ISS 315 Exam Questions
Copenhagen Accession Criteria: Administrative: has adopted administrative changes to assure smooth interaction between the __ and __ institutions. (UK Supreme Court)
national and EU
Copenhagen Accession Criteria: Economic: functioning market economy capable of __ from common European market
pressure
The European Free Trade Association. To keep its Commonwealth ties, Britain proposed the EFTA. Free trade areas are a minimum level of integration with mutual __ in tariffs, etc. As __ faded in importance Britain decided that joining EEC was in its economic interest.
reduction Commonwealth
Composition of the European Commission 27 Members of the Commission "Commissioners" appointed by member __ to run the institutions and take its decisions. Accountable to __ and must clarify and justify policies or face dismissal by a motion of censure. Responsible to act in the interests of the EU as a whole and not take direction from their national governments.
states Parliament
As a percent of the Gross Domestic Product and allowing for periodic recessions, A) Corporate profits have risen steadily since the mid 1990s. B) Wages have fallen steadily reflecting a reduced share of corporate profits. C) Wages have risen steadily along with the rise in corporate profits. D) A and B E) A and C
A) Corporate profits have risen steadily since the mid 1990s.
Which of the following statements about the provisions in the accession agreement that established the terms and conditions for its membership in the World Trade Organization that give China a competitive advantage in trade is true? A) In 1985 when negotiations began, China was a New Industrializing Country and needed the protections afforded it under the generalized system of preferences. B) China was allowed to manipulate its currency to make Chinese exports less expensive in the world and particularly the US market. C) China was allowed to use high export taxes on rare earths to force foreign companies to move production to China to avoid these costs and supply disruptions. D) The exemptions allowed in the accession agreement are permanent giving China an advantage for years to come.
A) In 1985 when negotiations began, China was a New Industrializing Country and needed the protections afforded it under the generalized system of preferences.
The Great Compression occurred in the mid-20th century when the income of unskilled workers came closest to that of skilled workers. A) True B) False
A) True
France justified its colonialism as a mission civilisatrice, while Britain bore "the white man's burden." Colonial troops found in Europe in defense of the "mother country" and at home to drive out __ forces.
Axis
The richest 400 Americans have more wealth than the bottom ____ Americans put together. A) 100 million (30%) B) 150 million (50%) C) 200 million (66%) D) 250 million (80%)
B) 150 million (50%)
Most favored nation (MFN) status means that the United States... A) Approves of the political and social policies of a nation granted MFN status. B) Extends to the MFN the same trade concessions it has negotiated with other trading partners. C) Will provide military assistance to the MFN if a communist or socialist country invades that nation. D) All the above
B) Extends to the MFN the same trade concessions it has negotiated with other trading partners.
29. The position of Adam Smith in his "Theory of Moral Sentiments" is similar to Abram Maslow's "Theory of Human Consumption" because both recognize that only wealth and the market can satisfy our emotional as well as physical needs. A) True B) False
B) False
Robert Reich observes that people are generally willingly to give up something they already possess if someone offers them something of greater value. A) True B) False
B) False
How is "Middletown" (Muncie, IN) today different than it was when Robert and Helen Lynn first studied it in 1929? A) The Working Class continues to depend mainly on employers like GM manufacturing things. B) The 'Business Class' is now smaller, better educated and more engaged in professional occupations. C) The variety and quality of public services has improved. D) With improving public education and higher wages, the social distance between the classes has narrowed. E) All the above
B) The 'Business Class' is now smaller, better educated and more engaged in professional occupations.
Which of the following countries currently has the greatest inequality of income and the lowest social mobility? A) France B) The United States C) Great Britain D) Germany E) Canada
B) The United States
According to Mark Lilla's article" The Politics of God", ____________, planted a seed, a thought that it might be possible to build legitimate political institutions without grounding them on divine revelations: A) Jean-Jacques Rousseau B) Thomas Hobbes C) John Locke D) Protestant liberal theologians
B) Thomas Hobbes
Which of the statements about oil production and pricing is not true? A) The US is producing more oil domestically than any time in the past ten years. B) The US is using less foreign oil, as a percent of total consumption, than at any time in the past ten years. C) The United States and in particular the president of the United States determines the global price of oil. D) The Organization of Oil Producing Countries (OPEC) controls the world supply of oil and by raising or lowering production controls the global price of oil.
C) The United States and in particular the president of the United States determines the global price of oil.
According to factor price equalization theory, globalization of labor means that... A) Workers in high wage regions will see their wages rise equal to the value of what they produce. B) Workers in low wage regions will see their wages decline as capital intensive production declines. C) The wages of workers in high wage countries and workers in low wage countries will see their wages converge. D) All of the above E) A and B only
C) The wages of workers in high wage countries and workers in low wage countries will see their wages converge.
Oligarchy means government by A) The aristocracy B) The people C) The few D) The royalty
C) the few
1951 Treaty of Paris created the European __ and __ Community. Belgium, West Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. British invited to join but refused on grounds of national __.
Coal and Steel sovereignty
Britain applies for EEC membership. The British public accepted this as membership in the "___", the wider political implications were not widely understood. 1961 Conservative PM Harold Macmillan applied but application vetoed by Charles de Gaulle. 1967 Labour PM Harold Wilson applied but application __ by Charles de Gaulle.
Common Market vetoed
Treaty of Rome: All member states in ECSC, EURATOM and EEC had identical memberships and institutional structures. Shared the __ and __ in common. Their separate Councils and Commissions were merged in 1965 into a single Council and Commission.
