International Management, 8e (Deresky) CH. 3(dbp)

Which of the following is true of the way Arabs view time?

Arabs believe important decisions cannot be rushed

According to the GLOBE project, which cultural dimensions refers to how much people in a society are expected to be tough, confrontational, and competitive versus modest and tender

assertiveness

What is a primary characteristic of masculine societies

assertiveness

Workplaces in high power distance cultures will most likely be characterized by ________.

autocratic leadership

An international manager can best develop an understanding of a particular culture by ________.

creating a cultural profile for that country or region in which the firm does business

When immigrants adopt some aspects of the local culture while keeping aspects of their culture of origin, this process is called ________.

creolization

is a primary reason for failed expatriate assignments

cross-cultural differences

Globalization, in all its forms of personal and business contacts and information crossing borders, brings about changes that result in ________.

cultural diffusion

Cultural sensitivity is also known as ________.

cultural empathy

Cultural intelligence is also known as ________.

cultural quotient

The European view of information privacy most likely stems from its ________.

culture and history

What is NOT categorized as a sociocultural variable of culture?

economy

International managers can benefit greatly from cultural sensitivity because it ________.

enables them to develop appropriate policies

Which of the following is NOT a critical operational value difference

etiquette

According to Harris and Moran's eight categories, a kinship system refers to the influence of ________.

family relationships

Based on the study conducted by Harris and Moran, which of the following is NOT a workplace behavior of most Americans

following a formal culture

People in Singapore and Denmark are inclined toward long-term planning. According to the GLOBE project, such societies score high on ________.

future orientation

which countries would an autocratic style of leadership be most effective

high power distance countries

Based on Hofstede's value dimensions, countries that have strict laws and procedures to which their people adhere closely most likely have ________.

high uncertainty avoidance

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Arab culture

imposition of deadlines

According to Hofstede, the tendency of people to look after themselves and their immediate family and to place less emphasis on the needs of the society is known as ________.

individualism

An organization where employees typically wear casual clothes and interact casually is most likely to have a(n) ________ organizational culture.

informal

Uncertainty avoidance refers to the extent to which people in a society feel threatened by ambiguous situations. True or False?

True

Values are a society's ideas about what is good or bad. True or False?

True

________ refers to the belief that the practices of one's own country are best no matter where or under what conditions they are applied.

Ethnocentrism

Organizational culture tends to be stronger than societal culture. True or False?

FALSE

According to the GLOBE project team, highly assertive societies emphasize loyalty and solidarity. True or False?

False

Achievement and personal capabilities are valued in collectivistic societies. True or False?

False

Creolization is the process where immigrants completely disregard all aspects of the local culture. True or False?

False

Future-oriented societies tend to place more emphasis on instant gratification. True or False?

False

Humane orientation measures the extent to which a society takes part in self-enhancement. True or False?

False

In an ascription-oriented society, the source of status and influence is based on how well one performs the job and what level of education and experience one has to offer. True or False?

False

In specific-oriented cultures, work spills over into personal relationships and vice versa. True or False?

False

Social loafing is common in a collectivistic society. True or False?

False

What represents the expectations, norms, and goals held in common by members of a specific company or group?

organizational culture

What term refers to the expectation that foreigners should automatically fall into host-country patterns of behavior

parochialism

In which of the following societies are people more likely to pass on inside information to a friend

particularistic

Which of the following is a predominant characteristic of the Chinese management style?

paternalism

Managers from Singapore, New Zealand, and Hong Kong tend to take initiative and have a sense of urgency, and the confidence to get things done. According to the GLOBE project, such managers score high on the cultural dimension of ________.

performance orientation

According to Hofstede, societies that accept strong hierarchical boss-subordinate relationships are high on ________.

power distance

According to Hofstede, the extent to which subordinates accept a hierarchical system in a company is known as ________.

power distance

What is a cultural dimension identified by the GLOBE Project team

power distance

Which subsystems is most likely to underlie both moral and economic norms

religious system

What is a drawback of organizational culture?

