KIN 1600

Sudden Cardiac Death

= irregular or weak heartbeat causing complete shutdown of heart

Vena Cava

= largest veins; carry the oxygen-poor blood from body to heart

pulmonary circulation

= lungs, pumping blood to and from (right side of heart). *oxygen-poor blood to lungs and oxygen-rich blood to heart

CHF (congestive heart failure)

= problem with blood pumping being inefficient; causes blood to backup into veins in lungs- which causes fluid to seep into lungs and lower legs (swelling); difficult breathing, coughing, tired, confusion.

Second Amendment

A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a Free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. *Approximately 265-390 million civilian guns in America; range is 83-125 guns per person. *30% of Americans own guns and 11% of all Americans live with someone who owns a gun *Average gun owner has eight guns. *Nationally- about 40% of men and 22% of women own guns. *Region most guns are owned in South 37%. Wyoming most per capita (230/100 people); Louisiana 11th (25/100 people) *About one billion guns globally with 85% in civilian hands

Stages of Addiction

A-Experimentation- introduction to behavior including more consistent desire to engage B-Regular use- engagement in everyday life C-Risky use- consistent use which causes noticeable behavior change (usually negative personality problems) D-Dependence- Body and mind must have it to function normally (physically and emotionally) E-Addiction- Out of control; unable to stop; must alter behaviors to fix it; knows it is harmful; ruins parts of life

1983

AIDS reported among female partners of men suggesting it is passed via heterosexual sex. In May, Pasteur Institute in France reported discovery of new retrovirus called Lymphadenopathy-Associated Virus (LAV) that could cause AIDS. In June, first reports of AIDS in children hinted that it could be passed via casual contact but ruled out; concluded directly acquired AIDS from mothers before, during or after birth. CDC identified all routes of transmission; ruled out casual contact, food, water, air or surfaces.

Unintentional Injuries

Accident; no malice intended

For 2010-2016, what age group had increasing HIV infections

Ages 25-34

Renewable Resources

Air, water, solar

Most Used Drug Most Popular Drug

Alcohol Marajuana

Student most common addictions

Alcohol, Adderal, Marajuana, Excstasy

Radiation

Alters the DNA of cancer, can "target" specific body parts without harm to everything else

Emphysema

Alveoli become stiff and stop working

1984

April, National Cancer Institute announced cause of AIDS- retrovirus HTLV-III. Pasteur Institute announced identical virus LAV/HTLV-III.

Simple 7 for Heart Health

Avoid Tobacco *Healthy Diet (avoid triglycerides- fats we eat or produced from carbs) *Exercise *Healthy weight (BMI) *Healthy Blood Pressure - around 120/80 or less *Healthy Blood Glucose (to avoid diabetes) *Healthy Cholesterol- positive balance of HDL (good- clear from arteries) and LDL (bad- stick to arteries)

Gardnerella

Bacterial Transmitted through Sexual Contact

Stroke

Blood flow to brain is impaired causing tissue to die

Physical Aspect of Addiction

Body Functions

Syphilis

Body fluids BACTERIAL

Should Know

CPR (breathing and heartbeat) and Heimlich Maneuver (choking)

Malignant

Cancer Causing and spreads

metastasis

Cancer spreading from its origin location through the body

CNS (central nervous system)

Central Nervous System

Co-Carcinogen

Chemical that when mixed with another chemical causes cancer

Groundwater pollution

Chemicals seep deep into groundwater

Ozone is killed by what

Chlorine- resulting in a brown color

chronic bronchitis

Chronic Swelling, Overproduction of mucus in lungs

Embolism

Clot that develops anywhere and travels to brain

London Smog

Coal based, Black

Environmental Wellness

Concept started to kill vectors which were making people sick (went too far, damaged crops)

Great Pacific Garbage Patch

Connected pile of trash floating between Hawaii and California,; Patch is bigger than Texas with 1.8 trillion pieces of trash (wow who counted that) Most common- Fishing Gear

T-Cell Count

Count over 500- No major infection Count Between- 200-499- Skin infections, TB, Sinus Infections Less than 200- Pneumonia Less than 100- Toxoplasmosis Less than 50- Anything can infect

