Introduction to Databases: Data Storage, Files, and Relational Models

What is one challenge of using spreadsheets for data storage?

Multiple user access is not supported.

What is an example of an entity in a database?

Patients, disorders, and medications.

How can databases be accessed and updated?

Programmatically and remotely.

What is a major function of data management in computer systems?

Storing and retrieving data.

What is SQL?

Structured Query Language used for managing and accessing data in databases.

What are three data storage options mentioned?

Text/data files, spreadsheets, databases.

What is a significant problem with flat file databases as they grow?

They become very wide as more pieces of information are added.

What is a key issue with flat file databases?

They contain large amounts of redundant data.

What is the significance of data relationships in a relational database?

They define how data entities interact with one another.

What is the role of attributes in a contact table?

They describe the characteristics of the contact, such as name and address.

What is the main goal of database management systems?

To create, maintain, and control access to databases.

What does it mean to eliminate data redundancy?

To ensure that the same piece of data is not stored in multiple places.

What is a relational database?

A structured collection of data that maintains relationships between data.

What is a primary key in a database?

A unique row identifier for each record.

What is one advantage of using files for data storage?

Easy to create and store.

Who developed the relational theory for databases?

Edgar F. Codd in 1970.

What is a disadvantage of relational databases?

Expertise required to manage them.

What is the purpose of database normalization?

To prevent data inconsistency and eliminate redundancy.

What are entities in a relational database?

Data partitioned into tables.

What is a common tool used to build and manage databases?

Database Management System (DBMS).

What is one benefit of using databases over files and spreadsheets?

Databases are optimized for speed and can handle large datasets.

What is a file in the context of data storage?

A collection of data stored electronically in a single location.

What is a flat file database?

A database that stores data in a single table without relationships.

What do attributes represent in a database?

Columns that describe or qualify entities.

What is one disadvantage of using files for data storage?

Limited security.

What happens when company information changes in a flat file database?

Significant work is required to update data in multiple locations.

What are the advantages of relational databases?

Secure, multiple user access, and relationships prevent redundancy.