Intro to Programming Concepts Midterm Study Guide

The programming language C++ evolved from _____.

C

The ____ is the brain of the computer and the single most expensive piece of hardware in your personal computer.

CPU

____ consists of 65,536 characters.

Unicode

The devices that feed data and programs into computers are called ____ devices.

input

The basic commands that a computer performs are ____, and performance of arithmetic and logical operations.

input, output, storage

A(n) ____________________ is a collection of statements, and when it is activated, or executed, it accomplishes something.

subprogram

Suppose that sum and num are int variables and sum = 5 and num = 10. After the statement sum += num executes, ____.

sum = 15

A(n) ____________________ is a memory location whose contents can be changed.

variable

The ____ rules of a programming language tell you which statements are legal, or accepted, by the programming language.

syntax

The smallest individual unit of a program written in any language is called a(n) ____________________.

token

In a C++ program, ____________________ are used to separate special symbols, reserved words, and identifiers.

whitespaces

____ is a valid int value.

46259

The expression static_cast<int>(9.9) evaluates to ____.

9

____ programs perform a specific task.

Application

Which of the following is a reserved word in C++?

char

Suppose that x and y are int variables. Which of the following is a valid input statement?

cin >> x >> y;

In C++, the mechanism that allows you to combine data and operations on the data into a single unit is called a(n) ____________________.

class

A program called a(n) ____ translates instructions written in high-level languages into machine code.

compiler

An example of a floating point data type is ____.

double

The ____________________ type is C++ 's method for allowing programmers to create their own simple data types.

enumeration

The memory allocated for a float value is ____ bytes.

four

The term GB refers to ____.

gigabyte

When a value of one data type is automatically changed to another data type, a(n) ____________________ type coercion is said to have occurred.

implicit

It is a good idea to redefine cin and cout in your programs.

False

The command that does the linking on Visual C++ Express (2013 or 2016) and Visual Studio 2015 is Make or Remake.

False

The device that stores information permanently (unless the device becomes unusable or you change the information by rewriting it) is called primary storage.

False

The devices that feed data and programs into computers are called output devices.

False

The escape sequence \r moves the insertion point to the beginning of the next line.

False

When the computer is turned off, everything in secondary memory is lost.

False

When you compile your program, the compiler identifies the logic errors and suggests how to correct them.

False

____________________ languages include FORTRAN, COBOL, Pascal, C, C++, Java, and Python.

High-level

____ is a valid char value.

'A'

What is the output of the following statements? cout << setfill('*'); cout << "12345678901234567890" << endl cout << setw(5) << "18" << setw(7) << "Happy" << setw(8) << "Sleepy" << endl;

12345678901234567890 ***18**Happy**Sleepy

The ASCII data set consists of ____________________ characters.

128

The expression static_cast<int>(6.9) + static_cast<int>(7.9) evaluates to ____.

13

The length of the string "computer science" is ____.

16

Suppose that count is an int variable and count = 1. After the statement count++; executes, the value of count is ____.

2

Suppose that x = 25.67, y = 356.876, and z = 7623.9674. What is the output of the following statements? cout << fixed << showpoint; cout << setprecision(2); cout << x << ' ' << y << ' ' << z << endl;

25.67 356.88 7623.97

The value of the expression 17 % 7 is ____.

3

The value of the expression 33/10, assuming both values are integral data types, is ____.

3

Suppose that alpha, beta, and gamma are int variables and the input is: 100 110 120 200 210 220 300 310 320 What is the value of gamma after the following statements execute? cin >> alpha; cin.ignore(100, '\n'); cin >> beta; cin.ignore(100,'\n'); cin >> gamma;

300

____________________ can be used to identify the authors of the program, give the date when the program is written or modified, give a brief explanation of the program, and explain the meaning of key statements in a program.

Comments

____________________ signals represent information with a sequence of 0s and 1s.

Digital

____ represent information with a sequence of 0s and 1s.

Digital signals

A comma is also called a statement terminator.

False

A mixed arithmetic expression contains all operands of the same type.

False

An operator that has only one operand is called a unique operator.

False

C++ programs have always been portable from one compiler to another.

False

In C++, reserved words are the same as predefined identifiers.

False

Consider the following code. // Insertion Point 1 using namespace std; const float PI = 3.14; int main() { //Insertion Point 2 float r = 2.0; float area; area = PI * r * r; cout << "Area = " << area <<endl; return 0; } // Insertion Point 3 In this code, where does the include statement belong?

