K-tool d. A-tool
Shove knife
Takes two or more hoselines and forms them into one hoseline
Siamese appliance
Guidelines for teaching elementary age children
Similar to teaching preschool children, elementary school children are slightly more complex.
Ladder that consists of one section of nonadjustable or fixed length, Also called wall ladders or straight ladders. Length ranges from 12-24 ft.
Single ladder
Which of the following statements BEST describes roof ladders? Select one: a. Single ladders equipped with hooks that anchor the ladder in place while a firefighter is working b. Single ladders with hinged rungs that allow a ladder to be folded so one rung rests against the other c. Self-supporting A-frame stepladder equipped with positive locking devices d. Extension ladders which can be adjusted to specific lengths needed to access different roof heights
Single ladders equipped with hooks that anchor
Which of the following statements BEST describes roof ladders? (661) A. Self-supporting A-frame stepladder equipped with positive locking devices B. Single ladders equipped with hooks that anchor the ladder in place while a firefighter is working C. Extension ladders which can be adjusted to specific lengths needed to access different roof heights D. Single ladders with hinged rungs that allow a ladder to be folded so one rung rests against the other
Single ladders equipped with hooks that anchor the ladder in place while a firefighter is working
Which of the following is a nonemergency exit indicator? a. Situation is stabilized b. Presence of APR/PAPR breakthrough symptoms c. Activation of SCBA low-pressure d. Changes in oxygen level
Situation is stabilized
Perception of the surrounding environment, and the ability to anticipate future events.
Situational Awareness
Cutting back sides to angle where earth will no longer slide
Sloping
Which characteristic of modern single-family residential construction reduces firefighter access and increases potential exposure risks? a. Composite construction material b. Smaller lot sizes c. Larger structure sizes d. Open floor plans
Smaller lot sizes
What is the product of incomplete combustion
Smoke
Which fire behavior indicator can provide an indication of interior fire conditions by observing its volume, location, color, density, and movement? a. Flame b. Air flow c. Smoke d. Heat
Smoke
These are electrically powered fans that have intrinsically safe motors that are places in the smoke filled atmosphere to push the smoke out. They can also be used to push fresh air into the structure
Smoke Ejector
The critical temperature for steel can be reached at ceiling level from:
Smoke and Rising Heat
What type of rapid fire development occurs as unburned fuel gases contact an ignition source? a. Combustion b. Rollover c. Smoke explosion d. Backdraft
Smoke explosion
Which of the following is a heat indicator for a possible backdraft? a. Smoke stained windows b. Contents with high heat release rate c. Fire confined to a void space d. Turbulent smoke discharge
Smoke stained windows
What type of stairs uses a ventilation system activated by automatic fire or smoke detection? a. Access stairs b. Smokeproof stair enclosures c. Protected stairs d. Fire escapes
Smokeproof stair enclosures
Excluding oxygen from the burning process
Smothering
Name of hose used for hooking to a pressurized Hydrant
Soft Sleeve hose
Interior building elements such as floors, walls, and roofs are constructed of what two woods with no concealed spaces?
Solid or Laminated wood
What part of a traditional wood-joisted roof tends to lose strength gradually when exposed to fire? a. Solid wood joist b. Parallel chord c. Metal gusset plate d. Webbing
Solid wood joist
What term is used to describe the extent to which a substance will mix with water? a. Mixability b. Volatility c. Solubility d. Reactivity
Solubility
What term is used to describe the extent to which a substance will mix with water? (227) A. Solubility B. Mixability C. Volatility D. Reactivity
Solubility
When breaching a wall, which of the following BEST describes the action to be taken before crawling through the opening? a. Sound the floor on the other side b. Tighten SCBA to ensure it does not move c. Use wire cutters to help create opening d. Use forcible entry tool to make opening
Sound the floor on the other side
What should a firefighter do before stepping off a ladder, parapet wall, or other place of safety onto the roof of a burning building, especially if the roof surface is obscured by smoke or darkness? a. Direct a fire stream into an existing vertical exhaust opening. b. Direct a fire steam into an existing horizontal exhaust opening. c. Ensure the safety of all personnel who are assisting. d. Sound the roof for structural integrity by striking with an axe.
Sound the roof for structural integrity by striking with an axe.
Expansion of excess moisture within masonry materials due to exposure to the heat of a fire, resulting in tensile forces within the material, and causing it to break apart. The expansion causes sections of the material's surface to violently disintegrate, resulting in explosive pitting or chipping of the material's surface.
Spalling
Performs technical rescues including rapid intervention for the rescue of firefighters
Special Rescue Company
Which is not a level of certification at a Technical Rescue Incident?
Specialist
The energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree is called: (944) A. Specific Heat. B. British Thermal Unit (Joule). C. Latent Heat of Vaporization. D. Standard International Heat Unit.
Specific Heat.
Which of the following is an advantage to using mechanical ventilation? a. Increases availability of water supply b. Decreases control of air flow c. Speeds the removal of contaminants d. Increases control of air flow
Speeds the removal of contaminants
Combination of Forward/reverse lay
Split Lay
First powered hydraulic tools used in fire service, used for pushing and pulling and produce tremendous force at their tips
Spreaders
Tool of preference to break Tempered Glass
Spring Loaded Center Punch
Predetermined plan or written document for operations
Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
Level of care that all persons should receive; care that does not meet this standard is considered inadequate
Standard of Care
Type of Rope used in Life safety rescue operations
Static Kernmantle
Rope designed not to stretch under load
Static Rope
Which of the following types of rope may not elongate more than 10 percent under a load equal to 10 percent of its breaking strength? a. Static kernmantle rope b. Dynamic kernmantle rope c. Braided rope d. Laid rope
Static kernmantle rope
Which of the following types of rope may not elongate more than 10 percent under a load equal to 10 percent of its breaking strength? (374) A. Laid rope B. Braided rope C. Static kernmantle rope D. Dynamic kernmantle rope
Static kernmantle rope
Primary material used for structural support in the construction of large modern buildings, can also be used for stairs, wall studs, windows and door frames, balconies and railings?
