Kaplan Endocrine System A

The nurse instructs a client about insulin self-administration. It is most important for the nurse to make which statement?

"You should rotate injection sites." (The site of the injection must be rotated in order to get proper absorption; lipodystrophy can occur with repeated injections and can cause poor absorption of the insulin.

A client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes is placed on an 1,800 calorie/day diet. The nurse instructs the client which food is a suitable exchange for a pat of butter?

1 Tbsp of mayonnaise

The nurse assesses a client receiving levothyroxine sodium. Which indicates a favorable outcome to the nurse?

Increased urine output.

The nurse identifies the treatment of choice for severe ketoacidosis in a conscious person in which?

Insulin

the nurse knows that a blood sugar level of 40 mg/dL indicates which condition?

Insulin reaction

In teaching a client with Addison's disease about dietary needs, the nurse should emphasize the importance of consuming which nutrient?

Sodium

The nurse monitors the client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The client tells the nurse, "I jog 30 minutes every day but today after my jog I felt nervous, hungry, and had tremors." Which statement by the nurse is best?

You should eat cheese and crackers prior to jogging.

In preparation for discharge, a nurse reviews the diabetic exchange list with a client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The nurse informs the client that a sandwich made with two slices of whole wheat bread, one slice of turkey, 1 tsp. mayonnaise, and two lettuce leaves is the equivalent of which exchanges?

2 bread exchanges, 1 meat exchange, 1 fat exchange, and 1 vegetable exchange

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with Addison's disease. How would the nurse expect the client's skin to appear?

Abnormally dark and pigmented

The nurse cares for a client immediately after a thyroidectomy. It is most important for the nurse to contact the health care provider if which is observed?

Change in quality of respiration.

On the day of discharge, the client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes says to the nurse, "Tell me again, what should I do if I develop a fever?" Which response by the nurse is best?

Continue taking insulin as prescribed

The nurse understands that which statement best describes the action of glucocorticoids?

Convert protein and fat into glucose.

It is important for the nurse to monitor a client with Addison's disease for the development of which condition?

Dysrrhthmias

Following a client's treatment for Addison's disease, the nurse plans for the client's discharge. The client asks the nurse how long the medication must be continued. The nurse's response should include which information?

For the rest of your life.

The nurse understands that which type of insulin has the longest duration of action?

Glargine onset 3-4 hourse, small amount has no peak; duration 24 hours

The nurse recognizes which symptoms are characteristic of impending diabetic ketoacidosis?

Hot, dry, flushed skin, excessive thirst, rapid pulse.

The home care nurse instructs a client diagnosed with Addison's disease about precautions to take to avoid an Addisonian crisis. Which statement, if made by the client to the nurse, indicates that teaching is successful?

I should increase my salt intake during very hot weather.

The nurse instructs a client about the correct way to administer insulin. Which statement, if made by the client to the nurse, requires follow-up?

I will inject insulin into my left arm prior to weight training.

A client is evaluated in the outpatient clinic for hypothyroidism. The nurse would expect the client to exhibit which symptom?

Increasing fatigue

A client with hyperthyroidism tells the nurse of becoming very irritable. The nurse understands which about this symptom?

Irritability is commonly observed in clients with hyperthyroidism.

The nurse cares for a client after a subtotal thyroidectomy. The nurse identifies that damage to the parathyroid gland is indicated by which symptom?

Numbness in the fingers.

The nurse instructs the client recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes about proper meal planning. Which action should the nurse take first?

Obtain a diet history that includes the client's favorite foods and usual meal patterns.

The nurse teaches a client diagnosed with Graves' disease about diet. The nurse determines that further teaching is required when the client selects which food?

Tea

The nurse counsels a client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The client states, "I don't think that I can follow this diet!" Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

Tell me what you find frustrating about the diet.

The home care nurse monitors a client 7 days after a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. The nurse should intervene if which is observed?

The client brushes teeth morning and night. Not allowed to brush teeth for 1-2 weeks to allow incision to heal; instruct client to floss and use mouthwash

The nurse cares for a client diagnosed with a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse is most concerned if which is observed?

The client is eating ice chips.

The nurse cares for a client with diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. The health care provider prescribes vasopressin. The nurse determines that the medication is effective if which observation is made?

The client's specific gravity is 1.015

A client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse why "a pill" for diabetes can't be taken. Which best describes the action of oral hypoglycemic agents?

They stimulate beta cells in the pancreas to release endogenous insulin.

The nurse in the outpatient clinic cares for a client with the diagnosis of Cushing's disease. The nurse should expect to observe which symptom?

Thin legs and arms.

The nurse counsels a client about preparation for a subtotal thyroidectomy. The client asks the nurse why the health care provider has prescribed strong iodine solution. Which response by the nurse is best?

This medication will prevent post operative hemorrhage.