IS 3003 Chapter 4
n the information age, the obligations that individuals and organizations have concerning rights to intellectual property fall within the moral dimension of: A) property rights and obligations. B) system quality. C) accountability and control. D) information rights and obligations.
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 114
Descartes' rule of change, that if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, it is not right to take at all, is also known as: A) the slippery-slope rule. B) the lemming rule. C) high-failure cost rule. D) the utilitarian principle
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 118
Which of the following is not one of the five steps discussed in the chapter as a process for analyzing an ethical issue? A) Assign responsibility. B) Identify the stakeholders. C) Identify the options you can reasonably take. D) Identify and clearly describe the facts.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 118
Which U.S. act restricts the information the federal government can collect and regulates what they can do with the information? A) Privacy Act of 1974 B) Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 C) Freedom of Information Act D) HIPAA of 1996
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 120
Which of the following U.S. laws gives patients access to personal medical records and the right to authorize how this information can be used or disclosed? A) HIPAA B) Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act C) Privacy Protection Act D) Freedom of Information Act
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 122
Advertisers use ________ in order to display more relevant ads based on user's search and browsing history. A) behavioral targeting B) web bugs C) NORA D) intelligent agents
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 124
The Online Privacy Alliance: A) encourages self regulation to develop a set of privacy guidelines for its members. B) protects user privacy during interactions with Web sites. C) has established technical guidelines for ensuring privacy. D) is a government agency regulating the use of customer information.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 126
________ are not held liable for the messages they transmit. A) Regulated common carriers B) Private individuals C) Organizations and businesses D) Elected officials
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 131
Which of the five moral dimensions of the information age does spamming raise? A) Quality of life B) System quality C) Accountability and control D) Information rights and obligations
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 134
Re-designing and automating business processes can be seen as a double-edged sword because: A) increases in efficiency may be accompanied by job losses. B) increases in efficiency may be accompanied by poor data quality. C) support for middle-management decision making may be offset by poor data quality. D) reliance on technology results in the loss of hands-on knowledge.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 135
CVS refers to: A) eyestrain related to computer display screen use. B) carpal vision syndrome. C) wrist injuries brought about by incorrect hand position when using a keyboard. D) stress induced by technology.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 138
A colleague of yours frequently takes, for his own personal use, small amounts of office supplies noting that the loss to the company is minimal. You counter that if everyone were to take office supplies the loss would no longer be minimal. Your rationale expresses which historical ethical principle? A) Kant's Categorical Imperative B) The Golden Rule C) The Risk Aversion Principle D) The "No free lunch" rule
Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 118
Intellectual property can best be described as: A) intangible property created by individuals or corporations. B) unique creative work or ideas. C) tangible or intangible property created from a unique idea. D) the expression of an intangible idea.
Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 127
Which of the following adjusts copyright laws to the Internet age by making it illegal to circumvent technology-based protections of copyrighted materials? A) Digital Millennium Copyright Act B) Privacy Act C) Freedom of Information Act D) Electronic Communications Privacy Act
Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 130
The introduction of new information technology has a: A) dampening effect on the discourse of business ethics. B) ripple effect, raising new ethical, social, and political issues. C) beneficial effect for society as a whole, while raising dilemmas for consumers. D) waterfall effect in raising ever more complex ethical issues.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 113
Which of the following best describes how new information systems result in legal gray areas? A) They work with networked, electronic data, which are more difficult to control than information stored manually. B) They result in new situations that are not covered by old laws. C) They are implemented by technicians rather than managers. D) They are created from sets of logical and technological rules rather than social or organizational mores.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 113
A classic ethical dilemma is the hypothetical case of a man stealing from a grocery store in order to feed his starving family. If you used the Utilitarian Principle to evaluate this situation, you might argue that stealing the food is: A) acceptable, because the grocer suffers the least harm. B) acceptable, because the higher value is the survival of the family. C) wrong, because the man would not want the grocer to steal from him. D) wrong, because if everyone were to do this, the concept of personal property is defeated.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 119
According to the ________, you should take the action that produces the least harm. A) Categorical Imperative B) Risk Aversion Principle C) Utilitarian Principle D) Golden Rule
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 119
When a cookie is created during a Web site visit, it is stored: A) on the Web site computer. B) on the visitor's computer. C) on the ISP's computer. D) in a Web directory.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 123
A(n) ________ model of informed consent permits the collection of personal information until the consumer specifically requests that the data not be collected. A) opt-in B) opt-out C) P3P D) PGP
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 126
The ________ model prohibits an organization from collecting any personal information unless the individual specifically takes action to approve information collection and use. A) safe harbor B) opt-in C) FIP D) P3P
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 126
"Look and feel" copyright infringement lawsuits are concerned with: A) the distinction between tangible and intangible ideas. B) the distinction between an idea and its expression. C) using the graphical elements of another product. D) using the creative elements of another product.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 128
It is not feasible for companies to produce error-free software because: A) any programming code is susceptible to error. B) it is too expensive to create perfect software. C) errors can be introduced in the maintenance stage of development. D) any software of any complexity will have errors.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 131
The U.S. CAN-SPAM Act of 2003: A) makes spamming illegal. B) requires spammers to identify themselves. C) has dramatically cut down spamming. D) does not override state anti-spamming laws.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 134
The term "________ divide" refers to large disparities in access to computers and the Internet among different social groups and different locations. A) computer B) technology C) digital D) electronic
Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 135
NORA is a: A) profiling technology used by the EU. B) federal privacy law protecting networked data. C) new data analysis technology that finds hidden connections between data in disparate sources. D) sentencing guideline adopted in 1987 mandating stiff sentences on business executives.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 116
FIP principles are based on the notion of the: A) accountability of the record holder. B) responsibility of the record holder. C) mutuality of interest between the record holder and the individual. D) privacy of the individual.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 121
