I/O Psych Exam 3

Teamwork involves all the following principles except

To prevent any type of conflict of disagreement

Which method of performance appraisal identifies a percentage of the workforce to be fired

Top-grading

List 3 outcomes of org justice (and their corresponding relationship to a specific type of justice)

Trust (procedural justice(; performance (distributive and procedural); job sat/org commitment (JS = all facets; org commitment = procedural); OCBs (interpersonal); CWBs (procedural); absenteeism/turnover (equity, distributive); emotional exhaustion/burnout (all facets)

Job satisfaction correlates the highest with which of the following

Turnover

Describe the punctuated equilibrium model and how that differs from the "classic" model

Two phases with a midpoint

Which of the following is the most common reaction among workers who feel a sense of outrage over perceived injustice at work

Venting

Why is emotional intelligence important? What types of jobs would it be most useful for

Ability to recognize your own emotions and others emotions; controlling emotions in a socially acceptable way. High level positions such as CEO's and upper level management

If an employee said "I love this company and i hope i never have to leave" most likely this would indicate high _____ component of organizational commitment

Affective

Describe 3 types of organizational commitment

Affective (I love my job); continuance (I stay at my job because there are no other options); normative (I stay at my job because I believe I owe my organization something/feel like i have to)

Which of the following factors is most strongly related to the occurrence of workplace violence

Alcohol consumption

The four major team processes include all of the following except

Interdependence

Expressions of politeness and respect are characteristic of what type of justice

Interpersonal

How does climate affect behavior

It can enable certain behaviors: climates that foster incivility can encourage employees to commit uncivil acts (since this is the norm). It can also inhibit certain behaviors: a healthy workplace climate will encourage healthy eating choices for lunch (discourages eating candy or soda)

Dyadic sensitivity most often involves a person in which of the following team roles

Leader

List 4 types of rater bias. Describe how they affect ratings (specifically the direction of the bias and the common feature that they all have."

Leniency (positive), strictness (negative), central tendency (middle), halo (flat profile), and contrast (too high or low depending on comparison target) All have restriction of range

Much of what we know about team training comes from

Military applications

360 degree feedback is also known as

Multisource feedback

What is a psychological contract and what are the implications of breaking it

Mutual beliefs, perceptions, and informal obligations between an employer and employee. Sets the dynamic for relationship and defines details of work to be done. breaches to the psych contract can result in a wide variety of behaviors from general CWBs (increase) or decrease in OCB's to violence or turnover

Describe two classes of research on job satisfaction

Nature of JS (theories about JS construct and sources of JS); consequences of JS (how does JS relate to worker behaviors such as productivity, withdrawal, etc); measures of JS (needed in order to monitor JS, diagnose sources of dissatisfaction, evaluate interventions, and evaluate theories of JS); monitoring satisfaction and sources of sat (organizations, industries, time, women, minorities, older workers); manipulating JS (interventions designed to affect JS and other work related attitudes

List the components of structural theory of organizations

Operating core, strategic apex, middle line, technostructure, support staff, ideology, and politics

What conceptual criteria are we interested in measuring to assess performance? List 3 examples of how we measure these criteria

Outcomes, behaviors, and competencies. Objective measures (productivity indices), standardized measures (job samples/assessment centers), and judgmental measures (performance ratings/rankings, 360 degree feedback)

Describe 2 job satisfaction interventions

Pay and incentive plans (pay for performance, skill based pay, team/org based reward systems); focus on work conditions (physical working conditions, task conditions, social climate, work climate, org justice); focus on the nature of work (job characteristics model/job enhancement); focus on non-work needs (work-life programs, offering control/options)

What is the basis of the psychological contract

Perceptions of mutual expectations

Describe the difference between performance appraisal and performance management

Performance appraisal can be used as a measurement process (emphasis on instruments, user skills, quality of measurement) or communications process (emphasis on context, interpersonal dynamics, motivation). performance management relies on both of these

Who gets "what, when, and how" is the essence of organizational

Politics

Self assessments are characterized by high _____ error

Positive leniency

What is the "equation" for team productivity? Give two examples of each of the components of this equation