Court of Justice and Parliament
According to the article, " The Insourcing Boom," which of the following was a factor in General Electric's decision to shift the manufacturing of GeoSpring water heaters back to their Appliance Park facility in Louisville, Kentucky? A) Concern that making it in China meant the risk that patented design innovations and new manufacturing techniques could be passed to their Chinese competitors. B) The price of oil has tripled since 2000 increased making cargo-ship fuel more expensive while the natural gas in the United States now costs one-fourth as much as it does in Asia. C) Wages in China are now five times higher than they were in 2000. D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The Generalized system of preferences (GPS) adopted under GATT in 1965... A) Granted preferential access to manufactured and semi-manufactured goods exported from Newly Industrializing Countries Generalized System of Preferences (GPS) adopted under GATT in 1965... (NICS) to advanced industrialized ones. B) Exempted NICs from the reciprocity requirement in trade agreements with industrialized countries. C) Made export processing zones (EPZs) possible D) All of the above
D) All of the above
WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutNeoliberalismwithChinesecharacteristicsistrue? A) Authoritarian regimes such as those in Chile, Taiwan and Singapore are not compatible with capitalist markets. B) Deng Xiaoping introduced market forces to encourage individual initiative and stimulate economic growth. C) The goal of Deng's reforms was xiokang, to create ideal society that provides for all its citizens. D) All the above
D) All the above
In Hawaii, the missionaries: A) Gained spiritual influence with royalty and with it political leverage as advisors and staff B) Who initially attempted to protect the natives from exploitation eventually allied themselves with the merchant class C) Fiercely opposed US government policy of annexation of Hawaii D) All of the above E) A and B only
E) A and B only
If we compare the income share of the wealthiest 0.1% of the population in countries such as the United States and Britain where the extensive neoliberal reforms were carried out with France and Japan where they were not, we find that the income share of the wealthiest 0.1%... A) Are regaining their pre-Depression levels in the U.S. and Britain. B) Are regaining their pre-Depression levels in Japan and France. C) Are not regaining their pre-Depression levels in Japan and France. D) A and B only E) A and C only
E) A and C only
The European Commission: The Executive Arm of the EU- Manages and implements EU __ and the __ Enforces European law with __ Represents EU internationally
ECJ policies and the budget
The European Council: Comprised of the presidents or prime ministers of all __countries, plus the President of the __ Holds "summits" four times annually; minimum every six months Lacks formal decision-making powers but is the most influential body Sets major policy guidelines to agree on overall EU policy and to review progress Chaired by a head of the member state that holds the presidency of the Council of Europe.
EU European Commission
Treaty of Rome: The European Economic Community (EEC), later renamed the __. Created a "customs union" removing trade barriers with in the member states with plans to create a "___" Customs unions imply political integration with common borders, standards and policies. Based on "four freedoms": freedom of movement of goods, services, people and capital.
European Community (EC) common market
__ (__) to establish an European army under join control. Failed when the ___ refused to ratify . Revived as the Common Foreign and Security Policy pillar under Maastricht and the European Rapid Reaction Force the is currently being developed.
European Defense Community (EDC) French National Assembly
The European Political Community was shelved when the French rejected EDC but was revived as ___.
European Political Co-operation.
According to Reich, economic development in states that implemented "right to work" legislation and "open shops" that discouraged unionization was better than in states with strong labor unions. True or false
False
The European Commission: The Executive Arm of the EU- Proposes legislation to __ and the __ Regulations apply directly to all countries and detail their implementation ('spy in the cab' systems) Directives lay out objectives but allow __ members to decide how best to achieve them. Decisions are binding and apply directly to specific individuals, nations and firms
Parliament and the Council individual
Post WWII, they demanded the freedom they fought to restore for themselves. __ at war in Algeria and Vietnam __ surrendered colonies with less violence but with no less sense of loss.
France Britain
__ labor from former colonies required to rebuild Europe created the multicultural societies. __ growth had to begin in Europe
Immigrant Economic
Since China joined the World Trade Organization in 2001, _____ was the country most hurt by the shift of high volume, low cost manufacturing to China by U.S. corporations
Mexico
BONUS QUESTION!!! John Stewart on The Daily Show said it was not possible for General Electric to pay a corporate tax of less than zero on a worldwide profit of 14 billion dollars in 2010. Was he right? A) Yes B)No
Nope
In his article, "Making It in America," Adam Davidson tells a joke from South Carolina where hundreds of mills once produced cotton clothes and textiles about a modern textile mill with only two employees: a man and a dog. The man or so the joke goes was there to feed the dog and the dog was there to keep the man away from the machines. A) True B) False
True
In its February 2013 Background Briefing on the source of general fund revenue supporting public higher education funding in Michigan, the House Fiscal Agency noted a shift in the percent of General Fund revenue beginning in 2002. As the percent of state appropriation to the General Fund steadily declined, there was an equal increase in the tuition and fees charged to students. A) True B) False
True
Maastricht: The Treat of the European Union was needed to __ power within the EU. Previously the EC, ECJ and the EP were not directly controlled by the government and wielded considerable power and could impose decisions on governments, even if the government disagreed with it.