U.S. businesses are allowed to use personal data from EU countries if they: A) have informed consent. B) create a safe harbor. C) develop equivalent privacy protection policies. D) make their privacy protection policies publicly available.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 122-123
Flash cookies are different from ordinary cookies in that they: A) are installed only at the user's request. B) are not stored on the user's computer. C) cannot be easily detected or deleted. D) monitor the user's behavior at a web site.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 125
The limitation of trade secret protection for software is that it is difficult to prevent the ideas in the work from falling into the public domain when: A) the courts become involved. B) hackers are able to break into the source code. C) the software is widely distributed. D) a new version of the software is released.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 127
A(n) ________ grants the owner an exclusive monopoly on the ideas behind an invention for 20 years. A) copyright B) trademark C) patent D) trade secret
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 128
What legal mechanism protects the owners of intellectual property from having their work copied by others? A) Patent protection B) Intellectual property law C) Copyright law D) Fair Use Doctrine
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 128
________ can be induced by tens of thousands of repetitions under low-impact loads. A) CTS B) CVS C) RSI D) Technostress
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 138
n the information age, the obligations that individuals and organizations have regarding the preservation of existing values and institutions fall within the moral dimension of: A) family and home. B) property rights and obligations. C) system quality. D) quality of life.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 114
Immanuel Kant's Categorical Imperative states that: A) if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, then it is not right to be taken at any time. B) one should take the action that produces the least harm or incurs the least cost. C) one can put values in rank order and understand the consequences of various courses of action. D) if an action is not right for everyone to take, it is not right for anyone to take.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 118
The ethical "no free lunch" rule states that: A) if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, then it is not right to be taken at any time. B) one should take the action that produces the least harm or incurs the least cost. C) one can put values in rank order and understand the consequences of various courses of action. D) everything is owned by someone else, and that the creator wants compensation for this work.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 119
The Federal Trade Commission FIP principle of Notice/Awareness states that: A) customers must be allowed to choose how their information will be used for secondary purposes other than the supporting transaction. B) data collectors must take responsible steps to assure that consumer information is accurate and secure from unauthorized use. C) there is a mechanism in place to enforce FIP principles. D) Web sites must disclose their information practices before collecting data.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 121
European privacy protection is ________ than in the United States. A) less far reaching B) less liable to laws C) much less stringent D) much more stringent
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 122
The most common source of business system failure is: A) software bugs. B) software errors. C) hardware or facilities failures. D) data quality.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 132
The "do anything anywhere" computing environment can: A) make work environments much more pleasant. B) create economies of efficiency. C) centralize power at corporate headquarters. D) blur the traditional boundaries between work and family time.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 132-133
The practice of spamming has been growing because: A) telephone solicitation is no longer legal. B) it is good advertising practice and brings in many new customers. C) it helps pay for the Internet. D) it is so inexpensive and can reach so many people.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 134
Which of the five moral dimensions of the information age do the central business activities of ChoicePoint raise? A) Property rights and obligations B) System quality C) Accountability and control D) Information rights and obligations
Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 116
One of the drawbacks of patent protection is: A) that only the underlying ideas are protected. B) digital media cannot be patented. C) preventing the ideas from falling into public domain. D) the years of waiting to receive it.
Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 128
The strength of patent protection is that it: A) puts the strength of law behind copyright. B) allows protection from Internet theft of ideas put forth publicly. C) is easy to define. D) grants a monopoly on underlying concepts and ideas.
Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 128
The principles of right and wrong that can be used by individuals to make choices to guide their behavior are called morals.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 112
Advances in data storage have made routine violation of individual privacy more difficult.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 115
Any unsolicited e-mail is legally considered spam.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 134
The last step in analyzing an ethical issue should be to identify the stakeholders - people who have a vested interest in the outcome of the decision.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 118
Safe harbor is informal permission to reuse data, given with knowledge of all the facts needed to make a rational decision.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 122
According to the courts, the creation of software, unique concepts, general functional features, and even colors are protectable by copyright law.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 128
Despite the passage of several laws defining and addressing computer crime, accessing a computer system without authorization is not yet a federal crime.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 133
The Utilitarian Principle asks you to put yourself in the place of others, and think of yourself as the object of the decision
Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 119
Trade secret law does not protect the actual ideas in a work product.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 127
The key concepts in patent law are originality, novelty, and value.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 128
Privacy is the right to be left alone when you want to be, without surveillance or interference from other individuals or organizations.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 120
The most common type of computer-related RSI is carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).
Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 138
Liability refers to the existence of laws that permit individuals to recover damages done to them by other actors, systems, or organizations.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 117
A Web beacon is a tiny object embedded in e-mail messages and Web pages that is designed to monitor online Internet user behavior.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 125
Spyware is software that comes hidden in downloaded applications and can track your online movements
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 125
Copyright is the legal protection afforded intellectual property, such as a song, book, or video game.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 128
The drawback to copyright protection is that the underlying ideas behind the work are not protected, only their reproduction in a product.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 128
The commission of acts involving the computer that may not be illegal but are considered unethical is called computer abuse.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 134
Technostress is a computer-related malady whose symptoms include fatigue.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 138