resistance to change

The unconscious reference point of one's own cultural values is called a(n) ________

self-reference criterion

According to Harris and Moran, what is NOT a category that forms the subsystems in any society

societal system

Based on Trompenaars's value dimensions, in which of the following cultures do managers separate their work and private lives, and tend to be open and direct when communicating with coworkers

specific-oriented

Canada consists of distinct groups such as Anglophones, Francophones, and indigenous Canadians. This is an example of ________.

subculture

________ is the phenomenon of the shifting of individual management styles to become more similar to one another.

Convergence

________ is the awareness of and an honest caring about another individual's culture.

Cultural empathy

________ is an outsider's seemingly natural ability to interpret someone's unfamiliar and ambiguous gestures in just the way that person's compatriots and colleagues would

Cultural intelligence

________ comprises the shared values, understandings, assumptions, and goals that over time are passed on and imposed by members of a group or society.

Culture

According to Trompenaars's value dimensions, what is true of the universalistic approach

It emphasizes applying rules and systems objectively

What is true of a future-oriented country

It focuses on longer time horizon for decisions.

Which of the following is true of the attitude toward work in Mexican culture?

Leisure time is more important than work

________ refers to the assumption that every member of a society or subculture has the same characteristics or traits without regard to individual differences.

Stereotyping

Arabs avoid open admission of error at all costs because weakness is a failure to be manly. True or False?

True

Assertiveness and materialism are values of a masculine society. True or False?

True

Chinese management style focuses on human-centeredness, family-centeredness, centralization of power, and small size. True or False?

True

Contingency management requires managers to adapt to the local environment and people, and to manage accordingly. True or False?

True

Cultural intelligence is also known as cultural quotient. True or False?

True

Cultural sensitivity requires the willingness to put oneself in another's shoes. True or False?

True

High power distance usually results in a centralized structure and autocratic leadership. True or False?

True

Paternalism and patronage are important in humane-oriented societies. True or False?

True

Performance-oriented societies tend to take initiative and have the confidence to get things done. True or False?

True

Which of the following Trompenaars's value dimensions explains the source of power and status in society?

achievement versus ascription

According to contingency management, international managers need to ________.

adapt their management styles to the local setting and people

Austria and Germany value competition and have a "can-do" attitude. Therefore, according to the GLOBE project, Austria and Germany are most likely to be ________ societies.

assertive

According to Hofstede, tight social frameworks, emotional dependence on belonging to the organization, and a strong belief in group decisions are characteristics of ________.

collectivism

What is NOT one of Trompenaars' s value dimensions

intrinsic versus extrinsic

Which of the following is likely to cause offense in Saudi Arabia?

introducing business subjects too soon

According to Trompenaars's value dimensions, if you are born and raised in an achievement society, your source of status will most likely be based upon your ________.

level of education

Which of the following factors primarily determines how the Internet is used in different countries?

local attitude to information privacy

What is an advantage of organizational culture

long-term commitment

Stereotyping should most likely be avoided by international managers because ________.

many cultures have diverse subcultures

Which of the following factors can cause changes in traditional, non-Western societies

media exposure

What is true of countries with low masculinity

more women in high-level jobs

Global managers who exhibit cultural intelligence and cultural sensitivity will most likely be able to ________.

negotiate effectively in expatriate assignments

With regard to small family businesses in China, a "guanxi" can be best described as a ________.

network of relationships centered on mutual obligations and favors

According to Trompenaars's value dimensions, what focuses on the emotional orientation of relationships

neutral versus affective

Managers from Italy and Mexico would most likely express their emotions openly during a business situation, while managers from England and Japan would most likely consider such behavior unprofessional. Which of Trompenaars's value dimensions explains this difference in behavior and attitude

neutral versus affective

Based on Trompenaars's value dimensions, what is a characteristic of the particularistic approach

obligation toward relationships

Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of the Arab culture?

open admission of mistakes

The main purpose of Harris and Moran's eight categories is ________.

to show how subsystems in a society affect an individual's behavior

Based on Hofstede's value dimensions, countries in which nationalism is less pronounced, protests are tolerated, and job mobility is common are high on ________.

uncertainty avoidance

What Hofstede variables is associated with a strong sense of nationalism

uncertainty avoidance

The first step for an international manager toward cultural sensitivity should be to ________.

understand his or her own culture

What refers to a society's ideas and convictions about what is good or bad and right or wrong

values