IT 253 Chapter 5

what is a WBS dictionary?

documents each task and describes detailed information about each WBS item

validating scope includes what?

formalizing acceptance of the project deliverables

is it easy or hard to create a good project scope statement and WBS for a project?

hard

the requirements management plan documents what?

how project requirements will be analyzed, documented, and managed

planning scope management includes what?

determining how the project's scope and requirements will be managed

what are some Suggestions for improving user input

- Develop a good project selection process and insist that sponsors are from the user organization - Place users on the project team - Conduct regular meetings with defined agendas - Deliver something to users and sponsors on a regular basis - Do not promise to deliver what the team cannot deliver in a particular time frame - Locate users with the developers

what are the goals of scope control?

-influence the factors that cause scope changes -assure changes are processed according to procedures developed as part of integrated change control, and -manage changes when they occur

what are some suggestions for reducing incomplete and changing requirements?

Develop and follow a requirements management process - Employ techniques such as prototyping, use case modeling, and JAD to get more user involvement - Put requirements in writing and keep them current - Create a requirements management database for documenting and controlling requirements - Provide adequate testing and conduct it throughout the project life cycle - Review changes from a systems perspective - Emphasize completion dates to help focus on what's most important - Allocate resources specifically for handling change requests

what are some softwares that can assists in project scope management?

Word-processing software helps create several scope- related documents Spreadsheets or presentation software to develop various charts, graphs, and matrixes related to scope management Mind-mapping software can be useful in developing a WBS Communication software like e-mail and web-based applications can transmit project scope management information Project management software helps in creating a WBS; basis for creating a Gantt chart Specialized software is available to assist in project scope management

what is a WBS?

a deliverable oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines the total scope of the project foundation doc that provides the basis for planning/managing project schedules, costs, resources, and changes

what is a deliverable?

a product produced as part of a project

what is an RTM?

a requirements traceability matrix a table that lists requirements, the attributes of each requirement, the status of the requirement

what is a work package?

a task at the LOWEST level of a WBS

what is scope?

all the work involved in creating the products of a project and the processes used to create them

in what type of environment do stakeholders define and approve the detailed scope before the start of an iteration?

an adaptive/agile environment

A ________ is a deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines its total scope. a. scope statement b. WBS c. WBS dictionary d. work package

b

________ refer(s) to all the work involved in creating the products of the project and the processes used to create them. a. Deliverables b. Milestones c. Scope d. Product development

c

as time progresses, the scope of a project should become more ....

clear and specific

controlling scope includes what?

controlling changes to project scope done throughout the life of the project

Which of the following is not a best practice that can help in avoiding scope problems on IT projects? a. Keep the scope realistic b. Use off-the-shelf hardware and software whenever possible c. Follow good project management processes d. Don't involve too many users in scope management

d

what is the main tool/technique in creating a WBS?

decomposition

project scope management includes the processes involved in ______ and ______ what is/is not included in a project

defining an controlling

collecting requirements details what?

defining/documenting features/functions and the processes used to create said products

what are some ways to collect requirements?

interview stakeholders, hold focus groups/facilitates workshops, use group creativity/decision-making techniques, use questionnaires and surveys, conduction observation studies, generating ideas by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics (benchmarking)

what are the main processes of project scope management?

planning scope management collecting requirements defining scope creating a WBS validating scope controlling scope

what is are the scope management plan contents?

prepare a detailed project scope statement create a WBS maintain and approve WBS obtain formal acceptance of the complete project deliverables control requests for changes to the project scope

what are some important elements of a project scope statement?

product scope description, product user acceptance criteria, detailed info on all project deliverables

scope control involves controlling changes to the ____

project scope

defining scope includes what?

reviewing the project charter, requirements documents, and organization process assets to create a scope statement

what is decomposition?

subdividing project deliverables into smaller pieces

creating the WBS includes what?

subdiving the major project deliverables into smaller, more manageable components

what is variance analysis?

the difference between the planned and actual performance

what does scope validation involve?

the formal acceptance of the completed project deliverables (customer inspection and sign off on key deliverables)

outputs of creating the WBS?

the scope baseline (includes approved scope statement and associated WBS and WBS dictionary) and project documents updates

when planning project scope management, the team uses expert judgement, data analysis, and meetings to develop what two things...

the scope management plan (part of project management plan) the requirements management plan

what are some approaches to developing WBS?

use guidelines analogy approach (review WBS of similar projects and tailor it to your project) top down approach (start with largest items and break them down) bottom up approach - start with smallest items/specific tasks and create overarching groupings mind mapping - use branches radiating out from core idea to structure thoughts and ideas

an important tool for performing scope control is _____ analysis

variance analysis