Information Systems Chapter 5 Questions
In the context of a database management system (DBMS), a(n) _____ interacts with other programs or applicationsand only indirectly interacts with people or users
Back-end application
_____ is the term used to describe enormous and complex data collections that traditional data management software,hardware, and analysis processes are incapable of dealing with them
Big data
_____ is a method of dealing with a situation in which two or more users or applications need to access the same record at the same time
Concurrency
A _____ is a simple database program whose records have no relationship to one another.
Flat file
A(n) _____ is designed to store and retrieve data in a manner that does not rigidly enforce the atomic conditions associated with the relational database model in order to provide faster performance and greater scalability
NoSQL
______ is a form of database processing that supports top-down, query-driven data analysis
Online analytical processing
_____ is a form of data mining that combines historical data with assumptions about future conditions to forecast the outcomes of events
Predictive analysis
Some databases use ______, which is a visual approach to developing queries and requests
Query by Example
_____ is a special-purpose programming language for accessing and manipulating data stored in a relational database
SQL
A _____ is a description that involves "telling" the database management system (DBMS) the logical and physical structure of the data and the relationships among the data for each user.
Schema
Basic data manipulations include _____ that involves eliminating rows in a relational database according to certain criteria.
Selecting
(T/F) A data warehouse stores historical data that has been extracted from operational systems and external sources.
T
(T/F) A database administrator (DBA) must have a clear understanding of the fundamental business of an organization, be proficient in the use of selected database management systems, and stay abreast of emerging technologies and new design approaches
T
(T/F) A database management system (DBMS) serves as an interface between an application program and a database.
T
(T/F) A database, a database management system, and the application programs that use the data make up a database environment
T
(T/F) A field is typically a name, number, or combination of characters that describes an aspect of a business object.
T
(T/F) In the context of relational database model, projecting involves eliminating columns in a table
T
(T/F) In the relational model, each row in a table represents an entity, and each column represents an attribute of that entity
T
(T/F) Often, distinct yet related databases are linked to provide enterprise-wide databases
T
(T/F) One of the primary advantages of a relational database is that it allows tables to be linked to reduce data redundancy and allow data to be organized more logically.
T
(T/F) Predictive analysis is a form of data mining that combines historical data with assumptions about future conditions to predict outcomes of events
T
(T/F) The relational database model is currently the most widely used
T
(T/F) Unstructured data comes from sources such as word-processing documents and scientific research
T
(T/F) When organizing a database, one of the key considerations includes determining who will have access to the collected data.
T
(T/F)A database must reflect the business processes of an organization.
T
Most of the data that an organization must deal with is _____ data, meaning that it is not organized in any predefined manner
Unstructured
In a relational database model, the range of allowable values for a data attribute is called its _____
domain
A collection of related records is called a(n) _____
file
A database is a collection of integrated and related _______
files
Together, bits, characters, fields, records, files, and databases form the ______
hiearchy of data
A(n) _____ is a database management system that stores the entire database in random access memory (RAM)
in-memory database
A(n) _____ is a field or set of fields in a record that uniquely identifies the record
primary key
A(n) _____ is a field or set of fields that uniquely identifies a record.
primary key
A collection of fields all related to a single object, activity, or individual is a(n) _______
record
In the relational database model, each row of a table represents a(n) _____
record
Oracle, IBM DB2, Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Access, MySQL, and Sybas are databases based on the _____ model.
relational
The _____ model has become the most popular database model
relational
A description that tells the database management system (DBMS) the logical and physical structure of the data and the relationships among the data for each user is called a(n) _____
schema
The term _____ describes the steps an organization takes to protect information sought by "hostile" intelligence gathers.
Counterintelligence
Which of the following statements is true of a database? a. It is accessed primarily for use by anorganization's database administrator and data administrator b. It provides an essential foundation for anorganization's knowledge management and artificialintelligence systems c. It is a collection of unstructured data d. It helps companies analyze information to open newmarket opportunities
D
The position of a _____ is a nontechnical position responsible for defining and implementing consistent principles forsetting data standards and data definitions that apply across all the databases in an organization
Data administrator
_____ is the process of detecting and then correcting or deleting incomplete, incorrect, inaccurate, irrelevant records that reside in a database
Data cleansing
A ______ is a collection of instructions and commands used to define and describe data and relationships in a specific database.