balance
Copenhagen Accession Criteria: Determines which __ are eligible to begin accession negotiations. Acquis communitaire or "common agreement" facilitated the spread of liberal democracy The EU became a franchise spreading best __, e.g. French equal pay policy, across accession countries
countries practices
European Commission and Legislation: Draws up proposals for new legislation to present to the European Parliament and the Council of the EU. Consultation with advisory committees: European __ and __ committees
economic and social
Maastricht: Introduced the "three pillars" of the EU The Community pillar Responsible for traditional EU role in __ and __ matters. Stronger than the powers of the __ in the EU but uses a Qualified Majority Vote. Established the mechanisms for creation of a common currency, the "__". Retained the powers of existing independent supranational institutions - the European Commission (EC) and the European Parliament (EP)
economic and trade governments Euro
French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman put forward a proposal for a coal and steel union. Objectives The development in common __ to other countries. Improvement in the ___ of workers "The supply and movement of coal and steel between member countries will immediately be freed of all __ duty
exports living condition customs
Maastricht: Introduced the "three pillars" of the EU: The The Common Foreign and Security Policy pillar (CFSP) Expanded competencies in __ policy and __ matters An intergovernmental system requiring consultation and voluntary cooperation. Member states have veto power
foreign military
Copenhagen Accession Criteria: Political Criteria: country should have proved its commitment to protecting __and minorities and have a record of stable democratic institutions.
human rights
Treaty of Rome: The European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) pooled the non-military __ resources of the states.
nuclear
Maastricht: Introduced the "three pillars" of the EU: Judicial and Home Affairs pillar Expanded competencies for __ and __ co-operation in criminal matters. Retained the power of existing independent supranational ___ (ECJ) but member states have veto power.
police and judicial European Court of Justice
The European Union was Founded on a collection of ___ creating separate "communities" built to address specific issues and needs pragmatically . Revision and amendment of these treaties through an "Inter-governmental conference" to integrate and expand responsibilities. ___ (1986) came into force 1987 to amend EEC Treaty and complete the single European market. ___ (1997) replaced letters with numbers in treaty articles. ___ (2001) streamlined EU institutions for expansion.
treaties Single European Act Treaty of Amsterdam Treaty of Nice
Although American consumers have access to an incredible array of low cost goods due to the globalization of trade and increased productivity, when adjusted for inflation the average hourly worker today earns more than in 1993 but less than a worker in 1972. A) True B) False
true
Robert Reich feels that some inequality is inevitable if people are going to have the incentives to work hard, to take risks and to innovate. A) True B) False
true
The various crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis were legal. A) True B) False
A) True
Which of the following was not a result of the neoliberal reforms imposed on Mexico? A) The privatization and reorganization of the banking system, lowering tariff barriers, and opening internal markets to foreign capital. B) A rise in per capita income and in real wages as Mexico adopted a more flexible labor market. C) Decreased spending on public goods and cuts to urban services including public transportation, potable water, health services, trash collection in the Mexican capital. D) Elimination of food subsidies to all but the poorest Mexicans.
B) A rise in per capita income and in real wages as Mexico adopted a more flexible labor market.
In her documentary, A Place Called Chiapas, Nettie Wild confronted Subcomandante Marcos with the fact that Zapatista supporters outside the areas controlled by the EZLN were being threatened with exile or death. Why could Marcos not help them? A) Bishop Garcia was opposed to the Zapatistas refused to participate further in peace talks unless they disarmed. B) An armed confrontation with the Paz y Justitia paramilitaries or the Mexican police would violate the truce and jeopardize the negotiations. C) Marcos did not have the equipment, men or popular support to undertake a military operation in the north of Chiapas. D) The international guests at the Enquentro in La Réalidad who were against neoliberalism and for humanity opposed violent action.
B) An armed confrontation with the Paz y Justitia paramilitaries or the Mexican police would violate the truce and jeopardize the negotiations.
When _______, U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt threatened to intervene but could not because doing so would violate his own "Good Neighbor" policy. A) Germany attempted to land military supplies to assist Huerta in his fight against Poncho Villa B) Cárdenas created Petroles Mexicanos (PEMEX) following a wage dispute with American oil companies. C) Mexico broke diplomatic ties with Japan, Italy and Germany but did not declare war on them D) Mexican cavalry attached U.S. troops following the annexation of Texas
B) Cárdenas created Petroles Mexicanos (PEMEX) following a wage dispute with American oil companies.
In Japan, government bureaucrats... A) Organized zaibatsu to encourage competition between businesses to ensure a price competitive domestic market. B) Encouraged and enforced agreements between manufacturers to coordinate investment, to share financial capital, and to jointly purchase and manufacture goods. C) Monitored business activity to prevent monopolies or any other market-dividing agreements. D) Encouraged Japanese companies to work with foreign manufacturers to create a healthy, competitive environment.
B) Encouraged and enforced agreements between manufacturers to coordinate investment, to share financial capital, and to jointly purchase and manufacture goods.
The U.S. government holds that foreigners are guilty of dumping goods on the U.S. market when they... A) Drastically increasing the volume of goods they sell to the U.S. B) Selling substandard goods that they could not sell at home. C) Take a profit of less than 8% thus undercutting U.S.-based prices in order to corner the market. D) Sell products at home for lower prices than they sell them for in the U.S..
C) Take a profit of less than 8% thus undercutting U.S.-based prices in order to corner the market.
President Echeverria was able to maintain Mexico as a 'corporatist' state buying up failing private enterprises and expanding number of state-owned businesses and utilities because... A) Article 123 of the Mexican Constitution required him to maintain full employment. B) It was needed to maintain employment and quell peasant, working class and middle class discontent. C) The discovery of oil and rising oil prices made it easy for the government to borrow money. D) Control of transport, energy, public utilities and basic industries were essential to his reelection.
C) The discovery of oil and rising oil prices made it easy for the government to borrow money.
