Intro to Psychology- Stress & Health
Resistance Phase
Adaptation and coping
Avoiding sexual risks, smoking and/or drinking
Illusion of unique invulnerability
Religiosity
Affiliation with or engagement in the practices of a particular religion. Has helpful effects in a wide range of areas.
Malingering
Feigning medical or psychological symptoms to achieve something one wants
Hypochondriasis
Occurs when a person is preoccupied with minor symptoms and develops an exaggerated belief that the symptoms signify a life-threatening illness
Stress
Physical and Psychological responses to internal or external stressors.
Alarm Phase
Rapid mobilization
Challenge
Stressor you feel fairly confident you can control.
Wearing
Stressors can cause hormones (glucocorticoids) to flood the brain _______ down the immune system and making it less able to fight invaders.
Environmental Stressors
Stressors linked to a particular environment.
Psychoneuroimmunology
Study of how the immune system responds to psychological variables.
Health Psychology
Subfield of psychology concerned with ways psychological factors influence: Causes of treatment of physical illness Maintenance of health
Nothing
When are events most stressful? When there is _______ we can do to overcome the stressor or problem.
Lymphocytes
White blood cells that produce antibodies that fight infection
Repressive Coping
Avoiding situations or thoughts that are reminders of a stressor and maintaining an artificially positive viewpoint. Helps us ignore certain stressors, but may ultimately make things worse in the long run
Telomeres
Caps at the ends of each chromosome that protect the ends of chromosomes and prevent them from sticking to each other.
Situational Management
Changing your life situation as a way to reduce the impact of stress on your mind and body
Exhaustion Phase
Collapse
Sickness Response
Coordinated, adaptive set of reactions to illness organized by brain; can be prompted through stress without infection.
Secondary Appraisal
Determination of whether the stressor is something that can be handled or not
Aerobic Exercise
Exercise that increases heart rate and oxygen intake for sustained period. Associated with higher levels of well-being and increased levels of serotonin and endorphins.
Rational Coping
Facing the stressor and working to overcome it using 3 steps: acceptance, exposure, and understanding
Spirituality
Having a belief in and engagement with some higher power, not necessarily linked to any particular religion. Has helpful effects in a wide range of areas.
Meditation Relaxation Biofeedback Aerobic Exercise
Name FOUR types of Body Management talked about in this Chapter
Alarm Phase Resistance Phase Exhaustion Phase
Name the THREE phases of GAS
Repressive Coping Rational Coping Reframing
Name the THREE types of Mind Management talked about in this Chapter.
Social Support Religious Experiences Humor
Name the THREE types of Situation Management
Somatization Disorder
Occurs when a person experiences a combination of physical complaints that have no medical explanation
Accelerates
Recent research has revealed that stress significantly ___________ the aging process.
Eating Wisely
Related to self-regulation. Portion control; consumption control; focus on nutrition and exercise instead of dieting
Reframing
Rethinking in a positive way, stress inoculation training (SIT), thought journals
Chronic Stressors
Sources of stress that occur continuously or repeatedly.
Stressors
Specific events or chronic stressors that place demands on a person or threaten one's well being.
Hardiness
Stress-resistnt group characteristics include commitment, control, and challenge. These people Can handle stress better and are healthier.
Threat
Stressor you believe that might not be overcome
Learned Helplessness
The belief that one has no control over one's situation based on past experience
Circulatory
The heart and ___________ system are also sensitive to stress
Somatoform Disorders
The set of psychological disorders in which a person displays physical symptoms not fully explained by a medical condition
Biofeedback
The use of an electronic device to obtain information about a bodily function and possibly gain control over that function
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
Three-stage physiological stress response that appears, regardless of stressor encountered.
Females tend to seek help under stress where as males are less likely to do so.
What are the gender differences in social support?
Sick Role
A socially recognized set of rights and obligations linked with illness; exemptions and obligations
Burnout
A state of physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion created by long-term involvement in an emotionally demanding situation and accompanied by lowered performance and motivation.
Environmental Psychology
A subfield of psychology the studies environmental effects on behavior and health.
Relaxation Therapy
A technique for reducing tension by consciously relaxing muscles of the body.
Type A Behavior Pattern
A tendency toward easily aroused hostility, impatience, a sense of time urgency, and competitive achievement strivings.
Social Support
Aid gained through interacting with others. Immediate short term effects such as reduces sensitivity to pain and reduces the time needed to calm down.
Fight-or-Flight Response; Freeze
An emotional and physiological reaction to an emergency that increases readiness for action. Recently found that this should actually be called fight, flight, or ______ response.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
A chronic psychological arousal characterized by recurrent unwanted thoughts or images of the trauma and avoidance of things that call the traumatic event to mind.
Immune System
A complex response system that protects the body from bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances.
Relaxation Response
A condition of reduced muscle tension, cortical activity, heart rate, breathing rate, and blood pressure
Primary Appraisal
Interpretation of stimulus as stressful or not
Self-Regulation
Involves putting off immediate gratification for longer-term gains
More
Perceived control is ____ important than actual control