Indonesian Culture & History
What is the motto of Indonesia and what does it mean?
"Bhinneka Tunggal Ika" - Unity in Diversity. Regardless of all the different ethnic groups, religions and languages spoken in Indonesia, they still live together in harmony.
What is the name of the province that was hit by the tsunami in 2004 and on what island is it located?
Aceh located on Sumatra
How many people live in Indonesia?
Approximately 235,000,000
When did the first Buddhists arrive in Indonesia and from where?
Around 100 - 200 AD from India
When and where was it composed?
At the second All Indonesia Youth Congress in October 1928 in Batvia, now Jakarta
What is the national language and what language is it similar to?
Bahasa Indonesia, similar to Malaysian.
What two continents and two oceans does Indonesia lie?
Between Australian and Asian continents and the Pacific and Indian Oceans
When was it first introduced and by whom?
By Indonesia's first leader, President Sukarno on June 1st 1945
Name the four most populated countries in descending order.
China, India, USA and Indonesia
What did the Europeans spread?
Christianity
What are 4 of the food that are more common in the eastern regions?
Corn, sago, cassava and sweet potatoes
What are the two seasons and what months do each season occur?
Dry season - May to October Wet season - November to April
What happened to Indonesia during the Napoleonic war and after?
During the Napoleonic war, Indonesia fell under the British East India Company. After the war, British and Dutch agreed that the archipelago's would be returned colonial possession to the Dutch.
How many provinces are there in Java, and what are they called?
East Java, Central Java, West Java, Banten, Jakarta and Jogjakarta
What are two foreign languages that are primarily spoken in Indonesia?
English and Dutch
What are the branches of government and what does each contain?
Executive - headed by the president and vice president Legislative - MPR, DPR, DPD Judicial - the Supreme Court Others - BPK, MK
How long did the Buddhist-Hindu Kingdoms last?
From ancient history until the 15th century
What do the colors (gold and black) of the Garuda symbolize?
Gold = the greatness of the nation Black = nature
When did the Indonesians start fighting for their independence?
In the 1600's
What is the Indonesian national anthem called and what does it mean?
Indonesia Raya - Great Indonesia
Why is Indonesia the most volcanic country on earth? How many volcanoes are there?
Indonesia is situated along the volcanic rim known as the "Pacific Ring of Fire". It has 128 volcanoes.
What Greek words is the name Indonesia rotted in and what do they mean?
Indos - Indian Nesos - islands
What are the 6 world religions recognized in Indonesia?
Islam, Catholicism, Protestantism, Confucianism, Hinduism and Buddhism
Which is the most populated island?
Java
What percentage of the inhabitants are Javanese, Sundanese, Madurese, Malays and other?
Javanese = 45% Sundanese = 14% Madurese = 7.5% Malays = 7.5% Other = 26%
Which was the mightiest Hindu kingdom in Indonesia's history?
Majapahit Empire
How was Islam introduced to Indonesia?
Merchants who embraced Islam traveled to Indonesia for trade and introduced Islam to them.
Approximately what percentage of the population is Muslim, Christian, Buddhist/Hindu/Confucian?
Muslim = 85% Christian 11% Buddhist/Hindu/Confucian = 4%
Name the two most rebellious provinces. What do they govern under?
Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam and Papua. Govern under the status of Special Autonomy
What is the name of the man found on the 50,000 note? Where else can you find this name?
Ngurah Rai, also the name of the Bali airport
What are the three points the Indonesian youth pledged allegiance to?
One native land One nation One unifying language
Name 3 animals than can only be found in Indonesia.
Orangutan, one horned rhinoceros and komodo dragon
What is the name of the philosophical basis of the Indonesian state?
Pancasila - 5 principles
Which other countries does Indonesia share islands with?
Papua New Guinea, Malaysia, Brunei and East Timor
What do the colors of the flag represent?
Red - bravery White - spirituality
Name the 5 principles of Indonesia.
Religious Devotion Humanitarianism Nationalism Consultative Democracy Social Justice
What is the main staple food of most Indonesian dishes?
Rice
What is the Indonesian flag called? And what does it mean?
Sang Saka Merah Putih - The Red and White Treasure
What does the shield symbolize?
Self defense and protection in struggle and the Pancasilla, the 5 principles.
What is the name of the two people found on the 100,000 note, who are they?
Soekarno - first president Hatta - first vice president
Where in Jakarta is JIS located?
South Jakarta
How did the European influence start, by whom?
Started with the Portuguese looking for spics, who came in 1512
Name the five main islands from West to East.
Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Papua
Who retook Indonesia, and in what year?
The Allied Forces in 1945
What is Indonesia's official coat of arms centered on? Where does it come from?
The Garuda bird, a mythical bird which comes from the country's historical epics.
What happened to Indonesia during World War II?
The Japanese took over possession of the islands when the Dutch colonial army surrendered in 1942.
What ancient language is the Pancasila based on?
The ancient language Sanskrit
How and where was the proclamation done?
The proclamation took place in Jakarta and was heard nationwide through a secret radio broadcast from a captured Japanese radio station called Jakarta Hoso Kyoku
How many feathers are on the wings, neck and tail and what do they represent?
There are 17 feathers on each wing, 8 on the tail and 45 on the neck. These represent the date Indonesia proclaimed independence on the 17th of August 1945
What did the Dutch establish in Indonesia?
They established an organized merchant trade to tap the rich spices.
Who was the composer of the national anthem?
Wage Rudolf Supratman
Which are Indonesia's leading industries?
food, beverages, textiles, cement, construction, fertilizer production, light manufacturing, wood processing, mineral, petroleum production and processing, aircraft manufacturing and tourism
What are Indonesia's natural resources?
oil, tin, natural gas, coal, nickel, copper, bauxite, timber, gold and silver
What are Indonesia's most successful agricultural products?
palm oil, cocoa, rubber, rice, tea, sugar, tobacco and spices
When did Indonesia proclaim independence? Who announced the independence?
17 August 1945, was announced by the president Soekarno and the vice president Hatta
How many islands are there in Indonesia?
17,500
How many provinces are there in Indonesia?
33
How many ethnic groups are there?
480
what percentage of the population lives on the island of Java?
70%
How many languages are spoken?
700
When was he Buddhist temple Borobudur built?
750-850 AD