Private investors, mutual funds and retirement plans demand that American companies achieve a ____ Return on Investment (ROI) or withdraw underperforming products from the market. A) 5% B)10% C)15% D)20%
C)15%
After World War II, which of the following countries possessed a large administrative bureaucracy experienced in regulating markets and encouraging industrial growth? A) The United States B) Japan C) Great Britain D) All of the above E) B and C only
D) All of the above
During the "Era of Consensus" that followed WWII, politicians on the right and left (Republicans and Democrats) generally agreed that government should... A) Intervene in the economy when necessary to keep inflation and the business cycle under control. B) Focus on full employment, economic growth, and the welfare of its citizens. C) Create a regulatory environment to restrain or enhance an industrial strategy. D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Ejidos were... A) Created under Article 27 of the 1857 Mexican constitution that called for the restoration or creation of indigenous agricultural communities. B) Neither capitalism nor socialist but owned the land it allotted to farmers for family use. C) Intended to provide schools, hospitals and financing through the Banco de Credito Ejidal. D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Why does Fallows feel that the "smiley curve" should make U.S. corporations and their stockholders smile? A) The high ends of the curve - branding and design; marketing and service - indicate where the greatest profit or markup occurs and these occur in the United States. B) The low center of the curve - manufacturing and assembly - indicated where the smallest profit occurs and this occurs in China. C) It explains how Chinese workers making $1,000 per year make it possible for American engineers, designers, and marketers to make $1,000 or more per week. D) All the above
D) All the above
The Bayonet Constitution of 1887: A) Gave the Americans living in Hawaii the right to vote in Hawaiian elections. B) Was patterned on Mississippi law and excluded native Hawaiians from voting through strict property requirements. C) King Kalahua under threat from the Honolulu Rifles was forced to sign it. D) All the above.
D) All the above.
Of the goals set forward by the EZLN when the rebellion began in January 1994, _____ was the only the Zapatistas managed to achieve. A) Better schools and education C) Distribution of and title to land B) Improved healthcare D) None of the above
D) None of the above
Although both Great Britain, France and the United States developed a liberal democratic systems of government, they differed in that... A) The British believed in building a system of government based on gradual change driven by particular historical events. B) The French and Americans believed in building a system of government based on the application of universal principles, such as the inherent rights of individuals. C) The French believed that for a system of government to succeed social divisions of all types had to be eliminated. D) The Americans accepted social divisions as normal and developed a system of government to constrain and channel difference. E) All of the above
E) All of the above
John A. Hobson (1902) argued that... A) Advanced nations should pursue imperialist policies in Africa and Asia to secure new markets and resources. B) Advanced nations should increase demand for this increased production by enlarging the number of people capable of purchasing domestically produced goods. C) War was inevitable as the economic interests of advanced nations came into conflict as they sought to expand their spheres of influence in Africa and Asia. D) AandConly E) B and C only
E) B and C only
The Clayton Act of 1914 prohibited a person from serving as a director or officer of two or more large companies that compete or companies from eliminating competition between them by agreement. This is known as ________ law. A) Antitrust B) Anti-capitalist C) Countervailing D) Anti-competition
A) Antitrust
Which of the following statements about market and command economies is false? A) Capitalism can only function in a democratic society. B) A country like Sweden can have a significant portion of its economy under direct government control and remain a democracy. C) In a pure command economy, production, salaries, investment decisions and the allocation of goods are determined by government planners. D) The economies of almost all countries have both command and market features.
A) Capitalism can only function in a democratic society.
To finance its debt, the Mexican government began to issue tesbonos, peso denominated bonds indexed to U.S. dollars, guaranteeing the value of the bonds even if the peso were devalued. When the U.S. Federal Reserve raised the interest rate on U.S. bonds, A) Demand for U.S. dollars increased raising the value of the dollar against the peso. B) Demand for the peso went up since it was "pegged" in the U.S. dollar. C) Demand for U.S. dollars decreased lowering the value of the dollar against the peso. D) A and B only E) A and C only
A) Demand for U.S. dollars increased raising the value of the dollar against the peso.
Which of the following was not a feature of the laws enacted by Paul Bremmer as head of the Coalition Provisional Authority in Iraq? A) Deregulated everything including oil production. B) Authorized the sale of Iraqi government enterprises to private owners. C) Gave full ownership rights to foreign buyers of Iraqi businesses including the right to repatriate 100% of the profits earned in Iraq. D) Required that foreign companies are treated the same as Iraqi companies and eliminated nearly all trade barriers.
A) Deregulated everything including oil production.
Which of the following statement about Nafta is true? A) It required the Mexican government to revoke Article 27 and eliminate the ejido system. B) It prevented the Mexican government from protecting peasant farmers from cheap and subsidized U.S. corn. C) It prevented the U.S. and Mexican governments from subsidizing corn and other agricultural products. D) It caused the price of tortillas, a staple in the Mexican diet, to go up.
A) It required the Mexican government to revoke Article 27 and eliminate the ejido system.
The practice of basing an economy on only one crop is called ___. A) Monocropping B) The plantation system C) Sharecropping D) Monopoly cultivation
A) Monocropping
The tourism industry in Hawaii A) Provides Hawaiians with jobs providing good pay and advancement opportunities. B) Has overcome the class division of labor. C) Does not demand government investment in the development of a tourism infrastructure, such as roads, harbors or airports. D) Is not subject to the boom and bust cycles that characterized the old plantation-based sugar industry.
A) Provides Hawaiians with jobs providing good pay and advancement opportunities.
The federal deficit... A) Reflects the federal government's tendency to spend more than it takes in revenue. B) Has declined progressively since the late 19th century. C) Is of little concern since it is quite small compared to the U.S. GNP and does not affect government programs, such as education or defense. D) Appears only under exceptional circumstances, such as during wartime.
