Inquizitive Chapter 1 Test (Intro: The Citizen and Government)

Complete the sentence: "Whereas _____ limits the role of government, ______ implies an obligation of the government to the people."

"Liberty" and "Equality"; The goals of equality and liberty typically contradict one another, as achieving the goals of equality typically requires limiting others' liberty.

Complete the following statement "The tension that comes with trying to balance majority rule and minority rights is one of the conflicts that come about with a commitment to _______."

"democracy"

Complete the sentence: "People who have _____ incomes and live in ____ areas are less likely to have Internet access and less likely to participate in "digital citizenship."

"lower" & "rural"; Some groups have better Internet access and are able to participate online better than others.

Complete the following statement: "Political efficacy is the idea that _______ citizens can influence the government and its policies. The number of Americans who have a sense of political efficacy has ______ over time."

"ordinary" and "decreased"

Complete the following statement: "Conflict over the direction, identity, and resources of an organization is _________. The ability to influence that process is __________."

"politics" and "power"

Complete the sentence: "As political efficacy and trust decrease, government decisions are made by a ______ group of people, which ______ the notion of government by the people."

"smaller" and "undermines"

Which of the following are reasons it is important for Americans to trust their government?

1.) Trust is important to attract talented people to work the government. Talented individuals who do not trust the government may instead opt for private sector work, reducing the government's effectiveness. 2.) A lack of trust could endanger tax revenue.; People who do not trust their government are less willing to pay the necessary taxes for desired services. 3.) A mistrusted government can do little to work with its citizens.; If citizens do not trust the government, they are less likely to come to it for assistance or accept offers of aid.

Roughly what percent of the world's population live in a country with enough political and personal freedom to be classified as a constitutional democracy?

40%; Only those living in about 86 countries enjoy the freedoms of a constitutional democracy. Slightly less than half of the world's population lives in a constitutional democracy.

Why is political knowledge necessary for citizens?

Correct Answer(s) a.) It helps protect their rights; Citizens must know what their government is up to in order to hold it accountable for any transgressions of rights. b.) It can advance citizen interests; Citizens must know which politicians support what policies in order to see their own interests, such as retirement benefits or health care, considered by government.

Which statements accurately reflect the relationship between age and political participation?

Correct Answer(s) a.) The rates of citizens displaying campaign materials is low, but it increases with age; Rates of participation increase over time—from 12 percent among 17- to 24-year-olds, to 20 percent among those who are 65 or older. b.) Age has no consistent impact on people's propensity to attend a political meeting or rally; Participation in attending political events is low across the board.

Match the political example with the type of democracy it demonstrates.

Direct Democracy a.) California's citizens vote to recall their governor. b.) A state constitution is amended following a referendum. Representative Democracy a.) A major bill that many legislators campaigned on passes Congress. b.) Congress votes to impeach an unpopular president. c.) A major bill supported by the majority of citizens passes a state legislature.

Ballot initiatives and referenda in the United States are examples of what kind of democracy?

Direct; Direct democracy usually only works on a small scale or on limited things. Could you imagine having to vote every day on the potentially hundreds of complex issues that Congress deals with on a daily basis?

True or False: When power is in the hands of a single individual, or a small group of powerful individuals, the government often cares about what the people want.

False. In an authoritarian or totalitarian system, the rulers hold the power by force, not by popular support.

Which of the following examples meet the definition of a government?

Government a.) A group of tribal elders meets to discuss issues and make decisions for the tribe. b.) A military commander seizes a country by force, replacing the government. c.) The population of an island gather once per year to settle grievances and find solutions to common problems. Not Government a.) An organization manages extracurricular activities throughout a state. b.) A university administration manages the provision of services to students.

Select all of the following that the textbook identifies as being at the core of American values.

Liberty, Equality (of opportunity) and Democracy

The Bill of Rights of the U.S. Constitution primarily addresses which core American value?

Liberty; The Bill of Rights lays out Americans' civil liberty protections from the government by stating what the government cannot do to citizens.

Match the following services to the level of government that provides them.

Local a.) running water; Local governments provide water to their citizens either through private contractors or a public organization. State b.) speed limits on major highways; State governments set speed limits on major highways, though they do so subject to general federal guidelines that are tied to receiving federal highway funding. Federal c.) standardized time; The federal government has the scope necessary to standardize time across the country. d.) copyright protection; The federal government controls patent and copyright law, and federal courts prosecute those who violate it.

Match the citizen group to their likelihood of participating in digital citizenship.

More Likely ~ Millennials & Whites Less Likely ~The Elderly ~African-Americans ~Latinos

What is the best definition of "digital citizenship?"

Participation in society through the internet; More and more Americans get their news from online sources and use the Internet to facilitate political activity.

Increasing one's political efficacy typically starts with increasing one's....?

Political knowledge; More than anything else, effective participation requires political knowledge.

The idea of popular sovereignty means that political authority ultimately rests in....

The hands of the people; Ultimately, politicians in the United States are accountable to the people.

Select the option that best describes the relationship between being politically informed and public trust in government.

The informed public trusts the government more than the uninformed; The informed populace places a greater degree of trust in government.

How has the power of the federal government developed over time?

The power of the federal government has increased over time.

True or False: When most Americans say equality is an important value, they define equality as the opportunity for everyone to have a fair chance to succeed, and not the equality of outcomes.

True. Most Americans believe in equality of opportunity, that all be given a fair shot at success. This has been difficult to achieve in a society as large and diverse as America's.

Which act is considered the building block of citizenship?

Voting

Which of the following statements about socioeconomic status in America is true?

Wealth inequality has grown over the last 40 years. The share of income that the top one percent have earned has gone from 9 percent in 1976 to 20 percent in 2012.

What two factors led to the development of constitutional democracies in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries?

a.) Governments started recognizing legal limits on their power. & b.) Some governments began giving citizens political voice through the vote; Democracies are defined by the formal inclusion of the public in political decisions.

When have Americans typically been supportive of giving the national government power?

a.) Periods of war; The national government grew in size and scope during WWII and after 9/11. b.) Periods of economic downturn; When the economy tumbles, Americans are far more likely to ask the government for support programs.

Laissez-faire __________ means an economic system with little government regulation or interference.

capitalism