Data definition language
A(n) _____ is a collection of instructions and commands used to define and describe data and relationships in a specific database
Data definition language
______ is an information-analysis tool that involves the automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data warehouse
Data mining
With _____, the database is stored on a service provider's server and accessed by the client over a network, typically the Internet.
Database as a Service
Each attribute in a relational database model can be constrained to a range of allowable values called a _____
Domain
Data warehouses allow managers to _____ to get increasing levels of detail about business conditions
Drill down
_____ is an approach that starts by investigating the general data and information needs of an organization at the strategic level and then examines more specific data and information needs for the functional areas and departments within the organization
Enterprise Data Modeling
Data modeling done at the level of an entire enterprise is called _____
Enterprise data modeling
A(n) _____ is a diagram of entities and their relationships
Entity-relationship diagram
______ use basic graphical symbols to show an organization of and relationships between data
Entity-relationship diagram
(T/F) An attribute is a general class of people, places, or things for which data is collected, stored, and maintained.
F
(T/F) Competitive intelligence is espionage
F
(T/F) Counterintelligence turns data into useful information that is kept closely guarded to avoid this information fromfalling into the hands of the wrong employees
F
(T/F) Online analytical processing and data mining are essentially the same thing
F
(T/F) Oracle is currently the market leader in general purpose databases, with about three-fourths of the multibillion dollar database market
F
(T/F) To use the database approach to data management, no additional software is required
F
(T/F) Today, most organizations use the traditional approach to data management, where multiple information systems share a pool of related data
F
(T/F) Two sets of fields can have a common primary key
F
(T/F) A database administrator is an important nontechnical position responsible for defining and implementing consistent principles for a variety of data issues, including setting data standards and data definitions that apply across all the databases in an organization
F (data admin)
(T/F) A data model is a diagram of data attributes and their relationships
F (entities, not attributes)
(T/F) One of the final steps in installing and using a large database involves "telling" the database management system (DBMS) the logical and physical structure of the data and the relationships among the data for each user
F (one of the first)
(T/F) In the context of relational database model, selecting involves combining two or more tables
F (one or more)
(T/F) A collection of data fields all related to one object, activity, or individual is called a file.
F (this would be a record)
(T/F) The relational model describes data using a standard tabular format; all data elements are placed in three-dimensional tables called relations, which are the logical equivalent of files
F (two-dimensional)
(T/F) Online analytical processing involves the automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data warehouse
F (would be data mining)
(T/F) The specific value of an attribute is called a data entity
F(data item)
In a relational database model, _____ involves combining two or more tables
Joining
_____ are quantifiable measurements that assess progress toward organizational goals and reflect the critical success factors of an organization
Key performance indicators
The smallest piece of data used by a computer is a(n) ______
bit
A business intelligence _____ is a data visualization tool that displays the current status of the key performance indicators (KPIs) for an organization.
dashboard
A(n) ______ is an individual responsible for defining and implementing consistent principles for a variety of data issues.
data administrator
As long as the tables in a relational database share one common _____, the tables can be linked to provide useful information and reports
data attribute
The _____ is a specific language, provided with a database management system (DBMS) that allows users to access and modify the data, to make queries, and to generate reports
data definition language
A(n) _____ is a detailed description of all data used in a database
data dictionary
A _____ is a subset of a data warehouse that is used by small- and medium-sized businesses and departments within large companies to support decision making.
data mart
Social graph analysis is a(n) _____ technique in which data is represented as networks where the vertices are the individual data points (social network users) and the edges are the connections among them
data visualization
A(n) ______ is an individual who is expected to have a clear understanding of the fundamental business of anorganization, be proficient in the use of selected database management systems, and stay abreast of emerging technologies and new design approaches
database administrator
A(n) ______ consists of a group of programs that manipulate the database and provide an interface between the database and its users and other application programs.
database management system