IS390 Midterm
The normal order of processes would be: requirements gathering, use case development, process modeling (data flow diagrams).
True
The primary actor, in a Use Case, can refer to a person, another software system, or hardware device that interacts with the system and initiates the event to which the system responds
True
The primary goal for an information system is to create value for the organization
True
The return on investment and break-even point calculations used in an economic feasibility analysis all share the weakness of not recognizing the time value of money
True
Using "Net Present Value" in calculating economic feasibility will allow for variations in the time value of money
True
Which is NOT a requirements analysis strategy
Understanding of screen design, layout and navigation
A _________ represents how a system interacts with its environment by illustrating the activities that are performed by the users of the system and the system's responses.
Use Case
Use cases generally have three parts: ____
Basic information, inputs and outputs, and details
Examples of external triggers for a use case would be it is time to pay an invoice or a library book is due
False
Most existing systems are well documented which leads to document analysis being a very valuable technique to understand an "AS-IS" system
False
Projects can be classified by: size, cost, purpose, length, programming language and hardware platform
False
Use cases are the same as process diagrams
False
In SDLC, analysis is generally divided into three steps: understanding the as-is system, developing a cost-benefit analysis, and understanding the technical feasibility
False (Would be in planning)
Which of the following would NOT generally be considered a way to classify a project within the project portfolio?
Feasibility
Which of the following would NOT generally be included as part of a system request?
Feasibility analysis
James is developing a DFD. What would be a good name for him to use on a data flow from Calculate Federal Withholding process to a data store called YTD Payroll Data?
Federal Withholding Taxes
Ruth is an analyst. On her DFD she has just placed a process. She will:
Give it a verb name, like "Search Inventory"
Hamid has selected one middle manager from each department that will be affected by the updated system and one lower-level manager from each department, along with a few senior staff as well as the project sponsor for a JAD session. He is trying to:
Have a broad mix of organizational levels in the JAD session
Which phase of the systems development lifecycle (SDLC) is generally the longest and most expensive part of the development process
Implementation
Which of the following would NOT generally be considered an example of a tangible benefit of a new information system request?
Increasing Market Share
Thomas is trying to change his Use Case into a Data Flow Diagram. He has found that a use case step generally is the same as a ______ in the Level 1 data flow diagram
Process
Which is NOT suggested for the Information System development projects
Projects need to give a positive return on investment within four years
Agile development is a group of programming-centric methodologies that focus on:
Streamlining the SDLC
The outcome of the analysis phase of the SDLC is the:
System Proposal Document
When applying typical industry standards for business applications to estimate how long a project should last, if the planning phase takes about 7.5 person-weeks, approximately how long will the remainder of the project last?
42.5 person weeks
System prototyping as a development methodology, is BEST characterized as delivering:
A Quick and Dirty system
A process model is:
A graphical way of representing how a business model operates
What is a system context diagram?
A high level map of a system and its surrounding environment
A payroll data flow diagram has a data store called Accumulated Salary Data. At one stage of the DFD, a process "Calculate YTD-Taxes" gets data from that data store, updates it in the process, and writes it back out. The diagram should show:
A line out of the data store labeled: Current YTD Payroll Details; and a line into the data store labeled: Updated YTD Payroll Details
Throwaway prototyping as a development methodology, is BEST characterized as delivering:
A method for exploring design alternatives
An external entity in a process model is:
A person, organization, or system outside of the system
Which of the following would be a "black hole" error on a DFD?
A process that has no output
A data flow is:
A single fact
What are data flow diagrams?
A visual representation of how data moves within an information system
TJ has prepared a spreadsheet where the total benefits for an IS project are $182,000; and the total cumulative costs are $120,000. The ROI would be:
About 51.7%
Which is NOT true of use cases?
All of the four statements are TRUE is regard to use cases: They contain all the information needed to build one part of a process model. Each use case has a name, a number, importance level, brief description, primary actor, trigger, major inputs and outputs, and a list of major steps Use cases can be identified by reviewing the functional requirements. Use cases should be confirmed by users.
Austin is a systems analyst. Which of the following people might be the most valuable to him in developing a use case for an accounts payable system upgrade?
Amy, a team manager in the accounts payable department
A process is:
An activity of a function that is performed for some specific business reason
Kallie is creating use cases, data flow diagrams and entity relationship diagrams. In what phase of the SDLC would she do this?
