Intro to Social Work Quiz 1

Settlement houses

-Began in London in late 19th century Samuel Barnett founded Toynbee Hall. He converted rectory of church to a neighborhood center. He recruited university students to live at the center and work with the families in the neighborhood. -Stanton Coit started the first settlement house in NYC. -Chicago's Hull House was started by Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr in 1889. -The movement combined social advocacy and social services to respond to the large influx of immigrants coming to America. -They offered citizen training, adult education, counseling, recreation, intercultural exchange, day care, etc. -Settlement house workers supported legislative reforms to include child welfare, tenement housing, labor laws, and public health and sanitation.

Clinton administrations PRWORA

-In the Clinton administration, health care reform, welfare reform and crime bills were a priority. ---The crime bill passed and the national health insurance bill did not pass. ---The welfare reform act, called the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA) passed. It transformed welfare into state based programs with decreased federal support.

Social Welfare

-In the Clinton administration, health care reform, welfare reform and crime bills were a priority. ---The crime bill passed and the national health insurance bill did not pass. ---The welfare reform act, called the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA) passed. It transformed welfare into state based programs with decreased federal support. -George W. Bush promoted conservative policies to limit the role of government and expand the role of private charities in providing social services. Federal contracts became available to fund faith-based services by religious groups without stipulations for secularizing the programs. -Old Age Survivors Disability Health Insurance - provides for older adults, workers with disabilities and survivors of workers. -Temporary Assistance for Needy Families - provides assistance to families with children. -SSI - 1974 federalized state based programs - Old Age Assistance, Aid to the Blind, Aid to Permanently and Totally Disabled to form SSI. -General Assistance - local programs that provide limited benefits. -Medicare - for those over 65, some under 65 with disabilities and people with end stage renal disease. -Medicaid - for qualifying low income families. Jointly funded by federal and state governments, provides medical assistance for low income families. -Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act - Obama administration lays the groundwork for universal healthcare. -SNAP (Supple. Nut. Assist. Prog.) - addresses hunger. -Title XX - 1975 act of block grants to states for social services for families who meet income guidelines.

Social Security Act of 1935

-Made a significant contribution in public responsibility and gave birth to the welfare state. As a national policy, it acknowledged citizen entitlement to welfare and assumed major funding responsibility for the welfare of US citizens. Social workers, Harry Hopkins and Frances Perkins played a key role in the development of this legislation. -Hopkins was a social worker who administered Federal Emergency Relief Administration. Perkins was the first woman to be appointed to a US president's cabinet. -Existing federal and stated provisions and statutes in state widows' aid and old age pension laws formed the basis for the national policy on social security. It provided unemployment insurance, old age insurance, and direct aid to those who were unemployed, old, blind, and orphans through state welfare systems.

Current public welfare programs that you can have

-Old Age Survivors Disability Health Insurance - provides for older adults, workers with disabilities and survivors of workers. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families - provides assistance to families with children. -SSI - 1974 federalized state based programs - Old Age Assistance, Aid to the Blind, Aid to Permanently and Totally Disabled to form SSI. -General Assistance - local programs that provide limited benefits. -Medicare - for those over 65, some under 65 with disabilities and people with end stage renal disease. -Medicaid - for qualifying low income families. Jointly funded by federal and state governments, provides medical assistance for low income families. -Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act - Obama administration lays the groundwork for universal healthcare. -SNAP (Supple. Nut. Assist. Prog.) - addresses hunger. -Title XX - 1975 act of block grants to states for social services for families who meet income guidelines.

Social service settings

-Public social services - state human resources such as DCP&P, DMHAS, etc. -Private social services - 501'c, such as The Bridge. Funded by a voluntary initiative. -Agencies and Associates - Agencies are more common and deliver services, associations provide services for their members. -Sectarian and Nonsectarian Affiliations - sectarian refers to a religious affiliation, nonsectarian refers to secular sponsorship. -Nonprofit - For Profit - nonprofit means the agency has a service motive - nonprofit is a tax status. -Independent Practice - solo or group practice.

Charity organization, who founded it

-S. Humphyreys Gurteen founded the US Charity Organization Society (COS) in 1877 in Buffalo, NY - grew to 25 branches. -Gurteen was strongly influenced with the work of the London Society for Organizing Charitable Relief and Repressing Mendicancy. -Mary Richmond - appointed first general secretary of the Philadelphia COS in 1900. -Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr - founded Hull House in Chicago. -The COS used neighborhood district committees made up of local residents and agency representatives to organize communities' welfare services. It included investigation and registration of the poor to reduce poverty. -Friendly visitors met with people regularly and provided resources within families own situations, providing money as the last resort. -The demand for trained workers led the replacement of volunteers with professional staff.