A) Reflects the federal government's tendency to spend more than it takes in revenue.
As political philosophies, classical and modern liberalism share a common belief in... A) The dignity of the individual. B) The need to eliminate inequality and abolish poverty. C) The need to limit the role of government in managing the economy. D) All of the above
A) The dignity of the individual.
According to Mark Lilla's article "Politics of God", the Great Separation is: A) The replacement of a political theology centered on God with a political philosophy centered on man B) The establishment of theocratic state C) A political philosophy based on the idea that God is the center of the universe D) The dominant form of political establishment throughout Middle East E) A political concept introduced by the German philosopher, Immanuel Kant
A) The replacement of a political theology centered on God with a political philosophy centered on man
As political philosophies, classical and modern liberalism share a common belief in... A) The rights and dignity of the individual. B) The need to eliminate inequality and abolish poverty. C) The need to expand the role of government in managing the economy. D) All of the above
A) The rights and dignity of the individual.
The great Mahale (1848): A) Took the land from Hawaiian people and laid the foundation for the sugar plantation economy B) Took the land away from Hawaiian people and laid the foundation for the Hawaii's industrial revolution C) Took the land away from Hawaiian oligarchs and gave it to Hawaiian people D) Took the land away from Hawaiian oligarchs and gave it to the Chinese immigrants who were brought over to work in sugar plantation
A) Took the land from Hawaiian people and laid the foundation for the sugar plantation economy
According to the ABC News report, China holds massive amounts of US debt both in government bonds and loans to private American corporations to finance the trade deficit. If China were to collect on that debt, US imports from China would drop precipitously resulting in massive unemployment and social unrest in China. A) True B) False
A) True
By the end of the 19th century, due to overcapacity supply outstripped demand in parts of Western Europe, North America and Asia causing prices to collapse and depressing the global economy. A) True B) False
A) True
Harvey argues that the Neoliberal reforms begun under Carter and expanded under Reagan and Thatcher were driven by a crisis of capital accumulation affecting the wealthiest segment of the population rather than by the need to address structural problems in the U.S. and British economy. A) True B) False
A) True
In 1973 motivated in part by the U.S. involvement in the Yom Kippur War, the Organization of Oil Producing Countries (OPEC) decided to raise oil prices by strictly enforcing quotas on member countries to reduce supply; triggering inflation by driving up the price of petroleum and petroleum-based products. A) True B) False
A) True
James Blout, the U.S. government investigator sent by President Cleveland to look into the overthrow of Queen Liliuokalani in 1893, declared the Committee of Safety to be "18 men representing no one." A) True B) False
A) True
The merger of land rich, capital poor Hawaii-based companies with land-poor, capital rich overseas corporations fueled the tourist industry in Hawaii? A) True B) False
A) True
_____ led the peasants in the southwestern state of Morelos to reclaim their lands by force. A) Zapata B) Poncho Villa C) Maderos D) Huerta
A) Zapata
The main benefit of Captain Vancouver's support of King Kamehameha in his war with the ali'i was that... A) Kamehameha offered the big island of Hawai'i to Great Britain. B) By making Kamehameha the king over all the islands, the British and American only had to negotiate with one person. C) Land became a commodity that could be bought and sold. D) The remaining ali'i were reduced to the status of commoners and no longer posed a threat to the colonists.
B) By making Kamehameha the king over all the islands, the British and American only had to negotiate with one person.
Which of the following statements about agriculture in Mexico is not true? A) Asked about the 10 million campesinos (peasants) who were being displaced by agribusiness, Carlos Hank, the Minister of Agriculture declared "that is not my area of work." B) Campesinos who lose their land and migrate to cities where they can easily find work. C) Vicente Fox, while president of Mexico, declared that "those peasants can be gardeners in Texas." D) Campesinos were 75% of the Mexican population in 1945 and 33% today. E) One-fifth of the Mexican population now lives in the United States.
B) Campesinos who lose their land and migrate to cities where they can easily find work.
When you buy an iPhone, which country gets the smallest share of the money? A) Japan B) China C) Germany D) South Korea E) The United States
B) China
According to Barber in The Roots of Muslim Rage, Thomas Jefferson believed the only way the United States could thrive and grow as a democracy only if all Americans were united in a common Christian religion. A) True B) False
B) False
In 1998 the year following the Acteal Massacre, the U.S. Defense Attaché in Mexico reviewed the situation in Chiapas and found no evidence that the Mexican army was providing direct support to armed groups in Chiapas or was engaged in activities to provoke conflict with EZLN supporters. A) True B) False
B) False
In 2000, Vincente Fox became only the second person elected president of Mexico who was not a member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) in seventy-one years. A) True B) False
B) False
Jeremy Bentham, the 19th century founder of Utilitarian ethics, believed that the market is an ethic in itself, capable of acting as a guide to all human action, and substituting for all previously held ethical beliefs. A) True B) False
B) False
A former Utah banker, Marriner Eccles became the Chairman of the Federal Reserve in 1934 and advocated for New Deal policies with Franklin Delano Roosevelt except... A) Increased government spending to stimulate the economy even if it meant increased government debt. B) Lowering taxes on the wealthy to stimulate investment and speculation. C) Programs for unemployment relief, public works, mortgage refinancing, and old age pensions. D) Putting more money in the hands of mass consumers to create the demand that would justify new business spending.
B) Lowering taxes on the wealthy to stimulate investment and speculation.
