Integumentary System

Sodium hypochlorite is prescribed for a client with a leg wound containing purulent drainage. The nurse is assisting in developing a plan of care for the client and includes which in the plan?

Ensure that the solution is freshly prepared before use.

The nurse inspects the skin of a client receiving external radiation therapy and documents a finding as moist desquamation. The nurse understands that moist desquamation is best described as which?

Weeping of the skin

The nurse reinforces instructions to a group of clients regarding measures that will assist with the prevention of skin cancer. Which statement by a client indicates the need for further teaching?

"I need to avoid sun exposure before 10:00 am and after 4:00 pm."

The nurse reinforces discharge instructions regarding skin care to a client after the grafting of burn injuries of the left chest and left arm. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?

"I should never wear warm clothing over the newly healed skin area."

The nurse reinforces instructions to a client who has complained of chronic dry skin and episodes of pruritus. Which client statement indicates the need for further teaching?

"I should use a dehumidifier, especially during the winter months."

An adult client was burned as a result of an explosion. The burn initially affected the client's entire face (the anterior half of the head) and the upper half of the anterior torso, and there were circumferential burns to the lower half of both arms. The client's clothes caught on fire and the client ran, which caused subsequent burn injuries of the posterior surface of the head and the upper half of the posterior torso. According to the rule of nines, what is the extent of this client's burn injury? Fill in the blank.

36%

Which clients are at risk for developing skin breakdown? Select all that apply.

A client who is underweight A client diagnosed with heart failure A client diagnosed with spinal cord injury

The nurse notes that a client is due in hydrotherapy for a burn dressing change in 30 minutes. The nurse plans to take which action next in the care of this client?

Administer an opioid analgesic last taken 6 hours ago.

A client with a burn injury begins to cry and states to the nurse, "I don't want anyone seeing me. I look awful." The nurse determines that the client is experiencing which associated problem?

Appearance

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of pemphigus. The nurse should include which interventions in the plan of care for the client? Select all that apply.

Applying prescribed topical antibiotic Applying Domeboro solution to the affected skin Administering prescribed corticosteroid

The client recovering from a third-degree burn asks the nurse about grafts. The nurse explains to the client that the best type of graft is which?

Autograft

The nurse is preparing a poster for a health fair about prevention and early detection of skin cancer. The nurse should include on the poster instructions to avoid which activities?

Being in the sun for prolonged periods during the daytime hours to ensure absorption of vitamin D

The nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client on how to care for a punch biopsy site after the procedure is done. Which should the nurse include in the instructions? Select all that apply.

Change the bandage daily until site is healed. Apply topical antibiotic ointment as prescribed.

The nurse inspects the oral cavity of a client with cancer and notes white patches on the mucous membranes. The nurse interprets this occurrence as which outcome?

Characteristic of a thrush infection

The nurse is assessing the skin on a client who is immobile and notes the presence of a stage 2 pressure injury in the sacral area. Which nursing actions will encourage healing of a stage 2 pressure injury? Select all that apply.

Clean with mild soap and water. Encourage adequate nutritional intake. Apply a dressing that allows oxygen to pass through.

A client is receiving topical corticosteroid therapy in the treatment of psoriasis. The nurse expects the health care provider to prescribe which measure to maximize the effectiveness of this therapy?

Covering the application with a warm, moist dressing and an occlusive outer wrap

A client has a noninfected pressure injury on the left heel. The nurse should use which sterile solution to cleanse the wound as part of a dressing change procedure?

Normal saline

The nurse is checking for the presence of cyanosis in a dark-skinned client. Which body area should provide the best information?

Palms of the hands

A client with jaundice is complaining of pruritus. Which strategy should the nurse institute to help control the problem and prevent injury?

Pat the skin dry after bathing.

The nurse reinforces home care instructions with a client diagnosed with impetigo. Which statement indicates the need for further teaching about the measures that will prevent the spread of infection?

"My clothes can be laundered with other household members' clothes."

The nurse is caring for a client with circumferential burns of both legs. Which leg position is appropriate for this type of a burn?

Elevation above the level of the heart

The nurse is reviewing the health care provider's prescriptions written for a client admitted with a diagnosis of acute cellulitis of the lower leg. The nurse should question which prescription?

Apply cold compresses to the affected area.

A client sustains a burn injury to the entire right and left arms, including the hands. Which emergency interventions should the nurse take before transferring the client to the burn center? Select all that apply.

Apply cool water to the area. Wrap burned fingers separately to prevent sticking together. Cover the burns with a clean dry cloth as directed by a burn center.

The nurse is reinforcing sun exposure precautions to a group of older clients. Which should the nurse include in the instructions? Select all that apply.

Apply sunscreen liberally 15 to 30 minutes before sun exposure. Use a sun protection factor (SPF) of at least 30 with UVA and UVB protection. It is best to avoid exposure to the sun during the day between 10:00 am and 4:00 pm.

A client comes to a health care provider's office complaining of a bite on the arm. The client reports that he recently removed a tick from the same location. Which characteristic is a classic sign of Lyme disease that can result from an infected tick?

