Khan Academy-Introduction to Biological Molecules
Which of the following best explains the process of this reaction?
A covalent bond forms through dehydration synthesis, which results in the formation of maltose and water. As the hydroxyl group (-OH) and the hydrogen (H) highlight on the glucose molecules react, water is produced and a covalent bond forms. This combines the two glucose molecules into a single molecule of maltose.
Based on the reaction depicted above, which of the following statements is true?
If water is not added to the reaction, hydrolysis will not occur. Hydrolysis is a reaction that requires the presence of water as a reactant in order to occur.
Which of the following questions would a researcher most likely ask if they wanted to know whether a hydrolysis reaction or a dehydration synthesis reaction is occurring?
Is water a reactant or product of the reaction? Water is a reactant in hydrolysis reactions and is a product in dehydration synthesis reactions. So, the answer to this question will help the researcher figure out which type of reaction is occurring.
Which of the following best describes the role that water plays in the reaction depicted above?
As a reactant, water cleaves the covalent bond that holds the dimer together. This is a hydrolysis reaction. In this type of reaction, water is a reactant that cleaves covalent bonds.
Which of the following best explains the process of this reaction?
The addition of a water molecule cleaves the covalent bond holding maltose together. 3.4.2 Water is added because it's a reactant in the diagram. The bond holding maltose together on the left as a reactant has been cleaved to form two molecules of glucose as products on the right.
In an investigation, researchers placed intestinal cells in a nutrient medium contain lactose. The researchers determined that the lactose and broken down to galactose and glucose. The cells were then modified and re-exposed to the lactose medium. The researchers were no longer able to detect the presence of galactose and glucose. Which of the following conclusions best explains an outcome of this modification?
The cells were unable to hydrolyze the lactose dimer into its monomeric subunits. Since galactose and glucose were not detected, lactose was no longer being broken down by the cells after they were modified.
If water was removed from the reaction depicted, which of the following describes the most likely outcome of this removal?
The covalent bond that holds the dimer together would not be cleaved because hydrolysis would not occur. In this hydrolysis reaction, the role of water is to hydrolyze or cleave the covalent bond that holds the dimer together.
Which of the following statements best describes the digestion of starch into maltose?
This is a hydrolysis reaction that requires water to break down a complex polymer into simpler subunits. In this reaction, water and amylase both aid in the hydrolysis, or breakdown, of starch into maltose. Through hydrolysis, starch is converted from a complex polymer to simpler subunits of maltose.
Which of the following best explains the process occuring in this reaction?
Through dehydration synthesis, a covalent bond forms to connect the dipeptide together, and a water molecule forms as a product. To form the dipeptide, two amino acid monomers underwent a dehydration synthesis reaction. This reaction caused a covalent bond to form between the amino acids and a water molecule was released as a product.
What role do the highlighted hydroxyl group (-OH) and hydrogen atom (H) play in the depicted reaction above?
Through dehydration synthesis, they condense out of the reaction as a water molecule and a covalent bond forms in their place. In this reaction, a covalent bond forms between monomeric subunits to produce a dimer. Water is a product of the reaction that results from combining the hydroxyl group (_OH) and hydrogen atom (H).
Which of the following best describes the role of water in the reaction?
Water is a product that forms as a result of a dehydration synthesis reaction between the two amino acid monomers. Water is produced when the hydroxyl group (-OH) and the hydrogen atom (H) highlighted in the diagram react. This reaction also forms a covalent bond that connects the two amino acids together, forming a dipeptide.
Which of the following best describes the role that water plays in the reaction depicted above?
When water condenses out of the reaction, a dimer is created as a covalent bond forms between two monomers. In dehydration synthesis, also called a condensation reaction, a hydroxyl group (-OH) and a hydrogen atom (H) combine to form H2O, which then leaves the reaction as a product. This results in the formation of a covalent bond between the two monomers.