Harvey defines ______ as the belief that the social good is best achieved by maximizing the reach and frequency of market transactions bringing all human action into the domain of the market which becomes an ethic in itself and a substitute for all previously held ethnic beliefs. A) Capitalism B) Neoliberalism C) Neo-conservatism D) Socialism
B) Neoliberalism
______ means taking some specific function your company was doing in-house, having some other company do it for you, and reintegrating their work back into your overall operation. A) Off shoring B) Outsourcing C) Supply Chain linkage D) Globalization
B) Outsourcing
Which of the following is not an assumption that Keynes makes about unemployment? A) Unemployment is not a moral failing but results from the lack of demand when workers lacked the purchasing power to buy what they produced. B) Persistent unemployment is due to the unwillingness of workers to accept lower wages even though they didn't work hard enough to justify higher ones. C) Unemployment stems from a lack of demand due to an arbitrary and inequitable distribution of wealth in a society.
B) Persistent unemployment is due to the unwillingness of workers to accept lower wages even though they didn't work hard enough to justify higher ones.
Which of the following statements would NOT be characteristic of Friederich List? A) In the long run, a society's well-being is not determined by what it can buy but what it can make B) The best measure of a society's well-being is determined by what it can buy. C) The tree is more valuable than the fruit D) More efficient producers will give consumers better prices on goods
B) The best measure of a society's well-being is determined by what it can buy.
The China trade first brought Hawaii into the global economy as a source of ______, a commodity used by British merchants to trade for tea. A) sugar B) sandalwood C) whale oil D) kapu
B) sandalwood
During the American Civil War, _____ saw an opportunity to gain control of Mexico by sending 30,000 troops to prop up Maximillian von Hapsburg of Austria as Emperor of Mexico. A. Great Britain B. France C. Spain D. Germany
B. France
In international trade, quotas are A) A tax or duty imposed on imported goods. B) A tax or duty imposed on exported goods. C) A limit on the amount of a product or class of products that may be import from another country. D) A limit on the amount of a product or class of products that may be exported to another country.
C) A limit on the amount of a product or class of products that may be import from another country.
Which of the following statements about jobs is not correct? A) Temporary jobs were 2% of all American jobs in 1999 and rose to around 20% in 2010. B) Some employers limit the hours worked by temporary employees to avoid paying them benefits. C) Among industrialized nations, the percent of part-time workers in the labor force is highest in the United States. D) Many full time temporary workers are not eligible for promotion or benefits.
C) Among industrialized nations, the percent of part-time workers in the labor force is highest in the United States.
In the world systems perspective, the periphery is characterized by... A) The inability of the state to extend its control to the local level. B) A marked division of power between clans, sects, chiefdoms or even local oligarchies. C) An economy based on the extraction of raw materials the value of which is determined by the global market. D) A highly mobile population.
C) An economy based on the extraction of raw materials the value of which is determined by the global market.
Which of the following statements is NOT true? A) In a command economy, the government owns the means of production and goods are produced and allocated according to government plans. B) In a market economy, market forces determine the production of goods and individual incomes C) Democracy is the only governmental system compatible with a market economy. D) The economies of most countries have both command and market features.
C) Democracy is the only governmental system compatible with a market economy.
According to Barber in The Roots of Muslim Rage, the problems posed by the relation of religion and politics... A) Are universal issues arising from the nature of man and society. B) Can be resolved by applying American values based on the American experience. C) Derive from the specific cultural traditions and may entail radically different solutions. D) Unlike Christianity and Judaism, Islam is a regional religion and cannot be compared with either.
C) Derive from the specific cultural traditions and may entail radically different solutions.
What happened when President Cortines opted for a "hard money," low inflation strategy and devalued the peso against the U.S. dollar. A) Domestic prices and wages increased. B) American tourism and exports to the United States dropped. C) Foreign direct investment increased as American corporations bought up agricultural land. D) All of the above
C) Foreign direct investment increased as American corporations bought up agricultural land.
Which of the following statements about the settlement of the Mexican Province of Texas is true? A) Slaves made up less than five percent of the American settler population. B) Slavery was permitted in Mexico but permanently indentured servants were not. C) From 1824 until 1829, it was essentially a self-governing province in the Mexican federal system. D) American settlers were required to become Catholic if they wanted to vote in elections.
C) From 1824 until 1829, it was essentially a self-governing province in the Mexican federal system.
The Kuleana Act (1850): A) Redistributed the land among the commoners in Hawaii B) Took the land away from the royal family and gave it to the Hawaiian people C) Granted fee-simple rights to tenants on land they already occupied D) Laid the foundation of the sugar plantation economy
C) Granted fee-simple rights to tenants on land they already occupied
In the 1960s, W. Edwards Deming, an American statistician and quality control guru, found a very receptive audience for his methods of quality control in... A) United States B) European Community C) Japan D) China
C) Japan
Which of the following is not an advantage of vertical integration? A) Permits the owners to control costs between the various production, manufacturing and distribution components. B) Permits the owners to seek the best quality materials and services at the lowest price. C) Makes it harder for owners to make adjustments by changing suppliers when market conditions change. D) Provides partner companies preferential access to new technologies at preferential prices.
C) Makes it harder for owners to make adjustments by changing suppliers when market conditions change.
