kines final

When flexing all of the fingers joints maximally in combination with maximal wrist flexion and no further flexion of any of the involved joints may be reached, the result is _______.

Active insufficiency of the flexor muscles

Radioulnar pronation is performed by all of the following muscles except the:

brachialis muscle.

Most of the rotation within the cervical region occurs in the joint between _____.

c1 and c2

bone is strongest in resisting

compressive stress

_____ is the ability of muscle to be passively stretched beyond its normal resting length

extensibility

During the "lifting up" phase of a back squat. What is the hip movement?

extension

During the "return/lowering" phase of a bicep curl. What are the elbow agonist muscles used?

flexors

Muscles with pennate fibers are designed for _____ while muscles with parallel fibers are designed for _______.

force, range of motion

Which of the following is not an example of a movement in the transverse plane?

glenohumeral abduction

The latissimus dorsi muscle inserts on the

medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus.

The shoulder girdle movements primarily involve all of the following muscles except:

pec major

During a push-up exercise, what are the agonist muscles used in the shoulder joint during the pushing phase to the up position? (start with chest on floor and pushing up)

pectoralis major/anterior delt/coracobrachialis

eversion of foot

peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, peroneus tertius

During the "lifting up" phase of a back squat. What are the knee agonist muscles active?

quads

Which of the following muscles is most commonly affected by scapular winging?

serratus anterior

During a push-up exercise, what are the agonist muscles used in the shoulder girdle during the pushing phase to the up position? (start with chest on floor and pushing up)

serratus anterior and pec minor

the shoulder and hip joints are examples of ______________ joints.

tri axial

Abduction is an example of movement in a coronal plane about an anteroposterior axis.

true

All three of the vasti muscles of the quadriceps originate on the proximal femur and insert on the patellar superior pole.

true

Articular cartilage is located on the surfaces of the femur, tibia and patella.

true

The patella serves as a pulley by improving the angle of pull with the result being a greater mechanical advantage for the quadriceps during knee extension.

true

The peroneus tertius is absent in about 5-17% of the population

true

The spine accommodates compression forces much better than tensile forces

true

The term "intrinsic" usually pertains to muscles within or belonging solely to the body part upon which they act.

true

The tibia bears the majority of the bodyweight compared to the fibula.

true

The two major types of fiber arrangements are parallel and pennate.

true

Abduction takes place around the _____ axis.

anteroposterior

triceps surae refers to:

gastrocnemius and soleus

If a patient/client comes to you indicating they have a shin splint, what is the most likely condition they might be experiencing?

medial tibial stress

the only uniarticular knee flexor is the _____________.

popliteus

performs stabilization and protection of the sternoclavicular joint?

subclavius

Maintaining excessive hip flexion may limit your ability to accomplish full knee extension.

true

Most outer bone is composed of cortical bone with cancellous bone underneath.

true

Reduction of the spine is defined as a return movement from lateral flexion to a neutral position.

true

Which of the following is not true regarding the hamstring muscle group?

provides static stability to the knee joint

the radioulnar joint is an example of a ___________ joint.

trochoid

not true of concentric muscle contractions

Concentric muscle contractions are commonly described as being a negative type of contraction.

Which of the following muscles performs abduction of the wrist?

The extensor carpi radialis longus muscle

flexion of thumb

The flexor pollicis longus muscle

Which of the following is considered to be an extrinsic glenohumeral muscle?

The latissimus dorsi muscle

During a push-up exercise, what is the contraction type in the shoulder girdle during the pushing phase to the up position? (start with chest on floor and pushing up)

concentric

During a rowing exercise, what is the contraction type during the pull-in / pull-up phase of the lift?

concentric

_________________ bone is 5-10% non-mineralized tissues, while ____________ is 30-90% non mineralized tissue.

cortical and trabecular

Which of the following is not correct regarding menisci in the knee joint?

decreases stability

Bone is not composed of

protien

The central, fleshy portion of a muscle is called the gaster.

true

The conscious awareness of the position and movement of the body in space is called kinesthesis.

true

During walking there is a point where neither foot is touching the ground.

false

Generally, parallel muscles will produce a lesser range of movement than similar-size muscles with a pennate arrangement.

false

Inversion is turning the ankle and foot outward away from the midline of the body where the weight is on the medial edge of the foot.

false

Isokinetic muscle contractions involve a dynamic movement wherein the speed of movement is variable.

false

which of the following muscles could perform knee flexion when concentrically contracting?

gastronemius

the elbow, knee and ankle joints are examples of ________________ joints.

ginglymus

when the biceps muscle group concentrically contracts, a dislocating force occurs at the joint when the angle of force application is _____.

greater than 90 degrees

The elbow includes all of the following ligaments except the:

interosseus ligament

a bending stress on a bone is a combination of:

tensile and compression

an efficient way to stretch the pectoralis minor muscle?

By lying supine with a rolled towel directly under the thoracic spine while a partner pushes each scapula into retraction

During an overhead press exercise, what are the agonists muscles used in the shoulder joint during the return to starting position phase in frontal plane. (weight is above head and athlete slowly lowers the weight down to the starting position)

Deltoid, Supraspinatus, Upper Pectoralis Major

During a rowing exercise, what are the agonist muscles used in the shoulder joint during the pull-in / pull-up phase of the lift? (Performed in Horizontal plane)

Posterior/Middle deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor, latissimus dorsi

stabilizer muscles

They are essential in establishing a relatively firm base for the more distal joints to work from when carrying out movements.

Which of the following is a true statement about agonist muscles?

They cause a joint motion through a specified plane of motion when contracting concentrically.

not a factor that contributes to the injury rate of the glenohumeral joint?

