Informatics

A nurse is explaining how cognitive informatics helps improve information technology in health care. Which statement by the nurse is correct?

"Cognitive informatics examines how humans interact with computers so better information technology systems can be built."

A nurse is explaining justice in health care to a nursing student. Which statement is correct?

"Justice refers to fair, equitable, and appropriate treatment no matter what is owed to a person."

A nurse is teaching a nursing student about the use of social media and health care. Which statement is correct by the nurse?

"Nurses must use social media cautiously to protect patients' rights."

A nurse is explaining nursing informatics to a nursing student. Which statement by the nurse is correct?

"Nursing informatics integrates nursing sciences and analytical sciences."

Ethics is best described as:

. a goal-oriented approach to answering questions that potentially have multiple acceptable answers

A nurse is discussing options in the treatment plan with a patient who speaks another language. To enhance interaction and exchange of data and information, the nurse will use which of the following?

A technologically based translator

Paper documentation hinders which of the following?

Ability to share information

A new nurse is documenting in a patient's electronic health record when a visitor approaches the nurse to ask questions. What should the nurse do to ensure confidentiality and security of the patient's electronic health record?

Close the electronic health record immediately.

Which of the following activities is/are used to build a foundation of knowledge in professional practice? A. Reading research and theory articles B. Attending continuing education programs C. Consulting with expert colleagues and using clinical practice guidelines D. All of these

D. All of these

A decision support system in the electronic health record consists of: reminders and alerts to improve the diagnosis of a patient. B. screening for drug selection, dosing, and interactions. C. preventive health reminders. D. All of these are correct.

D. All of these are correct

A nurse's knowledge work includes interpreting trends in: A. laboratory results. B. symptoms. C. outcomes. D. All of these are correct

D. All of these are correct

An organization's confidentiality policy should clearly define: A. which data are confidential. B. procedures for releasing confidential information. C. procedures to follow if confidential information is accidentally released without authorization. D. All of these are correct.

D. All of these are correct

Clinical decision support systems help users to: A. consider consequences of alternative actions. B. provide stores of information. C. make decisions in unfamiliar circumstances. D. All of these are correct.

D. All of these are correct

HIPAA was enacted by the federal government for several purposes, including: A. better portability of health insurance as a worker moved from one job to another. B. deterrence of fraud, abuse, and waste within the healthcare delivery system. C. simplification of the administrative functions associated with the delivery of health care, such as reimbursement claims sent to Medicare and Medicaid. D. All of these are correct.

D. All of these are correct

Health information and data in the electronic health record consist of: A. demographics. B. medical diagnoses. C. medication lists and allergies. D. All of these are correct.

D. All of these are correct

Positive impacts noted with using an informatics system to manage patients with chronic illness include: A. guidelines adherence. B. a decrease in emergency department visits. C. improved provider documentation. D. All of these are correct.

D. All of these are correct

Some of the disciplines involved in cognitive science include: A. psychology and philosophy. B. neuroscience and linguistics. C. biology and physics. D. All of these are correct.

D. All of these are correct

Task analysis involves: A. inputs needed for the task. B. how a task must be accomplished. C. constraints on actors' choices on carrying out the task. D. All of these are correct.

D. All of these are correct

The prevalence of healthcare-associated infections demonstrates how the _______ can address healthcare quality issues.

Electronic health record

A password consisting of the ampersand character (&) and the user's birthdate is strong.

False

Current telehealth technologies are focused on clinicians being able to see patients and not interact with them since audio and streaming video capabilities are costly.

False

It is safe to open an email attachment from a known sender

False

Stage 1 meaningful use criteria focused on health information exchange and patient control over health data.

False

An informatics nurse is consulting with a healthcare organization for expansion of the electronic health record (EHR). Which of the following is a barrier to expansion of EHRs in healthcare organizations?

Financial barriers

What is the name of the federal legislation in the United States to control how financial institutions handle the private information they collect from individuals?

Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA)

How much is spent on health care in the United States per year?

Greater than $2 trillion

What is the human-technology interface?

Hardware and software that support humans interacting with technology

A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a patient with chest pain. Which of the following is a technology that the nurse would use to obtain objective data on the physical status of the patient?

Heart monitor

An example of an expert system is the:

Insulin pump

A nurse is documenting in the electronic health record and uses standardized terminology, which is important because:

It captures and codifies the work of nursing

A patient reviews inaccurate information about a medical condition on the Internet that results in a delay in care. This is a violation of which of the following?

Nonmaleficence

Which of the following terms is defined as any physical or mental health information created, received, or stored by a "covered entity" that can be used to identify an individual patient, regardless of the form of the health information.

Protected health information

A nurse is reading literature on cognitive science and understands that this discipline is influenced by which field of science?

Psychology

_________________ is the ability to manage results of all types electronically including laboratory and radiology procedure reports, both current and historical.

Results Management

Healthcare organizations typically do not encourage use of personal devices for professional matters, and in many instances they actually have policies in place forbidding employees from using personal devices in the workplace. What is an issue or are issues with "bring your own device" (BYOD)?

Security of PHI

Nursing informatics can be defined as which of the following?