Carcinogen

Directly causes cancer

Chemotherapy

Drug treatment designed to alter cell growth

Resource Depletion

Due to population growth, pollution, waste, war, mining, erosion

Testing

EKG-LOL monitors heart activity Echo- Ultrasound to see heart movement Stress Test- Test heart reactions every three minutes

waste treatment plant

(Screening to remove large objects); Secondary (Disinfection- Removes dissolved organic matter) Tertiary (Removes 99% of sediment and organisms to make people sick)

Motor Vehicle

(injury is because of the second collision- those in car hit the inside of the car): due to 'poor driving' (speeding, blinkers, distracted driving

Inhalants

- 9% OF AMERICANS OVER AGE 26 TRIED AT LEAST ONE TIME. Variety of chemical substances inhaled to induce psychoactive, mind-altering, effect and rarely, if ever, taken by any other way than inhalation.

Hallucinogens

- Age 26+ about 17% try at least once in life-classified into three main categories: Serotonergic (classical psychedelic drugs)- stereotype when we conjure up an idea of psychedelic drugs. LSD, DMT, and mescaline- drastic changes in your sensory perception, visual and audible hallucinations. Empathogens- release serotonin, giving user the feeling of euphoria, love, and increased attentiveness, awareness, MDMA Dissociative- depersonalization/derealization, feel disconnect from the world, their surroundings, and even their own bodies. PCP Top Psychedelic Drugs: LSD (11% in life age 26+) and PCP (2% age 26+)

1985

- March, FDA licensed blood test, ELISA, to detect antibodies to the virus. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and World Health Organization (WHO) hosted the first International AIDS Conference in Atlanta Georgia. Ryan White, Indiana teen acquired AIDS through contaminated blood & banned from school. On 2 October, Rock Hudson dies from AIDS- first high profile fatality; left in his will $250,000 to set up the American Foundation for AIDS Research. First time anyone recalls American President saying AIDS in public 1982- First money for HIV in USA budget; Few hundred thousand to now $35 billion (domestic and global).

Reasons For Violence

- Personal, social, family, peer, economics. What type of home person was born into, drugs, alcohol, mental disorder, exposure at home, and poverty, transient in communities (college areas)

Naturopathy

- healing power of nature. Naturopathic doctors trained conventional and alternative medicines, and look for cause of a condition- exploring its mental, physical, and spiritual manifestations in a given patient. Naturopathy typically involves a variety of treatment techniques including nutrition, behavioral changes, herbal medicine, homeopathy, and acupuncture.

Prostate Cancer

- most commonly diagnosed cancer in men (majority in men age 65+); start as 'polyps' growths in colon, use 'colonoscopy' to determine if someone has it

Opioids

- relieve pain (morphine), feeling of calmness, acts on parts of brain involved in feelings of pain/pleasure, and controlling heart rate, sleeping, and breathing.

How many people abuse opioids?

- two million abuse opioids, and nearly 67% of OD from any drug at all involved a prescription/illicit opioid; most common age range for opioid death = men from age 25-44

Two Types of HIV

-) HIV-1 (the most common) 95% of all cases worldwide are HIV # 1 (specifically HIV-1 M) B-) HIV-2 (uncommon & less infectious), generally diagnosed in Africa but a number of cases in US. HIV-2, time between infection and symptoms longer, less likely to progress and many infected remain lifelong non-progresses. During progression, CD4 counts remain higher and viral loads lower. Like many viruses, HIV has ability to mutate/change over time, within main types of HIV there are genetically distinc

Three categories for all alternative/complimentary practices

1. Mind-Therapy: Includes mediation, relaxation techniques, hypnosis, prayer 2. Body-Therapy: Chiropractic, yoga, acupuncture, Reiki, Tai Chi 3. Diet-Therapy: usually overall plant based or specific natural foods to consume.

How many people in the US have HIV today

1.1 million, 15% Unaware

How many new aids cases worldwide

1.7 million

Five Step Decision Making Process

1.Notice the event. 2.Interpret the event as a problem. 3.Take personal responsibility to intervene. 4.Decide how you are going to intervene. Take action

Seas/Oceans

14 billion pounds of pollution overall

2017 HIV Deaths

15,807 deaths HIV/AIDS in America with 47% of all deaths in Southern states of America.

