kin 201 final

Participants suffering from sport-related knee injuries are given a treatment and then the effectiveness of that treatment is measured using a test. There is no prettest or control group

Cross-sectional (one-shot) study design

"To what populations, settings, treatment variables, and measurement variables can this effect be generalized?" might most appropriately be asked in relation to external validity

true

Attrition, or the loss of participants through a research study, is a threat to internal validity

true

A double-blind experiment is one in which

Neither the researcher nor the participants know which participants receive the experimental treatment

A group of researchers is interested in understanding the influence of a recess intervention intended to increase total daily physical activity among elementary school students. They recruit two schools to the study. Students at both schools are observed during recess and pretest data are collected. Then, in one school the students receive the intervention and in the other, they continue to have a standard recess with no intervention. The researchers conduct a pottest to examine the influence of the intervention at both the control and experimental school.

Quasi-experimental design

The one characteristic of true experimental designs that preexperimental and quasi-experimental designs do not have is

Random assignment to groups

begins with quantitative (capture phenomenon) and then moves to qualitative (understand mechanisms of the phenomenon)

Sequential EXPLANATORY

beings with qualitative (develop theory) and then moves to quantitative (test theory)

Sequential EXPLORATORY

Patients with chronic kidney disease often suffer from which of the following co-morbid conditions?

. Bone disorders Cardiovascular disease Muscle wasting

Selection bias occurs when there is selection based on extreme scores and participants become more similar over time

FALSE (this is regression)

A qualitative research technique involves interviews of small numbers of participants in a group setting. These groups are called individual interviews

False

In a parallel mixed methods design, the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the study receive equal attention but do not have to occur at the same time

False

In research, an extraneous variable is:

Not measured, but could influence the relationship among the variables of interest

One group of participants is given a physical fitness pretest, participate in a training program intended to increase physical fitness, and are then posttested. The pretest and posttest scores are compared to examine the growth in physical fitness.

One-group prettest-posttest design

A study design that seeks to enhance generalizability to real-world settings (external validity), involves both experimental and control conditions, and includes a pretest and posttest, but does not involve group randomization, is referred to as

Quasi-experimental study design

Participants who experience work-related back pain are randomly assigned to receive either standard therapy or a new, innovative approach to pain management. All participants complete a test to evaluate pain after the end of the intervention period. There was no pretest.

Randomized-groups design

One group of participants receives an exercise intervention and the other group receives standard advice related to how to improve physical activity levels. Both groups are then compared on their fitness levels. There is no group randomization.

Static group comparison study design

In experimental design, when comparisons are made of groups that have been selected on the basis of their extreme scores, the posttest means of the groups tend to move toward the mean of the entire population from which the extreme groups were selected. This threat to internal validity is called

Statistical regression toward the mean

Participants are pretested on the extent to which they enjoy being physically active. They are then randomized into either an experimental or control condition. The experimental group gets a motivational coaching intervention while the control group gets standard recommendations for activity. Both groups are then posttested and the pretest and posttest scores are compared to examine change over time.

pretest-posttest randomized-groups design