Process gains (social facilitation, increased resources, diversity of views) - process losses (groupthink, risky shift, cautious shift phenomena, failure to use knowledge and abilities, diversity of views leading to conflict, social loafing)

A "schema" is used to explain which dimension of the theory of person perception

Processes

List three qualities of a "good" or "effective" team

Productivity, efficiency, quality, cohesiveness, satisfaction

In an effective team, team leaders

Provide and accept feedback

Performance appraisal contributes to performance management by

Providing an evaluation of each employees performance

How do you maintain change after a performance appraisal

Recognize and provide informal feedback, give positive and negative feedback, give frequent feedback, regularly monitor important behaviors, and provide support for change efforts

John has to perform multiple tasks as part of his job. He is often multitasking and working long hours to make sure everything is done on time. john expresses to you that he feels overwhelmed but all the responsibilities he has to juggle. You would conclude that John is experiencing

Role overload

The "chain of command" in an organization is represented by the

Scalar principle

When deciding whether to take a recent job offer, Alice remembers her initial reaction and attraction to the organization and its members when she visited for her interview. She considers her fit with the organization to be most importance in her decision to take the job. Alice has just engaged in the first step of

Schneider's ASA cycle

On a given team, if one member exerts influence in defining the teams direction and output, then you could say that this person fulfilled the role of a

Shaper

_________ is the ability of team members to develop a common understanding of the problem as well as a strategy for solving it

Shared mental model

The average level of a team members ability to make accurate decisions is referred to as

Staff validity

What are three sources of performance appraisals for an employee? What are the pros and cons to these sources?

Supervisor, peers, self, subordinates, customers. (all subject to some sort of rater bias)

When using the rank-order method of performance appraisal, which of the following statements is true

The person ranked first is perceived to be performing the best

Which of the following is not a social skill critical for successful teamwork

Having high technical knowledge

Describe the ASA cycle

Attraction-selection-attrition cycle: occurs over time. People will self-select into organizations that are more in line with their beliefs and values. Organizations will select individuals who hold the same values. People will leave an organization that does not hold the same beliefs/values

What does BARS stand for

Behaviorally anchored rating scale

What is a BARS and BOS? Describe the difference between them

Behaviorally anchored rating scales (scale 1-9 where scale points are behaviors themselves). Behavioral observation scale (given a specific behavior to rate on frequency scale)

Critical incidents are

Behaviors that result in good or poor job performance

Managers who won't give high ratings because they want employees to "have something to strive for" and won't give low ratings because they "don't want to discourage the employees" will most likely commit which type of rating error

Central tendency

Research indicates the most likely target for workplace aggression is

Co-workers

Which of the following is not a component of an organization according to Classical Theory

Competition

The phases of socialization in a team include all but which of the following

Compromise

Employees who remain with a company simply because they can't find another employer who will hire them are exhibiting what type of organizational commitment

Continuance

How would you classify the organizational culture of Google

Creative

List and describe three different types of work teams. How are they similar? What are key differences?

Cross functional team, tall force, safety committee, project team, virtual team

What is organizational culture (define)? How does organization climate differ from culture?

Culture = language, values, attitudes, beliefs, and customs of an organization. Climate is the process of quantifying the culture of an organization. Climate = set of properties of the work environment, perceived directly or indirectly by employees, that is assumed to be a major force in influencing employee behavior

What is climate strength? Is it always a good thing?

Degree of within-unit agreement of employees climate perception. Not always a good thing, especially if you all agree that bullying other employees or not coming to work is acceptable.

Knowledge within a team that is unique to one person is said to be

Distributed

Some professors have a fixed grading scheme (independent of the actual level of student performance), as 15% A's, 20% B's, 30% C's, 20% D's, and 15% F's. The professor believes he or she is being fair by establishing this grading practice. What type of organizational fairness is the professor following in this class

Distributional

What are the components of distributive justice

Equity (consistent distribution of rewards based on contributions); quality (everyone has an equal chance of receiving rewards); need (distribution of reward based on need)

Describe the stages of Tuchman's classic group developmental model

Forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning

Peer evaluations have been found to be biased by

Friendship

What concept underlies all organizational citizenship behaviors

They are given voluntarily by employees