KINE 202 Exam 2

When force is exerted on an immovable resistance you would be performing a _______ exercise.

? (isotonic, isometric, isokenetic)

To have motion, ______.

the equilibrium of the body must be upset

Given that work is defined as force applied to a body through a distance and in the direction of the force (simply force times distance), a basketball player who bench-presses 180 pounds through 2 feet is doing _______.

360 foot-pounds of work

______ is the first person to study the muscles and motions of the human body. They first started with studying animals.

Aristotle

The ______ explains human movement as the result of the interaction between the individual, the environment and the task to be learned.

Dynamical Systems Model

________ is known as the "Father of Motor Behavior".

Franklin Henry

_________ explains motor learning in terms of cognition and the processing of information.

Information Processing Model

When attempting to assist a person with the development of a new skill there are factors that must be in place before that individual can learn. What are these factors and what can you do as a teacher/coach/therapist do to ensure their ability to learn a new skill?

To be able to create effective learning situations teachers must recognize some of the factors that influence learning. Readiness: physiological (strength, flexibility, endurance) and psychological (state of mind) factors influencing an individual's ability and willingness to learn (strength, flexibility, endurance) Motivation: refers to a condition within an individual that initiates activity directed toward a goal. Reinforcement: using events, actions and behaviors to increase the likelihood of a certain response recurring (positive or negative) (tangible or intangible) Individual Differences: race, gender, culture, and socioeconomic status are just a few differences that can influence learning for an individual.

Persons practicing Tai Chi may adopt a wide stance in order to _____.

all of the answers are correct (increase their stability; improve their balance; lower their center of gravity)

Which of the following might be studied by biomechanists?

all of the answers are correct (the design of a shoe to reduce instances of foot sores for diabetics; forces exerted on the spine during lifting; optimal form during the javelin throw)

Which of the following is measured by anthropometry?

all of the answers are correct (the shape of the body; the length of the forearm; the weight of the trunk)

The angle that is rotated in a given unit of time and is computed mathematically in terms of revolutions per second is known as _______.

angular velocity

_______ focuses on the application of the scientific principles of mechanics to understand movements and actions of human bodies.

biomechanics

Which of the following expressions defines velocity?

change in position over a given time

_______ is an example of manipulative skills.

dribbling

_______ is used to measure the electrical activity produced by a muscle or muscle group.

electromyography

True or False? According to the Hourglass Model a person can change their hereditary contributions.

false

True or False? Biomechanics is limited to the realm of physical education and sport.

false

Motor development focuses on the study of the _______.

origins of and changes in movement behavior throughout the lifespan.

True or False? Kinetics focuses on studying the time and space factors involved in motion, such as velocity, whereas kinemaics focuses on forces that act on a system, such as gravity and muscles.

false

________ provides information about the performance of the movement and its quality.

feedback

Newtons third law states that:

for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

The process of obtaining information from the environment around you is referred to as?

input

List and define the 4 stages of the Information Processing Model.

input- the process of obtaining information from the environment decision making- information from the senses is processed and a decision is made output- response and execution feedback- information about the performance of the movement and its quality, appropriateness or outcome.

According to Newton's second law, acceleration of an object:

is directly proportional to the force producing it and inversely proportional to the object's mass

A relatively permanent change in behavior or performance as a result of practice and experience.

learning

The study of the neurophysiologial and behavioral processes affecting the control of skilled movements.

motor control

_______ is concerned with the learning or acquisition of skills across the lifespan.

motor learning

The yoga students stretch, bend, and twist during a stationary pose. They are exhibiting a ______ fundamental movement.

nonlocomotor

The ratio of force to the area over which the force is applied.

pressure

The underlying biological, environmental, and task demands that influence changes from infancy through older adulthood are referred to as ______.

process

_________ can be described as descriptive or normative change over time and is typically viewed as age related changes in motor behavior and performance.

product

The correct sequence for the phases of motor skill development is _______.

reflexive, rudimentary, fundamental, and specialized

List the 4 mechanical processes of movement. Once you have listed them, define them and provide an example movement/exercise that a person might d using that mechanical process.

stability motion leverage force

All of the following are manipulative skills except _____.

swinging

The distinct advantage of _____ is that it permits movement data to be recorded without encumbering a performer with wires and other equipment that can hinder performance.

telemetry

True or False? In boxing, the use of 16-ounce gloves rather than 12-ounce gloves reduces the chance of injury because the force is distributed over a greater area.

true

True or False? The concept of stability, or balance, is related to equilibrium.

true

True or False? When a person reaches adulthood, they have the ability to enhance or hinder their environment factors that influence motor developmen.

true

True or False? Wild can be credited with creating the first study on school ages children that helped to develop later models of classifying developmental motor patterns.

true

"Acceleration" is a term for time rate of change in which of the following quantities?

velocity