Bull's-eye rash`

A client with psoriasis has been prescribed coal tar for use in the treatment of the disorder. In reinforcing instructions to the client about the medication, the nurse incorporates which aspect of this medication?

Can stain the skin and hair

The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to a client who had a skin biopsy. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?

"I will remove the dressing when I get home and wash the site with tap water."

The nurse reinforces discharge instructions to a client following patch testing. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?

"If the patch comes off, I need to reapply it."

A client is being admitted to the hospital for the treatment of acute cellulitis of the lower left leg. The client asks the nurse to explain what cellulitis means. Which response should the nurse give to the client's question?

"It is a skin infection that involves the deeper skin layers and subcutaneous fat."

A client calls the emergency department and tells the nurse that he has been cleaning a wooded area and that he came into direct contact with poison ivy shrubs. The client tells the nurse that he cannot see anything on the skin and asks the nurse what to do. The nurse makes which statement to the client?

"Take a shower immediately, and lather and rinse several times."

A client asks the nurse about the causes of acne. The nurse should respond by making which statement to the client?

"The exact cause of acne is not known."

After 7 days of wound care, a client who has a well-granulated pressure injury reports to the nurse, "I'm feeling better overall." Which nursing intervention most likely contributed to the client's feelings?

Ambulation three times daily

Using the rule of nines, calculate the burn percentage for the client. Which matches your calculations? Refer to the figure; the burned area is the darkly shaded area. Fill in the blank. Refer to figure.

19

A client arrives at the emergency department and has experienced frostbite to the right hand. What should the nurse expect to find when inspecting the client's hand?

A white color of the skin which is insensitive to touch

A client with a burn injury is scheduled for an autograft. The nurse is planning care for the client for immediately after the graft procedure. Which should the nurse include in the plan of care? Select all that apply.

Administering pain medications as prescribed Monitoring the donor site and the graft site for signs of infection

An older client is transferred to the nursing unit following a graft to a stage 4 pressure injury. Which combination of dietary items should the nurse encourage the client to eat to promote wound healing?

Chicken breast, broccoli, strawberries, milk.

The health care provider suspects a client has herpes zoster. To confirm the diagnosis of herpes zoster, for which diagnostic test does the nurse gather equipment?

Culture of the lesion

The nurse is caring for a client after an autograft of a burn wound on the right knee. Which position should the nurse anticipate being prescribed for the client?

Elevating and immobilizing the affected leg

A client has sustained partial-thickness burns on the posterior thorax and legs. The nurse who is assisting in caring for the client should monitor for which sign/symptom during the first 24 hours after the burn injury?

Elevated hematocrit levels

The nurse is caring for a postoperative client. The nurse knows that the primary processes of normal wound healing include which phases? Select all that apply.

Inflammatory or (lag) phase Maturation or (remodeling) phase Proliferative or (connective tissue repair) phase

A client arrives at the health care clinic and tells the nurse that he was just bitten by a tick and would like to be tested for Lyme disease. Which nursing action is appropriate?

Inform the client that he will need to return in 4 to 6 weeks to be tested because testing before this time is not reliable.

The client, diagnosed with Lyme disease stage 2, asks the nurse "what is indicative of stage 2?" The nurse explains to the client that which sign or symptom is assessed in stage 2?

Neurological deficits

The evening nurse reviews the nursing documentation in the client's chart and notes that the day nurse has documented that the client has a stage 2 pressure injury in the sacral area. What should the nurse expect to find when checking the client's sacral area?

Partial-thickness skin loss of the epidermis

A client enters the ambulatory clinic, stating she has just been stung by a bee. Her vital signs are stable, and she has no previously known allergy to bee stings. The "stinger" is still visible in her arm. What should be the nurse's first action?

Use the edge of a sterile surgical tool to scrape out the stinger.

The nurse is assigned to care for a client with herpes zoster. Based on an understanding of the cause of this disorder, the nurse determines that this definitive diagnosis was made by which diagnostic test?

Positive culture results

The nurse is assigned to assist in caring for a client with frostbite of the toes. Which should the nurse anticipate to be prescribed for this condition?

Rapid and continual rewarming of the toes in a warm-water bath until flushing of the skin occurs

The nurse documents that the client has a stage 2 pressure injury on the decubitus area. Which describes a stage 2 pressure injury?

The ulcer is superficial and characterizes an abrasion.

The nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client diagnosed with eczema about measures that decrease itching and moisturize the skin. Which should the nurse include in the instructions? Select all that apply.

Use moisturizers and sunscreens. Wash new clothing before it is worn. Use mild detergent and rinse clothes twice. Maintain room temperature at 68° F to 75° F. Wear open-weave fabrics and loose clothing.

The health education nurse provides instructions to a group of clients regarding measures that will assist with preventing skin cancer. Which instructions should the nurse provide? Select all that apply.

Use sunscreen when participating in outdoor activities. Wear a hat, opaque clothing, and sunglasses when in the sun. Examine your body monthly for any lesions that may be suspicious.

The nurse prepares to care for a client with acute cellulitis of the lower leg. Which treatment should the nurse anticipate being prescribed for the client?

Warm compresses to the affected area