Analysis
A systems analysts is preparing and economic feasibility study. She is calculating the payback period. She is calculating:
Break-even Point
Decomposing a DFD means:
Breaking complex processes into a structured set of detailed diagrams
Which is an activity the information system users probably will NOT do on a project
Budget funds for the project
Which approach to business process management (BPM) is best described as the use of technology components to complement or substitute for manual information management processes with the intent of gaining cost efficiencies
Business Process Automation
Which of the following project roles would probably make a presentation about the objectives of a proposed project and its benefits to executives who will benefit directly from the project?
Champion
Which of the following will probably NOT be at a system walk-through?
Computer Center Director
Which Data Flow Diagram shows the entire system with its environment with only one process?
Context Diagram
Which Data Flow Diagram does not have data stores?
Context diagram
Which of the following is NOT a purpose of the requirements definition?
Cost-benefit analysis
Which of the following is NOT a project characteristic that will affect the methodology section decision?
Creating a cost/benefit spreadsheet
Extreme programming emphasizes
Customer satisfaction, Teamwork, Communication as a core value, Simplicity as a core
The relationship between use cases and data flow diagrams is:
Data flow diagrams start with the use cases and the requirements. The set of DFDs that make up the process model simply integrates the individual use cases
Amy has created a context diagram. What one DFD component is probably not shown?
Data store
The Major Outputs section on a case will give the:
Destination(s) of the output
A process model is an informal way of showing the external entities, event triggers, inputs and outputs.
False
Data (like Year-to-Date totals) that come from a data store and are used in a process (like "Calculate YTD Totals" and then the updates amounts are written back to the data store - can be drawn on a DFD model as a two-headed arrow
False
Determining business requirements is generally done in the planning phase of the SDLC
False
Michael, a systems analyst, is preparing a closed wiki site for Northstate Bank. He has written permission from eight other companies to view their internal wiki sites, and also has approval from his manager and the project team to use these other sites for ideas and structure. This would be a form of:
Informal Benchmarking
Myles is studying a system to lessen the number of complaints about the Help Desk. He has formally studied the service counter at Wal-Mart, Target, and Kohl's department store; as well as listened in to complaint phone calls to a hotel booking site. He is trying to see how other organizations work at lessening complaints and also how they handle complaints. This would be what type of analysis?
Information Benchmarking
Which would be the normal order of tasks in the Analysis phase of the SDLC?
Interviewing and/or JAD sessions; creating use cases; creating data flow diagrams
Which of the following methodologies might be most appropriate if you have a system project with: somewhat unclear requirements; somewhat unfamiliar technologies; that is complex; reasonably reliable; a short time schedule and high schedule visibility?
Iterative
Whetherbe describes this requirements elicitation technique of intervewing key stakeholders representing key functions in a group process where the group or collective experiences help determine better cross-functional requirements
Joint Application Design (JAD)
Match the picture representing a development methodology on the left with the correct name from the drop-down list on the right.
Learn Diagram
Logical process models are:
Models that describe processes without suggesting how they are conducted
Which is a true statement about IT projects?
Most IT departments face a demand for IT projects that far exceed the ability to do them
Robert is doing an economic feasibility analysis for a multi-year information system project using today's dollar values. He is doing:
Net present value analysis
Which of the following is NOT a classic planning mistake?
Omitting key requirements
When developing a feasibility analysis for a new system, this type of feasibility evaluates whether the system is likely to be accepted and used by the organization. Included in this assessment will be the strength of the sponsor's and management's support for the project and the enthusiasm or resistance of the users for the project.
Organizational Feasibility
Which of the following methodologies might be most appropriate if you have a system project with: clear requirements; very familiar technologies; not all that complex; reasonably reliable; a short time schedule and the schedule visibility is not important?
Parallel
Alice is calculating whether a system will lower costs or increase revenues. What SDLC phase is she in?
Planning
Which of the following would generally be considered as options to reduce potential risks when a new systems development project requires the use of the use of very new technologies, and no one within the organization's information systems development team has experience with the technology?
Provide upfront training on the new technologies; Utilize throwaway prototyping as a system development methodology; Supplement the project team with temporary resources during port or all of the project; Ensure additional time is included in the project plan for team members to learn new technologies
RAD is an acronym for:
Rapid Application Development
Which of the following information systems project roles would focus on the needs and necessities of the stakeholders?