Full blown AIDS (2017)

17,803 at stage 3 (AIDS) which is the worst diagnosis

When was HIV thought to be originated

1920, crossed species from chimpanzee's to humans

Earliest Known HIV 1 Case

1959 from a man in the dominican republic

Choking

2000-3000 per year

How many People are getting treatment for HIV

21.7 million

Overall waste USA

220-300 million tons a year and we recycle 35%, but we bury majority of waste in landfills

Fire

23,000 per year

Falls

25000 per year

How many new cases came from men bearing the greatest burden?

26000 of the 37832 infections

Chances of Getting HIV

27 times higher for men having sex with men, 23 times higher for people who inject drugs 13 times higher for women sex workers 13 times higher for transgender women

How many new cases in 2018

37832

How many people are living with aids (2019)

38 Million 79% know they have it, 21% don't (8.1 Million)

Car Crashes

39,000-42000 per year

ER visits per year FI

41-42 million

How many people are virally supressed?

47% of people with HIV

Of all new cases in 2017, what percentage was from the south?

52%

How what % of global AIDS came from Eastern/Southern Africa

53%, 19-20 million people

How many new cases of HIV per day

5k

How many people with HIV are accessing Treatment

62%

HIV medical Care

63% some HIV medical care, 49% continuous HIV care, and 51% viral suppression

How many women get infected with HIV per week

7000

How many people infected since 1981

77.3 million

how many people died from aids in 2018?

770,000, Top year was 2004- 1.8 Million

Average Gun owner has how many guns

8 guns

Ischemic Stroke

90% of strokes, Brain Artery blocked

Doctor Visits Per Year FI

90-93 million

Air

92% of the world breathes substandard air. Worst= Afghanistan

Chiropractic

: Daniel David Palmer's theory that anything that is wrong with a person is due to a "misplaced spinal bone." They do a lot of manipulative therapy like massaging, pushing on back, stretching, etc. The issue is that there is no science behind this. The idea is that back misalignment keeps "positive nerve energy" from traveling. Based on a theory, with no measurable base. In most states, insurance will cover this. They cannot prescribe drugs but they will give you lists of vitamins and supplements to buy (can get expensive). In addition, you need more than one session, which is costly, as the person needs x-rays, etc. before they realign the back.

Choking

: most common are food, small objects like marbles (kids) dangerous foods- large meat (steak or hotdogs), cubes of cheese, seeds, raw veggies, peanut butter sandwiches, hard candy *Prevention: clean house of small objects like coins, staples, button, bottle caps, (anything a kid can eat), cut food in small pieces, chew thoroughly, don't rush when eating, drink water, know Heimlich maneuver

FDA

Food, Drugs , Cosmetics, Supplements (Food and Drug Administration)

Air Pollution Emergency

For one to occur must have: Temperature inversion, no winds, and a source of pollution

Non-Substance

Gambling, Sex, Internet, Video Games , Plastic Surgery, Food, Porn, Shopping, - Love hate relationships

Most Polluted Body of Water in the world

Ganges and in America- Mississippi

Tumor

Hard mass of extra tissue that invaded the body (two types)

Violence

Harming someone with malice or intent

Cardiovascular System

Heart, Vessels, Arteries and blood flow

Public LIce

Highly contagious Fungal Infection that can be treated with topical skin medications

Marajuana

Indian Hemp Plant 'cannabis sativa'; 47% of people over age of 26 used least one time in life. And 8% use one time a month A-183,000,000- 238,000,000 use cannabis in a single year worldwide (2-3% of world population) B-35 million Americans use monthly, 78 million used some point in their lives; 55 million using marijuana once per month C-American users- 21% have a joint within 5 minutes of waking . D-14 percent of pregnant teenager's smoke marijuana, leading to negative effects upon the unborn child. E-Global age 15-64 = 78% use, only behind alcohol. In Europe, average days used per month = 23 F-American age 26+ users: 47% one time in life, 11% one time per year, 8% one time per month G-Countries Overall usage (all ages): Most is Iceland = 18%, USA = 16%, Nigeria = 14%, Canada = 12% *Over 30 states (plus D.C.) allow some sort use. California, Colorado, and Washington State over $1 billion in sales yearly.

