Inflammation
A client has HEP A; she is incontinent of urine and involuntary of stool, and is anorexic and weak. What kind of precautions should the patient be on?
Contact; HEP A is transmitted through fecal-oral matter.
Which of the following medications would the nurse expect the physician to order for a client with cirrhosis who develops portal hypertension?
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Acute gallbladder inflammation diet
The diet immediately after an episode of acute cholecystitis is initially limited to low-fat liquids. Cooked fruits, rice or tapioca, lean meats, mashed potatoes, bread, and coffee or tea may be added as tolerated. The client should avoid fried foods such as fried chicken, because fatty foods may bring on an episode of cholecystitis.
A client is evaluated for severe pain in the right upper abdominal quadrant, which is accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The physician diagnoses acute cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. For this client, which nursing diagnosis takes top priority?
Acute pain related to biliary spasms
A client is admitted to the health care facility with a diagnosis of a bleeding gastric ulcer. The nurse expects the client's stools to have which description?
Black and tarry
A patient is diagnosed with mild acute pancreatitis. What does the nurse understand is characteristic of this disorder?
Edema and inflammation
Acute pancreatitis labs
Elevated serum and urine amylase, lipase, and liver enzyme levels accompany significant pancreatitis. If the common bile duct is obstructed, the bilirubin level is above normal. Blood glucose levels and white blood cell counts can be elevated. Serum electrolyte levels (calcium, potassium, and magnesium) are low.
A client is admitted to the healthcare facility suspected of having acute pancreatitis and undergoes laboratory testing. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find?
Elevated urine amylase levels
What test should the nurse prepare the client for that will locate stones that have collected in the common bile duct?
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
a client with alcoholic cirrhosis is most likely to develop what complication?
Epitaxis due to decreased clotting ;; GI bleeding common also
A nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client with a history of pancreatitis. Which instruction is correct?
High carb, low fat diet
Which diet best meets the patients needs who was just diagnosed with cirrhosis?
High in protein, high in carbs due to possible malnutrition
The client has been taking famotidine (Pepcid) at home. The nurse prepares a teaching plan for the client indicating that the medication acts primarily to achieve which of the following?
Inhibit gastric acid secretions.
Different enzymes
Lipase is a pancreatic enzyme that aids in the digestion of fats. Amylase aids in the digestion of carbohydrates. Secretin is responsible for stimulating secretion of pancreatic juice. Trypsin aids in the digestion of protein.
When performing a physical examination on a client with cirrhosis, a nurse notices that the client's abdomen is enlarged. Which of the following interventions should the nurse consider
Measure abdominal girth according to a set routine.
Different types of jaundice
Obstructive jaundice is caused by a block in the passage of bile between the liver and intestinal tract. Hemolytic jaundice is caused by excess destruction of red blood cells. Hepatocellular jaundice is caused by liver disease. Cirrhosis of the liver would be an example of hepatocellular jaundice.
A client is admitted to the health care facility with abdominal pain, a low-grade fever, abdominal distention, and weight loss. The physician diagnoses acute pancreatitis. What is the primary goal of nursing care for this client?
Relieving pain;
A patient with acute pancreatitis puts the call bell on to tell the nurse about an increase in pain. The nurse observes the patient guarding; the abdomen is boardlike and no bowel sounds are detected. What is the major concern for this patient?
The patient has developed peritonitis.
an orange-yellow pigment formed in the liver by the breakdown of hemoglobin and excreted in bile
bilirubin
most likely source of HEP D?
blood transfusion; HEP D coinfects with HEP B
pt has been diagnosed with R/O ulcerative colitis. what would pt state?
cramping, intermittent pain in lower abdomen
what symptom of liver disease should the nurse expect to see in a patient with Laennecs cirrhosis?
dark urine; due to abnormal bilirubin
Which medication classification represents a proton (gastric acid) pump inhibitor? Sucralfate Omeprazole Famotidine Metronidazole
Omeprazole decreases gastric acid by slowing the hydrogen-potassium adenosine triphosphatase pump on the surface of the parietal cells
the nurse understands that what indicates the client is recovering from hepatitis?
serum aspirate aminotransferase; enzymes that are released from the liver due to damaged cells; elevated in liver damage NORMAL 10-40
