Internal Citations

Abbreviating Long Titles

-Abbreviate long article titles down to one or two words EX: Article Title: "Citing Sources Can Be Fun And Exhilarating!" Shortened Version: "Citing" OR "Citing Sources" Cited: "Long Title"("Citing" 43). OR "Long Title"("Citing Sources" 43).

Placement of Citations

-Citations usually go at the end of a sentence EX: "Joe was a really good guy," John said (Smith 22).

Citation When Two or More Sources Are By the Same Author

-Include the source title, author, and page number EX: "Same Author"(Miller, "Apples" 8). "Same Author"(Miller, "Bananas" 21). *Do not put a comma between the source title and page number! Only to separate the author's name from the source title is a comma used!

Title Format

-Italicize longer works (or underline them when they cannot be italicized {ie. in written script}) EX: Books/Movies EX: The Power of Reading -Put shorter works in quotations EX: Articles/Websites EX: "The Decline of Reading"

Punctuation Placement

-Put the period after the last parenthesis of the internal citation-NOT at the end of the quote/sentence! -Only use periods inside an internal citation after 'et al.' -Do NOT put commas inside internal citations {Except to separate the author's name from the source title when citing 2 works by the same author}

Citing A Quote Whose Author Is Stated Within The Sentence

-Use only the page number in parentheses at the end of the quote EX: According to Foulkes's study, dreams may express "profound aspects of personality"(184).

Citation for Four or More Authors

-Use the last name of the first author listed -Then write et al. (be sure to put a period after the al*.*) EX: "Four or More Authors"(Petersen et al. 55).

Citation When No Author Is Given

-Use the title of the web section, article, or book you are citing and the page number -Article and web titles are cited in quotations -Book titles are put in italics or underlined EX: "No Author"("Title of Web Section" 1). EX: "No Author"(Title of Book 758). EX: "No Author"("Title of Article" 80).

Non Print Works

-Will not have a page number -Underline/Italicize title used in citation -Put the name of the source in parentheses EX: "Non Print"(Toy Story). Include... -TV Programs -Movies -Videos -Personal Interviews -Recordings

Sources To Be Cited

Another person's... 1. Ideas, opinions, or theories 2. Facts, statistics, graphs, drawings (uncommon knowledge) 3. Quotes of spoken/written words 4. Paraphrase of quotes

Meaning of et al.

Et al. is an abbreviation that comes from the Latin phrase 'et alii' meaning 'and others'

Citation for Two or Three Authors

List all of the authors' last names and the page number EX: "Two Authors"(Romash and Smith 89). EX: "Three Authors"(Romash, Smith, and Jones 37). *When citing three authors, the comma before the 'and' is optional

Citation For One Author

Use the author's name and page number EX: "One Author"(Romash 23).

Plagiarism

Using others' ideas and words without clearly acknowledging the source of that information