Tight configuration of ligaments

The medial compartment of the thigh contains the muscles—adductor brevis, the adductor longus, the adductor magnus, the pectineus, and the gracilis—that are primarily responsible for ______.

adduction of the hip

The iliopsoas muscle is located _____ and performs _____ of the hip.

anteriorly and felxion

All of the following are provided by muscles except _____.

attachment point for other muscles

During an overhead press exercise, what is/are the movement/s used in the shoulder girdle during the return to starting position phase. (weight is above head and athlete slowly lowers the weight down to the starting position)

downward rotation depression

During an overhead press exercise, what is contraction type during the return to starting position phase. (weight is above head and athlete slowly lowers the weight down to the starting position)

eccentric

A varus force on the knee is resisted by the MCL

false

Antagonist muscles are known as prime or primary movers and are most involved in a joint action.

false

As the knee approaches full extension the tibia must internally rotate approximately 10 degrees to achieve proper alignment of the tibial and femoral condyles.

false

Contractility is the ability of muscle to contract and develop tension or internal force in the same direction as a resistive force when stimulated.

false

It is not possible for a muscle to cause more than one action in an associated joint.

false

Ligaments and connective tissue provide dynamic stability to joints when actively contracting.

false

Posterior dislocations occur frequently at the glenohumeral joint.

false

Supination refers to an internal rotary movement of the radius on the ulna.

false

The elbow joint is a hinge-type joint that allows only internal and external rotation in the sagittal plane.

false

The scapula is an example of an irregular bone.

false

The stability of the glenohumeral joint is enhanced by its significant mobility.

false

If the _____ plane runs from medial to lateral, then its axis must run from front to back.

frontal

a proprioceptor associated with muscle tissue?

golgi tendon

Each of the following joints allows a slight amount of motion to occur except _____.

gomphosis

During the "lifting up" phase of a back squat. What are the hip agonist muscles active?

hamstring

During a rowing exercise, what is the movement in the shoulder joint during the pull-in / pull-up phase of the lift? (Performed in Horizontal plane)

horizontal abduction

During a push-up exercise, what is the movement in the shoulder joint during the pushing phase to the up position in the horizontal plane? (start with chest on floor and pushing up)

horizontal adduction

The carpal tunnel houses flexor tendons as well as the median nerve. What wrist flexor tendon does not pass through the carpal tunnel, making it an easy tendon to harvest and use during a UCL reconstruction surgery ? (hint : it's absent in a small % of the population)

palmaris longus

The _________ muscle does not perform flexion of the elbow.

pronator quadratus

The subconscious mechanism by which the body is able to regulate posture and movement is called _____.

proprioception

During a push-up exercise, what is the movement of the shoulder girdle during the pushing phase to the up position? (start with chest on floor and pushing up)

protraction

During a rowing exercise, what is the movement in the shoulder girdle during the pull-in / pull-up phase of the lift?

retraction

Of the carpal bones, which articulates with the radius and is critical in transfering force from the hand into the forearm ?

scaphoid

Which of the following is the most likely to be involved in impingement syndrome?

supraspinatus

rotator cuff muscles

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

During an overhead press exercise, what are the agonist muscles used in the shoulder girdle during the return to starting position phase. (weight is above head and athlete slowly lowers the weight down to the starting position)

traps serratus anterior pec minor

Which of the following is not a term used to classify the pennate type of muscle fiber arrangement?

tripinnate

As the elbow reaches full extension, the olecranon process of the ulna is received by the olecranon fossa of the humerus, and this provides increased joint stability.

true

Cancellous bone is stiffer and can withstand greater stress, but less strain, than cortical bone.

true

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition in which there is an increased pressure in the carpal tunnel, which interferes with the normal function of the median nerve.

true

Collagen in bone provides flexibility and strength to resist tension.

true

Diagonal abduction is movement by a limb through a diagonal plane away from the midline of the body.

true

Diarthrodial joints are also known as synovial joints.

true

Distally, the patella serves as a major bony landmark to which all four quadriceps muscles attach and ultimately insert on the tibial tuberosity via the patella tendon.

true

Each muscle in the human body may be innervated by a single nerve or multiple nerves.

true

Elbow motions primarily involve movement between the articular surfaces of the humerus and the ulna.

true

Functions of the abdominal muscles include assisting in spinal stabilization and respiration.

true

Generally, longer muscles can shorten through a greater range and are more effective in moving joints through large ranges of motion.

true

In the context of wrist and hand movements, opposition refers to the movement of the thumb across the palmar aspect to oppose the palm or any combination of the phalanges.

true

Keeping a heavy weight close to the body while lifting helps protect the lumbar spine from undue stress.

true

Tears in menisci can occur due to both compression and shear forces during rotation while flexing or extending during quick directional changes in running.

true

The action performed by the subscapularis muscle is opposite to the action performed by the infraspinatus muscle.

true

The fibula serves as an attachment for knee joint structures and does not articulate with the femur or the patella.

true

The fingers can only flex and extend, except at the metacarpophalangeal joints, where abduction and adduction are controlled by the intrinsic hand muscles.

true

The normal curves of the cervical and lumbar portion of the spine are lordotic.

true

The ulna is much larger proximally than the radius.

true

The wrist flexor muscles have their origin on the medial epicondyle of the humerus.

true

Adduction movement at the wrist in the frontal plane of the little finger side of the hand toward the medial forearm is called _____.

ulnar flexion

Which of the following movements involves moving the inferior angle superiorly and laterally away from the spinal column to assist in raising the arm out to the side?

upward rotation