Intro to Architecture Test 2
True
Externally ornamented medieval (Gothic) churches used light shining through "stained (colored) glass" windows to infuse color into their interiors, inspiring a sense of awe and aspiration
Harvard's Graduate School of Design
One of the first schools of architecture in the United States to use the Bauhaus philosophy of architectural education was
The American Institute of Architects (AIA), the American Institute of Architectural Students (AIAS), the National Council of Architectural Registration Boards (NCARB), the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA) and the National Architectural Accrediting Board (NAAB)
Organizations that are related to architectural education and the profession of architecture include
Their sound waves match the length of the shower
People sing in the shower because they think that they sound good. In reality, their singing is enhanced because
Personal Space
The distance that members of the same species put between themselves is
Paul Williams
The first African-American architect in the American Institute of Architects (A.I.A.) was
The Escole de Beaux Ars
The first true school of architecture was
True
While the ancient Greek ruins we see standing today are absent of color, evidence suggests that the Greek architects painted their marble temples and statues in bright colors to accentuate their details
True
While the columns of a Greek temple are seemingly equal-spaced, in reality, Greek architects slightly varied the spacing of the columns to create visual interest
His Brandenburg Concertos
While working in the small music room of Prince Leopold, Bach wrote
Harry Wolfe's "Beer Can Building" (Tampa, 1984)
An example of a building that utilizes the Fibonacci Sequence in its design is
The Unite d' Habitatione in Marseilles, France
An example of building that uses the "le Modular" system is
Gerritt Reitveld and Theo van Doesburg
Architects associated with the "De Stijl" movement in architecture include
True
As Renaissance architects were less interested in inspiring a sense of awe and aspiration, and more interested in delineating their rational, mathematical volumes, they used contrasting tones (darks/whites) to accentuate the edges of their geometric designs
False
Because most people are satisfied with economical housing irregarless of personal needs (jobs, health care, child care, safety, etc.), the Pruitt-Igoe public housing project (St. Louis, Mo.) stands out as positive model for future inner-city development
Sermons were delivered in long, slow chants
Because of the long sound decay that was a characteristic of the physical dimensions of the Early Christian era churches, to make their sermons audible,
Frank Lloyd Wright
"Fluid" or "Flowing" spaces could be synonymous with the work of
...That's the Stuff for Architects"
Complete the Following verse from Cynthia Harrod-Eagles novel Blood Sinister. "Roads and Bridges, Docks and Piers, That's the stuff for Engineers. Wine and women, drugs and sex,
Scale
How big a building is relative to the size of an average human being is said to be the building's
Jimmy Stewart and Al Yankovic
Identify the architectural school graduates
Howard Roark, Wilbur Post and Juror #8 (Henry Fonda)
Identify the fictitious architects
Static Spaces
If a Living Room is physically separated from the Dining Room with a wall (i.e. there are 2 separate physical spaces), the spaces might be described as
Interwoven Spaces
If a Living Room is separated from the Dining Room with an implied separation (i.e. variations in the ground plane (floor) levels, variations in ceiling heights, etc.), the spaces might be described as
True
If a building is considered "positive", then the space between buildings might be considered "negative" space
Conceptual Space
If a building's user can easily find his way around the building because of a "mental map" of the floor plan "stored in [their] memory", the building could be said to have good
No
If a tree falls in the forest and there is no one around, does it make a sound?
Non-directional Space
If one takes the "march" through Mies can der Rohe's German Pavilion for the World's Fair in Barcelona (1929), the path(s) through the space(s) might imply
True
In an urban context, Negative Space is the left over space that remains after the construction of buildings. (Example: Piazza della Signora, Florence)
True
In an urban context, Positive Space is the preconceived, planned open space that remains after the construction of buildings. (Example: Piazza Annunciata in front of Foundling Hospital, Florence - Brunnelleschi, 1419)
A celebration of he industrial revolution; form follows function. Function + Firmness = Beauty
In general, the philosophy behind the Bauhaus system of architectural education was
To study ancient Greek and Roman Buildings, and to adapt those building typologies and forms to current needs
In general, the philosophy behind the Ecole de Beaux Ars system of architectural education was
Low pitched Hip Roofs, raked horizontal mortar joints and flush vertical mortar joints
In his Prairie Homes of 1890 to 1910, Frank Lloyd Wright emphasized the horizontal line through the use of
True
In his renaissance design for St. Peter's Basilica, Michaelangelo deliberately oversized window elements to give a sense of visual unity to a huge building. As a result, it is difficult to judge the true scale of the building.
