judicial test answers

Which of the following potential difficulties could have resulted from this decision?

The state legislature could have refused to implement the decision, leading to a crisis in the legitimacy of the Supreme Court's authority.

16. Which of the following sections of the United States Constitution is most related to the case Marbury v. Madison (1803) ?

Article 3

4. Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the two court cases?

Decided that the Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional Decided that redistricting plans based on race must be held to a high standard of scrutiny

Referencing the scenario, describe the Constitutional step required prior to the Senate's vote on John Roberts and explain how this process demonstrates checks and balances.

First the president nominates John Roberts, and then the senate must confirm said election, which checks the president's power because their decision is not final until Senate agrees

Which of the following statements best describes the information in the infographic above?

In general, the Warren Court changed precedents to be more liberal and the Burger Court altered precedents to be more conservative

5. Which of the following statements best explains how stare decisis influences Supreme Court justices?

It makes justices more likely to defer to previous Supreme Court decisions

Supporters of Hamilton's view that acts contrary to the Constitution are invalid could point to which of the following cases?

Marbury v. Madison

Which of the following Supreme Court cases is most relevant to this statement?

Marbury v. Madison

13. Which of the following statements best explains how judicial activism influences decisions made by individual justices when deciding cases heard by the Court?

Justices are influenced by the social effects the decision might have on the public

Which prior Supreme Court case could be cited as a precedent for the majority decision in United States v. Nixon (1974)?

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

What is the most likely presidential action in response to this announcement?

Nominate a federal judge who shares the president's ideology

Which of the following could Congress do to limit the Supreme Court's power in response?

Pass legislation changing the Court's jurisdiction

Which of the following statements best explains how a president's ideology can influence presidential nominations to the judiciary?

Presidents nominate Supreme Court justices who are likely to be sympathetic to their views, changing the ideological leanings of the Court

14. Which of the following actions can the states take to limit the Supreme Court's power?

Refuse to implement and enforce a ruling by the Court

Which of the following explains Senator Cruz's motivation for writing the excerpt above?

Senator Cruz believes that the Supreme Court made several controversial decisions that undermine states' rights under the Constitution.

Which of the following legal concepts did the chief justice apply in writing the opinion?

Stare decisis

17. The Supreme Court's decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803) relates to foundational documents in which of the following ways?

The Federalist 78 is about the power and role of the federal courts, and in Marbury v. Madison, Madison expands that role by giving the courts the power to determine whether laws or executive actions conflict with the Constitution.

Explain how the Senate process described in the scenario could affect the president's choice of John Roberts.

The President chose John Roberts because he was qualified, aligned with his ideological views, yet was not controversial which resulted in a simple nomination process and the bipartisan support

18. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of a case being decided based on precedent?

The Supreme Court bases its decision in a case involving the commerce clause on one of its earlier decisions involving the commerce clause.

Which of the following statements best summarizes Marshall's argument?

The Supreme Court should judge whether a law is constitutional

Which of the following was a likely result of the decision in Wickard v. Filburn that contributed to the Court's later decision in United States v. Lopez (1995) ?

The expansive interpretation of the commerce clause by the Supreme Court which greatly extended the power of Congress drew criticism that eventually led to a more narrow interpretation.

Which of the following statements best summarizes Hamilton's argument

The judicial branch is responsible for interpreting the Constitution and judging whether the laws passed by Congress are constitutional

This example illustrates which of the following?

Unpopular Supreme Court decisions can be avoided or ignored if other branches refuse to cooperate with the outcomes of those decisions.

9. Which of the following presidential actions is an example of court-curbing?

appointing justices that shift the ideological balance of the Supreme Court

Which of the following steps may Congress take to limit the Supreme Court's power?

pass legislation changing the Court's appellate jurisdiction

Which of the following actions could be taken to reverse the impact of the decision?

Congress could enact legislation to amend Title VII of the Civil Rights Act.

Describe what Roberts' statement during the public hearings in the scenario indicates about his views on the role of the court, and explain how this could affect his future decisions.

He takes judicial restraint over judicial activism, which means court decisions will have a limited role and won't be based on the effects of the public.

This scenario illustrates which of the following?

Ideological changes to the Supreme Court can lead to the overturning of precedent.