Intro to Geography: Midterm Exam (CH. 1-7)

Geographers believe that the essential starting point for understanding how people live on and shape the earth's surface is recognizing

spatial patterns.

When a continental plate collides with an oceanic plate, the oceanic plate is forced down towards the asthenosphere in a process known as

subduction.

All of the following are problems inherent in showing quantities in areas EXCEPT that

such maps can show quantities but not rates, percentages, or densities.

On a clear, cloudless night the reradiation process causes

temperatures to decrease.

Geography is BEST described as

the study of how and why human and physical attributes vary from place to place on the surface of the earth

Geography differs from disciplines such as geology, meteorology, and cultural anthropology in that it

uses data from related disciplines to study spatial relationships

Which of the following is not true with respect to places?

***** They are unable to interact with other places They have location They may be large or small They may have both physical and cultural characteristics

Which one of the following sets of coordinates corresponds to a place on the earth?

34ºN, 84ºW

The earth is approximately __________ billion years old.

4.5

When one travels one fourth of the distance around the world along the same parallel of latitude, the number of time zones traversed is likely

6

If it is 5 p.m. at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England, what time is it at 45° E longitude?

8 pm

What is the angle of intersection of all parallels and meridians on the earth?

90%

Which statement is most accurate regarding temperatures at a given latitude in marine environments versus continental environments?

Compared to marine environments, continental environments are colder in winter and warmer in summer.

The International Date Line generally follows the 49th parallel. - T.F

False

The coastal areas of the U.S. most vulnerable to rising sea levels caused by global warming are found mostly on the West Coast. -- T/F

False

The system of angular measurement for specifying a location distance north or south of the equator is known as

Latitude

A false-color image is one on which colors do not appear natural. - T/F

TRUE

A map scale is the ratio between distance on the map and distance on the ground. - T/F

TRUE

The term cultural landscape suggests the visible imprint of human activity upon the natural environment. - T/F

TRUE

What kind of map shows a specific spatial distribution or category of d

Thematic map

Since humans are the active agents in human-environmental interactions, people in general

are frequently unmindful of the dangers of inappropriate environmental exploitation

Which of the following processes was responsible for the Ridge and Valley region of the eastern United States?

folding

A digital record of geographic information is called a

geographic database.

The study of the origin, characteristics, and development of landforms is known as

geomorphology.

Granite, basalt, pumice, and obsidian are all ______ rocks.

igneous

Which of the following are lines of constant value?

isolines

Terrain created by an underground solution of limestone creating sinkholes and caverns is known as

karst topography.

Which of the following groups contain only landforms produced by glacial deposition?

lateral moraines, terminal moraines, outwash plain

Oxbow lakes form when rivers flow onto the more level land at the base of mountain slopes. --- T/F

False

Although they are much less extensive today, glaciers covered a large part of the earth's land area during the last ice age which ended about

10,000 years ago.

Under average circumstances at sea level, the weight of a column of air 1 inch by 1 inch by about 6 miles into the atmosphere weighs about

14.7 pounds

What is the representative fraction scale of a map in which one inch represents one half of a mile on the ground?

1: 31,680

Which of the following is not considered a feature of the natural landscape?

Canal

Which of the following is not one of the three principal causes of chemical weathering?

Capillary action

Hurricane Sandy is a good example of a storm causing

Coastal erosion

Which statement is not true about continental environments? -Continental environments are areas not affected by nearby water -Continental environments are more likely to experience a more moderate range of temperatures than marine environments -Continental environments are more likely to have warmer summers than marine environments -Continental environments are a result of land heating and cooling more rapidly than water

Correct! Continental environments are more likely to experience a more moderate range of temperatures than marine environments

Which statement is true about land and sea breezes?

During the day, cool air over the water replaces warm air over the land

The Peters projection falls into which category of map

Equal-area

The term "geography" was reportedly coined by which Greek scientist?

Eratosthenes

The United States is the only country with satellites collecting remotely sensed data on the earth. - T/F

FALSE

Geographic information systems are used in physical geography, but not in human geography. T/F

FASLE

Air masses tend to form along frontal boundaries. --T/F

False

What term refers to the increasing interconnection of all societies in all parts of the world?

Globalization

What type of map symbol do contour lines represent?

Isoline

Which of the following statements about remote sensing is NOT true?

It began with data collected by the United States space program.

Which of the following is not true of the natural landscape?

It determines how people live in a particular place

Spring and autumn equinoxes occur on approximately ______________________ respectively.

March 21 and September 21

Which of the following is not a depositional landform?

Mesa

Which of the following correctly lists the five fundamental themes of geography?

Movement, regions, relationships within places, location, place

Human systems in geography include

Population, political, cultural

Which of the following statements regarding the physical characteristics of a place is not correct?

They can simultaneously present advantages and disadvantages with which humans must deal Correct Answer******* They dictate exactly the manner in which people will live in an area They may be changed by human intervention They may refer to a locality's climate and soil

Great fractures in the earth's crust resulted in the creation, through subsidence, of an extensive rift valley system in East Africa. --- T/F

True

The art and science of map-making are called cartography. - T/F

True

The location of Chicago at 41° 49' N latitude and 87° 37' W longitude is an example of

absolute location

What are the three processes in which diastrophism is involved?

broad warping, folding, faulting

Maps that adjust the size of area units based on the values of the data they depict are called

cartogram maps

Oxidation, hydrolysis, and carbonation are forms of _______.

chemical weathering

Coastal deserts are usually the result of

cold ocean currents

Contour lines

connect points of equal elevation above sea level.

The prime meridian

connects the North and South Poles.A false-color image is one on which colors do not appear natural.

Typical summer storms or showers in tropical and continental climates are a type of ___________ precipitation.

convectional

According to Strabo, the purpose of geography was to

describe known parts of the world and to assess the differences among countries.

The term remote sensing refers to the

detection of the nature of objects from a distance.

Spatial interaction is affected by

distance, accessibility, and connectivity

Which of the following features is NOT commonly found on topographic maps?

elevation contours rivers, lakes, and coastal features cultural features such as buildings, orchards, cities, and roads Correct!****** proportional circle symbols depicting population distribution

As opposed to absolute location, the concept of relative location

expresses spatial interconnection and interdependence.

The layer of the earth that is broken up into 12 large and many small, rigid plates is the

lithosphere

The earth's crust is the outer, lighter portion of the

lithosphere.

Which of the following is a wind-deposited material?

loess

Intrusive igneous rocks are formed below ground level by the hardening of

magma

The Richter scale

measures the energy released by an earthquake.

Which of the following rock types is formed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions within the earth's crust acting on the other two major types of rocks?

metamorphic

Longshore currents modify the landscape by

moving parallel to the shoreline and forming beaches and sand spits

Geography as a discipline

originated in ancient Greek interest in the nature of the universe and the varying character of the known parts of the earth

The term "location matters" refers to

relative location

The ratio between the measurement of something on the map and the corresponding measurement on the earth is known as

scale

An example of a formal region is

the area of France where the Breton language is spoken

Earthquakes result from

the buildup of tension as tectonic forces are applied.

The world's tallest mountains were formed by

the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates.

The visible imprint of human activity is known as

the cultural landscape.

The word geography is derived from Greek words meaning

the description of the earth

Which one of the following best identifies the cultural landscape?

the natural landscape as modified by human occupancy

As geographers use the term, scale tells us

the relationship between earth distance and map distance

The type of climate found within the equatorial low pressure zone and characterized by warm temperatures and regular convective rainfall throughout the year is the

tropical rain forest

Diffusion rates of ideas or things are least affected by

weather