Key Terms (TEAS Mathematics Section) 2021-2022
Ratio
A comparison of the sizes of the two numbers.
Outlier
A data point that is distinctly separate from other data; an unexpected value.
Graph
A drawing that represents relationships between numbers or data.
Expression
A finite string of mathematical symbols (numbers, operations, variables) that are grouped to show a value.
Variable
A letter, often x, y, or z, that stands for an unspecified quantity.
Algebraic Equation
A mathematic equation that includes one or more variables.
Operation
A mathematical action.
Equation
A mathematical statement that indicates the equality of two expressions.
Inequality
A mathematical statement with two expressions that do not have the same value.
Fraction
A number expressed as a numerator and denominator.
Decimal
A number expressed in powers of 10.
Mixed Number
A number formed by an integer and a fraction.
Multiples of a Number
A number multiplied by various integers.
Rational Number
A number that can be expressed as a fraction.
Constant
A number that is not "attached to," or does not multiply, a variable.
Rate of Change
A rate that describes how one quantity changes in relation to another.
Unit Rate
A rate which shows how many units of one quantity (in the numerator) correspond to one unit of the second quantity (in the denominator), such as miles/hour.
Rate
A ratio that compares quantities of two unit of measure.
Irrational Number
A real number that cannot be expressed as terminating or repeating decimals.
Axis
A reference line for measurement of coordinates.
Estimation
A rough calculation of numbers.
Table
A set of data displayed in rows and columns.
Irregular Shape
A shape in which not all sides and angles are equal.
Linear Units
A unit used to measure length.
Dependent Variable
A variable that depends on at least one other variable.
Independent Variable
A variable that determines the value of another variable.
Multiplication
Addition of a number to itself a specified number of times.
Proportion
An equality of two ratios.
Legend
An explanation of figures used in a chart.
Cartesian Coordinate
An ordered pair or ordered triple used to specify a point on a plane or space, respectively.
Inequality Symbols
Less than (<), greater than (>), less than or equal to, and greater than or equal to.
Inverse Arithmetic Operations
Mathematic operations that undo each other.
Measures of Central Tendency
Mean is commonly known as the average; median is the middle value; and mode is the number repeated most often.
Variable Terms
Numeric values consisting of variables and coefficients or constants.
Place Value
Numerical value defined by position.
Reciprocal
One divided by the original number, or, for a nonzero fraction a/b, the reciprocal is b/a.
Arc
Part of the circumference of a circle.
Percent
Parts per hundred.
Decimal Place Value
Powers of ten by position away from the decimal point. Going left: units, tens, hundreds, etc. Going right: tenths, hundredths, thousandths, etc.
Ordering Numbers
Putting numbers in order of lowest to highest.
Scale
Ratio of graphical representation to actual size.
Simplify
Reducing a fraction or an expression to a simpler form by actions such as cancellation of common factors and regrouping of terms with the same variable.
Contextual
Related to surrounding content.
Subtraction
Removing one number from another; the inverse of addition.
Division
Separation of numbers into parts; the inverse of multiplication.
Rounding
Simplifying a number by removing decimal places or changing those places to zero.
Combine Like Terms
Simplifying an expression by using the distributive property.
Shape
Symmetry, number of peaks, skewness, and uniformity of data distribution.
Area
The amount of space inside a two-dimensional boundary.
Solution
The answer.
Square Units
The area of a square with sides that measure 1 unit.
Denominator
The bottom number of a fraction.
Range
The difference between the highest and lowest values in a set.
Perimeter
The distance around a two-dimensional shape.
Circumference
The length around a circle.
Point on a Graph
The location of a value expressed as (x, y).
Length
The measure from end to end.
Expected Value
The most likely value of a random variable.
Percent Decrease
The negative difference between two numbers, divided by the first number, multiplied by 100.
Conversion Factor
The number used to multiply or divide to convert from one value to another.
Whole Number
The numbers used in counting and zero: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, . . .
Percent Increase
The positive difference between two numbers, divided by the first number, multiplied by 100.
Spread
The range of values in data distribution.
Constant of Proportionality
The ratio between two quantities.
Order of Operations
The sequence of operations that must be followed to simplify an expression.
Numerator
The top number of a fraction.
Surface Area
The total area of a three-dimensional object's surface.
Covariance
The way two variables change together.
Terminate
To end.
Sum
Total of two or more values.
Integer
Whole numbers and their opposites: (. . . , -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, . . .)
Metric System
International System of Units based on powers of ten.
Extraneous
Irrelevant.
Unit Conversion
Calculating equivalent values between systems of measurement.
Addition
Calculation of a total of two or more numbers.
Conversion
Changing one value or unit of measurement to another that is equivalent.
Bivariate
Containing two variables.
Repeat
Do again.
Solve
Find the answer.
Subtrend
Form an angle at a particular point on an arc.
Data Trend
General tendency of numbers in a set.
Non-negative
Greater than or equal to zero (positive or zero).
Common Denominator
In a set of two or more fractions, an integer that is divisible by each denominator. That is, a multiple of all of the denominators.
Erroneous
Incorrect.
Chart
Information in the form of a table or graph.
