Informatics Quiz 4 CH 18-20

Portfolio

A collection of evidence used to demonstrate knowledge and skill achievement. A nursing portfolio provides the opportunity for a student to document a variety of sometimes unquantifiable skills, such as creativity, communication, and critical thinking.

Community risk assessment (CRA)

A comprehensive examination of a community to identify factors that potentially affect the health of the members of that community. Often used in public health program planning.

Podcast

A digital media file or collection of related files that are distributed over the Internet using syndication or subscription feeds for playback on portable media players such as MP3 players, laptops, and personal computers. Subscribe using RSS feeds. Online media delivery. Enhanced podcasts contain slides and pictures. Vodcasts contain videos.

Really simple syndication (RSS)

A form of Web feed formats used to publish frequently updated content in podcasts, blog entries, or even news headlines. Subscribers receive update notices whenever new content is added or a site is updated. Also known as RDF site summary (RSS 1.0 and RSS 0.90) and rich site summary (RSS 0.91).

Personal digital assistant (PDA)

A handheld device, miniature or small computer or palmtop that uses a pen for inputting instead of a keyboard. Also called a handheld computer. Also known as personal digital assistive.

High fidelity

A high level of realism generated by the equipment used in simulations.

Copyright

A legal term used by many governments around the world that gives the inventor or designer of an original product sole or exclusive rights to that product for a limited time; the same laws that cover physical books, artwork, and other creative material are still applicable in the digital world.

Surveillance data systems

A networked computer system designed to use health-related data trends to predict the probability of an outbreak of a contagious or infectious disease, or to detect morbidity and mortality trends in a geographic area as a precursor to public health planning or response.

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

An assessment system initially designed to collect information on the movement of mentally impaired persons from state-operated facilities into community settings. The assessments have been expanded to include other populations and are designed to determine the effectiveness of programs in meeting healthcare needs of at-risk populations.

Youth Risk Behaviour Surveillance System

An epidemiologic survey conducted by the CDC to identify and track the most common health risk behaviors that lead to illnesses and mortality among youth.

Simulation

An imitation of a real-life event or circumstance; in nursing education, the replication of a clinical scenario developed to provide an opportunity for practice in a mock situation.

Computer assisted instruction (CAI)

Any instruction that is aided by the use of a computer.

Store and forward telehealth transmission

Application of telehealth care, in which images and other clinical data are captured and transmitted to specialist clinicians.

Electronic mailing list

Automatic mailing list server such as LISTSERV that sends an e-mail that is addressed to the list to everyone who has subscribed to the list automatically. Similar to an electronic bulletin board or news forum.

National Center for Public Health Informatics

Center created in 2005 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to provide leadership in the field of public health informatics.

Hypertext

Clickable words that allow users to access another document at a remote location.

Social media

Communication tools such as Twitter and Facebook that promote real-time information exchange.

Continuing education

Coursework or training completed postbaccalaureate, often for the purpose of recertification.

Risk assessment

Determination of risk or danger, such as assessing for risk factors related to heart disease.

Compact disk read only memory (CDROM)

Disc that can hold approximately 700 megabytes of data accessible by a computer.

Fair use

Doctrine that permits the limited use of original works without the copyright holder's permission; an example would be quoting or citing an author in a scholarly manuscript.

Patient informed consent

Document that a patient signs to agree to treatment. Document that a home healthcare patient signs to agree to receive telehealthcare services in addition to conventional home health care.

Distance education

Education provided from a remote location.

E learning

Electronic learning or learning that is facilitated by electronic means such as computers and the Internet. E-learning, online, and Web-based education has caused a significant shift in student-teacher relationships in nursing education.

E mail

Electronic mail. To compose, send, receive, and store messages in electronic communication systems.

Instant message (IM)

Form of real-time communication between two or more people based on typed text conveyed via computers connected over a network.

Telenursing

Health services delivered by telecommunications-ready tools supervised or directed by a nurse.

Telemedicine

Health services delivered by telecommunications-ready tools supervised or directed by a physician.

Telehealth care

Health services delivered by telecommunications-ready tools, usually supervised by a nurse or other clinician.

Smartphone

A cell phone that has limited personal digital assistant capabilities. Smartphones have limited personal computer functionality; they have an operating system and facilitate the use of e-mail and other applications.

Web based

Originating from the World Wide Web.