Insertion Point 1

In ____________________ design, the final program is a collection of interacting objects.

OOD (object oriented design)

____________________ functions are those that have already been written and are provided as part of the system.

Predefined

____________________ is the process of planning and creating a program.

Programming

____ are executable statements that inform the user what to do.

Prompt lines

____________________ rules determine the meaning of instructions.

Semantic

Choose the output of the following C++ statement: cout << "Sunny " << '\n' << "Day " << endl;

Sunny Day

If a C++ arithmetic expression has no parentheses, operators are evaluated from left to right.

True

Information stored in main memory must be transferred to some other device for permanent storage.

True

Main memory is directly connected to the CPU.

True

Suppose a = 5. After the execution of the statement ++a; the value of a is 6.

True

Suppose we declare a variable sum as an int. The statement "sum += 7;" is equivalent to the statement "sum = sum + 7;".

True

The basic commands that a computer performs are input (get data), output (display result), storage, and performance of arithmetic and logical operations.

True

The maximum number of significant digits in float values is up to 6 or 7.

True

The maximum number of significant digits in values of the double type is 15.

True

To develop a program to solve a problem, you start by analyzing the problem.

True

Suppose that ch1 and ch2 are char variables and the input is: WXYZ What is the value of ch2 after the following statements execute? cin >> ch1; ch2 = cin.peek(); cin >> ch2;

X

Which of the following is the newline character?

\n

A step-by-step problem-solving process in which a solution is arrived at in a finite amount of time is called a(n) ____.

algorithm

Suppose that alpha and beta are int variables and alpha = 5 and beta = 10. After the statement alpha *= beta; executes, ____.

alpha = 50

Suppose that alpha and beta are int variables. The statement alpha = beta++; is equivalent to the statement(s) ____.

alpha = beta; beta = beta + 1;

Suppose that alpha and beta are int variables. The statement alpha = beta--; is equivalent to the statement(s) ____.

alpha = beta; beta = beta - 1;

Suppose that alpha and beta are int variables. The statement alpha = ++beta; is equivalent to the statement(s) ____.

beta = beta + 1; alpha = beta;

Suppose that alpha and beta are int variables. The statement alpha = --beta; is equivalent to the statement(s) ____.

beta = beta - 1; alpha = beta;

The digit 0 or 1 is called a binary digit, or ____.

bit

A sequence of eight bits is called a ____.

byte

The declaration int a, b, c; is equivalent to which of the following?

int a,b,c;

Manipulators without parameters are part of the ____ header file.

iostream

A program called a(n) ____ combines the object program with the programs from libraries.

linker

A program that loads an executable program into main memory is called a(n) ____.

loader

The memory space for a(n) ____________________ data value is 64 bytes.

long long

Several categories of computers exist, such as ____.

mainframe, midsize, and micro

In C++, the dot is an operator called the ____________________operator.

member access

Main memory is an ordered sequence of items, called ____.

memory cells

Assembly language uses easy-to-remember instructions called ____________________.

mnemonics

In C++, you can use a(n) ____________________ to instruct a program to mark those memory locations in which data is fixed throughout program execution.

named constant

A(n) ____ consists of data and the operations on those data.

object

In object-oriented design, the first step in the problem-solving process is to identify the components called ____________________, which form the basis of the solution, and to determine how they interact with one another.

objects

In a C++ program, one and two are double variables and input values are 10.5 and 30.6. After the statement cin >> one >> two; executes, ____.

one = 10.5, two = 30.6

The ____ handles the overall activity of the computer and provides services.

operating system

The ____________________ handles the overall activity of the computer and provides services such as memory management, input/output activities, and storage management.

operating system

The devices that the computer uses to display results are called ____ devices.

output

The function ____________________ returns the next character in the input stream; it does not remove the character from the input stream.

peek

The maximum number of significant digits is called the ____________________.

precision

C++ comes with a wealth of functions, called ____________________ functions, that are written by other programmers.

predefined

In a C++ program, statements that begin with the symbol # are called ____________________ directives.

preprocessor

Which of the following is a legal identifier?

program_1

Main memory is called ____.

random access memory

A data type is called ____________________ if the variable or named constant of that type can store only one value at a time.

simple

A(n) ____________________ is a sequence of zero or more characters.

string

Dividing a problem into smaller subproblems is called ____ design.

structured