Requirements analyst
A system analyst is preparing an economic feasibility study. She has a calculation where she takes total benefits minus total costs and divides that answer by the total cost. She is calculating:
Return on investment (ROI)
Processes in data flow diagramming are represented by
Rounded Rectangles
The most common reason for schedule and cost overruns for an information project is:
Scope Creep
Which is NOT an attribute of a systems analyst
Selecting which projects to approve
The Major Inputs section on a use case will give the ________
Sources of that input
A critical success factor in IS project management is to:
Start with a realistic assessment of the work that needs to be done
During project initiation, the system's business value to the organization is identified—how will it contribute to the organization's future success. Most ideas for new systems come from outside the IS area and are recorded on a formal document. The formal document presents a brief summary of a business need and explains how a system that addresses the need will create business value. What is this formal document?
System Request
The primary outputs of the Planning Phase of the SDLC are:
System Request, Feasibility study, and Project plan
An example of a nonfunctional requirement would be
System can be used in any of 100 offices worldwide
What is the MAIN difference between systems prototyping and throwaway prototyping?
System prototyping works with users to quickly develop a simplified working version of the proposed system; while throwaway prototyping focuses more on exploring design alternatives
Which is generally NOT true of non-functional requirements
Systems may need to have actual expenses from global operations
When developing a feasibility analysis for a new system, this type of feasibility looks at the capability of the organization to successfully develop the proposed system. Included in this assessment are the project size, the types of technologies to be used in the project, and the amount of prior experience with that technology and the business application.
Technical feasibility
The V-model for systems development pays more explicit attention to ___________:
Testing
The context diagram shows:
The "big picture" of the system with external entities and only one process
The main difference between the Parallel Development Methodology and the Iterative Development Methodology is that:
The Parallel Methodology will have subproject and the Iterative Methodology will have various releases
An example of a functional requirement is _______
The systems must provide inquiry/update access to the customer order system
Which of the following is NOT generally true for the role systems analysts play in an organization?
They are project sponsors for systems proposals
Which of the following is true about a JAD facilitator?
They set the meeting agenda
Brianna has a process that has two inputs but only one output
This is normal as all processes need at least one input and at least one output
Which of the following methodologies might be most appropriate if you have a system project with: unclear user requirements; unfamiliar technologies; somewhat complex; needs to be reliable; time is not an issue and the schedule visibility is somewhat important?
Throwaway Prototyping
The most common way to gather information for use cases are through requirements determination techniques such as interviews and JAD
True
Which of the following methodologies might be most appropriate if you have a system project with: unclear user requirements; unfamiliar technologies; very complex; must be reliable; a short to medium time schedule and the schedule visibility is somewhat important?
Throwaway prototyping
Assume the project manager has been told by management that his project MUST be completed on time. The project manager's best estimates are more than two weeks after the absolute deadline. Which technique could he use to get a functional system on time?
Timeboxing
The science (or art) of project management is in making ___________ of size, time and cost.
Trade offs
A repository for data in DFDs is called a "data store"
True
Data Flow diagrams, as a tool for process modeling, can be used with either "AS-IS" systems or "TO-BE" systems
True
External entities are persons, organization, or system that is external to the system, but interacts with it.
True
In interviews, Ross has learned that the new order entry system must be available in at least three formats (mobile, web browser, and local area network based); that it must function in either English or Spanish; and that the system must return order forms and data in less than 2 seconds. He recognizes these as nonfunctional requirements.
True
Jorge, Vice President of Operations, has requested that the updated supply chain system keep a record of all "stock-outs" for six years. This is an example of a functional requirement.
True
The relationship between use cases and data flow diagrams is generally:
Use cases are developed first and then data flow diagrams follow
Rapid Application Development is a collection of methodologies that include all of the following except:
V-Model methodology
Which of the following methodologies might be most appropriate if you have a system project with: clear requirements; very familiar technologies; not all that complex; must be reliable; a somewhat longer schedule and the schedule visibility is not important?
V-model
Which of the following methodologies generally takes the longest to complete all the SDLC steps?
Waterfall
Which of the following methodologies might be most appropriate if you have a system project with: clear requirements; very familiar technologies; not all that complex; reasonably reliable; a very long time schedule, and the schedule visibility is not important?
Waterfall
Interpersonal skills for a project manager might be important when:
Working with a highly controversial project that may have political implications
