IS 477 Exam 2 Study Guide - Part #1

T carrier

(dedicated circuits in the WAN (along with SONET))A digital transmission service from a common carrier. Initially used for voice, its use for data grew steadily and T1 and T3 lines were and still are widely used to create point-to-point private data networks.

Autonomous vehicles

(driverless car, self-driving, robotic car) is a vehicle that is capable of sensing its environment and navigating without human input. They can detect surroundings using a variety of techniques such as radar, lidar, GPS, odometry, and computer vision.

Unified Communication

(UC) is a marketing buzzword describing the integration of real-time enterprise communication services such as instant messaging (Chat), presence information, voice, mobile features, audio, web and video conferencing.

Cable Plan

Each building floor has a data wiring closet that contains one or more network hubs or switches. Cables are run from each room on the floor to this wiring closet.

Virtual circuit

In Packet Switched Networks/ part of WAN. (Connection between different locations in packet network) a means of transporting data over a packet switched computer network in such a way that it appears as though there is a dedicated physical layer link between the source and destination end systems of this data

Hub

Or switch, can be thought of as a junction box, permitting new computers to be connected to the network as easily as plugging a power cord into an electrical socket. (Connected by a port). Can provide 4-24 ports, and act as repeaters.

Interleaving

PAD/ packet assembly/disassembly. methodology to make a system more efficient, fast and reliable by arranging data in a noncontiguous manner.Interleaving divides memory into small chunks. It is used as a high-level technique to solve memory issues for motherboards and chips. By increasing bandwidth so data can access chunks of memory, the overall performance of the processor and system increases.

Topology

The basic geometric layout of the network - the way in which the computers on the network are interconnected. (Logical-how the network works conceptually, Physical-how the network is physically installed)

T carrier circuit

The most, commonly used form of dedicated circuit services in North America. You lease a dedicated circuit from one building in one city to another building in the same or different city. Costs are a fixed amount per month, regardless of traffic. (T1 and T3 are common)

Latency

The time it takes a device from receiving a frame to transmitting it

Bottleneck

a circuit that is filled almost to its capacity and thus is the critical point that determines whether the users get good or bad response times.

Gateway

a network node connecting two networks that use different protocols. (Router)

Google fiber

a new fiber-optic internet and television service from google offered in select cities that provides up to 1 Gbps internet speeds (both upload and download). According to Google, the gigabit internet speeds are up to 100 times faster than the average broadband speeds in place today.

Access Point

a radio transceiver that plays the same role as a hub or switch in wired ethernet. Enables the computers near it to communicate w/ each other and it also connects them into wired LANs, typically using 100Base-T or 1000Base-T.

Datagram

a unit of transfer associated with networking. Has the following characteristics: Data is transmitted from source to destination without guarantee of delivery. Data is frequently divided into smaller pieces and transmitted without a defined route or guaranteed order of delivery. Packet switch network WAN

Subnet

are designed on the network that subdivide the network into logical pieces (For example UNR has address of 128.192.x.x, so business school LAN is assigned 128.192.56.x so all computers in that LAN would have the IP numbers starting with those number: 128.192.56.4, 128.192.56.5...)

OC circuit

used by telecommunications companies and ISP to carry voice traffic and to connect Internet Points of Presence (POP's). Also used by large businesses to connect to the internet and to transmit data between offices. They are delivered via SONET over optical fiber.