1982

June, cases among gay men in Southern California suggested immune deficiency sexual and "Gay-related immune deficiency (GRID)". Later, disease reported in hemophiliacs & Haitians; many still believe HIV started in Haiti. CDC used the term 'AIDS' (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)- September '82, describing it. Cases reported in a many European countries. Uganda, doctors reported fatal wasting disease- 'slim'.

Lung Cancer

Leading cause of cancer death; Directly related to cigarrettes and chemicals within smoke

Asthma

Lungs Swollen

Gonorrhea

M, Membranes Bacterial antibiotics

Water

Most common pollution cause is industrial waste (45% of american lakes to polluted to use"

Two types of homicide

Murder/Manslaughter

Milk

Normally OK up to 5 days after expiration date

Surface Water Pollution

Oil Spill

Type 1

Pancreas produces no insulin> Buildup of sugar

Type 2

Pancreas produces normal insulin but cells resist

limbic system

Part of the brain that is responsible for addiction, "brain reward system"; typical feelings from dopamine. (Psychoactive Drugs mimic Dopamine)

Forms of violence

Physical, sexual, emotional, cultural, verbal, neglect, domestic (382.9/100,000 violent crime rate -2019)

withdrawal

Physical/Mental Feeling when drug is stopped or reduced in body.

Surgery

Physically Remove Cells

Addiction

Pleasurable but interferes with responsibilities

Single Point

Pollution from specific area

1981

Rare lung infection called Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) found in 5 previously healthy gay men in Los Angeles. Reports of men in New York/California with unusually aggressive cancer (Kaposi's Sarcoma). In December 1981, first cases of PCP reported in people inject drugs.; 270 reported cases of severe immune deficiency among gay men with 121 died (45%).

Saving Environment

Reduce fossil fuel dependence; keep water clean; preserve trees/forests (gives us oxygen and maintains healthy soil); protect coastal ecosystems

Local Health Departments

Restaurants ( independent to parish/county)

First known aids case in America

Robert Raiford, 1969, he was 15

Breast Cancer

Second leading cause of death for women

Herpes Simplex I & II

Skin to skin Acylflovir

Depressants

Slow CNS pathways

Benign

Slow growth and doesn't normally cause cancer

Particulate Matter

Small particles mixed with liquid droplets

Risk Factors

Smoking/tobacco use, alcoholism, family history, lack of physical activity, poor diet/obesity, excess exposure to UV radiation (sun), specific viruses, exposure to chemicals/poisons

Theme

Sometimes people have bad experiences with doctors and turn away from Western medicine. Typically termed 'alternative' or 'complimentary' medicine; neither utilizes the scientific method

Juice

Sour taste means rancid

Stimulants

Speed up CNS pathways

Students reasons to use substances

Stress, Class, Experimentation, Peer Pressure

Mental Aspect of addiction

Strong desire for behavior, cannot keep from engaging in behavior

Expiration Dates

Suggested for freshness (quality first and safety second)

Need to sustain Life

Sun, water, air, food, temp

What is the leading opportunistic infection with HIV

TB

Bypass

Taking a healthy heart vessel and grafted onto coronary arteries to improve flow

Eggs

Test by putting in a cup of water Floating=Bad Sinking=Good

Acupuncture/acupressure

The idea of putting needles or knuckles (acupressure) on center areas of the body called "meridians." Each meridian in the body corresponds to a specific body part. Basis in ancient Chinese culture. The needles and pressure help release "Qi," or 'life-force', which flows through the body and helps with all things. Problem is that this cannot measure. Can also be done for stress related disorders like migraines, and has been so successful that the US government is studying this to find proof to demonstrate this is effective. Insurance will cover this. These are ancillary; people see acupuncture and chiropractor after a doctor. They try to sell sets of three, and give vials of herbs, which supposedly increases the success of their methods.