Figure/Ground
In the Greek temple, free-standing columns silhouetted against the sky were slightly larger than columns silhouetted against the temple wall behind. This is an example of
The manipulation of natural light, especially in religious buildings
Light is a very effective way of creating mystery and awe in architecture, as evidenced by
bright, fluorescent "cool" colors
Lighting can affect our moods. To ensure a quick turn-over of customers, the optimum lighting scheme for a fast food establishment includes
Perceptual Spaces
Spaces that might be defined by rows of columns, rows of trees, variations in the ground plane (floor) levels and textures, variations in ceiling heights, etc. are called
le Corbusier
The "le Modular" system of proportion was developed by
False
The "warm" colors are made up of the green, blue-green, blue, and blue-violet side of the light color wheel
1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34...
The Fibonacci Sequence can best be illustrated as
The Joshua Light Show
The Grateful Dead and the Jefferson Airplane enhanced the sensory effects of their concerts by utilizing the visual stimulations of
Cass Gilbert
The architect of the Woolworth Building (New York, 1911) was
Boston Symphony Hall - McKim, Meade and White (1900)
The first building to utilize the science of acoustics instead of luck or trial + error was
Julia Morgan
The first woman architect in the United States was
True
The human mind is programmed to seek meaning and significance in all sensory information sent to it
Gestalt Psychology
The interpretation of forms and patterns perceived ny the mind is the basis of what type of psychology
The algebraic expression of the Golden Section or Golden Mean
The mathematical equation a/b = (a+b)/a demonstrates
The number of front columns to side columns in a Greek temple
The mathematical formula x : 2x + 1
The Rhythm of the architecture
The pattern created by windows (voids) spaced in a solid wall, by columns in a colonnade, or by the piers in an arcade might be referred to as
Is converted to heat energy by friction
The principle behind the acoustic ceiling tile is simple; sound energy
True
To emphasize a building's textures, it is best to use contrasting textures on adjacent surfaces. (Example: Frank Lloyd Wright's Fallingwater)
True
To protect their soft, brick buildings from the elements, Muslim architects frequently covered their mosques with hard-fired (glazed) ceramic tiles
The English Gothic cathedrals
What buildings illustrate the concept of Directional Space as this building type emphasizes a very strong horizontal perspective focus towards the altar
A shade of the color
When gray is added to a color, it produces
Proximity
When our mind organizes random objects into a pattern of recognizable form, it is an example of
Behavioral Space
When planning the re-building of the English Houses of Parliament, Winston Church argued that the form of English parliamentary government had been shaped by the physical environment in which the Parliament met. "We shape our buildings, and afterwards our buildings shape us." (Winston Churchill) This example might best describe what type of space?