Trade policies based on the notion that a nation's wealth and influence depend on its ability to regulate and control its external trade at the expense of its rivals is known as... A) Colonialism B) Latifundia C) Mercantilism D) World Systems Theory
C) Mercantilism
The economic strategy begun by President Mateos in 1960 by which the Mexican government purchased foreign owned electric utilities is known as ________. A) Privatization B) Capitalization C) Nationalization D) Socialism
C) Nationalization
According to the "racial efficiency index" developed by Dr. Proteus, the ______" demonstrated all the signs of imbalance and temporary maladjustment that many adolescents show... Improvident and shiftless, highly emotional and impulsive and explosive... not prepared for a responsible role in U.S. government.". A) Filipinos B) Japanese C) Native Hawaiians D) Kamaaina
C) Native Hawaiians
In their letter to President Clinton and the U.S. Congress, the EZLN... A) Admitted there were foreign fighters in their ranks and that they were receiving funding and weapons from foreign governments. B) Had ties to the Catholic Church and were encouraged by priests and Bishop Garcia to embrace liberation theology. C) Pointed out that military and economic aid sent to Mexico to fight drug trafficking was being used against the Indians of Southeast Mexico. D) All of the above E) AandBonly
C) Pointed out that military and economic aid sent to Mexico to fight drug trafficking was being used against the Indians of Southeast Mexico.
______ poses a problem for Keynesian economics which predicts that prices should not go up when demand is low. A) Inflation B) Deflation C) Stagflation D) Procrastination
C) Stagflation
When Ariely and Norton showed Americans three pie charts showing the distribution of wealth by quintiles (five groups containing 20% of the population ranked from highest to lowest income) in three unnamed countries, which distribution did they prefer? A) Freedonia, a fictional country where the wealth was evenly divided between all five quintiles. B) The USA where 84% of the wealth is owned by the top 20% of the population and the bottom two quintiles have less than 0.5%. C) Sweden where 36% of the wealth is owned by the top 20%, 39% by the next two quintile and 16% by the bottom two quintiles.
C) Sweden where 36% of the wealth is owned by the top 20%, 39% by the next two quintile and 16% by the bottom two quintiles.
Which of the following statements about maquilas is not true? A) U.S. companies benefitted from lower labor costs allowing them to compete with Asian imports. B) Most of the women make up the majority of the maquilas workers are under 28 years of age. C) The number of maquilas and employees has increased steadily since 2001 when China joined the World Trade Organization (WTO). D) The majority of maquilas are owned by U.S. corporations or their Mexican subsidiaries.
C) The number of maquilas and employees has increased steadily since 2001 when China joined the World Trade Organization (WTO).
Which of the following statements is true? A) President Jimmy Carter, a Democrat, resisted all efforts by Congress to deregulate the trucking and airline industries. B) The national debt decreased under Presidents Reagan, George H. W. and George W. Bush. C) The only president who consistently ran budget surpluses and paid down the debt was Bill Clinton. D) Ronald Reagan was the first president to balance the budget by simultaneously cutting taxes on the wealthiest Americans while expanding programs to help the poorest.
C) The only president who consistently ran budget surpluses and paid down the debt was Bill Clinton.
Which of the following is not a feature of an Export Processing Zone (EPZ)? A) It is a small, geographically separate area within a country designated for the production of export goods. B) Components and assembled products can be made, stored or transported within the area; duties are paid on the value added only when the goods are removed. C) They are subject to investment restrictions limited the amount of foreign ownership to 50% or less. D) Provide companies access to cheap labor.
C) They are subject to investment restrictions limited the amount of foreign ownership to 50% or less.
The U.S. pattern of easy hire/easy fire can have a positive impact on employment during times of increased economic activity because employers are willing to hire workers because... A) They won't have to pay them as much. B) They have ninety days to decide whether to make the position permanent or not. C) They can eliminate excess workers quickly and easily should demand for their product fall off. D) Workers who know they have a job for life are less productive and not has motivated.
C) They can eliminate excess workers quickly and easily should demand for their product fall off.
U.S. military intervention has been necessary several times in Hawaiian history... A) To stem the threat of the "yellow tide" unleashed by the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. B) To protect and defend the democratically elected government of Hawaii. C) To protect the commercial interests of Americans holding property in Hawaii D) To assist the Hawaiian kings in their wars with the alii.
C) To protect the commercial interests of Americans holding property in Hawaii
Queen Emma of Hawaii: A) Allied herself with US government in US efforts to annex Hawaii B) Managed to develop grass roots support to facilitate the annexation of Hawaii by US C) Was opposed to annexation and land thievery and was very popular among the people of Hawaii D) None of the above
C) Was opposed to annexation and land thievery and was very popular among the people of Hawaii
The "sweet spot" on the Laffer Curve is achieved when ... A) The tax rate is high enough to meets government's need for revenue. B) The tax rate is low enough that taxpayers feel it is fair. C) Everyone pays the same flat rate no matter what their income. D) A and B only
D) A and B only
General Porfirio Diaz was president of Mexico from 1876 to 1911. While president, he... A) Sought outside funding to invest in mining, manufacturing and a railway system. B) Ruled that Indian villages (pueblos) could not hold land in common. C) Opened large areas of "unused" land to speculators, ranchers and political supporters. D) All of the above E) A and C only
D) All of the above
How did the U.S. approach to improving the American standard of living differ from the European approach? A) The U.S. refrained from using higher taxes to redistributed income from the rich to the poor and middle class. B) Created conditions for the middle class to fully share in the nation's prosperity. C) Pushed the economy towards full employment while enhancing workers' bargaining rights. D) All of the above
D) All of the above
In the colonial model, the metropolis: A) Extracts raw materials from the colony B) Controls the transportation and transformation of the raw material C) Controls the transportation and marketing of the finished product D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The Factor Price Equalization theory holds that "if goods can be made as well in a cheap-wage place as a high-wage place, then... A) The wages in the cheap-wage place will begin to fall. B) The wages in the high-wage place will begin to rise. C) The wages in the cheap-wage place and the high-wage place will begin to converge. D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The reason U.S. corporations licensed technology to Japan beginning in the 1960s was that A) Japan was viewed as the "American workshop on our lake" not as a competitor. B) Import quotas, tariffs and distribution networks made it costly and difficult to export to Japan. C) Container shipping, satellite communication and modern supply chain management techniques were not yet factors in international trade. D) All of the above