Highest rate of gun ownership is in

The south 37%

Berlin Patient

Timothy Ray Brown Took ARTS but developed leukemia, when receiving bone marrow transplant he cured his cancer and lost HIV symptoms

Chlamidia

Transmission Through Mucous membranes BACTERIAL Treatment with antibiotics

Smog

Trophospheric ozone+ fog (Heart and Lung Problems)

College Students Likelihood of drug usage

Twice as Likely

Cancer

Uncontrolled Cell Growth

Prevalence By Age

Unintentional injuries are leading cause of death from ages 1-44 and third leading cause of death 45-64

USDA

United States Department of Agriculture- Grains and meats

Patterns of addiction

Unsuccessful attempts to quit, cue-triggered relapse, loss of control, no pleasure anymore, staying vigilant, cross-addiction (substitute one vice for another), self-medication, genetic vulnerability, "abuser" vs. "addict"- addict not limited to substance abuse (become addicted to anything)

Insulin

Used to manage glucose. More glucose triggers insulin which helps cells convert sugar into energy by glycolisis (nerd)

Bacteria-

Usually killed over 165 degrees; anything between 40-140 degrees is the danger zone for bacteria to grow

Multiple Causation Theory

Usually no single cause of injury

HEP ABC

VIRAL

immunotherapy

Vaccine, anything to help the individual immune system fight cancer better

HIV

Viral BR is 5th in nation 27% of all cases are under 25

HPV

Viral Skin to skin contact Vaccine Preventable 7% of all americans have this , 10% of males 3.6% of femals

Set/Setting

When/Where user decides to take a drug contributes to how the drug makes the user feel.

Reflexology

applying pressure to specific areas on the feet, hands, or ears. The theory is that these points correspond to different body organs and systems; pressing them to positively affect these organs and a person's overall health.

Trash

average American = four pounds day & up to 56 tons a year (Americans- 5% world population but 40% of its trash) *Currently 2.2 billion tons of waste; Americans throw away 99% of what we purchase within six months

Poisoning

besides drugs, food bacteria, household products, *Prevention: take medicines how intended, keep meds in original containers with instructions, secure household products, never mix products like bleach/ammonia, do not tell kids medicine is candy, use fan or open windows when using household chemicals to clean, have a carbon monoxide sensor, have anything fueling with gas, oil or coal burning, like heater or coal burning appliances checked yearly, never use anything in house that burns gas or charcoal (grill, camp stove, generator),don't heat house with a gas oven, keep everything beyond 25 feet from windows, never run a car inside a closed garage even if window is open, make sure fireplace is vented, CO kills by lowering ability to get oxygen to the blood starving the cells organs 'hypoxia'- can kill in minutes

systemic circulation

body, pump blood to and from (left side of heart) *oxygen-rich blood to body and oxygen-poor blood back to heart

Transplant

bone marrow (originated for leukemia and lymphoma) , works for some cancers but limited effectiveness

Prevention of MVC

brakes, tires, lights, wipers all perfect condition; defensive driving, seatbelts (half of deaths no seatbelt), distracted driving, follow traffic laws for speeding, blinkers, etc. If you motorcycle (helmet), pedestrian (bright clothing and walk against traffic)

four cancer classes

carcinomas, sarcomas, lymphomas, leukemias Carcinoma- found in epithelial tissue (tissue/cells that covers body surface like any internal organ, or blood vessels or urinary tract or skin); example would be skin cancer B-) Sarcoma- found connective tissue like bones, muscle, tendons, etc. C-) Leukemia- found in blood, starting in bone marrow D-) Lymphoma- found in lymph nodes & glands

CVD

cardiovascular disease Leading Cause of death overall for men and women in the US

Student Cooking

careful because a dorm room is enclosed. Have own fire extinguisher. Always have window open; even a door if possible *Microwave: DO NOT (ramen/mac n cheese without water); Aluminum foil; Olive Oil (causes more smoke than other oil)

falls

caused by mix of reason = physical health (vision, foot pain, arthritis, use of medicines), ice/water, trash in house, ladder *Prevention: keep it clean (high traffic areas), ¼ rule for ladders with help, lighting by every entrance), raining for stairs, slip bars in showers

Gray Death

cocktail of fentanyl, carfentanil (100 types stronger than fentanyl and 10,000 stronger as morphine- tranquilize large animals like elephants), and U-47700 (Pink- no approved use for humans but amounts obtained online as a "research chemical").