The synthesis of nursing science, information science, computer science, and cognitive science for the purpose of managing, disseminating and enhancing healthcare data, information, knowledge, and wisdom to improve collaboration and decision making, provide high-quality patient care, and advance the profession of nursing.

Some organizations provide offsite employees such as homecare nurses with a network interface device that does not have secure information stored on it. These devices are also known as:

Thin clients

Which of the following best describes the central goal of nursing informatics?

To manage and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in the delivery of nursing care

An electronic health record may lead to better clinical decision making by integrating patient information from multiple sources.

True

Artificial intelligence is the field that deals with the conception, development, and implementation of informatics tools based on intelligent technologies. This field attempts to capture the complex processes of human thought and intelligence.

True

Browser privacy settings can control how cookies are used.

True

Chronic diseases are of major concern to the United States, not only because of the impact they have on individuals, but also because of the tremendous cost associated with providing treatment for patients with these conditions. Adult-onset diabetes, for example, has reached epidemic proportions. A national health information technology infrastructure will help providers better identify those patients who are at risk for developing this disease and provide treatment strategies to avoid it.

True

Cognitive task analysis usually starts by identifying, through interviews or questionnaires, the particular task and its typicality and frequency.

True

Ethical dilemmas arise when issues raise questions that cannot be answered with a simple, clearly defined rule, fact, or authoritative view.

True

Every nurse must commit to lifelong learning and the use of knowledge in practice in order to be successful.

True

Human-technology interface problems are a major cause of patient monitoring incidents. It is not always that the technology itself is faulty. In fact, the technology may perform flawlessly, but the interface design may cause human error.

True

Knowledge can be defined as the awareness and understanding of a set of information.

True

The HIPAA privacy requirements, which went into effect on April 14, 2003, limited the release of protected health information without the patient's knowledge and consent.

True

The electronic health record may be used to identify patients who qualify for research studies.

True

The human interfaces for each of the various technologies are different and can even differ among different brands or versions of the same device.

True

The popularity of social and mobile networking applications is one indication of how new Web-based technologies are changing communication preferences.

True

________ is the term that denotes the ease with which people can use an interface to achieve a particular goal.

Usability

Which of the following can be described as the appropriate use of knowledge to manage and solve human problems?

Wisdom

A nurse is considering a social convention about right and wrong human conduct that has formed a communal consensus, known as which of the following?

a moral

A nursing professional reads a nursing journal article on a new patient care technology. This nursing professional is:

acquiring knowledge.

Videoconferencing technology:

allows professionals to communicate more effectively and frequently with in-home patients.

Surveys of potential or actual users of a website can be conducted to:

assess preferences for a number of design characteristics such as display color, menu buttons, text, photo size, icon metaphor, and layout by selecting, on a computer screen, their preferences for each item from two or three options.

It is termed __________if a nurse knows that a colleague has accessed or attempted to access the record of a patient for whom the colleague is not providing care.

breach

Understanding of clinical practice decision making using cognitive science principles promotes the development of:

clinical decision support tools

A nurse is documenting patient data in the electronic health record, which will assist in:

communication with other healthcare providers

A nurse is reviewing the conceptual framework of nursing informatics and understands the first concept in this framework is:

data

Experts in computer science strive to understand how the mind processes:

data and information

Successful pre-live strategies in a change management plan developed for implementing an electronic health record will include all of the following except:

disciplinary measures for addressing resistance by professionals.

Acceptable use policies in an organization typically restrict downloads of files by employees because:

downloads increase vulnerabilities to viruses.

A strength of the FITT model is that it:

encourages the evaluator to examine the fit between each two of the components: user and technology, task and technology, and user and task

When a nurse uses information from other sources to help rethink, revise, and apply knowledge to a clinical situation, this is known as:

feedback

A nurse reviews the patient's electronic health record prior to meeting the patient. The nurse is:

gathering information and data.

Considering principles of cognitive informatics when designing technology interfaces helps to mitigate:

human mental workload

Computerized technologies will assist in the transformation of data into:

information

A nurse reviews the electronic health record of a patient and identifies a drug allergy to the medication that has been prescribed. The nurse has demonstrated

interpretation of data.

Organizations are able to monitor who is using the organizational network and what files that user has accessed, because any use of an electronic network:

leaves a digital footprint.

The nurse violates a patient's confidentiality and right to privacy by

looking up a colleague's diagnosis and laboratory results.

New technologies used in health care, such as smartphones and Google Glass, create potential ethical issues associated with:

privacy and confidentiality.

A hardware security tool that helps protect an organization against security breaches by issuing masks to protect the identity of a corporation's employees who are accessing the Internet is a(n):

proxy server

The main goal of any ethical decision is to:

reach a rational justifiable decision.

A nurse is caring for a patient who experiences a complication after surgery. The nurse understands the cause-and-effect relationship because her knowledge is based in:

reason

An ID badge is an example of authentication by:

something the user has

Extended and expanded access to clinical research findings and decision support tools has been significantly influenced by the advent of computerization and the Internet.

true

Two ethics approaches that emphasize considerations for human needs and responsibility to meet needs are:

virtue and care ethics

Behaviors leading to unintentional data breaches include:

walking away from a workstation without logging off.