D) All of the above
When Commodore Perry's black ships "visited" Ido (Tokyo) harbor in 1853... A) The Japanese were forced to open their country to foreign trade. B) He demanded the Japanese lower their tariff on goods imported from the United States to 5% C) The Japanese realized that either they industrialize or they would become just another colony. D) All of the above
D) All of the above
When the Great Recession of 2008 hit, middle class American were forced to sharply curtail spending because... A) Many had borrowed against the value of their homes and the collapse in housing prices left many "underwater" owing more than their homes were worth. B) Household debt had risen to 138% of annual after-tax income from 100% in 2000 and 55% in the 1970s. C) Savings were depleted having dropped to 2.6% of household income from 6% in 1994 and 9% in the 1970s. D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Which of the following assumptions about free trade does Lester Thurow believe is incorrect? A) There is no cost in shutting down non-productive (non-competitive) industries and building new ones. B) Wages are based on individual skills, not on the industry. C) Trade accounts between nations will quickly balance. D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Which of the following consist(s) of Social Darwinism? A) Biology determines cultural ability B) Competition, population and food provided the "scientific" basis for non intervention in Irish potato famine C) Anglo-Canadians shared the view that Anglo-Saxon people and British principles of governance were the apogee of biological and social evolution D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Which of the following countries engaged in colonial wars to capture territories or suppress the indigenous population? A) Great Britain B) France C) The United States D) All of the above E) A and B only
D) All of the above
Which of the following events in the 1950s contributed to the decline of the sugar industry in Hawaii? A) A unionized workforce in Hawaii was able to win its demands for improved wages and benefits. B) Agribusiness multinationals established themselves in non-union, cheap labor, cheap-land area in the Caribbean and Asia. C) Declining sugar consumption and a glut of sugar on the world market led to declining sugar prices. D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Which of the following statements about the Sherman Act of 1890 is true? A) It forbids agreements between manufacturers to divide the market and prevented suppliers from giving companies preferential treatment. B) It forced American corporations to buy suppliers outright to vertically integrate their supply chain. C) It was scrapped by the World War II era War Industries Board that encouraged national cooperation and coordination of industry through trade associations. D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Which of the following was part of American business' response to the expanded role of government during WWII, A) The 1946 Road to Serfdom by Friedrich A. Hayek was published in a cartoon format the following year by General Motors as part of an industry-wade campaign to educate the public about the dangers of government planning. B) Government attempts at regulation were undermined by steady, boring and protracted litigation. C) The National Association of Manufacturers was established to provide an industry perspective on national policy. D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Why do clearly inefficient subsistence farmers in Mexico continue to produce corn even though the market value of corn continues to drop? A) They increase production in order to maintain income levels. B) They do not have the technology or the credit to switch to other better paying crops. C) Thirty-eight percent of the corn they produce is consumed by their families. D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Why did Alexander Hamilton favor subsidies over tariffs? A) Because subsidies benefited manufacturers more than farmers. B) Because tariffs benefited farmers more than manufacturers. C) Because subsidies were budget items and as such were a cost to taxpayers that could be more easily identified and withdrawn when no longer needed. D) All of the above.
D) All of the above.
How did "internationalization" affect the Big Five companies (e.g. Amfac) and Dillingham (Dilco)? A) Their unprofitable Hawaiian operations were sold off to raise capital. B) Resources and profits earned in Hawaii were used to capitalize development projects around the world. C) They had to disentangle their combined operations. D) All the above
D) All the above
The whaling industry: A) Involved native Hawaiians directly in the cash economy. B) Declined after 1871 when the bulk of the American whaling fleet was trapped and lost in Arctic ice. C) Collapsed when petroleum replaced whale oil as a lubricant. D) All the above
D) All the above
When the international lending stops and the U.S. has to begin paying back its $3 trillion dollar trade deficit... A) The U.S. will have to export over $300 billion per year for a decade with no imports. B) This U.S. trade surplus will replace local products elsewhere resulting in the loss of millions of jobs overseas. C) Americans will have to cut their annual consumption by $4 billion ($3 billion in products exported and $1 billion in interest on the (trade) deficit. D) All the above
D) All the above
Which of the following statements concerning the 1648 Treaty of Westphalia is NOT true? A) Established the basis for diplomatic immunity: persons acting on behalf of cannot be held accountable for their actions. B) Established the principle of sovereignty: states cannot interfere in the internal affairs of other states. C) Endorsed the "principle of effectiveness" in territorial disputes; defend it or lose it. D) Established the first international tribunal to settle disputes between states.
D) Established the first international tribunal to settle disputes between states.
According to Mark Lilla's article "The Politics of God", John Locke argued for a political order in which A) Messianic theology eventually breeds messianic politics B) Power must be consolidated in the hands of one man C) There must be only one dominant religion in the country D) Power should be limited, divided and widely shared and that different religions would be allowed to flourish, free from state interference
D) Power should be limited, divided and widely shared and that different religions would be allowed to flourish, free from state interference
Which of the following statements of U.S. government debt is not true? A) The majority of the foreign-owned debt is owed to China. B) The majority of the debt is owned by Americans. C) The majority of the America-owned debt is owned by the wealthiest 5% of Americans. D) The majority of the debt is owned by China.
D) The majority of the debt is owned by China.