Colon Cancer

colorectal', typically in people over age 50

Skin

directly related to exposure to UV radiation from the sun (SPF 30+ for safety from UV rays); three types First Type- Basal cell carcinoma- most common skin cancer; reddish area; sore that does not heal, bump that is raised and shiny, burn it off or use topical lotion to kill it Second Type- Squamous cell carcinoma- small red hard nodule 'bump/sore' from direct and unprotected sun exposure (including tan beds) Third Type- Melanoma- brown patch or bump that changes shape rapidly; survival rate high if treated

Ketamine

dissociative anesthetic," powdered/liquid form- anesthetic on animals, hallucinate, feel no pain, is Schedule III. Some users report an 'out of body experience' known as a K-hole

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)

emphysema and chronic bronchitis; SOB+ Constant Cough, Supplemental O2

Reiki:

energy healing based on the idea "life force energy" flows through everyone's body. According to this philosophy, sickness and stress are indications that life force energy is low, while energy, health, and happiness signify a strong life force. In a Reiki session, a practitioner seeks to "transfer" life energy to the client by placing their hands lightly on the client's body or a slight distance away from the body (Reiki can also be performed long-distance). The purpose is to promote relaxation, speed healing, reduce pain, and generally improve the client's wellbeing

Prevention

engineering, education, enforcement (laws/police) *3th most common cause of death in America: over 200K per year (one every three minutes) *Up 10% since 2015 (due to drug overdose/47,000 just for opioid deaths

Arherosclerosis

fats/cholesterol in arteries 'hardening of arteries' restricts blood flow *Fatty streak = fats that accumulate in artery *Plaque = junk in artery wall (lipoproteins, collagen, etc.) Aneurysm = weakness in artery wall; if it tears it can cause sudden death

Methane capturing system

formed during trash breakdown; must be removed carefully so it doesn't explode

Ayurveda Medicine

from India and round for thousands of years. Practitioners use a variety of techniques, including herbs, massage, and specialized diets, with the intent of balancing the body, mind, and spirit to promote overall wellness.

Ozone

good- stratospheric, protects from UV rays from sun Bad- Trophospheric- Ground level chemicals

Most Common Poisoning

includes drug OD): 40,000-45,000 per year

Bottom Liner

keeps trash from the soil and water; six steps

Landfill Building

key is 'no oxygen' so it is tight MOISTURE RUINS A LANDFILL

Homicide

killing another person' (5/100,000) may/may not be legal (self-defense/shooting intruder); 64% with a firearm *Justifiable = killing in defense- shooting an intruder

Aorta

largest artery in body; branches out to carry oxygen-rich blood to body using arterioles, capillaries, and smaller arteries

Heroin

made from morphine; opium poppy plants grown in Southeast/Southwest Asia, Mexico, and Colombia. It is white/brown powder, or black sticky substance, 'black tar'. (Heroin is Schedule I- no accepted medical use in the United States) Method of use- inject, sniff, snort, or smoke, mixing opiates with crack cocaine is termed a 'speed ball' Short term effects- "rush" (surge of pleasure, euphoria), dry mouth, warm flushing of the skin, heavy feeling in the arms and legs, nausea and vomiting, severe itching, clouded mental functioning, "on the nod," a back-and-forth conscious/semiconscious Long-Term Effects- insomnia, collapsed veins from injecting, damaged nose tissue for people who sniff/snort it, infection of the heart lining and valves, abscesses (swollen with pus), constipation, stomach cramping, liver and kidney disease, lung complications, including pneumonia, depression and antisocial personality disorder, sexual dysfunction for men, irregular menstrual cycles

State Health Departments

milk/dairy ( Managed by state dept of ag)

Fire

most common is cooking, then electrical, candles, smoking in bed *Prevention: smoke alarms (check monthly), fire extinguishers (check every six months), escape plan, clean dryers and chimneys, kitchen cooking areas, don't smoke in bed, blow out candles especially for sleep and when leaving a room, do not overload circuits (plug outlets), keep heaters away from curtains or anything that can burn, no trash like paper products that can ignite easily, dust regularly, no cords under rugs (UL seal for cords) or close to curtains, high traffic areas free from obstruction in case you must get out fast; keep copies of important papers somewhere easy to get or out of house if there is a fire (prescriptions, medical information/pet information, keys, money), stop-drop-roll, childproof outlets