Steel
Structural members that lengthen when heated can elongate by as much as 4 inches when heated to about 1,000 F
Steel
Which types of SCBA air cylinders are tested every five years? a. Steel and aluminum b. Fully wrapped Kevlar® c. Hoop-wrapped aluminum d. Fully wrapped fiberglass
Steel and aluminum
The back of a boat.
Stern
Which of the following can be used to create an opening for a penetrating nozzle? a. Pry bar b. Stitch drill c. Chain saw d. Rotary saw
Stitch drill
Building material taht may indicate fire exposure through chips and pits in its surface?
Stone
What materials may lose small portions of their surface when heated, a condtion called spalling.
Stones and concrete
Extinguishers that have stored Air and Water combined to put out Class A fires
Stored Pressure Water Extinguishers
An obstruction in a flowing body of water that allows the current to pass through it but does not allow the clear passage of larger objects such as people or boats.
Strainer
Which of the following occurs to heated smoke and fire gases when they stop rising, become cooled to the temperature of the surrounding air, and spread horizontally? a. Stabilization b. Solidify c. Stratify d. Sounded
Stratify
illness that can result in headaches, nausea, and weakness in legs?
Stress-induced hypertension
Any agent, condition or experience that causes stress?
Stressor
An upright post in the framework of a wall for supporting sheets of lath and plaster, wallboard, or similar material
Stud
3 Types of Fuel in Wild land Firefighting
Sub-Surface, Aerial, Surface
Hose that is designed for the purpose of moving water between a water source and a pump that is supplying attack hoselines or fire suppression systems
Supply Hose
Water moving at a rate greater than one knot (1.15 mph).
Swift Water
4 Types of Doors
Swinging, Sliding, Overhead, Revolving
Material produced in sheets and boards, is manufactured from recycled plastic from liquid containers, primarily milk bottles. Primarily used for exterior rails,s tairs and decks
Synthetic wood
description of personnel accountability systems?
Systems that assist in keeping track of firefighters at an emergency scene Correct
Restoring the HVAC system to operation after a fire is the responsibility of the building engineer or maintenance superintendent. Select one: True False
T
Two or more primary feeders should run from the source of the water supply to high-risk and industrial districts along separate routes. Select one: True False
T
A physical change causes a change both chemically and in appearance. (T/F)
TRUE
All energy can change from one type to another. (T/F)
TRUE
In ambient temperatures (about 68°F [20°C]), materials can ignite at oxygen concentrations as low as 14 percent. (T/F)
TRUE
True or false: more people die from fires than any natural disaster combined.
TRUE
Which statement about tactical ventilation is MOST accurate? a. Tactical ventilation is implemented after the fire is confined. b. Tactical ventilation can be combined with fire attack to stabilize an incident. c. Tactical ventilation must be performed before fire attack. d. Tactical ventilation should not begin until the incident is stabilized.
Tactical ventilation can be combined with fire attack to stabilize an incident.
Which statement about tactical ventilation is MOST accurate? (733) A. Tactical ventilation must be performed before fire attack. B. Tactical ventilation is implemented after the fire is confined. C. Tactical ventilation can be combined with fire attack to stabilize an incident. D. Tactical ventilation should not begin until the incident is stabilized.
Tactical ventilation can be combined with fire attack to stabilize an incident.
A method of tagging, labeling, or otherwise marking an isolation device during hazard abatement operations to prevent accidental removal of the device. (See also Lockout.) Utilities. Gas/electrical/water/pneumatic sources of energy or power.
Tag Out
Non load bearing rope attached to a hoisted object to help steer it in a desired direction, prevent it from spinning or snagging on obstructions or act as a safety line.
Tag line
Any facility in which a fire, accident, or natural disaster could cause substantial casualties or significant economic harm, through either property or infrastructure damage.
Target Hazard
Which of the following types of special protective clothing may be dual certified for emergency medical use? a. Technical rescue b. Hazardous materials c. Ice rescue d. Proximity fire fighting
Technical rescue
What is the most common method used in fire fighting operations? a. Temperature reduction b. Fuel removal c. Oxygen exclusion d. Chemical flame inhibition
Temperature reduction
Which of the following is the most commonly used fire-suppression method? a. Oxygen exclusion b. Temperature reduction c. Fuel removal d. Chemical flame inhibition
Temperature reduction
Which of the following BEST describes the butt of a ladder? a. A main structural member that supports the rungs b. The bottom end of the ladder c. The extreme top of the ladder d. A cross member that provides support for climbing
The bottom end of the ladder
Which of the following BEST describes the butt of a ladder? (657) A. The bottom end of the ladder B. The extreme top of the ladder C. A cross member that provides support for climbing D. A main structural member that supports the rungs
The bottom end of the ladder
Which of the following BEST describes a possible construction hazard? a. Furnishings may contribute to fire spread. b. The building is subject to rapid fire spread because protective features are not in place. c. Fire detection systems may be damaged. d. Danger increases because occupants and belongings remain in one part of the building while work goes on in the other.
The building is subject to rapid fire spread because protective features are not in place.