MP3 aggregator

A program that can facilitate the process of finding, subscribing to, and downloading podcasts. A commonly known aggregator is Apple Computer's iTunes, which is a free program available as a download from apple.com. Using a program such as iTunes gives one the ability to search for podcasts based on many criteria including category, author, or title. iTunes provides access to audio downloads, which may be either songs or podcasts.

Second Life

A proprietary virtual reality tool that allows users to create virtual communities.

Regional health information exchange

A regional network of healthcare organizations and providers who exchange information related to the health of the population. The goal is to work together without duplication to provide cost effective health care and promote community well-being.

Syndromic surveillance

A specialized system of data collection to detect trends in the incidence and severity of a specific disease or health-related syndrome and plan the public health response.

Resource description framework (RDF)

A structure of consistent semantics adopted by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) to promote encoding, exchange, and reuse of metadata.

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

A survey sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that combines both questionnaires and physical examinations to collect data on the health and nutritional status of adults and children in the United States.

Public health interventions

Actions taken to promote and secure the wellbeing of a population or a community.

Digital pen

Actual writing implement that can also digitally capture handwriting or drawings. It is battery operated and generally comes with a universal serial bus (USB) cradle that permits uploading captured materials to one's desktop, laptop, or palmtop computer. The user can use it as a ballpoint pen and write on regular paper just as he would with a normal pen, or he can capture it digitally after writing on digital paper.

Home health care

Alternate site for healthcare services typically focusing on posthospital discharge patient needs.

Case study

An account of a nursing informatics activity, event, or problem containing some of the background and complexities actually encountered by a nurse. The case is used to enhance one's learning about nursing informatics principles, practices, and trends. Each case describes a series of events that reflect the nursing informatics episode as it actually occurred.

National health information network

An agency of Health and Human Services charged with the development of a safe, secure, interoperable health information infrastructure.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

An agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services that works to protect public health and safety related to disease control and prevention.

Public health informatics

An aspect of informatics focused on the promotion of health and disease prevention in populations and communities.

Home telehealth care

Home healthcare clinical and educational services provided via telecommunications-ready tools.

Real time

Human time; occurs live with users or learners interacting at the same time.

Avatars

Image on the Internet that represents the user in virtual communities or other interactions on the Internet; 3-dimensional or 2-dimensional image representing one user on the Internet.

Crowdsourcing

Information generated by individuals on social media.

Blog

Interactive, online weblog. Typically a combination of what is happening on the Web as well as what is happening in the blogger's or the creator's life. A blog is as unique as the blogger or person creating it. Thought of as a diary and guide.

Tutorial

Learning materials available to the learner, who must then be selfdirected to study the specific topical area presented.

Real time telehealth

Live interactions between two or more clinicians, usually performed with videoconferencing equipment.

Webcast

Media distributed over the Internet as a broadcast; uses streaming media technology to facilitate downloading and participation. It could be distributed in real time, live, or recorded for asynchronous interaction.

Scenario

Mock description of a situation or series of events.

Foundation of Knowledge model

Model that proposes that humans are organic information systems constantly acquiring, processing, and generating information or knowledge in both their professional and personal lives. The organizing framework of this text.

Face to face

Most widely used teaching method among nurse educators where teacher and learners meet together in one location at the same time.

Central stations

Multifunctional telehealthcare platforms for receiving, retrieving, and/or displaying patients' vital signs and other information transmitted from telecommunications-ready medical devices.

Web servers

Multifunctional telehealthcare platforms for receiving, retrieving, and/or displaying patients' vital signs and other information transmitted from telecommunications-ready medical devices.

Digital versatile disk or digital video disk (DVD)

Optical disc storage format that can generally hold or store more than six times the amount of data that a CD can.

Chronic disease

Range of long-term diseases, such as congestive heart failure, diabetes, and respiratory ailments.

Peripheral biometric (medical) devices

Range of telecommunications-ready measurement devices, such as blood pressure cuffs and blood glucose meters, that typically use the household telephone jack to transmit patient data to a central server location.

Medication management devices

Range of telecommunications-ready medication devices to remind or otherwise alert patients to medication compliance needs. MEDLINE A database that contains more than 10 million records, maintained and produced by the National Library of Medicine.