Drain System For storm water

on top of the landfill from rain so it doesn't get into the inside

Most common product by in landfill- by weight

paper and by size = plastic

Massage Therapy-

popular, but has conflicting data. Can relieve stress in patients, but the effects will not last. The sessions are also expensive. It has proven that the results are great short term, especially in those terminally ill. Different types have different focuses, pressures, etc. 45 states in the US regulate massage therapists to avoid any frauds.

Homeopathy

principle of treating "like with like," meaning a substance that causes illness when taken in large doses can be used in small amounts and treat those same symptoms. (This concept is similar to allergy shots). Homeopaths gather extensive background information on patients before prescribing a highly diluted substance, usually in liquid or tablet form, to jumpstart the body's natural systems of healing. There is some clinical evidence that homeopathy is effective

arrhythmia

problems with heart electric system; heartbeat is not rhythmic (either irregular or disorganized); specific type termed 'ventricular fibrillation' is a quivering feeling in lieu of a normal heartbeat

Covering or 'cap'

seals the top when at capacity and keeps environment safe

Angina

sharp pain in the chest resulting from a decrease in blood supply to heart muscle

TIA (transient ischemic attack)

specific periods when blood flow is restricted to brain; but resolves within many hours; 'mini-stroke' and could be waring sign for large stroke

Solid Waste

stored in 'municipal landfill' over 3K in USA and over 12,000 filled up and closed (different landfills for 'construction' and 'inert' materials such as tree stumps and/or limbs and leaves, asphalt, concrete, rock)

Hate Crime

traditional offense like murder, arson, or vandalism with an added element of bias. For the purposes of collecting statistics, the FBI has defined a hate crime as a "criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an offender's bias against a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, ethnicity, gender, or gender identity. *80% of (all hate crimes total) against a person/people and 20% of all hate crimes against property

Stem Cell

undifferentiated (random) cells that can unlimitedly divide and could end as specialized cells. Due to the unlimited division, stem cells have a higher risk for cancer

Murder

unjustified killing/intent. To be a murder, conduct so reckless that it is punishable. 'malice aforethought'- FIRST DEGREE = planning, SECOND DEGREE = intent to kill but no careful planning passion (get angry and kills) FELONY = murder while doing a crime (rob house but owner comes home so kill owner)

Manslaughter

unlawful killing of someone without malice' less moral blame than planning murder; types *Voluntary manslaughter- killing when extreme provocation, heat of passion, mental issue *Felony/involuntary manslaughter- Crime with death but unintentional (throwing brick off overpass and killing a driver) parent *'Misdemeanor manslaughter'- homicide during misdemeanor (theft, vandalism, traffic ticket)

Keep Clean

utensils, plates, cutting boards, hands, with warm water and soap; careful not to cross contaminate

Injury

very short period of time (minutes or seconds), harm not intended- activities like driving, climbing up a ladder, drowning

Leachate collection system-

whatever seeps into the landfill and is contaminated

CHD (coronary heart disease)

when hardening of arteries occur in a coronary 'heart' artery (directly related to heart); causes heart attack *When Coronary arteries do not get proper blood flow, then it weakens the heart muscle 'ischemia' *When artery is totally blocked that is a heart attack 'myocardial infarction'; can be caused by clot 'thrombosis' or broken piece of plaque; if heart muscle is devoid of oxygen then it begins to die

Cells

where trash is stored in layers and compacted daily; packed solid with lining between each level

Community Violence

wide range of events including riots, sniper attacks, gang wars, drive-by shootings, workplace assaults, terrorist attacks, torture, bombings, war, ethnic cleansing, and widespread sexual, physical, and emotional abuse

Complimentary Example

will NOT tell you to quit your medicines but do something in addition (massage, yoga, etc

Alternative Example

will tell a person to quit their chemo and try something unproven instead. Can be harmful.