Proximity, Repetition, Simplest + Largest Figure, and Figure/Ground
When presented with random visual information, the mind organizes the data into built-in preferences. These preferences are
Red, blue and green
When speaking of color in "lighting terms, the primary colors are
Red, blue and yellow
When speaking of color in "painting" terms, the primary colors are
White (visible) light
When the primary colors of light are mixed together, the result is
Dark gray, almost black
When the primary colors of paint are mixed together, the resultant color is
Optical Texture
When viewed from a distance, a building's visual pattern may be referred to as
George Costanza
Which Seinfeld character "always wanted to pretend to be an architect"
Boston Symphony Hall, the Chicago Auditorium and Avery Fischer Hall
Which of the music halls listed are considered good acoustically
Renaissance theatres were covered by a roof with a plastered ceiling
While Greek and Roman performers did not seem to have acoustical problems in their theatres, which could often seat 15,000 patrons, Renaissance theatres were plagued with echoes and reverberation because
True
While the Early Christian era churches were very plain externally, their interior walls and vaults were covered with brilliant glass and tile mosaics
Tactile Texture
By physically touching a building's surface, we can begin to understand its
Low level "warm" colors to enhance the dining experience
Lighting can affect our moods. The optimum lighting scheme for a fine dining experience includes
The Golden Section or Golden Mean
The proportioning system most associated with Greek architecture is
Figure/Ground
The relationship between "positive" shape and "negative" void is
True
The speed and tempo of the music was often dictated by the room in which the music was played
Noli Diagrams
The study of Positive Space and Negative Space is sometimes illustrated with
red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet
The visible light spectrum consists of light waves of the following colors
Physical Space
The volume bounded by the walls, floor and ceiling of a room is called
The Allman Brothers' Band "Mountain Jam"
This is not an opinion question. A musical example of different rhythms providing "ordered variety" is
A "cool" tint
To make a small room appear larger, paint it with
A tint of the color
When white is added to a color, it produces
The reality of a vessel is it's content, not the vessel itself.
"...the reality of a room was to be found in the space enclosed by the roof and walls, not in the roof and walls themselves." (Frank Lloyd Wright) This quote may be best paraphrased
Adolf Loos
"Ornament and Crime" (1908) inspired early "modern" Architects to re-evaluate a building's decoration. This treatise was written by
13 columns
A Greek temple has 6 columns across its front facade. How many columns are on the side facade?
17 columns
A Greek temple has 8 columns across its front facade. How man columns are on the side facade?
le Corbusier's Secretariat Building (Chandigarh, India)
A building example of different rhythms proving "ordered variety" is
Positive Space
A space conceived as a void wrapped in a built shell (i.e. Vierzehnheiligen) that defines the space is referred to as
Architecture is the making of space
According to Nicholas Pevsner, the difference between architecture and building is that
x:2x+1; the Golden Section; le Modular, and the Fibonacci Sequence
Examples of common proportioning systems include
A Transmitter, a Medium (air or water), and a Receiver
For sound to occur, you must have
Greek Architects
Given the simple descriptions of architects from past eras, identify the era with which they most closely resemble. Directors of Workers, Perfectionists
Roman Architects
Given the simple descriptions of architects from past eras, identify the era with which they most closely resemble. Engineers, Purveyors of Space
Egyptian Architects
Given the simple descriptions of architects from past eras, identify the era with which they most closely resemble. Gods, Demi-Gods, Confidants.
Babylonian Architects
Given the simple descriptions of architects from past eras, identify the era with which they most closely resemble. High Priests
Renaissance Architects
Given the simple descriptions of architects from past eras, identify the era with which they most closely resemble. Humanist Artists
Gothic Architects
Given the simple descriptions of architects from past eras, identify the era with which they most closely resemble. Master Builders
Negative Space
Hollowing out an existing solid to create a void (i.e. a cave) creates what type of space
True
Modernist architect (architects influenced by the Bauhaus and le Corbusier) stripped away building details that provided visual clues to a building's scale. As a result, it is difficult to judge the scale of many "modern" (1920's) buildings.
True
Modernist architects (architects influenced by the Bauhaus and le Corbusier) became masters of tactile texture in their architecture
NAAB
Profession architectural licensing requirements for most states generally require a degree that is accredited by the
Function + Firmness = Beauty (delight)
Roman architect Marcus Vitruvius (25 BC) believed that the elements of architecture were Utility (Function), Firmness and Beauty. In 1624, Sir Henry Wooten paraphrased Vitruvius, writing that the elements of architecture were Commodity, Firmness and Delight. How did the Modernist architect of the 1920's relate the elements?
True
Some of the best examples of the interplay of visual and tactile textures can be found in traditional Japanese architecture
True
Sound is air in motion, that is, varying pressures of air waves