Information literacy

Recognizing when information is needed and having the ability to locate, evaluate, and effectively use the needed information. An intellectual framework for finding, understanding, evaluating, and using information

Call centers

Registered nurse-staffed facilities at which nurses typically act as case managers for callers or perform patient triage.

Telemonitoring

Remote measurement of patients' vital signs and other necessary data.

Suicide Prevention Community Assessment Tool

Risk assessment method that addresses general community information, prevention networks, and the demographics of the target population as well as community assets and risk factors.

Videopod

Self-contained system with a video transmitter.

Wiki

Server software that allows users to create, edit, and link Web page content from any Web browser. Server software that supports hyperlinks. The simplest online database; used to develop collaborative Web sites.

Personal emergency response system

Signaling devices for patients to access emergency and other care needs.

Role playing

Situation that allows students to try on real-life scenarios by filling either prescripted or ad-libbed roles (doctor, nurse, patient, clinician, etc.) without the fear or pressure of putting another's life at risk while trying to determine the best course of action or find a solution to a fictitious patient's health issue.

Net Generation

Students used to surfing the Web and interacting online.

Online chat

Synchronous interaction with another person facilitated by an Internet connection technology.

Sensor and activity monitoring systems

Systems for tracking activities of daily living of seniors and other at-risk individuals in their places of residence. Additional applications are sensors' use in detecting anomalies or problems such as faucets and stoves left turned on.

Virtual reality

Technology that simulates reality in a virtual medium.

Telehealth

Telecommunication technologies used to deliver health-related services or to connect patients and healthcare providers to maximize patients' health status. A relatively new term in our medical/nursing vocabulary, referring to a wide range of health services that are delivered by telecommunicationsready tools such as the telephone, videophone, and computer.

Telephony

Telephone monitoring of patients at their residences by off-site telenurses.

Hybrid

That which defines individual courses in which instruction is delivered using multiple formats such as online, face to face, print-based, or audio or videoconference such as PicTel.

Asynchronous

That which is not synchronous. Not in real time, or does not occur or exist at the same time, having the same period or time frame. Learning anywhere and anytime using Internet and World Wide Web software tools (course management systems, e-mail, electronic bulletin boards,Web pages, etc.) as the principal delivery mechanisms for instruction.

Web enhanced

That which uses the World Wide Web to enhance or promote functions or tasks such as effective learning and skill acquisition.

Computer based

That which uses the computer to interact; the computer is the base tool.

iPod

The name given to a family of portable MP3 players from Apple Computer.

Public health

The science of protecting the well-being of communities and the population through education, research, intervention, and prevention.

Collaboration

The sharing of ideas and experiences for the purposes of mutual understanding and learning.

Epidemiology

The study of identifying things that come upon the people. Incidence, prevalence, and control of disease. Case finding.

Bioterrorism

The use of pathogens or other potentially harmful biologic agents to sicken or kill members of a targeted population. Informatics database applications are used to track strategic indicators, such as emergency room visits, disease case reports, frequency and type of lab testing ordered by physicians and/or nurse practitioners, missed work, and over-the-counter medication purchases, that may indicate an outbreak that can be attributed to bioterrorism.

Advocate

To act in the patients' best interest; to act and/or speak on our patients' behalf; to make the healthcare delivery system responsive to our patients' needs.

Portals

Tools for organizing information from Web pages into simple menus on one's desktop. Also, multifunctional telehealthcare platforms for receiving, retrieving, and/or displaying patients' vital signs and other information transmitted from telecommunications-ready medical devices.

Problem based

Typically refers to a type of student-centered instructional strategy where students collaboratively solve problems and reflect on their experiences.

Teleradiology

Use of telecommunications technology to electronically transmit and exchange radiographic patient images with the consultative text or radiologist reports from one location to another.

Telepathology

Use of telecommunications technology to facilitate the transmission and transfer of pathology data for the purposes of diagnosis, education, and research. Transmission and exchange of image-rich pathology data between remote locations.

Audiopod

Utility to download podcasts.

Webinar

Web based seminar. Web conferencing that allows a presenter to share his or her computer screen/files and collaborate with the audience; attendance is controlled by an access code.

WiFi

Wireless technology brand owned by Wi-Fi Alliance, which is used to improve the interoperability of wireless networking devices.

Multimedia

computer based technology that incorporates traditional forms of communication to create a seamless and interactive learning environment.