Intro to criminal justice

McNabb v. U.S formally established that a defendant has to appear at a first appearance within how many hours after arrest?

48 arrest

The ______ keeps order in the courtroom and announces the judge's entry to the courtroom.

Baliff

A prosecutor is absolutely immune from liability for giving legal advice to the police.

False

If a defendant refuses to testify at trial, the prosecution can tell the jury this is an indication that the person is guilty.

False

once a appeal is accepted, courts within the appellate division conduct a new trial

False

the purpose of a preliminary hearing is to determine the guilt of a defendant

False

A formal written accusation submitted to the court by a grand jury, alleging that a specified person has committed a specified offense, usually a felony, is know as an....

Indictment

A formal written accusation submitted to a court by a prosecutor, alleging that a soecified person has committed a specified offense, is known as a(n)

Information

what are the six main steps to a jury trial?

Jury selection, opening statements, presentment of the state or prosecutors case, presentment of the defendants case, closing arguments, and jury deliberations.

Which is NOT an alternative to bail?

Nolo contendere

what is NOT a characteristic of restorative justice?

Pain is imposed to punish, deter, and prevent

Information about a defendant's background often comes to the judge in the form of a ________ investigation report.

Pre- sentence

A _________ challeneges allows attorneys to remove potential jurors, without giving a reason for doing so.

Preamptry

At what state of the criminal justice process are defendants brought before a judge to determine probable cause for a felony charge?

Preliminary hearing

The intentional making of a false statement as part of the testimony by a sworn witness in a judicial proceeding is called what?

Purgry

weapons, tire tracks, and fingerprints are examples of what?

Real evidence

Name at least four of the five goals of sentencing

Retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation, restoration, incapacitation

Landmark cases produce substanial changes both in the understanding of the requirements of due process and in the practical day-to-day operations of the justice system.

True

peremptory challenges are limited in number

True

All of the following are considered professionals in the courtroom work group, EXCEPT the what?

Victim

Courts that have the authority to review a decsion made by a lower court are said to have ______ jurisdiction.

appellate

one purpose of ______ is to help ensure the reappearance of the accused at trial?

bail

In order to convict a defendant of a crime the state must prove the elements of the crime to the trier of fact by a standard of proof of _________.

beyond reasonable doubt

What is the primary purpose of any criminal trial?

determination of the defendant's guilt or innocence

Which refers to the lawful authority of a court to hear or to act on a case from its beginning and to pass judgment on the law and the facts?

original jurisdiction

The ________ has the responsibility of demonstrating to a jury that a defendant is guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.

prosecutors

Proportionality holds what?

the severity of sanctions should bear a direct relationship to the seriousness of the crime.

Exculpatory evidence is defined as any information having a tendency to clear a person of guilt or blame

true

A written documnet describing the losses, suffering, and trauma experienced by the crime victim or by the victims survivors is known as a _________ statement.

victim impact statement