Intro to Psych (Chapter 7)

creative intelligence

Mozart was a child prodigy. By the age of 12, he had composed several musical pieces.According to Sternberg's model of intelligence, Mozart can be said to have demonstrated a high level of _____.

naturalist intelligence

Susan has the ability to look at the moon and the stars at night and to develop insights into the laws that govern their behavior. In this context, Susan has _____.

hierarchical

Ten-year-old Joshua knows that snakes are reptiles and all reptiles are animals. Joshua's concept of animal is _____.

nativist theory

The _________ of language development holds that the inborn factors—which make up children's nature—cause children to attend to and acquire language in certain ways.

mental age

The _________ shows the intellectual level at which a child is functioning.

positive instances

To teach his child the prototype for cats, Nathan points to many examples in books, at home, on TV, and in the neighborhood, while saying the word "cat." These are _____ of the cat concept.

anagrams

To test the problem-solving skills of her son, Tiffany asks her son to reorganize groups of scrambled words such as, "skosc,""odg,""imal," and "orod." Tiffany is using _____ of the words, socks, dog, mail, and door.

infinite creativity

When a child combines words to form a sentence herself rather than imitate one she has heard before, she is demonstrating the _____ characteristic of language skills.

holophrases

When a child utters "baba," it may mean, "I want my bottle," or "Where is my bottle?" or "that's my bottle." These single words used by children to express many things are known as _____.

The IQ reflects the relationship between a child's mental age and his or her actual age.

Which of the following is true about the intelligence quotient (IQ)?

Babbling is inborn and prelinguistic

Which of the following is true in the context of children babbling?

They can represent visions of things that can never be measured

Which of the following statements is true about concepts?

They permit more rapid solutions than algorithms.

Which of the following statements is true about heuristics?

The parts of our mental representation of the problem should relate to one another in a meaningful way.

Which of the following statements is true about problem solving?

It focuses on the environmental influences on the acquisition of language.

Which of the following statements is true about psycholinguistic theory?

Genetic factors account for about half of the variations in intelligence test scores among individuals.

Which of the following statements is true about the influence of genetic factors and environmental factors on intelligence?

It emphasizes the role of imitation and reinforcement in language development in children.

Which of the following statements is true about the learning theory in the context of language development?

It holds that the innate factors of children cause them to attend to and acquire language in certain ways.

Which of the following statements is true about the nativist theory of language development?

Thinking means paying attention to information

Which of the following statements is true about thinking?

Displacement

_____ is the capacity to communicate information about events and objects in another time or place.

Concepts

_________ are mental categories used to group together objects, relations, events, abstractions, or qualities that have common properties.

Heuristics

_________ are rules of thumb that help us simplify and solve problems.

Practical intelligence

_________ enables people to deal with other people, including difficult people, and to meet the demands of their environment.

Intelligence

_________ is a general mental capability that involves the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly, and learn from experience.

Heritability

_________ is the degree to which the variations in a trait from one person to another can be attributed to, or explained by, genetic factors.

prototypes

A sofa, bed, and table are _____ of the category furniture, but a magazine rack, lamp, and piano bench are not.

They appreciate art and music

According to Steinberg, which of the following statements is true about creative people?

psycholinguistic theory

According to _________, language acquisition involves the interaction of environmental influences.

means-end analysis

After setting a five-year goal for their company, a group of managers look at where the company is today and the steps needed to achieve the final goal. They are using a technique called _____.

algorithm

Albert lost the keys to his car sometime between the time he locked it and his return to the car about three hours later. Albert came up with a formula to find the keys;he retraced his steps, going to all of the places he visited after he initially locked the car. Albert eventually found the keys on his office desk. Albert used a(n) _____ to find his keys.

model

Anna points to an object and tells her 2-year-old what it is. The child then points and repeats the label. According to the social-cognitive perspective, Anna serves as a(n) _____ for her child to acquire language skills.

Systematic random search

Dave cannot remember the last digit in his friend's telephone number. In order to reach him, he keeps trying different numbers until he finds the right one. In this context, which of the following methods is Dave using?

Divergent thinking

Generating many possible solutions is a characteristic of which of the following concepts?