Philosophical origins

-The Poor Relief Act 1601 was an act of the Parliament of England. Popularly known as the "Elizabethan Poor Law", was passed in 1601 and created a national poor law system for England and Wales. -The "Old Poor Law" was not one law but a collection of laws passed between the 16th and 18th centuries. The system's administrative unit was the parish. It was not a centralized government policy, but a law which made individual parishes responsible for Poor Law legislation. -The origins of the Poor Laws extended back into the 15 century with the decline of monasteries and the breakdown of the medieval social structure. Charity was gradually replaced with a compulsory land tax levied at the parish level. -The impotent poor (people who can't work) were cared for in almshouses or poorhouses. The law offered relief to those who were unable to work such those with physical issues or elderly. -The able-bodied were set to a House of Industry to learn a skill to be set to work. -The idle poor or vagrants went to the House of Correction or prison. -Pauper children would become apprentices. -Efforts of the charity organization movement were directed at administering social services through private charities. -Early social welfare organizations sprang up in the US during the 19th century to address concerns about social issues. -NY Society for the Prevention or Pauperism (1818) Associations for Improving the Conditions of the Poor (1940's)

New Deal

-The most important piece of legislation that was passed during the Great Depression under Roosevelt's, New Deal, was the Social Security Act of 1935. -The great depression caused people to notice the breakdown of the economy. Massive unemployment, homelessness, poverty and exhausted state/local resources characterized this period. -The Hoover administration opposed direct aid to citizens or outright grants to states, but he did approve of loans to famers for feeding livestock. -Roosevelt administration changed the focus of direct aid from "a private to public responsibility and from a local to a federal function". Roosevelt believed in the responsibility of humankind for the well-being of others.

Street level clients

As people engage bureaucratic in services they are consigned to a category that defines their identity in the system.

What association accredits social workers?

Council on social work education

What is social work?

Has goals and methods in common with other helping professions, such as psychology, sociology, and health sciences. Unlike other professions, the distinction of social work is that is emphasizes an intra-personal (individual) perspective. Helping individual, groups or communities to enhance social functioning to create conditions favorable to this goal.

Goals of social work

Link people to resources. Provide direct services to individuals, families and groups. Helping communities or groups. lead social workers to enhance clients' sense of competence, link them with resources, and foster changes that make organizations and social institutions more responsive to citizens' needs (NASW, 1981). Enhancing people's capacities to resolve problems, cope and function effectively. Linking clients with needed resources. Improving the social service delivery network. Promoting social justice through the development of social policy.

What does a social worker have to have?

Needs to graduate from a CSWE accredited program. Work in a variety of places including: Nursing homes, hospice services, hospitals, rape crisis centers, state/county government, state/county agencies, mental health/substance abuse agencies.

What movements are proclaimed to be responsible for the birth of social work?

Settlement house movement Psychoanalytic movement Public welfare movement

Social policy

Social polices are principals and courses of action that influence the overall quality of life as well as the circumstances of individuals in groups and their social relationships. Social policy directs the formulation of social welfare laws.

Liberalism

Support social policies that uphold fundamental human rights and social equality. Liberals view social welfare as a legitimate function of government, and welfare provisions as citizens' rights.

Rural

_____ settings emphasize natural helping networks. Services tend to cluster in one area such as the county seat. Public transportation nonexistent or inaccessible. There are less professionals and a scarcity of formal resources.

Empowerment

______ means that individuals, families and communities develop capabilities to access personal, interpersonal, and sociopolitical power. People feel worthy and competent or perceive power or control. Exercising psychological control over personal affairs.

For profit

a portion of income is returned to investors or shareholders or used to increase bottom line.

Nonprofit

agency has a service motive rather than a profit motive. It is a tax status and does not mean the agency cannot make money. Generally, nonprofits use their money for programs/services.

Neoconservatives

favor overturning liberal welfare programs and reforming welfare policies. Advocate containing the growth of government programs and increase private sector's responsibility to address social welfare problems.

Medicaid

for qualifying low income families. Jointly funded by federal and state governments, provides medical assistance for low income families.

Medicare

for those over 65, some under 65 with disabilities and people with end stage renal disease.

Street level bureaucracies

governmental service sector of the social service delivery network and includes services provided by schools, public health clinics, law enforcement, public welfare, local courts.

Urban

overcrowding, poor housing, unemployment, substance abuse, poverty, shifting demographics. Decreased federal support for public planning initiatives eliminated many social planning activities. Social workers can build coalitions and work collaboratively to assist clients.

Conservatism

promotes a capitalistic free market economy and emphasizes traditional values, rugged individualism, competition, localism and the work ethic. Tend to resist social change and strengthen existing social structures.

Frances Perkins

provided leadership in the public welfare movement. ________ was the first woman to be a member of the US president's cabinet.

Street level

public workers such as welfare workers.

Radicalism

sees traditional public welfare social welfare is an oppressive, stigmatizing program that regulates the poor.

Obama

within the first few months of his presidency in 2009 signed an economic stimulus bill, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, which included creating jobs and alleviate poverty made worse by the recession.